UGC HALF-YEARLY REPORT IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE INSIGHT AND COMMENTARY ON THE MOST RECENT 6 MONTHLY PERIOD IN FINANCIAL MARKETS AROUND THE GLOBE AND UGCs OUTLOOK FOR THE COMING 6 TO 12 MONTH PERIOD.
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT IS GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED PERSONAL ADVICE. YOU SHOULD CONSULT YOUR ADVISER OR A UGC ADVISER BEFORE ACTING ON ANY OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT. UGC Half-Yearly Report Half-year ended 30 June 2014
Dated: 22 August 2014 Where do you want to be?
2014 Financial Year in Review
Despite a range of economic and geopolitcal challenges unsetling fnancial markets, most major equity markets posted solid gains for the 12 months to 30 June 2014. Central banks around the world contnued to provide support in some form or another as benign levels of infaton allowed central banks to keep interest rates low. This encouraged investors seeking income into asset classes other than traditonal term deposit or fxed income investments all in an atempt to support their need for cash fow.
The Internatonal Monetary Fund (IMF) estmates that the world economy grew by 3% in 2013 and will grow by 3.6% in 2014, which is consistent with long term average growth rates.
Central bank policy contnued to drive market developments as investors contnued to keep a keen eye on the US Federal Reserves unwinding of its Quanttatve Easing (QE) program. This program, which has been actvated on three separate occasions since the Global Financial Crisis, is designed to allow the Fed to buy government bonds in huge sums to artfcially lower bond prices and infuence mortgage rates which are priced of these US government bond prices.
The combinaton of extraordinarily low short-term interest rates and a targeted bond buying program across the interest rate curve provided signifcant support to asset prices across the world. While the Federal Reserve steadily reduces the size of its monthly bond purchases from US$85 billion a month to zero (QE is expected to end this October), the fear is that it could lead to lower share and bond prices as interest rates, lef un-manipulated, are expected to rise. So far, however, this has proven not to be the case as improved US and European prospects have helped provide enough confdence for investors to, at this stage, overlook the risk of a signifcant decline.
United States
The IMF cut its forecast for US economic growth in 2014 from 2.8% to 2.0%, largely due to the harsh winter that dampened growth in the 1st quarter of 2014. Apart from this speed bump, there are encouraging signs that the US is undergoing a modest but strengthening economic recovery.
The unemployment rate fell from 6.7% in December last year to 6.2% in July, which compares to the peak unemployment rate of 10% reached in 2009. It might actually come as a shock to most but this is now less than Australias unemployment rate which currently stands at 6.4%.
The S&P/Case-Shiller 20-City Composite Home Price Index rose 10.8% over the past 12 months to April 2014 as US housing now appears to be a tailwind behind US growth, instead of a headwind.
Average weekly earnings in the US increased 2% for the frst half of the year and is up 11% overall since the end of 2009. This improved rate of growth in wages this year is consistent with the improvement witnessed in the labour market and over tme should help support the consumer in the US, which makes up approximately 70% of US GDP. Figure 1 - US Unemployment Rate (Source: Trading Economics, US Bureau of Labour Statstcs)
China
The Chinese economy grew 7.7% last year and the IMF forecasts growth to be 7.5% in 2014 and to be slightly lower again in 2015. There are increasing concerns over the short- medium term economic outlook for China as its property market cools in the wake of increased central bank regulaton over its shadow banking system. Potental oversupply of housing in Tier 3 and 4 cites and a slump in the housing market could act as a drag on growth and could also lead into subdued demand for Australian iron ore.
The ramp up in Chinese property development has been fuelled by an explosion in credit, with the rato of credit to GDP increasing from 128% to 217% over the past 5 years. Much of this growth has come through the unregulated shadow banks that provide capital to local government fnancing vehicles, property developers and state-owned enterprises. These loans are packaged and sold as deposit- like products to investors seeking higher rates of return but are ofen unaware of the credit risks atached to these UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be?
fnancial instruments.
Much of this credit fuelled development in China was a result of Chinese government interventon during the GFC as China implemented policies aimed at staving of a US style GFC type event. This infrastructure build out and property development helped fuel demand for Australian iron ore and contributed signifcantly to Australian GDP, which only contracted for one quarter during the GFC, and avoiding a technical recession.
For the moment, investors are wary of a potental credit or debt servicing problem among these local government trusts and Wealth Management Products. The potental is that if enough of these debts default, this could spark an adverse fnancial market reacton across China which could fow across the globe similar to the GFC.
However, it should be noted that the Chinese government has a vast pool of foreign exchange reserves and a relatvely closed capital account, which should limit contagion to some extent, and unlike the US and Europe, China could use this signifcant fnancial fre power to manage large scale defaults and smooth any fnancial market instability.
Europe
Economic conditons in the Eurozone have improved over the past 12 months, although performance stll varies widely across countries. Weak price growth and lowered infaton expectatons have increased the risk of defaton, promptng further monetary policy easing by the European Central Bank (ECB).
In June, to encourage lending and jumpstart Europes weak economic growth and low infaton, the ECB took the unusual step of cutng the overnight bank deposit rate to below zero. This means that with an interest rate of -0.1%, commercial banks must pay to keep their money at the ECB. The ECB has also indicated that it is looking at adoptng a form of QE where it can purchase non-government asset backed securites, essentally removing these burdens from European banks and freeing up capital for them to lend in material quanttes again.
If the script holds true in Europe as it has in the US and Japan, we should expect to see equity markets in Europe begin to outperform in Euro dollar terms versus other major equity markets around the world, but this should be ofset to some degree by declines in the Euro currency against other major currencies.
At the tme of writng, we are currently assessing several investment opportunites to beter optmise this thesis and expect to make recommendatons in the coming days and weeks to adjust internatonal direct investment client portolios to take advantage of this opportunity.
Australia
In Australia, our economy grew by 2.7% in 2012/2013 and is estmated to grow by 3.0% in 2013/2014. Overall growth has accelerated in the past year, with the March quarterly result surging to 3.5%, largely on the back of mineral exports growth. Iron ore export volumes reached new record highs which has ofset the fall in iron ore prices. Figure 2 - Australia GDP Annual Growth Rate (Source: ABS, Trading Economics)
As Australia moves from the investment phase to the export phase of the mining cycle, it is clear that the best of the boom is now behind us. To ofset a drag on future growth, more heavy lifing from other sectors of the economy is required and there are encouraging signs that this rebalancing is underway. This is partcularly evident in sectors of the economy that are sensitve to interest rates. In the latest March quarter, housing constructon rose at an annualised rate of 8% as investors piled into the local property market.
Following a quarter percent rate cut in August last year, the cash rate stands at a 54-year low of 2.5%, down from 2.75% from June 2013. However, the unemployment rate has contnued to steadily drif higher and is currently at 6.4%, up from 5.8% at the beginning of the year.
Despite the ongoing coverage surrounding job losses, of which ANZ economists predict 75,000 will be lost from the mining sector over the next several years, the impact should be relatvely benign. This is largely due to the expectaton that many foreign workers will return home and constructon UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be?
actvity in a low interest rate environment should contnue to strengthen, in which many skills tend to be easily transferrable.
The real area of concern in Australias employment market is the high youth unemployment rate which is twice the natonal average, at 12.4%. Figure 3- Australian unemployment rate (Source: ABS, Trading Economics)
The Australian Share Market
Headline returns for the Australian share market indicate a very good year with the All Ordinaries rising 12.7% over the 2013/2014 fnancial year, and the Accumulaton index (which includes dividends) generatng a total return of 17.6%. Figure 4 S&P ASX 200 (Source: HUBB - Proft Source)
While the index provided solid headline returns, most of these returns came in the early part of the new fnancial year. Dissectng the numbers a litle further also shows that this return may be a litle misleading as the ASX 200, almost to the day, began the fnancial year recovering from a 10.5% decline between the months of May and June 2013.
Stretching this data set out further, from Mid May 2013, the ASX 200 was up just 3.8% to 30 June 2014 and at the tme of writng sits just 5.7% higher over the past 15 months. Since the start of March of 2013, the ASX 200 index is just 7.4% higher to the date of writng.
There is no doubt that the speed at which the ASX 200 is appreciatng from its lows of 2011 and 2012 has tempered somewhat, however, this should be expected given the Australian market generated a total return of 20.7% in the 2012/2013 fnancial year.
From November 2013 to 30 June 2014, returns have actually been much more modest with the ASX 200 actually postng a small negatve return to 30 June 2014.
The best performing sectors for the past 12 months were Diversifed Financials +34.9%, Consumer Services +18.9% and Banks +16.9%. It was a positve year across nearly all sectors with the only industry to not see a gain being Food, Beverages and Tobacco Manufacturing, -23.0%.
The US Share Market
US stocks made multple new highs over the past 12 months with the S&P 500 index notching its sixth consecutve quarterly rise during the fnancial year and fnishing the calendar year up 19.1% excluding dividends. This is its longest streak of quarterly gains since 1998. Figure 5 - S&P 500 (Source: HUBB - Proft Source)
At the date of writng, US stocks have also tempered their gains this year with the S&P 500 up 5.5% for the year to date and the mega-cap Dow Jones Industrial Average fat for the year so far, up just 0.6%.
All 10 industrial sectors posted gains for the fnancial year with the largest returns coming from Basic Materials +32.6%, Technology +31.6% and Healthcare 30.1%. The only sector not to see double-digit returns over the past 12 months was the Telecommunicatons sector +5.1%.
Other Major Markets
UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be? World share markets have delivered their second consecutve fnancial year of double digit returns. Furthermore, this has been lead by developed markets outperforming emerging markets for the second year running.
Developed countries averaged +22% returns while emerging countries only saw +14%. On a regional basis Europe led the way with +28% as markets bounced back on the slowly improving economic conditons. The recent decision by the European Central Bank to ofer negatve deposit rates also stmulated the European Bourses. Japanese shares underperformed other markets this year afer postng greater than 50% returns in the previous fnancial year.
Australian bond returns were +6.1% for the 2014 fnancial year with returns on government bonds lifing by 5.4%. Returns on dwellings were +14.7% so overall Australia saw bonds, shares and property all rising over the past year.
The Australian dollar was litle changed over the past 12 months, rising 1.6% to US 94.2c and only trading within a range of US 11c. Gold lifed 8% while the commodity index rose nearly 12%.
Economic Outlook
Global actvity has broadly strengthened and is expected to improve further in 2014/2015 with much of the momentum coming from developed economies.
In Australia, the coming year looks to be similar to 2013/2014 with economic growth likely to be around 3% with infaton sitng at the top end of the Reserve Banks target range of 2-3% and unemployment remaining at or above 6%. The current consensus is that the next interest rate movement will be upwards but that the RBA wont start lifing rates untl the frst quarter of 2015. The RBA may hold of any acton for longer if there are delays to the economic recovery outlook.
Risks include pessimism among consumers, partcularly afer the Federal Budget, a relatvely high Australian dollar, slower global growth and a slow rebalance away from mining investment as a driver of economic growth.
The outlook in the US is positve despite the harsh weather disruptng economic growth during the 2013/2014 winter. Fiscal policy drag is likely to have less impact on economic growth this year, with economists predictng the efect of government expenditure cuts and tax increases to decrease GDP growth by only 0.5% in 2014 rather than 1.5-2% in 2013. With infaton well contained, the Federal Reserve is in no rush to lif interest rates in the short term but it is expected they will start to lif rates late in 2015. Actvity will be supported by stronger domestc demand, refectng gains in household net worth and improving business and household confdence.
In China, the trend of weaker economic growth contnues with slowing industrial producton, retail sales and constructon actvity. Although they would not be running too far below their target of 7.5% growth in 2014, the IMF forecast for 7.3% in 2015 assumes that the authorites gradually rein in credit growth and make progress in implementng their reforms in putng the economy on a more sustainable and balanced growth path.
Europe contnues its slow recovery with projected growth in the region of 1.2% in 2014 and 1.5% in 2015, due to an increase in net exports, stabilised domestc demand and from reduced fscal tghtening. The divergence in growth between countries has widened with Germany expanding, Italy contractng and France fat for the frst half of the year. The ongoing concerns are weak credit growth and further declines in the infaton rate.
Outlook for Investment Markets
Developed equity markets, in partcular the US equity market, have registered several strong years of appreciaton on the back of low interest rates, low infaton and signifcant monetary policy interventon. These factors have helped to support markets on sell-ofs and encourage investors into assets which provide beter cash fows than traditonal fxed income assets which are ofering record low income yields.
However, against the backdrop of increased equity market valuatons, the US Federal Reserves antcipated completon of its Quanttatve Easing program and with markets now entering the seasonally weakest months of the year, being September and October, some commentators are suggestng that equity markets are now vulnerable to a signifcant sell-of.
In this secton we examine the three phases of a cyclical bull market to try and gauge how markets are positoned, apply the evidence and form a big picture view to give some guidance as to how we expect to be recommending clients positon their portolios in the months ahead.
Three Phases of a Cyclical Bull Market
In this day and age of technology and innovaton, it is easy to think we are in a world which is much diferent to that which we have seen in the past. But the truth is, human nature is human nature and that will never change. Markets have been and will contnue to be driven by the emotons of fear and greed and even though we have many computers running complex algorithms to help improve our decision making, they are UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be? ultmately designed, developed and programmed around the nuances and biases of human psychology.
Today, as it has been in the past, there is perhaps no greater example of human psychology in acton than in fnancial markets. Numerous studies have shown that over the years, decades and even centuries, collectve human psychology moves through peaks and troughs of optmism to pessimism and back again. But the one constant is that, for all our ills, progress contnues to be made.
So how can we use this paterned behaviour to give us some indicaton of what might lay ahead. Well through careful study and research we know that there are certain stages and phases of progression to a cyclical upswing in stock prices. Each phase can be defned by its own characteristcs and each stage tends to have its own DNA.
So the obvious questons are; what are these phases, what are the key characteristcs and DNA of each stage and what are we observing in todays markets to give us some guidance on how to positon portolios in the months and years ahead.
Phase 1Disbelief and Sceptcism
This phase of any stock market recovery tends to be treated with signifcant sceptcism and fear by investors. Ofen the disaster of the most recent bear market leaves many investors hesitant to move out of cash and into stocks, largely because most investors have only just recently been panicked out of stocks and into cash. Having sold at or near the botom, this investor capitulaton paves the way for ofen strong price recoveries on lower volumes than on the decline, as fewer buyers and sellers brave the market. A lack of sellers rather than an a large infux of buyers, ofen helps see in a signifcant, ofen V shaped bounce in stock prices.
Monetary policy is ofen highly accommodatve, government policy too. Gross Domestc Product is ofen stll negatve for several quarters afer the low in stock prices.
Those that do buy tend to concentrate their buying on only the largest most well-know and fnancially strongest companies. Small-Cap and Mid-Cap companies, although they too recover, as a group they tend to lag investor atenton for the most part. Most of the buying is done in the large capitalisaton secton of the market.
Those that are buyers are ofen professional investors or insiders, known as the smart money. The retail investor is ofen trapped out of this move due to a reluctance to risk further losses or waitng for a pull back in prices that doesnt come. Or when it does, they fear its not the pull back they have been waitng for but a bear market rally before the next leg down begins.
Once this short and sharp recovery completes, these early gains then tend to be met with some form of price correcton. Ofen the correcton in price at the end of this recovery phase can be deep and painful and it can sometmes give back most of the gains that were made during the frst rally phase. But the general market indices will fnd a botom and the botom will be above the bear market low.
Phase 2Broader Acceptance
This second phase of the recovery typically starts once again with the large sized businesses leading the recovery. Monetary policy and government interventon contnues to support the recovery, but gradual improvements are seen in the economy as it moves from bad to less bad. Stock prices and company performance also contnue to improve. Eventually policy makers will begin to look for ways to withdraw support, in the hope the economy and the stock market can support itself. As investors start to look outside the larger companies, investor preference remains towards those which are of the highest quality next ter businesses which tend to be in less economically sensitve sectors.
Eventually governments will look at measures to unwind support for the economy by reducing spending. Monetary policy begins to faten out and over tme interest rates are gradually increased. Investors take these signs to mean that the economy and the fnancial markets are strengthening and this tends to lead to a broadening out of the breadth of companies that are beginning to partcipate in the uptrend. Eventually by the tme this phase completes, mid-cap companies are now leading the market higher in performance while large cap companies, although stll increasing, tend to lag the performance of this next ter of businesses. Second ter markets such as emerging markets tend to fnd investor support and by mid to late in this phase are startng to outperform developed markets such as the US and European markets.
This phase in the bull market will ofen last for the longest period of tme out of all of the three phases, but not always. Eventually, as valuatons become a litle detached from earnings, stock markets will then enter into a phase of correcton/consolidaton, as investors take profts and look for where the next phase of market strength might arise. This correctve phase is ofen characterised by mild oscillatons in peaks and troughs in price, with the net efect that most stocks will tend to have gone nowhere for a period of tme. The correcton generally lasts for between 6 months to 2 years before profts have had a chance to catch up to price, at which stage this then sets the stage for the fnal phase.
Phase 3Euphoria
Comforted by seeing news artcles of rising stock prices and UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be? perhaps all tme record profts in the previous phase of the market, a generally upbeat mood and increasing investor confdence encourages investors to become more daring. They become comfortable with the idea that stock markets are now well in trenched in a bull market and they begin to seek out much riskier stocks. Bio-Tech companies in the early phases of trials and resource companies with only tenements to their name tend to outperform. Commodity prices tend to strengthen as emerging market growth fuels demand for resources as these countries consume resources to build new buildings and infrastructure.
Retailers tend to outperform as the improved economy increases wages and people begin to spend more. The amount of borrowed money for consumpton and investment accelerates and policy makers contnue increasing interest rates in the hope of staving of an uncontrollable economic boom. Eventually investor euphoria peaks around the same tme interest rates get to the point of maximum pain and then the bust cycle begins.
Bull markets always end when central banks end them.
So where are we today?
Using this blue print as our road map, where are we today? At UGC we believe that we have probably just past the middle of Phase 2 of the recovery. In local currency terms, Emerging Markets and Emerging Asia has only just started to outperform developed markets in the past 12 months, but it is clear that much of the gains in stocks from the lows of 2009 have come from the developed world.
Figure 6 Equity returns across various geographic markets (Source: Capital Economics)
While there are concerns that the recovery is weak across the globe, nevertheless there is a recovery underway as evidenced by the upward trends in GDP across the developed world.
This is also consistent with the persistently positve Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) readings across the developed world, where a reading above 50 means the manufacturing industry in that country is expanding. Figure 7 Changes in GDP of developed countries since 2008 (Source: Capital Economics, Markit) Figure 8 Composite PMIs of the US, UK, Japan and the Eurozone since 2010 (Source: Capital Economics, Markit)
Across the developed world, none of the developed economies such as the US, Europe, UK, Australia or Japan have begun raising interest rates. In fact, given recent weak economic fgures in Europe, its likely that the European Central Bank will announce further supportve measures. It is true that rising interest rates kill bull markets, but only afer a period of sustained interest rate rises. In fact, equity markets tend to do quite well in the early phase of an interest rate raising cycle as this is seen as evidence of the economic recovery which is underway and just a normalisaton in interest rates.
Take a look at what happened the last tme the US Federal Reserve began raising interest rates.
UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be?
Figure 9 S&P500 vs. Fed Funds Rate 2004-2007 (Source: Capital Economics, Markit)
Final Thoughts
Today, we believe investng conditons are currently ideal for further stock price gains, albeit with some consolidaton likely in the months ahead. While gains will likely contnue over the next 12 months, its likely that a moderaton in performance across the developed world and large cap companies will begin to occur as investors begin to seek out opportunites in developing markets and Tier 2 and 3 companies. Infaton is benign and interest rates are low and yet to start rising. These are circumstances under which equites generally do quite well.
Large caps have lead the market higher but we expect quality mid-cap stocks to begin leading the market higher shortly as the market broadens out. There is clear evidence that this is now startng to happen in the Australian market as mid-caps are now beginning to lead in recent weeks.
Our direct internatonal equity portolios have generally been invested in large cap companies, but we antcipate an increase into some smaller growth companies over the coming months, taking profts on some large caps. These will stll be very good businesses, but due to their size and industry positon will have the potental for higher revenue and proft growth.
We also expect a move into emerging markets and developed and developing Asia as there is signifcant value being ofered in these markets compared to the US which has led equity market gains over the past 5 years.
As part of our broadening search horizon, we may also look at some selectve purchases of minerals opportunites with improving charts and dirt cheap valuatons ofering an opportunity to take advantage of a Bad to Less Bad investment thesis. These stocks can be partcularly volatle and will be approached with cauton but the conditons are almost ripe for big gains in these heavily beaten down stocks.
Update on United Global Capital (UGC)
On a personal level Im delighted to advise that United Global Capital has now been in operaton for 2.5 years with huge progress being made during that period of tme.
We are also pleased to announce two new additons to our staf this year. The frst being Alexander Shopov, who in April joined UGC in an adviser support role focusing primarily on investment research while he completes his studies towards achieving the Masters of Finance from Melbourne University. Alex is currently on course to fnish these studies at the end of this year. Alex joins UGC afer previously being employed as a graduate mining engineer with Rio Tinto before embarking on a career change into fnance.
We are also pleased to welcome Jeanne Peng, who has only just recently joined the team in August. Jeanne also joins us in an advisor support role but with a focus on technical fnancial strategy advice support. Jeanne joins UGC having successfully completed RMITs Bachelor of Business program, with majors in Economics and Finance. She is also completng Deakin Universitys Masters of Commerce program with a specialisaton in Accountng.
The past 12 months has seen enormous change in our industry with signifcant new regulatons being introduced under the Future of Financial Advice (FOFA) reforms. Upgrading and adaptng to these new regulatons has not been without some challenges, and has slowed the release of your reports this year. However, this upgrade phase has now completed and we do not antcipate any further delays to reports moving forward.
At UGC, in our relatvely short existence, we are proud to be the only advisory frm that we are aware of in Australia that provides fnancial and investment advice in both Australian and internatonal direct equites, Australian and internatonal derivatves and Australian and internatonal direct real estate.
We have invested signifcantly in new technology and research capabilites as well as highly talented staf. Over the short to medium term we will contnue to work towards improving the standard of the delivery of our services, strengthen our investment research capabilites and technical fnancial advisory capabilites, all with a view to delivering frst class results and client experiences.
Id like to take this opportunity to thank you for your contnued support and we look forward to helping you take your next signifcant steps towards fnancial independence.
Joel Hewish B.Bus (Bank & Fin), GDipAppFin, GCertFinPlan Managing Director / Chief Financial Strategist Authorised Representatve No. 416387 UGC Half-Yearly Half-year ended 30 June 2014 Where do you want to be? United Global Capital Pty Ltd, Level 39, 385 Bourke Street, Melbourne VIC Australia 3000
Corporate Authorised representatve (416388) of Avestra Capital Pty Ltd (AFSL 292464)