1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L +
II2.46787 10
13
4.27448 10
13
IM wallThick
3
M
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L
1
wallThick
II8.44183 10
16
+ 1.46217 10
15
IM
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551
10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ,
Ro 0.5 wallThick + II1.34006 10
15
2.32105 10
15
IM
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick + 1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM
1
wallThick
II8.44183 10
16
+ 1.46217 10
15
IM
Untitled-2 19
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862
10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM>,
:Ri 1. 0.5 wallThick I6.28438 10
9
+ 1.08849 10
10
IM
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L +
II2.46787 10
13
+ 4.27448 10
13
IM wallThick
3
M
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L
1
wallThick
II8.44183 10
16
1.46217 10
15
IM
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551
10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ,
Ro 0.5 wallThick + II1.34006 10
15
+ 2.32105 10
15
IM
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick + 1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM
1
wallThick
II8.44183 10
16
1.46217 10
15
IM
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862
10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM>,
:Ri 1. 0.5 wallThick + 1.25688 10
10
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L
I4.93574 10
13
wallThick
3
M I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
20 Untitled-2
,
I
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ,
Ro 0.5 wallThick I2.68011 10
15
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick +
1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862
10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM>>
The solution is quite complicated. To determine the number of solu-
tions we use Length[]
Length@ solution1D
3
To determine the meaningful solution, we will plot Ri as a function
of the wall thickness for each solution.
Untitled-2 21
Plot@ Ri . solution1@@1DD , 8wallThick, 0.0, 0.1<D
Plot::plnr : Ri . solution1P1T is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 4.16666666666666607`*^-9.
Plot::plnr : Ri . solution1P1T is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.0331735379911426386`.
Plot::plnr : Ri . solution1P1T is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.0312284476734740978`.
General::stop :
Further output of Plot::plnr will be suppressed during this calculation.
0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03
-0.04
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
Graphics
22 Untitled-2
Plot@ Ri . solution1@@2DD , 8wallThick, 0.0, 0.1<D
Plot::plnr : Ri . solution1P2T is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.0336530892546805349`.
Plot::plnr : Ri . solution1P2T is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.0315403739079772149`.
Plot::plnr : Ri . solution1P2T is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.0303783893667023363`.
General::stop :
Further output of Plot::plnr will be suppressed during this calculation.
0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
Graphics
Untitled-2 23
Plot@ Ri . solution1@@3DD , 8wallThick, 0.0, 0.1<,
AxesLabel > 8tmin, Ri<D
0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Ri
Graphics
Clearly, only the third solution is meaningful. It is also interesting
that for small values of the wall thickness constraint, the value of
Ro becomes very high, exceeding the upper bound of Ro <= 0.2 .
That means that the wall thickness constraint is no longer active at
those levels. Also note that for large values of the wall thickness,
the Ro seems to become negative. Redefining the plot range, we
have
24 Untitled-2
Plot@ Ri . solution1@@3DD , 8wallThick, 0.0, 0.1<,
PlotRange > 80.0, 0.2<, AxesLabel > 8tmin, Ri<D
0.02 0.04 0.06
0.025
0.05
0.075
0.1
0.125
0.15
0.175
0.2
Ri
Graphics
For the selected value of wall thickness of tmin = 0.05, we will
have the optimal solution,
xStar = dvX . solution1@@3DD . wallThick > 0.005
90.111541 + 1.59595 10
16
I, 0.116541 + 1.52656 10
16
I=
The imaginary parts of the solution is actually 0.0,
Untitled-2 25
xStar = Re@ dvX . solution1@@3DD . wallThick > 0.005 D
80.111541, 0.116541<
fobj@ xStar D
g1@xStarD
g2@xStarD
g3@xStarD . wallThick > 0.005
140.621
1.18234 10
11
23 611.9
0.
If we did not put the wall thickness constraints, then we would
have hit the upper bound on the radius variables, but note that Ro
would have to be at its upper bound (not Ri) because Ro = 0.2
would result in Ri value that violates the upper bound constraint.
solution2 = Solve@8g1@dvXD == 0.0 . Ro > 0.2 <, RiD
88Ri 0.198389<, 8Ri 0.198389 I<, 8Ri 0.198389 I<, 8Ri 0.198389<<
xStar2 = dvX . Flatten@ 8solution2@@4DD, Ro > 0.2 < D
80.198389, 0.2<
26 Untitled-2
fobj@ xStar2 D
g1@xStar2D
g2@xStar2D
79.1348
6.00267 10
11
38 438.6
This is a much lighter structure. However, the down side is, the
wall thickness is quite small (about 1.6 mili meter) compared to the
outside diameter of 200 mili meter. This is a highly unrealistic
design.
smallWallThick = xStar2@@2DD xStar2@@1DD
0.00161091
What Is Hapenning around wall thickness of 0.06...?
For curiosity, we can also plot the constraints at optimal solution
as a function of the wall thickness for the solution1 case
Untitled-2 27
solution1@@3DD
:Ri 1. 0.5 wallThick +
1.25688 10
10
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L
I4.93574 10
13
wallThick
3
M I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+
1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+
2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862
10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ,
Ro 0.5 wallThick I2.68011 10
15
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick +
1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM>
g1ofWallThick = g1@dvXD . solution@@3DD
28 Untitled-2
63 662. 0.5 wallThick
I2.68011 10
15
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick + 1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862
10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM
2.5 10
8
1. 0.5 wallThick + 1.25688 10
10
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+
1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838
10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L I4.93574 10
13
wallThick
3
M
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^
H1 3L +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+
1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+
2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ^4 +
0.5 wallThick I2.68011 10
15
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick +
1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^
H1 3LM +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+
1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+
2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ^4
Untitled-2 29
g2ofWallThick = g2@dvXD . solution@@3DD;
g3ofWallThick = g3@dvXD . solution@@3DD;
Plot@ g1ofWallThick , 8wallThick, 0.0, 0.1<, AxesLabel > 8tmin, g1<D
Plot::plnr : g1ofWallThick is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 4.16666666666666607`*^-9.
Plot::plnr : g1ofWallThick is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.00405669915729157981`.
Plot::plnr : g1ofWallThick is not a machinesize
real number at wallThick = 0.00848087998593736891`.
General::stop :
Further output of Plot::plnr will be suppressed during this calculation.
0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
Graphics
30 Untitled-2
Since the g1 and g3 are solved as critical constraints, their plot is
mostly zero, except some numerical noise. We therefore check to
see if g2 becomes critical.
Plot@ g2ofWallThick , 8wallThick, 0.0, 0.1<, AxesLabel > 8tmin, g2<D
0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
-40000
-30000
-20000
-10000
g2
Graphics
Finally, we can make a plot of the optimal objective function as a
function of the wall thickness.
Untitled-2 31
fStar = fobj@dvXD . solution@@3DD
General::spell1 :
Possible spelling error: new symbol name "fStar" is similar
to existing symbol "xStar".
123 308.
1. 0.5 wallThick + 1.25688 10
10
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+
1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838
10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L I4.93574 10
13
wallThick
3
M
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3L +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+
1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+
2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ^2 +
0.5 wallThick I2.68011 10
15
I4.68964 10
24
wallThick +
1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
MM
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^
H1 3LM +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
I4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
MM^H1 3LM ^2
32 Untitled-2
Plot@fStar, 8wallThick, 0.005, 0.06<, AxesLabel > 8tmin, fStar<D
LM
H L
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
H4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
LM^
H1 3LMN^
2 +
J0.5 wallThick H2.68011 10
15
H4.68964 10
24
wallThick + 1.84162 10
28
wallThick
4
LL
IwallThick I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
H4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
LM^
H1 3LM +
1
wallThick
I1.68837 10
15
I3.3069 10
39
wallThick
3
9.90352 10
27
wallThick
6
+
,
H4.12551 10
74
wallThick
3
+ 1.57958 10
79
wallThick
6
1.90862 10
82
wallThick
9
+ 2.49838 10
85
wallThick
12
LM^
H LMN
Graphics
Untitled-2 33