Management Ethics Companion STD S1, 2013 6255

Facul t y of Busi ness, Gover nment and Law
www. canber r a. edu. au

6255 MANAGEMENT ETHICS PG
(3 credit points)
Companion to the Unit Outline
Semester 1, 2013

Unit Convener
Dr. Lorraine Carey
E-mail: Lorraine.Carey@canberra.edu.au
Phone: 6201 5494
Fax: 6201 5238
Room: 6 D 23
Mailbox No: 12, Building 6, Level B

Australian Government Higher Education (CRICOS)
Registered Provider Number: #00212K
2 of 52
Description and Introduction to the Unit

Good business and effective leadership require not only financial and entrepreneurial
expertise but also ethical competency. Ethical competency is the ability to a) perceive the
ethical implications of a situation, b) engage in sound moral reasoning and c) develop
practical problem solving strategies. This unit provides students with an understanding of
the major ethical theories and exposes them to the ethical issues that arise within the
functional areas of business and management. The unit provides the opportunity to
explore a wide range of contemporary case materials in which managers try to reconcile
the demands of expediency and the demands of principles. The unit aims to assist
students to acquire and develop critical thinking skills required for the successful practice
of business within the framework of societal values. These skills include the ability to
perceive the ethical implications of a situation, engage in sound moral reasoning and
develop practical problem solving strategies. Topics include: ethical theory, corporate
social responsibility, international business and global ethics, whistleblowing, affirmative
action, privacy, marketing, product safety accounting and finance and environmental
protection.

Learning Outcomes

On completion of this unit students should be able to:
recognise important ethical issues that arise in various business contexts and
management practice;
demonstrate an understanding of the ethical, social and economic environments in
which those occur;
apply critical thinking skills required for the successful practice of management
within the framework of societal values;
be confident in introducing ethical considerations into managerial decision making
and explaining their importance to others;
use their ethical imaginations in resolving dilemmas and enhancing business
decision making.

Pre-requisites and/or co-requisites

Completion of first semester of a masters program.

Required Texts

Prescribed Textbook
You must have ready access to the prescribed textbook listed below, which is available
from the bookshop on the University campus.
3 of 52
Carey, L.E. 2013. Business Ethics Managing Values and Corporate Responsibility.
Pearson: Frenchs Forrest, Sydney.
Students are expected to undertake all required reading for the unit.

Recommended Texts
Beauchamp, R.T., Bowie, N.E. & Arnold, D.G. 2009. Ethical Theory and Business (8
th

ed.). Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River: New J ersey (or earlier editions).
OR
Hoffman, W., Frederick, R. & Schwartz, M. 2001. Business Ethics (4
th
ed.). McGraw-Hill:
New York.
OR
Crane, A. & Matten, D. 2010. Business Ethics, Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
AND

Horrigan, B. 2010. Corporate Social Responsibility in the 21
st
Century, Edward Elgar:
Cheltenham, UK.

University of Canberra Library (E-Reserve on-line services)
(Please note you will need your student identification number and password to access
this service. Many articles are available electronically via this url.)
http://docutek.canberra.edu.au/eres/coursepage.aspx?cid=125

You can also access e-reserve via Moodle.

Recommended Reading

The publications listed below are highly recommended for further reading on the topics
covered in the unit. You should also consult them for the research and preparation of
your assignments.

Books
Arnold, D.G., Beauchamp, R.T., & Bowie, N.E. 2013. Ethical Theory and Business (9
th

ed.). Pearson: Upper Saddle River, New J ersey.
Beauchamp, R.T., & Bowie, N.E. 2009. Ethical Theory and Business (8
th
ed.). Prentice
Hall: Upper Saddle River, New J ersey. (or earlier editions)
Blowfield, M. & Murray A. 2008. Corporate Responsibility A Critical Introduction. Oxford:
Oxford, UK.
Boatright, R.R. 2012. Ethics and the conduct of business (7
th
ed.). Prentice Hall, Upper
Saddle River: New J ersey (or earlier editions).
Boss, J . 2011. Ethics for Life A Text with Readings, Mc Graw Hill: New York, NY.
Bowie, N.E. 1999. Business Ethics A Kantian Perspective, Blackwell Publishers: Malden,
MA.
Bowie, N., & Duska, R.F. 1990. Business ethics (2
nd
ed.). Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs,
New J ersey.
Boylan, M. 1995. Ethical issues in business. Harcourt Brace: Fort Worth: Texas.
4 of 52
Bredeson, D.A. & Goree, K. 2012. Ethics in the Workplace (3
rd
. ed.). South Western
Cengage: Mason, OH.
Grobler, P., Bothma, R., Brewster, C., Carey, L., Holland, P. & Warnich, S. 2013.
Contemporary issues in human resource management (4
th
ed.). Oxford: South Africa.
(Chs 8 & 9).
Buchholz, R.A. 1993. Principles of environmental management. Prentice Hall: Englewood
Cliffs, New J ersey.
Buchholz, R.A. 1995. Business environment and public policy (5
th
ed.). Prentice Hall:
Englewood Cliffs, New J ersey.
Burchell, J . (Ed) 2008. The Corporate Social Responsibility Reader. Routledge: London.
Carroll, A.B. 2003. Business & society ethics and stakeholder management (5
th
ed.).
South-Western Publishing Co.: Cincinnati Ohio.
Collins-Chobanian, S. 2005. Ethical Challenges to Business As Usual. Prentice Hall:
Upper Saddle River, New J ersey.
Cooper, D.E. 2004. Ethics for Professionals in a Multicultural World. Prentice Hall: Upper
Saddle River, New J ersey.
Crane, A. & Matten, D. 2010. Business Ethics, Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
Crane, A., Matten, D. & Spence, L. (Eds) 2008. Corporate Social Responsibility.
Readings and Cases in a Global Context. Routledge: London.
De George, R.T. 2010. Business Ethics (7
th
ed.). Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River: New
J ersey.
De George, R.T. 1993. Competing with integrity in international business. Oxford: New
York.
Dejoie, R., Fowler, G., & Paradice, D. 1991. Ethical issues in information systems. Boyd &
Fraser: Boston.
Des J ardins, J .R. 2007. Business Ethics, and the Environment Prentice Hall: Upper
Saddle River, NJ .
Des J ardins, J .R. 2005. Contemporary issues in business ethics (5
th
. ed.). Wadsworth:
Belmont: California.
Des J ardins, J .R. 2011. An Introduction to Business Ethics (4
th
. ed.). McGraw-Hill: Boston,
MA.
Des J ardins, J .R. 2001. Environmental ethics: An introduction to environmental philosophy
(3
rd
.ed.). Wadsworth: Belmont: California.
Donaldson, T. 1989. The ethics of international business. Oxford: NY.
Donaldson, T., Werhane, P.H., & Cording, M. 2002. Ethical issues in business (7
th
ed.).
Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, New J ersey.
Ferrell, O.C., Fraedrich, J ., & Ferrell, L. 2013. Business ethics ethical decision making and
cases (9
th
ed.). Houghton Mifflin: Boston.
Fisher, C., & Lovell, A. 2003. Business Ethics and Values. Pearson: London.
Freeman, S. 2007. Rawls, Routledge: New York, NY.
French, P.A. 1995. Corporate ethics. Harcourt Brace: Fort Worth: Texas.
Fritzsche, D.J . 2005. Business Ethics A Global and Managerial Perspective (2
nd
ed.).
McGraw-Hill: New York.
5 of 52
Gentile, M. 2010. Giving Voice to Values: How to Speak Your Mind When You Know
What's Right Yale University Press: Connecticut.
Ghillyer, A. 2012. Business Ethics Now. McGraw Hill: New York, NY.
Grace, D., & Cohen, S. 2010. Business ethics Australian problems and cases (3
4th
ed.).
Oxford: Melbourne.
Hartley, R.F. 2005. Business Ethics Mistakes and Successes. J ohn Wiley & Sons:
Hoboken, N.J .
Hartman, L.P. & Des J ardins, J . 2011. Business Ethics Decision Making for Personal
Integrity & Social Responsibility (2
nd
ed.). Mc Graw Hill Irwin: New York, NY.
Harvard Business Review 2003. Harvard Business Review on Corporate Responsibility.
Harvard Business School Press: Cambridge, MA.
Hoffman, W., Frederick, R., & Schwartz, M. 2001. Business ethics (4
th
ed.). McGraw-Hill:
New York, NY.
Horrigan, B. 2010. Corporate Social Responsibility in the 21
st
Century, Edward Elgar:
Cheltenham, UK.
J ackson, I., & Nelson, J . 2004. Profits with Principles. Doubleday: New York, NY.
J ohnson, C.E. 2007. Ethics in the Workplace Tools and tactics for Organizational
Transformation, Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA.
J ohnson, D.G. 2001 Computer ethics (3
rd
ed.). Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, New
J ersey.
J ones, C., Parker, M. & Bos, R. 2005. For Business Ethics, Routledge: Oxford.
Kotler, P., & Lee, N. 2005. Corporate Social Responsibility: Doing the Most Good for Your
Company and Your Cause. Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Lagan, A. & Moran, B 2006. 3D Ethics Implementing Workplace Values. eContent
Management: Sydney.
McPhail, K. & Walters, D. 2009. Accounting and Business Ethics, Routledge: Oxford.
McEwan, T. 2001. Managing Values and Beliefs in Organisations, Prentice Hall Financial
Times: Essex, England.
Murphy, P., Laczniak, G., Bowie, N., & Klein, T. 2005. Ethical Marketing. Prentice Hall:
Upper Saddle River, N.J .
Ottensmeyer, E.J ., & McCarthy, G.D. 1996. Ethics in the workplace. McGraw-Hill: New
York, NY.
Paine, L. 2003. Value Shift, McGraw Hill: New York, NY.
Pincus Hartman, L. 2005. Perspectives in business ethics (3
rd
ed.). McGraw-Hill: Chicago.
Pojman, L.P. 2002. Ethical theory (4
th
ed.). Wadsworth: Belmont, California. (Earlier or
later editions are ok.)
Prahalad, C.K., & Porter, M.E. 2003. Harvard Business Review on Corporate
Responsibility. Harvard Business School Press: Boston, MA.
Rachels, J . 2010. The Elements of Moral Philosophy (6
th
. ed or any later edition).
McGraw-Hill: New York, NY.
Richardson, J .E. (Ed.). Annual editions business ethics 2004/05. Dushkin/McGraw-Hill:
Guilford, Conneticut (or earlier or later editions).
Richardson, J .E. (Ed.). Annual editions business ethics 2011/12. Dushkin/McGraw-Hill:
Guilford, Conneticut (or earlier or later editions).
6 of 52
Sharp Paine, L. 2003. Value Shift: Why Companies Must Merge Social and Financial
Imperatives to Achieve Superior Performance. McGraw-Hill: Boston, MA.
Shaw, W.H. 2005. Business ethics (5
th
ed.). Wadsworth: Belmont, California.
Shaw, W.H., & Barry, V. 2006. Moral issues in business (8
th
ed.). Wadsworth: Belmont,
California.
Shaw, W.H., Barry, V. & Sansbury, G. 2009. Moral Issues in business First Asia-Pacific
Edition. Cenage Learning: South Melbourne, Aust.
Singer, P. 1993. A companion to ethics. Blackwell: Oxford, UK.
Smith, N.C., & Quelch, J .A. 1993. Ethics in marketing. Irwin: Boston, MA.
Spence, E., & Van Heekeren, B. 2005. Advertising Ethics. Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle
River, N.J .
Stanwick, P.A. & Stanwick, S.D. 2009. Understanding Business Ethics. Pearson
Education International: Upper Saddle River, New J ersey.
Trevino, L.K., & Nelson, K.A. 2011. Managing Business Ethics Straight Talk About How
To Do It Right (5th ed.). J ohn Wiley& Sons: Hoboken, N.J .
Velasquez, M.G. 2012. Business ethics concepts and cases (7
th
ed.). Prentice Hall: Upper
Saddle River, New J ersey. (or earlier editions)
Vogel, D. 2005. The Market For Virtue: The Potential And Limits Of Corporate Social
Responsibility. The Brookings Institution: Washington, DC.
White, T.I. 1993. Business ethics A philosophical reader. Macmillan: New York, NY.
Wicks, A.C., Freeman, R.E., Werhane, P.H. & Martin, K. 2010. Business Ethics A
Managerial Approach. Prentice Hall: Boston, MA.
Weiss, J .W. 2009. Business Ethics A Stakeholder and Issues Management Approach (5
th
.
ed.). Thomson South-Western: Canada.

Journals
In addition to the use of textbooks, you are required to read relevant articles from refereed
journals. This is particularly important in the research for your assignment preparation.
The following refereed journals publish articles concerning ethical and social issues
related to business and management practice.
Business & Professional Ethics Journal
Business & Society
Business Ethics Quarterly
Business Ethics: A European Review
Journal of Business Ethics
Other scholarly management journals, which publish articles from a variety of disciplines,
often include topics related to business ethics. Some examples include:
Academy of Management Executive
Academy of Management Journal
Academy of Management Review
Administrative Science Quarterly
7 of 52
Business Horizons
California Management Review

Websites
Listed below are a number of websites that provide a wide range of materials including
academic journal articles, current news items and general information related to ethics
and business. While you are encouraged to make good use of the wealth of information
on the internet you are reminded that you must reference your sources and always
paraphrase the words of another author into your own words with the relevant reference.
You should be aware that software programs can detect work copied from the internet.
Work that is directly copied is called plagiarism and is an academic offence normally
resulting in a failed result for the unit. The purpose of an assignment is for you to
demonstrate your understanding of the subject matter relevant to the question. The
marker cannot assess copying as copying fails to demonstrate an understanding of the
subject matter.

http://www.eben.org/ (click on links to take you to other sites at eben)
http://www.essential.org

http://www.scu.edu/ethics

http://www.ethics.acusd.edu
http://www/wen-miner.com/busethics.htm

http://www.bsr.org

http://www.transparency.org/

http://www.cauxroundtable.org/

www.utilitarianism.com/

http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Utilitarianism/

www.utilitarinis.com/glossary.htm

www.utilitarianism.com/jsmill.htm

www.ethicsandbusiness.org/whoweare.htm

http://www.colorado.edu/studentgroups/libertarians/issues/friedman-soc-resp-
business.html

http://web.utk.edu/~philosop/ArnoldGlblCaptl03.pdf

http://www.acir.yale.edu/pdf/EthicalInvestor.pdf (ONLY pages 15 26)

http://www.theamericancollege.edu/pdf/articles/SS-100.pdf

http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~mulligan/Mulligan_moral_mission_of_business.pdf

http://www.csr-asia.com/index.php?cat=7&submit=view

http://www.csr-asia.com/index.php?m=200505

http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/

http://www.business-ethics.org/iberpubcurrent.asp

8 of 52
http://dmoz.org/Business/Management/Ethics/

http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/

http://www.ethicsandbusiness.org/strat1.htm

http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/

http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/J /J o/J ohn_Rawls.htm

http://www.globalethics.org/newsline/members/issue.tmpl?articleid=10299913415176

http://www.fairolympics.org/en/report/olympicreporteng.pdf

http://www.acfonline.org.au/corp_rate/intro.asp

http://www.transparency.org.au/wb/wbconfmelb.htm

http://www.transparency.org.au/wb/wbhome.html

http://www.iep.utm.edu/

http://www.duke.edu/

http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/CSRfiles/Resources.html

http://www.ethicsweb.ca/resources/
http://faculty.frostburg.edu/phil/forum/Kant.htm

http://www.faithnet.org.uk/Philosophy/kant.htm

http://www.pcaw.co.uk

http://www.ecgi.org/

http://www.susdev.co.uk/

http://ethics.iit.edu/codes/

http://www.bsr.org/CSRResources/IssueBriefDetail.cfm?DocumentID=395

http://www.bsr.org/CSRResources/LeadingPerspectives/2006/2006_Summer.pdf

http://www.envirolink.org

http://www.cpaaustralia.com.au

https://secure.ethicspoint.com/domain/media/en/gui/11093/KPMG_Code_of_Conduct_5_0
6.pdf

http://www.kpmg.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/Integrity-Survey-2008-2009.pdf

http://www.kpmg.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/Integrity-Survey-2008-2009.pdf

http://www.transparency.org.au/whistleblowing_links.php

http://www.acfonline.org.au/articles/news.asp?news_id=104

http://www.unglobalcompact.org/AbouttheGC/TheTENPrinciples/index.html

9 of 52
http://images.google.com.au/images?hl=en&source=hp&q=child+labour+statistics&um=1
&ie=UTF-
8&ei=prXBSvq6KoKZkQXc9_C6BQ&sa=X&oi=image_result_group&ct=title&resnum=4

http://www.ethics.org.au/about-us/ethics-services/responsible-business-
practice/index.html

http://www.globescan.com/news_archives/MPExecBrief.pdf

http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/corporations_ctte/corporate_responsibility/report
/index.htm

http://www.wcsr.com/downloads/pdfs/csmemo45.pdf

www.privacy.gov.au

http://www.hreoc.gov.au/about/media/speeches/human_rights/2009/20090316_CSR.html

http://consciouscapitalism.org/resources/documents/

http://www.ausport.gov.au/supporting/ethics/strategies_and_initiatives/research

http://blogs.bcccc.net/author/tim-wilson/

University subscribed databases
The University subscribes to a number of on-line bibliographic databases. These can be
accessed via the University homepage. Select Current Students under Quick Links on
the homepage, then under Studying at UC click on Library. Each of the databases
offers several thousand current journal articles in full text form.

Unit Structure
There will be three hours of class contact each week. All students are expected to attend
one 3 hour weekly lecture/seminar. There are no separate tutorials. It is essential that
students complete the required reading from the unit outline and companion before the
lecture each week. In this manner, students will be able to keep up with the study
schedule and will be prepared to discuss the material during classes.

Assessment

Overall
In order to pass this unit you must complete and submit each item of coursework,
complete the examination and achieve an overall mark of at least 50 per cent of the total
available marks.

10 of 52
Assessment
Item
Length Value Due Date
Addresses Learning
Outcome(s)
Assignment 1 2000 words 30%
Tuesday
April 2
nd
, 2013
8:00pm
1-5
Assignment 2 2000 words 30%
Monday
April 29
th
, 2013
8:00pm
1-5

Examination 3 hours 40%
On-line Moodle
exam (available
6pm Friday, May 24,
2013; due 6pm
Monday, May 27,
2013).
1-5

Examination
The final examination will be take-home, on-line via Moodle. The exam will be made
available to students via Moodle on Friday, May 24, 2013 at 6:00pm. It must be uploaded
to Moodle no later than Monday, May 27, 2013 at 6:00pm. There will be a strict word limit
(indicated on the exam). The deadline is strict and no extensions will be granted. If due
to illness or a valid emergency, a student is granted a deferred exam, that student will sit a
3 hour written exam in the normal UC deferred exam period. Students must apply for a
deferred exam through the normal UC process (see below).

The examination will consist of two sections. Section A will be a series of short answer
questions worth 20 marks. Section B will consist of two (2) essay/case study questions
worth 10 marks each (20 marks for Section B).

Please note the following:
The examination is worth 40 percent of the total available marks.
You must be available to do the exam during the period May 24 to May 27. You
may choose to complete the exam anytime during the period May 24 (6pm) to May
27 (6pm).
The exam will not be made available prior to 6pm on May 24 and cannot be
submitted after 6pm on May 27, 2013. Mark your diaries now!
The best preparation for the exam is consistent work throughout the semester.

Scheduled date of examination
The examination period is May 13, 2013 May 31, 2013 (TBC please check the UC
website). As indicated above, the exam for this unit will need to be completed during the
period May 24-27. You are advised to make any necessary arrangements with employers
now for time off to complete the examination during this time. Your participation at the
scheduled time is not negotiable unless there are exceptional circumstances such as
illness.

11 of 52
Special consideration and deferred examination
In the case of illness or misadventure at the scheduled time of an examination, students
should contact staff in Student Administration as soon as possible (see:
www.canberra.edu.au/student-services). Applications for a deferred examination must go
to Student Administration and not the unit or convener. Students are asked to consult
Studying at the University of Canberra: A Guide to Policies and Procedures available at
http://www.canberra.edu.au/student-services for details of:
the procedures to be followed in the event of student illness during an examination
period;
the procedures by which a student may seek a deferred examination, and
the Academic Boards policy on special consideration in relation to assignments.

Please note, that all requests for a deferred examination must be lodged with Student
Administration and not the unit convener.

Supplementary Examination
Supplementary assessment will take place within the University rules and therefore,
except in special circumstances, a student who fails will not be granted a supplementary
examination. Students who have failed a single unit in their final semester with a final
mark between 45-49%, where the unit is required for course completion, are eligible for a
supplementary examination. Students who are granted a supplementary examination will
sit a 3 hour written exam in the normal UC supplementary exam period. Supplementary
internal assessment is not permitted.

Students should note that when a supplementary examination is granted the highest
grade available is Pass (P).

Assignments
Details of the assignment are provided in the Assignment Topic section of this outline.

Lodging Assignments
1. Please place a hard copy of your assignment in Mailbox 12, Level B, Building 6, on
or before the due date. Lecturers mailboxes are located behind 6B45.

2 You may post your assignment providing it is postmarked on or before the due date
to: Dr. Lorraine Carey, University of Canberra, Canberra ACT 2601. Please do not
send your assignments by e-mail.

3 In addition, please upload your assignment to the assignment drop-box on
Moodle. The electronic copy will also serve as a dated receipt of your assignment.
The electronic copy must be the same as the hard copy. If a hard copy of your
assignment has not been received and there is no record of a Moodle submission, the
assignment will be deemed to have not been submitted.

The marker for this unit will mark your Moodle submission and return your marked
assignment via Moodle. The unit convenor will use the hard copy in the event your
assignment needs to be checked. Please remember you must submit in both formats.

You are required to keep a hard and a soft copy of your assignments as even in the most
perfect of systems, items can sometimes go astray.
12 of 52

Late Assignments and Re-submission Policy
Extensions will only be granted on medical or compassionate grounds. Requests for
extensions should be made in writing to the unit convener prior to the due date. Medical
certificates or other evidence must be attached and must contain information which
justifies the extension sought. Late assignments which have not been granted an
extension will, at the lecturers discretion, be penalised by deducting ten (10) percent of
total marks from the mark which would otherwise be awarded, for each full day overdue.
No re-submission of assignments permitted.

Student Responsibility in Relation to Assessment
If there is any doubt with regard to the requirements of any particular assignments or
assessment procedure, the onus for clarifying the issue rests with the student who should
contact the lecturer about the matter.

Grade Descriptions

High Distinction (HD)
85% and above
Work of outstanding quality on the learning outcomes of
the unit, which may be demonstrated in areas such as
criticism, logical argument, interpretation of materials or
use of methodology. This grade may also be given to
recognise particular originality or creativity.
Distinction (DI)
75 84%
Work of superior quality on the learning outcomes of the
unit, demonstrating a sound grasp of content, together with
efficient organisation and selectivity.
Credit (CR)
65 74%
Work of good quality showing more than satisfactory
achievement on the learning outcomes of the unit, or work
of superior quality on a majority of the learning outcomes
of the unit.
Pass (P)
50 64%
Work showing a satisfactory achievement of the learning
outcomes of the unit.
Fail (NX)
Below 50%
Work showing an unsatisfactory achievement of one or
more learning outcomes of the unit, and not qualifying for
the grade of conceded pass.

University Policy on Plagiarism

Assignments and essay writing are an essential part of the learning process and a vital
medium through which your understanding of the unit can be assessed. The assignment
must therefore be your own work. This does not mean that you should not make
extensive use of the reference material. It does require that whenever you quote or
paraphrase another author, you acknowledge your sources in full. Good scholarship
involves building on and borrowing from the work of others but this use must be
acknowledged.

13 of 52
The University assumes students are honest and expects from students honest work in all
their assignments. Cheating, plagiarism, and falsification of data are dishonest practices
which contravene academic values of respect for knowledge, scholarship and scholars.
These practices devalue the quality of learning, both for the individual and for others
enrolled in the course; they also diminish the reputation of a University course.

It is taken for granted that assignments give evidence of background reading, intelligent
criticism, keen observation and the development of a line of argument to support any
particular stance adopted. It is also assumed that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, each
assignment is totally the work of the individual submitting it and is produced specifically for
the unit in question. You are reminded that plagiarism occurs when:

phrases and passages are used verbatim without quotation marks and without a
reference to the author;
an author's work is paraphrased and presented without a reference;
other students' reports are copied;
reports are written in conjunction with other students, without prior approval;
a report has already been submitted for assessment in another unit.

The University imposes strict penalties on students who are found to contravene the
University plagiarism policy. The Academic Board policy on plagiarism is set out in more
detail in the document, Studying at the University of Canberra: A Guide to Policies and
Procedures. All cases of plagiarism will be referred to the Associate Dean of the Faculty
for resolution. Text-matching software may be used to check plagiarism.

Student Feedback

In this unit, opportunities for feedback are available through:

class participation and interaction with the unit convener and fellow students
emails and personal consultations with the unit convener; and
evaluation and comments on assignments.

Student Responsibility

Students have a responsibility to:
read, understand and respect the rules concerning plagiarism;
avoid all acts which could be considered plagiarism;
familiarise themselves with the conventions of referencing in their discipline;
attend all formal class sessions. Announcements made at scheduled classes are
deemed to be made to the whole group;
provide accurate information about their address and contact details, and to notify
Student Administration of changes as soon as they occur; and
14 of 52
ensure they are correctly enrolled in each unit and that the units are correct for their
course of study.

Workload
The amount of time you will need to spend on studying this subject will depend on a
number of factors including your prior knowledge, learning skill level and learning style.
Nevertheless, in planning your work commitments you should note that for a 3 credit point
subject, the total notional workload over the 13 week semester is assumed to be 150
hours or an average of 10 hours per week. For a 6 credit point subject the total notional
workload over a 15 week semester is assumed to be 300 hours or an average of 20 hours
per week. These hours include time spent in classes.

Costs
The costs of studying this subject include enrolment fees, and a textbook. No additional
costs are expected other than those levied by the Student Association. It is unlikely that
you will exceed your Internet download allocation. To calculate your unit fees see: How do I
calculate my fees?

Special needs
Students who need assistance in undertaking the unit because of disability or other
circumstances should inform their Unit Convener or the Disabilities Office as soon as
possible so the necessary arrangements can be made (see
http://www.canberra.edu.au/accessability).

Withdrawal from a Unit

Students who wish to withdraw from a unit without academic or financial penalty must do
so before the Universitys official census date (see http://www.canberra.edu.au/student-
services/important-dates for confirmation of the date). To withdraw from a unit after
census date with financial penalty, but with a NW result rather than a NX result, you must
do so before the specified date on the above website.

To withdraw from a unit you must submit an Enrolment Amendment Form to Student
Administration. It is not sufficient to simply tell your unit or course convenor. Forms are
available at www.canberra.edu.au/student-services (click on forms). This website also
has further information about withdrawal dates.

Authority of this Unit Outline

Any change to the information contained in this document, will be made by the unit
convener if the agreement of students has been obtained; and if written advice of the
change is then forwarded to each student enrolled in the unit at their registered term
address. Any individual student who believes him/herself to be disadvantaged by a
change is encouraged to discuss the matter with the Unit Convener.

15 of 52

University of Canberra Policies, Procedures and Student
Services

This subject outline must be read in conjunction with:
(a) Studying at the University of Canberra: A Guide to Policies and Procedures which
sets out University-wide policies, services and information which is available from
Divisional Offices, the Students Association, the Student Centre and at
http://www.canberra.edu.au/student-services.
(b) Guide to Student Services at the University of Canberra which is available from
Divisional Offices, the Students Association, the Student Centre and at
http://www.canberra.edu.au/student-services.

16 of 52
Assignment Topic

Assignment 1

Due Date: Tuesday, April 2
nd
, 2013 (8:00pm) by Moodle assignment drop box and a
hard copy to mailbox #12, building 6, level B.
Late assignments will be penalised.
Please put your name and student id number on the cover page (a cover
page is on Moodle). Be sure to submit your assignment as a word
document (no pdf files).
Length: 2000 words including in-text references (which must be used), but
excluding the end reference list. No additional leeway; penalties for over
2000 words apply. Please use double spacing, 12 pt font and allow a
wide margin.
Value: 30% of total available marks
Topic: Ethical theory and its application to the case study, The OK Tedi Copper
Mine (see below or Carey, 2013:377-381).
Aim:

Question:

Notes:
1.

Students are to demonstrate a sound understanding of the ethical
theories and concepts covered in the topics listed below and their
relevance to the case study below.

1. Utilitarianism
2. Kantian deontology
3. J ustice (3a Rawls and 3b Nozick)
4. Rights
5. Normative ethical relativism.

Read the case, The OK Tedi Copper Mine (see below or page of your
textbook 377).

Firstly, explain and discuss each of the five theories listed above.
Secondly, use each of these theories to highlight ethics issues that need
to be addressed in evaluating from an ethical perspective, the decisions
made by both BHP and the government of Papua New Guinea.

Finally, what conclusions can you draw about business ethics in theory
and practice?

It is recommended that you integrate the application into the theory
section of your essay, e.g., after explaining and discussing utilitarianism,
immediately discuss ethics issues regarding the case from a utilitarian
perspective, rather than having all the application at the end of the essay.
However, either way is an option.

This is a major piece of assessment which will require sustained reading,
reflection and writing. It is strongly recommended that you commence
your assignment in Week 1 of the teaching period and consistently
develop it as each topic is covered on a week-by-week basis. Failure to
prepare is to be prepared to fail!
17 of 52

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Your essay must demonstrate a sound understanding of each of the
ethical theories and their application to business practice. Be sure to
weight your word limit in line with the marking allocation shown on the
feedback sheet.

Your application of theory to business practice must demonstrate strong
skills in analysis. Application or using ethical theory to identify ethics
issues requires more than simply stating, for example, increased
environmental damage.

You are expected to conform to high standards of literacy and academic
practice, including literature research and full documentation of sources.
This means you must use references in your essay and you must cite
those references both in the text and in an end reference list. Failure to
do so is likely to result in a failed paper. Please use the author-date
method which is explained in this Companion (pp34-36). Be sure to
express the ideas you read about in your own words, but acknowledge
their source by citing the reference. Avoid direct quotes as they do not
demonstrate to the marker your understanding of the concepts and
reading material. Direct quotes attract no marks.

High standards of literacy means that your paragraphs should be well
developed (not one sentence!). If you do not know how to construct a
paragraph or essay, then please visit the Academic Skills Centre (see
http://www.canberra.edu.au/studyskills). If you do not know how to access
electronic journals, please see the library staff for a training session.

Your essay should have a brief introduction (an introduction should be
more than a summary in the future tense) and a solid conclusion (note a
conclusion is not a summary in the past tense). The conclusion can
relate back to the introduction. See page 32 of this Companion.

Do not waste words by simply restating sections from the case article.

Your essay will be checked for plagiarism. Plagiarised essays will
receive a mark of zero and will be referred to the Faculty Associate Dean.

18 of 52

Assignment 1 Evaluation Criteria: Management Ethics PG
Name:
Mark and Grade: /30
Comments:

Area of evaluation
Mark
Available
Mark
Achieved
Comment (if applicable)
Explanation, discussion
and application of
utilitarianism Theory =4
Application (identification
of issues & analysis) =3
7

and application of
Kantianism
Theory =4
7

and application of justice
Rawls 4 (2+2) Nozick 2
(1+1)
(Theory +identification of
issues & analysis)
6

and application of rights
Theory =2
4

and application of
normative ethical
relativism
Theory =1
2

Introduction (1) and
conclusion (3)
4

Note, sound argumentation, academic integrity and use of resources/literature are
included in the marking.
19 of 52
The OK Tedi Copper Mine
Velasquez, M.G. 2012. Business Ethics: Concepts & Cases (7
th
ed.). Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle
River, N.J . (pp243-297). Alternatively, see the case in your textbook P377-381.

20 of 52
21 of 52
22 of 52
23 of 52
24 of 52

Assignment Topic

Assignment 2

Due Date: Monday, April 29
th
, 2013 (8:00pm)
Late assignments will be penalised.
See page 12 for how to lodge your assignment. Be sure to submit your
assignment to Moodle as a word document (no pdf files please).
Length: 2000 words (no leeway; penalties for exceeding the word limit apply).
Please use double spacing, 12 pt font and allow a wide margin.
Topic: Corporate Responsibility
Aim: Students are to demonstrate a sound understanding of the three
viewpoints on corporate responsibility: the classical economic view
(exemplified by Milton Friedman), the socio-economic view (the duty to
prevent harm within the Kew Garden Principles) and the broad social
view (the duty to contribute to society within the KGP). Students should
also demonstrate knowledge of the literature on corporate responsibility
(including the required readings for this topic shown in the Companion)
and its application to business practice.

Question

Notes
1.

2.

Read the case study, Drug Company Monopolies and Profits (see
below). Firstly, what do the three viewpoints of corporate responsibility
(CR) imply with respect to the ethical obligations of the pharmaceutical
companies and the extent to which they met these obligations?

Secondly, review the website of the pharmaceutical company, Pfizer,
(http://www.pfizer.com/home/) or Johnson & Johnson
http://www.jnj.com/responsibility/esg and comment on Pfizers or
Johnson & Johnsons initiatives regarding corporate responsibility. Your
comments should be of an analytical nature, not descriptive. There are
no marks for simply re-tying passages from the website. Your analysis
should consider how well Pfizer or Johnson & Johnson meet the
responsibilities advocated by the three viewpoints (and literature) on CR
through their corporate ethics programs as advocated in their corporate
responsibility reports and websites.

Finally, given your review of the literature and analysis of the case, what
do you think is the social responsibility of business?

Be sure to weight your word limit in line with the marking allocation
shown on the feedback sheet.

Be sure to read the required readings for the topic of CSR/CR as shown
in this Companion and to make use of the recommended reading shown
in the Companion, as well as the numerous articles readily available
25 of 52

3.

4.

5.

6

7

through your own searches of the UC library electronic journal database.
No marks for simply retelling Simon et als (1976) case that occurred in
the Kew Gardens.

Your application of theory to business practice must demonstrate strong
skills in analysis. Application requires more than simply describing an
example.

You are expected to conform to high standards of literacy and academic
practice, including literature research and full documentation of sources.
This means you must use references in your essay and you must cite
those references both in the text and in an end reference list. Failure to
do so is likely to result in a failed paper. Please use the author-date
method. Be sure to express the ideas you read about in your own words,
but acknowledge their source by citing the reference. Avoid the use of
direct quotes as they do not demonstrate to the marker your
understanding of the concepts and reading material. Direct quotes
attract no marks. If you do not know how to access electronic journals,
please see the library staff for a training session.

High standards of literacy means that your paragraphs should be well
developed (not one sentence!). If you do not know how to construct a
paragraph or essay, then please visit the Academic Skills Centre in
building 1. Your essay should have a strong, but brief introduction and a
strong conclusion (not a summary!).

Your essay should have a brief introduction (an introduction should be
more than a summary in the future tense) and a solid conclusion (note a
conclusion is not a summary in the past tense). The conclusion can
relate back to the introduction. See page 32 of this Companion.

Do not waste words by simply restating sections from the case article or
website or using direct quotes. There are no marks for doing so.

Your essay will be checked for plagiarism. Plagiarised essays will
receive a mark of zero. See pages 34-36 for how to reference (author-
date method).

26 of 52

Assignment 2 Evaluation Criteria: Management Ethics PG
Name:

Mark and Grade:

/30
Comments:

Area of evaluation
Mark
Available
Mark
Achieved
Comment
(if applicable)
Explanation of the narrow view of
CSR and application to case.
Your explanation must show
knowledge of the relevant
literature and your application
must have arguments that are
well developed and logically
presented.
7
(4+3)

Explanation of the socio-economic
view of CSR (including the moral
minimum and affirmative duty to
prevent harm within the Kew
Garden Principles) and
application to the case.
presented.
7
(4+3)

Explanation and evaluation of the
broad maximal view of CSR
(solve social problems view) and
application to the case.
presented.
5
(3+2)

Analysis of the operationalisation
of corporate responsibility at
Pfizer or Johnson & Johnson.

7
Introduction (1)
Conclusion (3)

4
27 of 52

Drug Company Monopolies and Profits
Sources:
Velasquez, M.G. 2012. Business Ethics: Concepts & Cases (7
th
ed.). Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle
River, N.J . (p212).
http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2006/nov/14/internationalaidanddevelopment.medicineandhealth (accessed
J anuary 17, 2013).

Drug companies in the United States are granted a patent on any new pharmaceutical
drug they develop, which gives them a monopoly on that drug for 20 years. Not
surprisingly, high monopoly profits (i.e., profits well beyond the average rate of profits in
other industries) are characteristic of the pharmaceutical industry. In a 2003 study entitled
The Other Drug War II, Public Citizens Congress Watch noted that during the 1970s and
1980s, drug companies in the Fortune 500 had average profit rates (as a percent of
revenues) that were double the average for all other industries in the Fortune 500. During
the 1990s, drug company profit rates averaged 4 times the average profit rates of all other
industries, and during the first years of the twenty-first century, drug company profit rates
were about 3 times the rates of other industries.

According to the U.S. Census Bureaus Quarterly Financial Reports, in the first quarter of
2007 and 2008, average drug company profit rates were about 3 times the average for all
other manufacturing companies. In the first quarter of 2009, average drug company profit
rates were close to 7 times the average for all other manufacturing companies, and in the
first quarter of 2010, they averaged close to 3 times the average of other manufacturing
companies. In 2010, J ohnson & J ohnson made a profit of $13.3 billion, the highest in the
U.s. pharmaceutical industry.

Drug companies say they need these profits to cover the costs of research for new drugs.
But while drug companies put only 14 percent of their revenues into research, they siphon
off 17 percent of their revenues into dividends they hand out to shareholders and plow 31
percent into advertising and administration.

A study of drug manufacturing costs (see www.rense.com/general54/preco.htm) found
that prescription drugs have mark-ups of 5,000 percent, 30,000 percent and 500,000
percent over the cost of their ingredients. The ingredients in 100 tablets of Norvasc,
which sold for $220, cost 14 cents; of Prozac, which sold for $247. 11 cents; of Tenormin,
which sold for $104, 13 cents; of Xanax, which sold for $136, 3 cents and so on.

28 of 52
The UK Guardian newspaper reported that people in developing countries are needlessly
dying because drug companies and the governments of rich countries are blocking the
developing world from obtaining affordable medicines. The reports states that Indian
generics firms make most of the cheap drug cocktails that are now being rolled out to
people with HIV in Africa and are keeping more than a million people alive. They brought
the price of a basic three-drug cocktail down from $10,000 (5,250) a year to less than
$150 (79). However, new Aids drugs will soon be needed because the virus will become
resistant to the basic ones now in use - as has happened in the EU and the US. Those
newer Aids drugs, together with drugs for cancer and diabetes, are under patent.

The US has pursued its own free trade agreements with developing countries, tying them
into tight observance of patent rights. A report by Oxfam says that, "the US has also
pressured countries for greater patent protection through threats of trade sanctions" and
that drug firms are fighting to have patents observed. For example, Pfizer is challenging
the Philippines government in a bid to extend its monopoly on Norvasc, a drug pressure
drug. Novartis is engaged in litigation in India to enforce a patent for Glivec, a cancer
drug, which could save many lives if it were available at generic prices and three-quarters
of HIV drugs are still under monopoly and unaffordable in poor countries. Oxfam also
reported that more than 75% of those who need HIV treatment urgently in developing
countries, are still not getting it. Only 8% of children with HIV are on drugs, which cost
four times more than those for adults.

29 of 52
30 of 52

Final Examination

Take home exam via Moodle

Start Date:

Due Date:
Friday, May 24
th
, 2013 (6:00pm) The exam will not be available prior.

Monday, May 27
th
, 2013 (6:00pm)
Late examinations will not be accepted. Moodle will not accept
examinations after the due time and date.
Be sure to submit your assignment to Moodle as a word document (no
pdf files please).

Length: Strict word limits will apply and will be indicated on the exam. Please
use double spacing and 12 pt font.
Topics: All topics as set out in this Companion are examinable.
The exam will be in two sections. Section A will consist of several short
answer questions (approx 5 questions of 100 words each, to be
confirmed on the exam). Topics will be drawn from topics 2 7 of the
study schedule at the end of this Companion. Section B will require two
short essays / case studies (approx 650 words each, to be confirmed on
the exam). Topics will be drawn from topics 8 12 of the study schedule.
To prepare for the examination, please review the questions and cases in
the Seminar and Self-Directed Learning Program and your textbook.
Notes: Students should answer all questions in their own words. Passages
copied directly from sources, even if in quotation marks and referenced,
will not receive marks. You must demonstrate your understanding of the
concepts and your ability to apply them to practice.

Generally the emphasis of exam questions will be on the application of
key concepts to practice and case studies.

While the exam questions do not require a literature review, general
referencing and high standards of academic integrity should be followed.

As with normal examinations, the take home exam will not be returned to
students, but will be stored in accordance with UC policy.

A Checklist for Preparing Assignments

You are enrolled in an academic course and you are expected to meet academic
conventions with regard to presentation, literacy, level of analysis, and provision of
evidence to support points made in developing a line of reasoning and analysis. You are
also required to meet the format requirements for this unit which require that the
assignments be submitted in typed form. To avoid problems and disappointments, it is
strongly recommended that you take account of the following issues throughout the
preparation of your assignment.

1. Comprehensiveness
Have you addressed all aspects of the assignment tasks (read each task carefully)?

2. Synthesis and Use of the Research Literature
Have you carefully selected a wide range of texts and journals for your assignment
preparation? Have you used the literature to explore the topic and as evidence to
support the points you make?
Reliance on your own experiences and observations will not satisfy the assessment
requirements for this unit. You must use the research literature. However, the
descriptive retelling of source material alone, is insufficient. You are expected to
demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of the literature by using the
literature to argue your points of view in relation to the scenario. Be sure to use your
own words to present the ideas you have obtained from the literature and to cite
your sources. Direct quotes generally do little to demonstrate your understanding of
the source material and are often regarded as very weak evidence. Quotations if
used, should be accurately quoted, referenced and interpreted.

3. Analysis
Have you moved beyond simple descriptions? From the theoretical foundations,
have you drawn conclusions, and insights which address the assignment tasks? To
undertake an analysis you have to answer the questions: So what?; What does it
all mean in relation to my point of view?. Based on your analysis you must make
some logical conclusion/s. Without a conclusion your analysis is incomplete.
Analysis does not come by just descriptively listing the views of the various writers;
you must break down their arguments and look for the strengths and weaknesses in
each. If you have read widely, many of those strengths and weaknesses will have
been highlighted for you in the other papers you have read.

4. Application
Have you demonstrated skills in applying theory to practice?

5. References
In-text: Using the author-date method of referencing, have you correctly cited all the
authors whose work you have drawn upon? (See this unit outline for the required
referencing style.)
Reference List: Have you correctly listed all references used in the body of your
work in an end reference list, featured on a separate page? Note that a Bibliography
is not required.

31 of 52
6. Structure of Discussion
Is your essay well organised? Does it have an introduction, a body of argument and
evidence, and a conclusion?
Introduction: What is your short answer to the question?
The introductory statement or thesis identifies the topic of the
essay, indicates a position with regard to the question, and
suggests the line of reasoning that will be developed in the essay.
The final form of the introduction will probably be written last.
Body of essay: How did you arrive at your answer?
What is your line of reasoning? Your evidence?
The body of the essay should develop and support your
introductory statement by making points that support the
statement and providing evidence in support of those points (for
example, research findings, expert opinions, data, examples,
etc.). The stringing together of quotes is not a line of reasoning
nor is jotting down points under sub-headings. Sub-headings in
an essay are very useful and you are encouraged to use them,
however an essay can and must be able to be understood
without them. As the author, you are responsible for ensuring that
your line of reasoning and your evidence is readily
comprehensible to the reader; it is not the readers responsibility
to do your thinking for you. Also, material presented in the body
of the essay should be explained and critically evaluated.
Conclusion: What should the reader conclude from what you have presented?
A conclusion draws together and summarises the ideas and line
of reasoning presented in the essay and makes some meaningful
statement with regard to the thesis as it has been developed in
the essay.

7. Literacy
Have you checked spelling, punctuation, grammar, inclusive language, and
sentence and paragraph formation? One sentence does not normally make a
paragraph. Good paragraphs will contain transitional sentences which clearly state
how you move from one theme to the next.

8. A final check
If someone was to read your assignment could they:
tell you what the task is you are attempting to address?
explain what they saw as your major points and conclusion?
be persuaded by the evidence you present and the line of reasoning you
offered to support your conclusions?

32 of 52
Presentation of Coursework
Guidelines for the presentation of written work

Key points to observe

1. The essay is to be typewritten or word processed.
Typed essays demonstrate a commitment to academic standards.

2. Type on one side of the page.

3. Leave a generous margin on the left hand side of the page.

4. Always use double spacing.

5. Aim for a simple, clear and direct writing style.
Use one point per sentence.
Complete sentences should always be used.
Each paragraph should cover only one main idea or a set of closely connected
ideas.
Headings and sub-headings can be used to make the underlying structure of
the analysis clearer.
A "chatty" or "journalistic" style should be avoided. The first person (I,we)
should be avoided in favour of an impersonal style (the evidence suggests
that...)
Spelling, grammar and other elements of expression will be considered in the
assessment.

6. Avoid many of the problems of poor presentation by drawing up a plan and
preparing one or more preliminary drafts before writing the final version of the
report. Proof read your final typed version.

7. Use gender neutral language. This is most easily achieved by using the plural
form, for example, using "they" instead of "he". Thus, "A worker faced by new
technology may feel that his skills are being devalued" can be re-stated as, "Workers
faced by new technology may feel their skills are being devalued."

8. Appendices to the report should contain any additional information which you
regard as important (e.g. graphs, tables, questionnaires). Appendices should be
referred to in the text and should be numbered and sequenced in the same order as
they appear in the text.

9. Pages should be numbered and the entire report securely stapled. Plastic covers
and the like are cumbersome and unnecessary.

10. One copy of the report (hard and electronic) and all material submitted, should be
made and retained. In the event your assignment is lost, it will be your
responsibility to be able to immediately supply a replacement copy.

33 of 52
11. All sources of information and ideas are to be acknowledged. References in the
report should be cited by author and date of publication.
Example
Beauchamp & Bowie (2004) suggest .......
OR
It has been suggested (Beauchamp & Bowie, 2004) that ......

12. A reference list must be included on a separate page at the conclusion of your
essay. Present the list of references in alphabetical order. In the list of references
presented at the end of the essay, cite journal articles and books in the manner of
the sample references given below.
In your reference list, name only those authors that have been referred to in the
essay. Do not list any additional reading whose author you have not named in the
essay.
Failure to cite your sources in the body of your essay, along with the absence
of an end reference list, will normally lead to a failed grade for your
assignment.

13. Make sure you know exactly what is required and that you answer the question
according to these requirements. If in doubt, see your lecturer.

The use of quotations
Students often feel that other authors have expressed ideas and arguments more
eloquently than they can themselves. In the most extreme cases, a student's report may
consist of little more than a string of direct quotations. This makes it difficult, if not
impossible, for the marker to determine how well the student has understood the material
and often leads to failure. You are required to not only demonstrate your familiarity with
the literature, but also to demonstrate your understanding of the material by giving an
explanation in your own words with the appropriate citation. Use verbatim quotes
sparingly and only when they are really "spot on".

Referencing
The Faculty of Business and Government requires you to use the Author/Date (Harvard)
style of referencing. This style, rather than the footnote system, allows readers to
immediately see your source of information and saves the writer the trouble of adjusting
footnotes to the page. There are minor variations in style but you should aim for
consistency. The most important point is the author and date of the reference should
appear in brackets in the text. A reference is necessary when:
a. Another writer is directly quoted.
b. The ideas of another writer are reported or rephrased.

To reference a book:
If you are citing a general idea from another writer, but in your own words, in your essay
write,
Bowie (2000) suggests ....... OR
It has been suggested (Bowie, 2000) that ........ OR
Beauchamp & Bowie (2004) argue ...... OR
It has been argued .................. (Beauchamp & Bowie, 2004).

If you are giving a direct quote you should also include the page number in the brackets
after the quote and the quote should be in quotation marks.
34 of 52
Example
In discussing the conversion of farmland traditionally used for the supply of local food
crops, to export crops causing malnutrition for the host population, Dobson notes that
"multinational corporations control 80 percent of the world's land cultivated for export-
oriented crops" (Dobson, 2002: 21). OR
Dobson (2002) says it is disquieting to note that "multinational corporations control 80% of
the world's land cultivated for export-oriented crops" (p.21).

Then, in your reference list at the end of your essay where sources are presented in
alphabetical order by surname (i.e. last name) of first author show:
Author(s) surname(s), then initials of given names
Year of publication
Title of book (italics and bold)
Place of publication
Publisher
Example
Dobson, J .L. 2002. Ethics and global corporate culture. New York: Oxford University
Press.

To reference multiple sources:
Multiple references to a single author should be cited in the following manner:
De George (1993, 1999) suggests that ......
Reference to multiple authors should be cited by listing within brackets, and in
alphabetical order, the surname of each author and the date of publication. For example,
Some authors (De George, 1999; Velasquez, 2002) have noted that ......

To reference a chapter in an edited book, or an article in a journal:
In your essay write the same details, e.g.
Duska, (1998) suggests .... OR It has been suggested .... (Duska, 1998).
In the list at the end of the essay you need to give the page numbers on which the article
appeared.
Example
Duska, R. 1998. Whistleblowing and employee loyalty. In Beauchamp, T. & Bowie, N.
(Eds.), 2004 Ethical Theory and Business (5
th
ed.). Englewood Cliffs, New J ersey:
Prentice Hall pp299-303.
For a journal article, write:
Author(s) surname(s), then initials
Year of publication
Article title (not in inverted commas)
J ournal name (italics and bold)
Volume No.
Pages on which article appeared.
Example
Small, M.W. 2002. Attitudes towards business ethics held by Western Australian students:
A comparative study. Journal of Business Ethics, 11: 745752.

35 of 52
To reference an author's work found in a secondary source:
(such as when you read a text with a reference to another author)

Donaldson (1997, cited in DeGeorge, 1999) suggests that ......
In the reference list at the end of your essay cite the secondary source only (i.e. De
George). Do not list the primary source (i.e. Donaldson).

To reference an electronic document:
Electronic document references should, at a minimum, include the authors name, if
known; the full title of the document; the full title of the work it is part of, if there is one; the
ftp, http, or other address (URL); and the date the document was accessed.
Examples
Kravchyna, V. & Hastings, S. K. 2002. Informational value of museum web sites. First
Monday, 7 (2): http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue7_2/kravchyna.
Becker, E. 2002. Raising Farm Subsidies, U.S. Widens International Rift. New York
Times on the Web.
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/15/international/europe/15FARM.html, 17 J une.

Punctuation style for references:
Please refer to the punctuation used in the above examples.

AIM (Academic Integrity Module

The ability to reference correctly is essential knowledge for success at university. The
University has an Academic Integrity Module (AIM) which teaches you how to refer to
sources ethically and appropriately. To access the AIM site please contact
Garry.Collins@canberra.edu.au or the Academic Skills Program.

36 of 52
Lecture Outline

This section provides a brief description of the topics to be covered in this unit as well as
the required readings from your prescribed text. Students must read the relevant chapters
from the prescribed textbook for each topic. Other texts have also been identified for
reading each week. These readings will help to clarify and expand on points, as well as
introduce new perspectives and applications.

A number of journal articles have also been listed under each topic. Students are not
expected to read each of these readings, however, you are expected to read one or two
for each topic. These journal readings and additional texts will provide excellent research
material for your assignment topic and you should access several of them when writing
your second assignment essay. If you are not able to locate the journal readings in the
library, then you should conduct your own literature search.

TOPIC 1. Introduction: Fundamental Issues and Concepts
Management Ethics is the study of what constitutes right and wrong, good and bad,
human conduct in a business context. It is essentially the study of ethical management
and the management of ethics. In this introductory lecture, the myth of amoral business
will be briefly discussed along with the relation of business ethics to economics and the
law. Economic relationships between manufacturers and consumers, employers and
employees, managers and shareholders, members of corporations and members of the
communities in which those corporations operate, are seen to have a moral dimension.
Whereas the economic dimension is concerned with profits, productivity and development,
the moral or ethical dimension raises questions such as:
Does business have responsibilities beyond profit making?
Are gift giving and bribery ethically permissible in countries where they are widely
practiced?
What responsibility does a corporation have to ensure equality of opportunity in its
hiring and promotion policies?
Under what circumstances is an employee required to blow the whistle?
At what point does exaggeration in advertising become deception?
Should manufacturers reveal product defects?
What is the effect of a particular action on the environment?
Is the use of privileged information by employees or managers immoral?
Two major theories of ethics are introduced as the basis for analysis of ethical issues and
ethical decision-making.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 1 (De George, 2010 Ch 1).
Unit outline and Moodle site

Recommended Reading:
Boatright, J .R. (2000 or 2003 or 2007). Ethics and the conduct of business . Prentice Hall,
Englewood Cliffs: New J ersey, Ch. 1.
Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell (2008) Ch. 1.
37 of 52

Piper, T.R. (1993). Rediscovery of Purpose. In Clark, G.L. & J onson, E.P. (1995).
Management Ethics. Harper Educational, Pymble, Australia, pp19-24.
Hoffman, W.M., Frederick, R.E. & Schwartz, M.S. (2001). Business ethics readings and
cases in corporate morality (4
th
ed.). McGraw-Hill: Boston, 87-95.
Gupta, J .L. & Mohamed, S. (1996). Ethical orientations of managers in Malaysia, Journal
of business ethics, 15, 7: 7735-745.
Shaw & Barry, Ch 1 (pages 1-26 and pages 252-258).
Beauchamp & Bowie, Ch 1 (pages 1-17).
Velasquez (any edition), Ch. 1.
Werhane, P.H. & Moriarty, N. 2009 Moral Imagination and Management Decision Making.
Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics available at: http://www.corporate-
ethics.org/
http://moral.wjh.harvard.edu/
KPMG 2008-2009 Integrity Survey see:
http://us.kpmg.com/RutUS_prod/Documents/8/IntegritySuvey08_09.pdf
De George, Richard T. (2005) A History of Business from the website of the Markkula
Center for Applied Ethics,
http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/conference/presentations/busin
ess-ethics-history.html (also provides links to a vast array of business ethics resources)

Why do Good People Do Bad Things? http://www.svnacd.org/Ethics.html (podcast)
Giving Voice to Values http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YlpBywBprBA

TOPIC 2. Ethical Theory: Utilitarianism
The central question at stake is, What constitutes an acceptable standard for business
practice and by what authority is the standard acceptable? To answer this question, we
turn to normative ethics which is the branch of moral philosophy that analyses the criteria
used to evaluate what actions are right or just. The most important theories in
normative ethics are the teleological and deontological viewpoints. Teleological theories
are concerned with the beneficial or harmful consequences of an action. The focus of our
discussion will be utilitarianism. Utilitarianism argues that the right action is that which
brings about the greatest good for the greatest number which can be derived by taking
account of all the consequences on all those effected by the action. Act and rule
utilitarianism will be considered.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 3 (De George, 2010 Ch 3).
Pettit, P. (1993). Consequentialism. In Singer, P. (Ed.). A companion to ethics.
Blackwell, 230-240 (or any edition).

38 of 52
See the section on Utilitarianism in any of the recommended texts shown above (P4+) eg:

Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz
Shaw & Barry
Velasquez
Beauchamp and Bowie
Boatright
Rachels
Collins-Chobanian, p19-28
Pojman,

Goodin, R. Utility and the good. In Singer, P. (Ed.). A companion to ethics. Blackwell.

www.utilitarianism.com/
http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Utilitarianism/
www.utilitarinis.com/glossary.htm
www.utilitarianism.com/jsmill.htm

TOPIC 3. Ethical Theory (ii) Kantian Deontology
The deontological position, that actions are morally right or wrong independent of their
consequences, will be presented. In particular, Kants ethics with his categorical
imperative and his emphasis on free will, universality, moral motivation and respect for
persons will be explored. The implications of teleological and deontological frameworks
for decision making in business organisations will be raised.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 4 (De George, 2010 pages 61-71).

ONeill, O (1993). "Kantian ethics". In Singer, P. (Ed.). A companion to ethics: 175185.
Blackwell. OR
O Neill, O A simplified Account of Kants Ethics in Collins-Chobanian, p28-43.
Davis, N. (1993). Contemporary deontology. In Singer, P. (Ed.). A companion to ethics:
205281. Blackwell.

Section for Kant from any of the recommended texts or
Rachels
Boatright
Shaw & Barry
Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz
Velasquez
Beauchamp & Bowie
Bowie
Frederick
http://faculty.frostburg.edu/phil/forum/Kant.htm
http://www.faithnet.org.uk/Philosophy/kant.htm
http://www.springerlink.com/content/u1j2p2t142547028/fulltext.pdf
www.doaj.org/doaj?func=abstract&id=686969 (ethical considerations in sports management)

39 of 52

TOPIC 4. Ethical Theory (iv) Justice
Nonconsequentialists (deontologists) generally emphasis matters of justice and moral
rights. J ustice involves the notions of fairness, equality and desert. The egalitarian
(Rawls), libertarian (Nozick) and utilitarian theories of how best to achieve economic
justice will be addressed.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 5 (De George, 2010 pages 76-81; 152-154; 87-96).

Prasad, A. 2008. Towards a system of global ethics in international business: a Rawlsian
manifesto. Management Decision 46, 8:116-1174. (E-reserve)

Cohen, M.A. 2010. The Narrow Application of Rawls in Business Ethics: A Political
Conception of Both Stakeholder Theory and the Morality of Markets. Journal of Business
Ethics 97:563-579. (E-reserve)
Lindblom, L. 2011. The Structure of a Rawlsian Theory of J ust Work. Journal of Business
Ethics, 101:577-599.
Collins-Chobanian, p55-64.
Shaw & Barry, Ch 3.
Smart, Distributive J ustice and Utilitarianism in Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz.

Relevant pages on justice from:
Velasquez
Beauchamp & Bowie, for example, Rawls, An Egalitarian Theory of J ustice
Nozick, The Entitlement Theory
DeGeorge, Negotiating J ustice
Donaldson, The Ethics of Conditionality in International Debt
Hoffman
Boatright.
De George, Chs 6 & 7.
Chesterman, J . & Galligan, B. 1997. Citizens without rights: Aborigines and Australian
citizenship, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Wilhelm, P.G. 1993. Application of distributive justice theory to the CEO pay problem:
Recommendations for reform, Journal of Business Ethics, 12:469-482.
http://www.ethicsandbusiness.org/whoweare.htm (click on toolbox)
http://ethics.acusd.edu/index.asp

40 of 52
TOPIC 5. Ethical Theory (iii) Rights
Rights are entitlements to act in a certain way or to have others act in a certain way.
Rights imply duties or obligations. Some important ethical rights include, the right to
know, the right to privacy, the right to free expression, the right to due process and the
right to safety.
Required Reading:
van Hooft, S., Gillam, L. & Byrnes, M. (1995). Facts and Values. Maclennan & Petty,
Sydney, Ch 14 (available from e-reserve, Moodle and the Library).
Carey, 2013 pages 92-97 (De George, pages 73-76).

Almond, B. (1991). Rights. In Singer, P. A companion to Ethics, 259-268. Blackwell.
Boatright, pages 58-62.
Shaw & Barry, pages 72-74.
Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz, pages 34-38.
Beauchamp & Bowie, pages 28-30.
Collins-Chobanian, (selections from Ch. 2).
Frederick, pp257-268.
http://www.hreoc.gov.au/about/media/speeches/human_rights/2009/20090316_CSR.html
http://www.ausport.gov.au/supporting/ethics/complaint_management/fact_sheets/rights_and_respo
nsibilities/rights_responsibilties_-_directors_and_managers

TOPIC 6. Critique of Normative Ethical Relativism
Some writers challenge ethical theories by suggesting that because different cultures and
individuals recognise different ethical standards, those standards are right or wrong in that
culture or for that individual. Ethical relativism raises questions about the possibility of
universal moral standards and objective morality. Ethical relativism has important
implications for doing business in the international arena, for example, bribery and
questionable payments and investment in countries with poor records of human rights.
Most philosophers do not support the concept of ethical relativism.

Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 2 (De George, 2010 pages 24-35).
Pojman, L. A critique of ethical relativism in any edition of Ethical theory Wadsworth,
Belmont: California.
De George (1993) Competing with Integrity in International Business, pp8-22.
Donaldson, 1996 Values in Tension: Ethics Away from Home, pp48-62.
Relevant pages from:
41 of 52
Frederick.
Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz.
Singer.
Beauchamp & Bowie.
Shaw & Barry.

TOPIC 7. Corporate (Social) Responsibility
A review of the controversy between the narrow (classical) and the broad views of
corporate social responsibility (CSR). The central issues is whether corporations have a
responsibility beyond profit maximization (within the law) and if so, what the nature and
extent of that responsibility is. Milton Friedman argues for a narrow view of corporate
responsibility. Simon, Powers and Gunnemann (1972) discuss the moral minimum in
terms of negative and affirmative duties and employ their Kew Garden Principles to
determine when business has affirmative duties. Freeman analyses corporate social
responsibility in terms of the stakeholder theory. Boatright, Bowie and others claim a
middle ground with respect to CSR while Mulligan and others suggest a maximal
approach to CSR.
Current debates include mandatory reporting, government vs self regulation and changing
the concept of CSR to corporate responsibility for a more integrated approach where
social responsibilities of business become a before profit consideration and are embedded
into an enterprises culture, strategies, policies and operational practices.

Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 6 (Boatright, 2012 pages 274-298).
Friedman, The Social Responsibility of Business Is To Increase Its Profits. In
Beauchamp & Bowie pp50-55 or many other business ethics readers or see
http://www.colorado.edu/studentgroups/libertarians/issues/friedman-soc-resp-
business.html or see Collins-Chobanian pp224-230 or Carey, 2013 pp165-169.
Simon, et al, The Responsibilities of Corporations and Their Owners (61-65). In
Beauchamp & Bowie (1997) (or see http://www.acir.yale.edu/pdf/EthicalInvestor.pdf(only
pages 15-26). This reading is also on Moodle.
Bowie, New Directions in Corporate Social Responsibility. In Beauchamp & Bowie, 1997,
pp96-107.
http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~mulligan/Mulligan_moral_mission_of_business.pdf
Carroll, A.B. (1999) Corporate social responsibility. Business and Society, 38, 3:268-296.
Carroll, A.B. (2000) A commentary and an overview of key questions on corporate social
performance measurement. Business and Society, 39, 4:466-479.
Wood, D.J . (1991) Corporate Social Performance Revisited. Academy of Management
Review, 16, 4:691-718.
42 of 52
www.corporate-ethics.org (Click on Masters Seminars in Business Ethics and view the
video by Waddock on the History of the CSR Movement.) or
http://www.darden.virginia.edu/corporate-
ethics/Video_Waddock_Difference_Makers/index.html

Blowfield, M. & Murray, A. 2008. Corporate Responsibility, Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Burchell, J . (Ed) 2008. The Corporate Social Responsibility Reader. Routledge, London.
Crane, A., Matten, D. & Spence, L. (Eds.) 2008. Corporate Social Responsibility.
Readings and Cases in a Global Context. Routledge, London.
Des J ardins (2003) An Introduction to Business Ethics, Ch. 3.
George, W.W. 2001. Medtronics Chairman William George on How Mission-Driven
Companies Create Long-Term Shareholder Value. The Academy of Management
Executive, 15, 4:39-47.
Werhane, P.H. 2000. Business ethics and the origins of contemporary capitalism:
Economics and ethics in the work of Adam Smith and Herbert Spencer, Journal of
Business Ethics, 24, 3:185-198.
Garriga, E. & Mele, D. 2004. Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the
Territory. Journal of Business Ethics, 53:51-71.
Mulligan, T. 1986. A Critique of Milton Friedmans Essay The Social Responsibility of
Business Is to Increase Its Profits. Journal of Business Ethics, 5:265-269.
Shaw, B. 1988. A Reply to Thomas Mulligans Critique of Milton Friedmans Essay The
Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits. Journal of Business Ethics,
7:537-543.
Mulligan, T. 1993. The Moral Mission of Business. In Beauchamp, T. & Bowie, N. (1993)
Ethical Theory and Business (4
th
ed.). Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ .
Nunan, R. 1988. The Libertarian Conception of Corporate Property: A Critique of Milton
Friedmans Views on the Social Responsibility of Business. Journal of Business Ethics,
7:891-906.
McAleer, S. 2003. Friedmans Stockholder Theory of Corporate Moral Responsibility.
Teaching Business Ethics, 7:437-451.
Wood, D.J . 2002. Business Citizenship: From Individuals to Corporations. Ruffin Series in
Business Ethics, Society for Business Ethics, p59-94.
Beauchamp & Bowie pages 45-86. This includes the following articles:
Friedman, The Social Responsibility of Business Is To Increase Its Profits (51-55).
Freeman, A Stakeholder Theory of the Modern Corporation (56-65).
Goodpaster, Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysis (66-74).
Boatright, Fiduciary Duties and the Shareholder-Management Relation (75-85).
Stone, C. 1975.. What Exactly Are The Antis Against? In Where the law ends: The social
control of corporate behaviour. Harper & Row, New York.
Adams & Maine, pages 28-40.
Arrow, Social Responsibility and Economic Efficiency, Shaw & Barry (233-241).
43 of 52
Grant, C. 1991. Friedman Fallacies. Journal of business ethics. 10, 807-914.
Wilson, J .Q. 1989. Adam Smith on Business Ethics. California management review, 32, 1
59-72.
Maitland, I. 2002. The Human Face of Self Interest, Journal of Business Ethics, 38:3-17.
Kotler, P. & Lee, N. 2005. Corporate Social Responsibility: Doing the Most Good for Your
Company and Your Cause. Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Prahalad, C.K. & Porter, M.E. 2003. Harvard Business Review on Corporate
Responsibility, Harvard Business School Press, Boston MA.
Vogel, D. 2005. The Market For Virtue: The Potential And Limits Of Corporate Social
Responsibility, The Brookings Institution, Washington DC.
Sharp Paine, L. 2003. Value Shift: Why Companies Must Merge Social and Financial
Imperatives to Achieve Superior Performance, McGraw-Hill, Boston MA.
J ackson, I. & Nelson, J . 2004. Profits with Principles, Doubleday, New York, NY.

Black, L.D., 2006. Corporate Social Responsibility as Capability, Journal of Corporate
Citizenship, 23:25-38.

J ackson, K.Z. 1993. Global distributive justice and the corporate duty to aid, Journal of
Business Ethics, 12:547-551.
www.ti.com/corp/docs/csr/index.shtml (Texas Instruments Corporate citizenship report)
http://www.ethics.org.au/ (St J ames Ethics Centre, Sydney)
http://www.reputex.com.au/
http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/corporations_ctte/corporate_responsibility/report
/index.htm (Parliamentary J oint Committee Inquiry into Corporate Social Responsibility,
Australia, 2005).
http://www.wcsr.com/downloads/pdfs/csmemo45.pdf
Please note, numerous journal articles (classic and contemporary) are available
electronically from the Universitys library webpage (both the e-reserve for this unit and
the electronic journal database).

TOPIC 8. Corporate Ethics Programs
The topic looks at the operationalisation of corporate ethics programs including how
organisations should establish, communicate, monitor and audit written standards of
ethical business conduct. It also discusses ethical corporate culture. The readily
available and extensive literature base will provide resources for students who wish to
pursue the topic further.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 7 (Boatright, 2012 pp309-322).
Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell, Chapters on Moodle.

Trevino, L.K., Weaver, G.R., Gibson, D.G., & Toffler, B.L. 1999. Managing ethics and
legal compliance: what works and what hurts, California Management Review. Vol 41, No
2, pp131-151.
44 of 52
KPMG 2008-2009 Integrity Survey see:
http://us.kpmg.com/RutUS_prod/Documents/8/IntegritySuvey08_09.pdf
http://www.ethics.org/plus_model.html
http://ethics.iit.edu/codes/
http://www.bsr.org/CSRResources/IssueBriefDetail.cfm?DocumentID=395
http://www.ecgi.org/
Trevino & Nelson, Chs 9 & 10
Lagan & Moran
Grace and Cohen, 2010 Ch. 10
Beenen, G. & Pinto, J . 2009. Resisting Organizational-Level Corruption: an Interview with
Sherron Watkins. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 8, 2:275-289.
Batten, J . Hettihewa, S. & Mellor, R. (1997) The ethical management practices of
Australian firms. Journal of Business Ethics, 16, 12:1261-1271.
Baucus, M.S. & Beck-Dudley, C.L. (2005) Designing Ethical Organisations: Avoiding the
Long-Term Negative Effects of Rewards and Punishments. Journal of Business Ethics,
56:355-370.
Farrell, B.J . & Cobbin, D.M. (1994) Ethical Codes and Cultures in Australian Enterprises,
Management, J uly, pp 12-15.
Farrell, B.J . & Cobbin, D.M. (1996a) Mainstreaming Ethics in Australia Enterprises.
J ournal of Management Development, 15, 1:
Farrell, B.J . & Cobbin, D.M. (1996b) A content analysis of codes of ethics in Australian
enterprises. J ournal of Managerial Psychology, 11, 1:
Farrell, B.J . & Cobbin, D.M. & Farrell, H.M. (2002) Can Codes of ethics really produce
consistent behaviours? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17, 6:468-490.
Farrell, B.J ., Fraedrich, J . & Ferrell, L. (2005) Business Ethics Ethical Decision Making
and Cases 6
th
Edn. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA.
Gentile, M. 2010. Giving Voice to Values: How to Speak Your Mind When You Know
What's Right Yale University Press: Connecticut.
Lindsay, R.., Lindsay, L.M. & Irvine, B.V. (1996) Instilling ethical behavior in organizations:
A survey of Canadian companies, Journal of Business Ethics, 15(4): 393-410.
ODwyer, B. & Madden, G. (2006) Ethical Codes of Conduct in Irish Companies: A
Survey of Code Content and Enforcement Procedures. Journal of Business Ethics,
63:217-236.
Schwartz, M.S. (2004) Effective Corporate Codes of Ethics: Perceptions of Code Users.
Journal of Business Ethics, 55: 323-343.
Schwartz, M.S. (2005) Universal Moral Values for Corporate Codes of Ethics. Journal of
Business Ethics, 59: 27-44.
Sims, R.R. (1991) The Institutionalization of Organizational Ethics. Journal of Business
Ethics, 10:493-506.
Sims, R.R. (1992) The Challenge of Ethical Behaviour in Organisations, Journal of
Business Ethics, 11:505-513
Sims, R.R. & Brinkmann, J . (2002) Leaders as Moral Role Models: The Case of J ohn
Gutfreund at Salomon Brothers. Journal of Business Ethics, 35:327-339.
Sims, R.R. & Brinkmann, J . (2003) Enron Ethics (Or: Culture Matters More than Codes).
45 of 52
Journal of Business Ethics, 45:243-256.
Sinclair, A. (1993) Approaches to Organisational Culture and Ethics. Journal of Business
Ethics, 12:63-73.
Trevino, L.K. (1990) A Cultural Perspective on Changing and Developing Organizational
Ethics. Organizational Change and Development, 4:195-230.
Trevino, L.K. (1992) The Social Effects of Punishment in Organizations: A J ustice
Perspective. The Academy of Management Review, 17, 4:647-676.
Trevino, L.K. & Ball, G.A. (1992) The Social Implications of Punishing Unethical Behavior:
Observers Cognitive and Affective Reactions. Journal of Management, 18, 4:751-768.
Trevino, L.K. & Youngblood, S.A. (1990) Bad Apples in Bad Barrels: A Causal Analysis of
Ethical Decision-Making Behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75:378-385.
Weaver, G.R. (1993) Corporate codes of ethics: Purpose, process and content issues.
Business & Society, 32 (1): 44-58.
Weaver, G.R. (1995) Does Ethics Code Design Matter? Effects of Ethics Code
Rationales and Sanctions on Recipients J ustice Perceptions and Content Recall. Journal
of Business Ethics, 14:367-385.
Weaver, G.R. & Trevino, L.K. (1994) Normative and Empirical Business Ethics:
Separation, Marriage of Convenience, or Marriage of Necessity? Business Ethics
Quarterly, 4, 2:129-143.
Weaver, G.R. & Trevino, L.K. (1999) Compliance and values oriented ethics programs:
influences on employees attitudes and behaviour. Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol 9,
2:315-335.
Weaver, G.R., Trevino, L.K. & Cochran, P.L. (1999a) Corporate Ethics Practices in the
Mid-1990s: An Empirical Study of the Fortune 1000. Journal of Business Ethics, 18,
3:283-294.
Weaver, G.R., Trevino, L.K. & Cochran, P.L. (1999b) Corporate ethics programs as
control systems: Influences of executive commitment and environmental factors.
Academy of Management Journal, 42, 1:41-57.
Numerous more recent articles are available from the UC electronic database.

TOPIC 9. Multinational Corporations and Global Ethics
Should multinational corporations who operate in a global context play a proactive role in
handling worldwide social economic problems? Should they be concerned at least with
host-country welfare issues? Do multinationals have a positive or negative impact on
less-developed countries in which they operate? Ought multinationals use home or host
country standards in regard to safety standards, working conditions and business
practice? Is there a global ethic? Specific topics may include: bribery, child labour, and
marketing of products which have a potential to be misused in other countries, eg Nestles
infant milk formula. Ethical Guidelines for Multinational Operations will be addressed.

Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 8 (De George, 2010 Pp 159 183)
46 of 52
Familiarity with the following websites:
www.cauxroundtable.or
www.oecd.org
www.transparency.org
http://www.csr-asia.com/index.php?cat+7&submit=view

Boatright, Ch 14.
Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz, 2001, Ch 9.
Aziz, Tunku Abdul, (1998) International Case Study Innovative and Effective Methods
of Stamping out Corruption in Malaysia.
Donaldson, T., (1996) Values in tension: Ethics away from home, Harvard Business
Review, Sept-Oct. pp48-62. (Also in Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz, pages 475-484).
Post, The Ethics of Marketing: Nestles Infant Formula in Hoffman, Frederick &
Schwartz, pp503-509.
De George, 1993.
Donaldson, 1989.
Nichols, M. (1993) Third-World Families at Work: Child Labor or Child Care? Harvard
Business Review, J an-Feb 12-23.
Internet Corruption Perception Index. www.gwdg.de/~uwvw/icr.htm
Caux Principles Website.
Beauchamp & Bowie, 2004 Ch 9.
Beauchamp & Bowie (2001) Ch 8, pages 527-611; 623-627. This includes the following
articles:
Bowie, Relativism and the Moral Obligations of Multinational Corporations (533-
542).
Koehn, What Can Eastern Philosophy Teach Us About Business Ethics? (442-
555).
Taka, Business Ethics: A J apanese View (556-562).
Werhane, Exporting Mental Models: Global Capitalism in the Twenty-First Century
(562-569).
Steidlmier, Gift Giving, Bribery and Corruption: Ethical Management of Business
Relationships in China (569-579).
Donaldson & Dunfee, When Ethics Travel: The Promise and Peril of Global
Business Ethics (579-586).
Caux Roundtable, Principles for Business (623-627).
Asgary, N. & Mitschow, M. 2002, Toward a Model for International Business Ethics,
Journal of Business Ethics, 36:239-246.
Gordon, K. & Miyake, M. 2001, Business Approaches to Combating Bribery: A Study of
Codes of Conduct. Journal of Business Ethics, 34:161-173.
http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/conference/2007/presentations/
http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/consumer-rights-china.html

47 of 52
TOPIC 10. Employee Obligations: The Duty of Loyalty and Whistleblowing
Ethical considerations in the employer/employee relationship concern both employee
rights as well as employee obligations, for example, to uphold employment contracts and
to operate within the guidelines of an organisations or a professions code of conduct.
The problem of whistleblowing will be given particular attention since it raises the question
of loyalty in situations where employees might be obliged to prevent their company from
harming others.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 9 (De George, 2010 pp. 298-318).
J ames, Whistle-Blowing: Its Moral J ustification in Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz.

Boatright, Ch 4.
Shaw & Barry, pp393-401; 420-428.
Grace & Cohen (2010) Ch 9.
Beauchamp & Bowie, p297310. This includes two articles:
Duska, "Whistleblowing and Employee Loyalty" (p305310).
Davis, Some Paradoxes of Whistleblowing (p297-304).
Lindblom, L. 2007 Dissolving the Moral Dilemma of Whistleblowing. Journal of Business
Ethics 76:413-426.
Collins-Chobanian, pp543-573.

TOPIC 11. Consumer Rights and Product Safety
Beauchamp and Bowie (1995) suggest that from toys to tools, consumers use products
believing they will not be harmed or injured by them. Since consumers are not in a
position of technical expertise to judge the sophisticated products necessary for
contemporary life, they must rely primarily on the conscientious efforts of business to
ensure consumer safety. However, some would criticise this view as too paternalistic and
argue for consumer autonomy and the free market system. Among the issues probed in
this section of the unit are the responsibility of business to consumers in the areas of
product safety, acceptable risk, product quality, prices, labelling and packaging and the
responsibility of business to compensate for past harms, to avoid harm and to prevent
harm. To help resolve these problems, three classical theories of product responsibility
will be introduced: contract theory, due care theory, and strict liability or social costs
theory.
Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch. 11 (Velasquez, 2012 pp. 303-334).

De George 2010 Ch. 13 (pages 270-286).
48 of 52
Pratley, P. (1995). The essence of business ethics. Prentice Hall Essence of Management
Series: London, pp100-108.
Des J ardins (2003) Ch 7.
Beauchamp & Bowie, pages 175-188. This includes the two articles:
Velasquez, The Ethics of Consumer Production (175-183).
Brenkert, Strict Products Liability and Compensatory J ustice (290-300).
Boatright, pages 290-300.
http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/consumer-rights-china.html

TOPIC 12. The Ethics of Environmental Protection
Traditionally, business paid little regard to the natural environment and considered natural
resources such as air, water, land, coal, etc. as virtually free and limitless. Such attitudes
have contributed to a hole in the earths ozone layer, the threat of global warming, the
destruction of forests and carcinogens in the air and water. The challenge to be
environmentally responsible as well as profitable raises questions such as: Whose rights
are violated by pollution and who should be given the responsibility of paying for the costs
of polluting the environment? What obligations do firms have to future generations to
preserve the environment and conserve resources? Who should make decisions about
pollution and resource depletion? Do natural objects have inherent rights in the same way
as human beings are said to have them? The problem of sustainable development will be
addressed.

Required Reading:
Carey, 2013 Ch.12 (Velasquez, 2012 pp. 243-297).

Des J ardins, J .R. 1997. Environmental ethics an introduction to environmental philosophy.
Wadsworth, Belmont, CA.
Des J ardins, 2003. J .R. An Introduction to Business Ethics, Ch. 9.
Des J ardins, 2007. Business, Ethics and the Environment.
Velasquez, (chapter on the environment, any edition).
Grace and Cohen (2010) Ch. 8.
Buchholz, R.A. (1993). Environmental Ethics and Ecology in Principles of environmental
management: The greening of business. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs: New J ersey, Ch
3, pp48-78 and Ch 1.
Hoffman, Frederick & Schwartz, Ch 8.
Frederick. pp280-290.
Shaw & Barry, Ch 11.
Beauchamp & Bowie, (readings from the chapter on the environment, any edition)
http://www.susdev.co.uk/
49 of 52

The Case Method Applied to Ethics

Central to the case method approach to learning is the belief that knowledge cannot
simply be told. The case method approach does not endorse the memorisation and
repetition of facts or conventional knowledge. Instead, it requires the analysis of facts in
order to arrive at reasoned courses of action. In short the case method approach
confronts students with descriptions of realistic human events, and then requires the
students to analyse, evaluate and make recommendations about those events
(Donaldson, 1990:14).

The goal of ethical enquiry is ethical insight into what constitutes good and bad, right
and wrong behaviour. This is different from the goal of empirical or factual enquiry which
is empirical or factual knowledge. The belief that sugar is soluble in coffee may be tested
by the experience of placing a cube of sugar into a cup of coffee. However, the belief that
bribery is wrong is an ethical belief, the rightness or wrongness of which cannot be proven
by performing the act of bribery. Ethics is concerned with ends and principles and
requires an investigation of values to be achieved as well as the means used to achieve
them (Donaldson, 1990:19). While the theoretical investigations of specialists in the field
of ethics is important, the truths of ethics cannot be drummed into ones head; rather they
must instead be discovered and respected by oneself. Otherwise, they cannot be known
in a meaningful sense (Donaldson, 1990:20). Unlike traditional cases in management
studies, cases in ethics raise issues about ends and principles and aim to engage
students in a process of reflection, the end of which is understanding as well as
judgement, that is, the reasons for ones decision need to be evaluated from the moral
point of view. In this way, ethical theory is both applied to a case analysis and at the
same, is informed or tested out by an examination of cases.

The following set of questions provide analytical guidance to an ethics-related
management problem or case study (Goodpaster, 1984).

1. What are the ethical issues involved in this case? Where appropriate, sort these
according to the ethical theories for later discussion.

Ethical issues are problems, situations or opportunities producing alternative
courses of action which need to be evaluated as right or wrong. Typically they relate
to conflicts of interest, issues of justice and rights, duties and obligations. The
central issue constitutes the ethical dilemma.

What is a central dilemma?
Ethical dilemmas are created by conflicting moral principles that generate
conflicting demands. For example, affirmative action involves the principle of
compensatory justice and the principle of equity and each generates demands,
which conflict with each other. Dilemmas require an individual or organisation to
choose between equally undesirable alternatives.

2. What ethical assumptions or values appear to be shown by the persons or
organisations in the case? An example of an assumption or value is, managers
have primary responsibility to shareholders. Those who hold such an assumption
might make a different decision than those who hold the assumption, managers
have responsibilities to all those who hold a stake in the business.

3. Does the case involve the organisations external environment or internal
environment? Here one might look at competitor analysis or internal policies.

50 of 52
4. From the utilitarians viewpoint, what is the best course of action? Why? What facts
in the case support this conclusion?

5. From the point of view of deontological reasoning and the setting of priorities among
duties and obligations, what should be done? Why?

6. From the point of view of justice, what is the best course of action? Why? What
facts in the case support this conclusion?

7. From the point of view of concern for individual rights, what is the best course of
action? Why? What facts in the case support this conclusion?

8. Do these viewpoints converge on a course of action or do they diverge? If they
diverge, which viewpoint should take priority?
There is no simple formula to follow in making ethical judgements. J udging with
integrity requires using careful analysis and reasoning. For example, the concepts
of individual rights and the common good may have to be carefully weighed in
formulating policies and management decision making.

9. Are there ethically relevant considerations in the case that are not captured by any
of the above viewpoints? What are they? (For example, ethical relativism,
corporate social responsibility, environmental ethics, the role of regulation, etc.)

10. What is the recommendation, decision or action plan?

While not exhaustive, these questions provide an excellent basis for discussion and
analysis of case studies in ethics. It is recommended that steps 1-3 be used to
develop your introductory section to the case analysis. Steps 4-9 should form the
body of your analysis and Step 10, the conclusion.

REFERENCES

Donaldson, T. & Gini, A. (1990). Case studies in business ethics (2
nd
ed.). Prentice Hall,
Englewood Cliffs: New J ersey.

Goodpaster, K. (1984). Ethics in management. Harvard Business School Publishing:
Boston.

51 of 52
52 of 52
Lecture Schedule
Semester 1, 2013
Topic Week
Beginning
Topic Chapter from
Text
(Carey)
Due Dates
1 Feb 4 Introduction
Start assignment 1
Ch. 1
Companion to
unit outline

2

Feb 11 Teleological theories:
Utilitarianism

Ch. 3

3

Feb 18 Utilitarianism (cont.)

Deontological theories:
Kant

Ch. 4

3

Feb 25 Deontological theories:
Kant (cont)

Ch 4
4

March 4 Deontological theories:
J ustice (Rawls and Nozick)

Ch 5
5

6

March 11

Rights

Normative ethical relativism

Ch 5 +van Hooft
reading
(Moodle)
Ch. 2

7

March 18 Review of ethical theory

Corporate responsibility (CSR)

Ch. 6

March 25 Class Free.
Finalise assignment 1; start
assignment 2)

7

April 1 Corporate responsibility (continued)

Ch. 6 +Moodle

Assignment 1
due: Tuesday
April 2, 2013
8:00pm
8 April 8 Corporate ethics programs

Ch. 7

9

April 15 Multinational corporations and
global ethics

Ch. 8
10 April 22 Whistleblowing

Ch. 9

11 April 29 Consumer rights and product safety

Ch. 11 Assignment 2
due: Monday
April 29, 2013
8:00pm
12

May 6 Ethics of environmental
management

Confirmation of exam information

Ch. 12

Examination: Available from Moodle, Friday, May 24, 2013 (6pm); must be uploaded to
Moodle no later than 6pm on Monday May 27, 2013.

Management Ethics Companion STD S1, 2013 6255

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Management Ethics Companion STD S1, 2013 6255

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Facul t y of Busi ness, Gover nment and Law

www. canber r a. edu. au

Anda mungkin juga menyukai