GSM Kpi Improvement Process and Guidelines 140604111529 Phpapp02

GSM KPI Improvement
Process / Guidelines

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$!
Key Per%ormance Indicators - KPIs
SDCCH Blocking
SDCCH Drop
TCH Drop Rate
Handover Success Rate
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $
&ccessibility 'e%inition
(all to an MS
9805024
BSC
MSC/VLR
TRC
BTS
BTS
1
2
4
5
2
2
2
3
1
4
3
5
6
)* MS(/+LR sends paging command to all ,S(s
belonging to t-e location area .L&/ 0-ere MS is located
* ,S( %or0ards t-e paging command to all ,TSs in t-at
L&1 and t-e ,TSs in t-eir turn page t-e MS on t-e P(2
$* T-e MS responds to t-e ,TS on t-e R&(2 and t-e
,TS %or0ards t-e response to t-e ,S( .%or0ard to MS(/
3* T-e ,S(s c-ec4s 0it- t-e ,TS i% it -as an S'((2
available and t-e ,TS grants t-e MS an S'((2 by using
t-e &G(2
"* T-e MS and t-e ,TS signal on t-e S'((21
measurement reports sent on S&((2 are %or0arded %rom
t-e ,TS to t-e ,S( and once t-e signalling is done t-e
,S( decides 0-ic- T(2 to use
5* T(2 connection establis-ed bet0een MS and ,TS
&
c
c
e
s
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 3
S'((2 (ongestion 6 7vervie0
S'((2 &ctivities8
Mobility Management
6 Normal Location update
6 Periodic Registration
6 IMSI &ttac- / 'etac-
(onnection Management
6 (all setup
6 SMS Point to Point
6 9a: Setup
6 Supplementary Services
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "
(-annel (on%iguration8
(-annel (on%iguration can be done as %ollo0
6 (ombined ,((2/S'((2 on ) TS .S'((2/3/
6 Non-(ombined ,((2 and S'((2 on TS .S'((2/;/
(ell ,roadcast (-annel .(,(2/
The Cell Broadcast service provides the transmission of an SMS from a
message-handling centre to all MSs in the serving area of the BTS.
If the Cell Broadcast service is active in a cell, one signaling sub-channel is
replaced by one CBC resulting in a S!CC"#
S'((2 (-annel &llocation Pro%ile .(2&P/
(-annel &llocation is t-e %eature t-at selects and allocates

suitable c-annels 0-en one or more c-annels are re<uired
(-annel &llocation Pro%ile .(2&P/ is t-e parameter t-at

provides di%%erent c-annel allocation strategies
9or S'((2 assignments1 (2&P ; prioriti=e ne0

assignments as %ollo0s8
)* 7L/S'((2
* >L/S'((2 .i% 7L/S'((2 is congested/
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?
$% &C'( )*
+% &C'( ,*
T T T T T T T T
S T T T T T T T
T T T T T T T T
S B T T T T - -
. ne/ assignment /ill use the S!CC in $% first
$% &C'( )*
+% &C'( ,*
T T T T T T T T
S T T T T T T T
T T T T T T T T
S B T T T T - -
If the $% is congested, the S!CC in +% /ill be used
0ote
S!CC congestion in the $% /ill
increment, but this is not customer
perceived since the S!CC in +%
/ill then be utili1ed
B
S
T
-
BCC timeslot
S!CC timeslot
TC timeslot
-!C timeslot
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;
S'((2 'imensioning Strategy
G7S &pproac-8
S'((2 s-ould be dimensioned %or better G7S compare to T(2* Typical
range is !*"@ - )@*
Immediate &ssignment o% T(2 0it- AT(2 as last option strategyB is
recommended*
It is recommended to add S'((2 0-en !*" Crlang o% signaling tra%%ic is
carried by T(2*
2al% Rate penetration1 usage o% C:tended Range cell and 2S(S' s-ould be
ta4en into consideration*
STS &pproac-8
.ccurate dimensioning is achieved by using STS cell statistics
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #
S'((2 (ongestion 7ptimi=ation
&naly=e t-e %ollo0ing issues t-at could be possible reasons
%or S'((2 (ongestion8
S'((2 'imensioning
Incorrect use o% S'((2 capacity %eatures suc- as

&daptive (on%iguration o% Logical c-annels
T(2 (ongestion
Location &reas not optimi=ed
SMS usage and (ell ,roadcast c-annel
S'((2 &vailability
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )!
T-e %ollo0ing recommendations 0ill -ave a positive impact on S'((2
congestion
Try not to use combined ,((2/S'((2 .S'((2/3/
>se t-e optional S'((2 capacity %eatures suc- as t-e &daptive

(on%iguration o% Logical (-annel %eature 0-en available*
>se Immediate &ssignment on T(21 S'((2 %irst*
9or manual dimensioning1 use STS cell statistics
(on%igure one S'((2 on t-e ,((2 carrier and t-e ot-ers on t-e
-opping layer .Non-,((2/
>se t-e Cricsson S'((2 'imensioning guideline*

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ))
T-e %ollo0ing issues are 0ort- ta4ing into account 0-en
analy=ing S'((2 (ongestion8
>se L&P' STS statistics to evaluate L&P' congestion and

optimi=e t-e L&P' (oncentration %actor
&naly=e border cells 0it- a large amount o% random

access attempts resulting in S'((2 congestion*
6 >se Random &ccess optimi=ation to solve t-e S'((2
congestion
Ta4e into account Timeslot priority 0-en deciding 0-ere to

con%igure S'((2/;
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )
S D C C H C o n g e s t i o n
( - e c 4 s i t e p o s i t i o n
L o c a t i o n a r e a
b o r d e r D
( - a n g e L o c a t i o n
& r e a , o r d e r
( - e c 4 a n d i n c r e a s e
( R 2
( - e c 4 T ( 2 t r a % % i c
T ( 2
( o n g e s t i o n D
( - e c 4 S M S a c t i v i t y
M a n y S M S
m e s s a g e s D
E
( - e c 4 p e r i o d i c
r e g i s t r a t i o n
T o o % r e < u e n t
r e g i s t r a t i o n D
( - e c 4 2 E a v a i l a b i l t y
L o 0
a v a i l a b i l i t y D
S e e T ( 2 F S ' ( ( 2
& v a i l a b i l i t y
& d d T ( 2
c a p a c i t y
R e d i m e n s i o n
S ' ( ( 2
( - a n g e r e g i s t r a t i o n
i n t e r v a l t i m e r s
N O
Y E S
N O
N O
N O
Y E S
Y E S
Y E S
N O
Y E S
Y E S
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )$
( - e c 4 c - a n n e l c o n % i g u r a t i o n
( o m b i n e d
S ' ( ( 2 D
( - e c 4 t r a % % i c t r e n d
S - o r t t e r m
t r a % % i c g r o 0 t - D
( - e c 4 S ' ( ( 2 d i m e n s i o n i n g
E
> n d e r d i m e n s i o n e d
S ' ( ( 2 D
( - e c 4 S ' ( ( 2 m e a n - o l d i n g t i m e
L o n g m e a n - o l d i n g
t i m e D
I s c e l l b r o a d c a s t
u s e d D
& v o i d c e l l b r o a d c a s t i %
p o s s i b l e
M a 4 e c - a n n e l
n o n - c o m b i n e d
N o a c t i v i t y
( - e c 4 2 E a n d n u m b e r
o % 9 a l s e & c c e s s e s
R e d i m e n s i o n
S ' ( ( 2
E N D
N O
N O
Y E S
Y E S
Y E S
Y E S
Y E S
N O
N O
N O
( - e c 4 & d a p t i v e c o n % i g u r a t i o n o %
l o g i c a l c - a n n e l a n d p a r a m e t e r s
& ( S T & T C o % % D S 0 i t c - o n
Y E S
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )3
S'((2 'rops 6 7vervie0
S'((2 'rops are classi%ied into one o% t-e %ollo0ing
categories8
S'((2 'rops because o% Timing &dvance
S'((2 'rops because o% Lo0 Signal Strengt-
S'((2 'rops because o% ,ad Guality
S'((2 'rops due to 7t-er Reasons

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )"
MS MSC BSC
BTS
Channel (e2uest
Channel (e2uired
,
3
4
Immediate .ssignment (e5ect
6
7
Channel .ctivation
8n
9
Channel .ctivation .c:.
Channel .ctivation
Channel .ctivation .c:.
9n
Chan. 0eg. .c:.
Chan. 0eg. .c:.
Immediate .ssignment
;stablish Indication
SCC- Conn. (e2
SCC- Conn. Conf.
S.BM, +.
Signaling Connection Set-up
8
0
Too high TA ?
Wrong Cause Code?
6
0
Too high processor load ?
Step related RA counter
Free ch. Available?
6
0
Activation of channel
successful?
6
0
Random Access
Step CMSESTAB counter
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )5
.ssignment< .ssignment to Serving Cell
MSC BSC
BTS
MS
.ssignment (e2uest
0
6
S.BM
+.
;stablish Indication
.ssignment Command
.ssignment Complete
.ssignment Compl.
Channel .ctivation
=
Channel .ct. .c:.
Channel .ct. 0eg. .c:.
(> Channel (elease, old channel
(> Channel (elease .c:.
Possible to assign
channel?
If TCH Congestion
CNRELCONG is stepped (tie
out!"
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )?
Connection (elease, 0ormal !isconnection
MSC BSC
BTS
MS
Clear Command
Channel (elease
Clear Complete
!eactivate S.CC
!ISC
+.
(elease Indication
(> Channel (elease
(> Channel (elease .c:
SCC- (el.
SCC- (el. .c:.
,
Check Cause codes, if not !
successful or Call Control, step
drop call counter, CN#RO$
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! );
Connection (elease, .bnormal !isconnection
MSC BSC
BTS
Clear Command
Channel (elease
Clear Complete
!eactivate S.CC
!ISC
+. (elease Indication
(> Channel (elease
SCC- (el.
SCC- (el. .c:.
Clear (e2uest
Step drop call counter%
CN#RO$
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )#
S'((2 'rop 7ptimi=ation
&naly=e t-e %ollo0ing issues t-at could be possible reasons %or S'((2
'rops8
Lo0 signal strengt-
Inter%erence
Pat-loss Imbalance bet0een >L/'L
2ig- Timing &dvance
MS error or Subscriber be-avior
T(2 (ongestion
Transmission (ongestion .L&P' (oncentration/
2ard0are or Transmission %ailures

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! !
T-e %ollo0ing issues are 0ort- ta4ing into account 0-en analy=ing
S'((2 'rops8
S'((2 'rops and T(2 'rops o%ten drop because o% t-e same R9
reasons1 suc- as %or e:ample insu%%icient coverage
7nly use S'((2 po0er regulation and S'((2 27 0-en t-e net0or4
-as good coverage
,S( and transmission problems can impact S'((2 drops so

investigate Transcoders1 &-inter%ace and L&P'
S'((2 'rops on t-e -opping layer are normally s-o0ing 0orse

values t-an S'((2 on t-e ,((2
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! )
C h e c k S D C C H D r o p p e d P e r C e l l
C h e c : d r o p
r e a s o n
B a d
2 u a l i t y ?
C h e c : I C M
C h e c : f r e 2 u e n c y - l a n
> r e 2 u e n c y s c a n
( u n M ( ( @ > . S
% o /
S S ?

( e f e r t o % o / S S
a n a l y s i s f l o / c h a r t .
i g h
T . ?

C h e c : s i t e l o c a t i o n
@ T . % I M
T C
C o n g e s t i o n ?

C h e c : S A ! ( - S A 0 T C
I n c r e a s e T C o r u s i n g
C h e c : B T S e r r o r
l o g
B
f a u l t ?

S / a p @
( e p a i r B
B
0 $
6 ; S
6 ; S
6 ; S
6 ; S
6 ; S
0 $
0 $
0 $
0 $
( a d i o > e a t u r e s , C % S , C S
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$!
B
T r a n s m i s s i o n f a u l t ?

- e r f o r m l i n :
i n v e s t i g a t i o n
C h e c : % i n : C u a l i t y
C h e c : M S f l e e t
- e r f o r m ! r i v e T e s t
- e r f o r m M T ( " C T ( " M ( (
- e r f o r m s i t e s u r v e y
C h e c : a n t e n n a i n s t a l l a t i o n
; 0 !
6 ; S
0 $
T(2 'rop 6 7vervie0
MSC BSC
BTS
MS
Clear Command
Channel (elease
Clear Complete
!eactivate S.CC
!ISC
+.
(elease Indication
(> Channel (elease
SCC- (el.
SCC- (el. .c:.
,
Check Cause codes, if not !
successful or Call Control, step
drop call counter, T&N#RO$
Connection (elease, 0ormal !isconnection
T(2 'rop 6 7vervie0
Connection (elease, .bnormal !isconnection
MSC BSC
BTS
Clear Command
Channel (elease
Clear Complete
!eactivate S.CC
!ISC
+. (elease Indication
(> Channel (elease
SCC- (el .
SCC- (el . .c: .
Clear (e2uest
"tep drop call counter,
T&N#RO$
T(2 'rop 6 'rop (all Reasons
T-e T(2 'rop (all reasons -as t-e %ollo0ing priority order8
C:cessive T&
6 T& H T&LIM cell parameter
Lo0 signal strengt- in do0nlin4 and/or uplin4

6 SS>L I L7ESS>L .,S( parameter/
6 SS'L I L7ESS'L
,ad <uality in do0nlin4 and/or uplin4

6 R:Gual>LH ,&'G>L .,S( parameter/
6 R:Gual'LH ,&'G'L
Sudden loss o% connection

6 None o% t-e above
7t-er
6 Non radio-related
T(2 'rop 6 'rop (all Reasons
T-e T(2 'rop (all reasons counters8
-60
-0
SS do!nlink
SS uplink
-"
-0
-60
BTS sensitivit#
-
-0$
%
S

s
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
i
t
#
&O'SS(&
-0$
-0$
&
O
'
S
S
D
&
T)D*SS+,D&
T)D*SS+,(&
T)D*SS+,B&
T)D*SS(& T)D*SSB&
T)D*SSD&
T(2 'rop parameters
RLINKT
STS 'orks-op 3$
Radio &ink Ti.e -out
T(2 'rop parameters
RLINKT
T-e MS sends measurement reports regarding t-e signal

strengt- o% neig-bor cells every 3;! ms
I% t-e ,TS does not receive a measurement report t-e

RLINKT timer is decreased by )*
I% a ne0 report is received t-e timer is increased by *
Lea4y buc4et* E-en reac-es ! call is dropped

T(2 'rop 6 7ptimi=ation
&naly=e t-e %ollo0ing issues t-at could be possible reasons %or

poor T(2 'rop per%ormance8
6 Lo0 Signal strengt- on >plin4/'o0nlin4
6 Inter%erence on >plin4/'o0nlin4
6 C:cessive T&
6 Incorrect/Not optimum Parameter settings %or e:ample po0er
regulation
6 Missing Ncells or (ongestion in Ncells
6 MS or MS ,attery problems
6 Subscriber ,e-avior
6 &ntenna/2ard0are or Transmission %aults
6 Incorrect Installations
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $!
T-e %ollo0ing issues o%ten cause T(2 Sudden 'rops8

6 +ery sudden and severe drop in signal strengt-1 suc- as 0-en
6 subscribers enter into buildings1 elevators1 par4ing garages1 etc*
6 +ery sudden and severe occurrence o% inter%erence or bad
<uality*
6 MS running out o% battery during conversation*
6 2andover Lost
6 ,TS 2E %aults*
6 Sync-roni=ation or &bis lin4 %ault .transmission %aults/*
6 MS 9aults
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $)
D r o p p e d C a l l s o n T C H
( - e c 4 r a d i o n e t 0 o r 4 % e a t u r e s
P o 0 e r r e g u l a t i o n
u s e d p r o p e r l y D
' T J
u s e d D
( - e c 4 o u t p u t p o 0 e r
( - e c 4 l o c a t i n g p a r a m e t e r s
, a d p a r a m e t e r
s e t t i n g D
P o 0 e r
b a l a n c e D
& d K u s t o u t p u t p o 0 e r
I n t r o d u c e
' T J
( o r r e c t p a r a m e t e r
s e t t i n g
9 r e < u e n c y
- o p p i n g
u s e d D
& c t i v a t e % r e < u e n c y
- o p p i n g
N O
( o r r e c t p o 0 e r r e g u l a t i o n
p a r a m e t e r s
Y E S
N O
Y E S
Y E S
N O
N O
Y E S
N O
M i s s i n g
n e i g - b o u r s D
Y E S
R u n N ( S
Y E S
( - e c 4 d r o p p e d c a l l
r e a s o n
, a d
< u a l i t y D
L o 0 s i g n a l
s t r e n g t -
P e r % o r m i n t e r % e r e n c e
a n a l y s i s
P e r % o r m l o 0 s i g n a l
s t r e n g t - a n a l y s i s
,
N O
N O
Y E S
Y E S
N O
M o s t d r o p p e d
( a l l d u r i n g
2 7 D
( - e c 4 l o s t
- a n d o v e r s
P e r % o r m - a n d o v e r
a n a l y s i s
S 0 a p F r e p a i r
2 E
( - e c 4 s i t e
p o s i t i o n
' r a g o o n
s i t e D
( - e c 4 M S % l e e t
, e s t s e r v e r
e : i s t s D
( - e c 4 a n t e n n a
i n s t a l l a t i o n
P e r % o r m s i t e s u r v e y
( - e c 4 , T S C r r o r L o g
2 E
% a u l t D
T r a n s m i s s i o n
% a u l t D
( - e c 4 l i n 4 < u a l i t y a n d
S y n c - r o n i = a t i o n
R e m o v e s i t e o r c - a n g e
% r e < u e n c y
P e r % o r m l i n 4
i n v e s t i g a t i o n
& d d s i t e
P e r % o r m M T R / ( T R
r e c o r d i n g s
P e r % o r m d r i v e t e s t s
2 i g - t i m i n g
a d v a n c e
E N D
,
( - e c 4 s i t e l o c a t i o n
F T & L I M
Y E S
N O
Y E S
N O
N O
Y E S
N O
Y E S
Y E S
N O
N O
Y E S
( - e c 4 ' r o p p e d ( a l l s p e r T S b a s i s
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $$
& o ! s i g n a l s t r e n g t -
a n a l # s i s
I d e n t i % y b a s e l i n e r e < u i r e m e n t s
( - e c 4 s i t e p o s i t i o n
( - e c 4 i % u p l i n 4 o r d o 0 n l i n 4 p r o b l e m
( - e c 4 c o v e r a g e p l o t s
( - e c 4 i % o m n i s i t e
( - e c 4 a n t e n n a c o n % i g u r a t i o n
( - e c 4 o u t p u t p o 0 e r
( a l c u l a t e p o 0 e r b a l a n c e F l i n 4
b u d g e t
P e r % o r m d r i v e t e s t s
M a 4 e s i t e v i s i t
P e r % o r m M T R / ( T R r e c o r d i n g s
( - e c 4 i % i n d o o r p r o b l e m
C o r r e c t
p r o / l e .
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $3
Investigate T(2 'rop Per%ormance - M7TS8
MOTS_tool
MOTS
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $"
&ssignmentRe<uest IL!)5?$ )?8!383#
2andover(ommand IL!)5?$ IL!3!?) )?8!"8)"
2andover(omplete IL!3!?) )?8!"8)5
2andover(ommand IL!3!?) IL!!!"$ )?8!"8?
2andover(omplete IL!!!"$ )?8!"8?
2andover(ommand IL!!!"$ IL!3!? )?8!"8"?
2andover(omplete IL!3!? )?8!"8";
2andover(ommand IL!3!? IL!?" )?8!58$?
2andover(omplete IL!?" )?8!58$#
(learRe<uest IL!?" )?8!583#
(lear(ommand IL!?" )?8!583#
'rop .(lear Re<uest/ because 0rong decision
to 27 %rom IL!3!? to IL!?"*
Solution8 In-ibit t-at 27 relation*
8 STS pegged drop in IL!?"
8 &ctual drop occured sout- o% IL!3!?
Start
Start
STS-
'rop
STS-
'rop
&ctual
drop-
position
&ctual
drop-
position
Investigate T(2 'rop Per%ormance - RPM78
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $5
BS*C Con0usion
L In t-is e:ample mobiles do not -andover to t-e correct cell but to a cell 0-ose %re<uency it
measure previously*
L In RPM71 t-is can be seen %rom t-e drop table*
L 9or e:ample in t-e map a mobile traveling sout- needed to -andov er %rom IL!!!* to IL)!";*!*
IL)!";*! -as ,((2 )$?1 and IL!3!3*$ -as ,((2 is )$?* Mobile meas ured IL!3!3 previously1
and t-is can be seen %rom RPM7 measurement reports*
L E-en mobile needed to -andover %rom IL!!!* to IL)!";*!1 it act ually ma4es 0rong -andover to
IL!3!3*$*
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $?
Dropped Call due to Bad +ualit#
L &ll drops due to bad <uality >L/'L can be seen easily %rom RPM7 drop and measurement table*
L T-e table belo0 is a e:ample o% a s-ort call* (all I' is "#?)31 and it lasted about 3? seconds*
L Ee can easily see t-at RJGual 'L 0as bad since t-e call started*
L In t-is mar4et1 RLINK timer set to $* T-ere%ore1 t-ere may be s ome measurement missing M)5
seconds be%ore t-e clear command*
L T-e table s-o0s several missing report bet0een starting %rom )?8 3$833 until )?8338!!*
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! "#?)3 (lear(ommand IL!!33 )?8338!!

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $;
Dropped Call due to Bad SS
L Ee can see t-e calls dropped due to lo0 signal strengt- in RPM7*
L 9rom measurement reports1 0e can see 0-en t-ere is a drop due to lo0 signal strengt- >L/'L1 or
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L In t-e table1 i% 0e loo4 at t-e part be%ore t-e clear re<uest1 0 e can see t-at RL'L .RJ level 'L/1
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lin4s*
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! $#
Dropped Call due to R&*N2
L In t-e table 0e can see drop t-at -appened due to RLINK timer*
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L I% 0e see "" or or RJGualN)" 0e can assume t-at t-ese values ar e missing
L In t-is e:ample 0e dropped t-e call due to lo0 signal strengt- d o0nlin4
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 3!
Dropped Call due Handover Ti.er 3 T404B
L T-is timer e:pires M)) to )3 seconds a%ter -andover command sent *
L E-en t-e timer e:pire1 0e can assume t-at -andover command t-at 0as sent 0as not -eard
eit-er by t-e cell1 or by mobile*
L T-e table s-o0s an e:ample o% a drop -appened due to t-is reason * I% 0e loo4 t-e time stamp
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? 2andover (ommand IL!"$ IL$!!?) )?8!38)#
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 3)
Handover Ti.er 3 T404B
Dropped Call due Handover Ti.er 3 T404B5
L T-is timer usually e:pires M ; to M)! seconds a%ter -and over co mmand re<uest*
L E-en t-is timer e:pires1 0e can assume t-at t-e MS1 or target ce ll -eard 27 command but 0e do
not -ave any respond %rom t-em*
L In t-e table 0e can see t-at at )?8)#835 0e -ave -andover comman d %rom IL!3?) to IL!);$)*
L Ee -ave clear re<uest coming in )?8)#8"3 6 ; seconds a%ter -andover command

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Handover Ti.er 3 T404B5
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 3?
2andover - 7vervie0
T-e %undamental concept o% mobile communications is t-e

mobility1 0-ere t-e person using t-e p-one moves around
being -anded over bet0een cells
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placed on t-e best server and t-at t-e %ollo0ing re<uirements
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6 Speec- Guality8 to avoid disturbances
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 3;
2andover - 7vervie0
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 3#
2andover 6 Locating 7vervie0
Locating
,asic 2andover
(andidate list
9702661
Signal
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SUFFICIENT
level?
More
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L-cells
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "!
Locating
Types o% cell
borders
9702590
L-L border
transition border .K-L border/
e<ual L
e<ual K
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&
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ")
Locating 6 ,asic Ran4ing8 Cricsson $
T-e %irst t-ree stages o% t-e algorit-m are per%ormed
in e:actly t-e same 0ay as Cricsson )1 but Cricsson
$ ta4es only t-e signal strengt- in account8
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* Cvaluation o% t-e Minimum Signal Strengt- condition
$* Subtraction o% t-e signal strengt- penalties
3* Signal Strengt- Cvaluation
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descending order o% SS
Locating 6 ,asic Ran4ing8 Cricsson $
9702367
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Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "$
Locating 6 &u:iliary Radio Net0or4 %unctions evaluation
Penalty list
Measurement
results
Organizing the list
Urgency condition
Auxiliary radio
network functions
evaluations
Allocation reply
Basic ranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sending the list
Six auxiliary radio network functions are
incorporated in the locating software:
Assignment to another cell
Hierarchical cell structures
Overlaid and underlaid subcells
Intra-cell handover
Extended range
Cell load sharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "3
Locating 6 &u:iliary
Radio Net0or4
%unctions evaluation
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ""
Locating 6 &u:iliary Radio Net0or4 %unctions evaluation
(ategori=ation )8 T-e candidates in t-e ran4ing list are

divided into categories* T-e signal strengt- is used to
set t-e categories %or t-e neig-boring cells* T-e
e:isting categories are8
6 ,etter cell8 (ell 0it- a -ig-er ran4ing value t-an
serving cell in t-e candidate list*
6 Eorse cell8 (ell 0it- a lo0er ran4ing value t-an
serving cell in t-e candidate list*
6 Serving cell8 T-e cell serving t-e connection*
T-ese categories are later used in evaluations and

selection o% cause values
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Sixauxiliaryradionetworkfunctionsare
incorporatedinthelocatingsoftware:
Assignment toanother cell
Overlaidandunderlaidsubcells
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "5
Locating 6 (ell Load S-aring Cvaluation
T-e cell load s-aring evaluation is per%ormed
a%ter t-e normal ran4ing procedure* T-e
evaluation is only per%ormed i%
6
cell load s-aring is active %or t-e cell
6 i% no urgency conditions apply and
6 i% t-e c-annel is a T(2 0-ere t-e c-annel mode
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& c-annel in a multislot con%iguration is not

evaluated* 9urt-er1 no evaluation is
per%ormed at re<uest o% a candidate list %or
assignment*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "?
Locating 6 (ell Load S-aring Cvaluation
7nly candidates t-at %ul%ill t-e %ollo0ing

conditions are involved in t-e evaluation8
6 T-e candidate is ran4ed Eorse
6 T-e candidate is Internal
6 It e:ists in t-e same cell layer as serving cell
6 It accepts R-andover due to cell load s-aringR
T-e evaluation is t-en per%ormed as a ne0

ran4ing 0it- reduced -ysteresis areas
bet0een serving cell and t-e neig-boring
cells*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ";
Locating 6 7verlaid/>nderlaid Cvaluation
T-e evaluation is only per%ormed i% t-e

serving cell -as an overlaid and underlaid
subcell structure*
&n evaluation is per%ormed to determine i% a

subcell c-ange .overlaid to underlaid or
underlaid to overlaid/ is desired*
T-e criterion is based on t-e do0nlin4 signal

strengt-1 timing advance measurements %rom
t-e serving cell and t-e tra%%ic load in t-e cell*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! "#
Locating 6 7verlaid/>nderlaid Cvaluation
I% t-e serving cell is co-sited 0it- a neig-boring cell t-at

-as a subcell structure1 t-en locating evaluates i% t-e
-andover s-all be proposed to t-e overlaid or
underlaid neig-boring subcell*
I% t-e MS is located in t-e overlaid subcell and a bad

<uality urgency occurs1 Locating proposes a subcell
c-ange %rom overlaid to underlaid subcell to prevent
t-e MS %rom remaining on connections 0it- bad
<uality*
& timer is used to prevent an immediate return bac4 to

t-e overlaid subcell*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5!
Locating 6 Intracell 2andover Cvaluation
T-e Intracell 2andover evaluation is not

per%ormed at assignment and ot-er0ise only
per%ormed i% intracell -andover is allo0ed %or
t-e current subcell*
T-e criterion %or determining i% an intracell

-andover is desired is based on uplin4 and
do0nlin4 <uality and signal strengt-
measurements %rom t-e serving cell*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5)
Locating 6 Intracell 2andover Cvaluation
T-e criterion is %ul%illed 0-en t-e <uality is 0orse t-an

could be e:pected %rom t-e signal strengt- level* T-ere
are parameters to prevent too many consecutive
intracell -andovers in a se<uence during a connection*
I% t-e MS is located in t-e overlaid subcell and t-e

number o% allo0ed consecutive intracell -andovers
-ave been e:ecuted t-en Locating proposes a subcell
c-ange %rom overlaid to underlaid subcell to prevent
t-e MS %rom remaining on connections 0it- bad
<uality*
& timer is used to prevent an immediate return bac4 to

t-e overlaid subcell*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Locating 6 &ssignment to 7t-er (ell
T-e normal Locating is used in order to %ind t-e most

suitable cell at t-e call setup
I% a better cell t-an t-e serving cell is %ound during t-e

call setup signaling1 t-at cell 0ill be t-e %irst one in t-e
Locating candidate list* T-is is called &ssignment to a
better cell*
&lso 0orse cells can be %ound1 and at congestion in t-e

serving cell or in t-e better cell1 t-e call can be setup in
a 0orse cell* T-is is called &ssignment to a 0orse cell*
2o0ever1 cells at a large distance %rom t-e nominal

cell are not allo0ed to remain as candidates* T-is is
controlled by t-e parameter &E799SCT*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5$
Locating 6 2ierarc-ical (ell Structures
T-e 2(S %eature provides t-e possibility to give priority

to cells t-at are not t-e strongest but provide su%%icient
signal strengt- levels
T-e appropriate level o% t-e su%%icient signal strengt-

levels mainly depends on t-e co- and adKacent
inter%erence %rom t-e surrounding cells
Eit- lo0 inter%erence it is t-e noise level 0it- a sa%ety

margin t-at set t-e su%%icient signal strengt- levels
Cac- cell s-ould be associated 0it- a L&SCR
T-e Layer could be de%ined by t-e tra%%ic t-at t-e cell

captures 0it- Kust a basic ran4ing1 -o0 muc- tra%%ic t-e
cell are dimensioned %or and -o0 muc- t-e cell
inter%ere 0it- t-e rest o% t-e net0or4
T-e lo0er t-e layer t-e -ig-er t-e priority

Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Locating 6 Removal o% candidates
T-e reasons %or removal o% candidates %rom t-e
list are8
T-e candidate belongs to a system type not

supported by t-e mobile*
Cvaluation o% ,S( parameters and timers

controlling -andover1 i*e* i% it is allo0ed to
ma4e -andover on S'((2 etc* T-e
evaluated parameters are I,27SI(21 S(271
&SS7(1 I,27&SS1 T&LL7( and T>RGCN*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5"
Locating 6 Removal o% candidates
T-e reasons %or removal o% candidates %rom t-e list are8
Cvaluation o% co-sited neig-bors* T-ree c-ec4s are

per%ormed8
6 I% average timing advance e:ceeds t-e M&JT& value
%or t-e co-sited cell*
6 I% average timing advance is less t-an t-e T&LIM value
%or serving cell and greater t-an or e<ual to t-e T&LIM
value %or t-e co-sited cell*
6 I% t-e cell is 0orse and in t-e same cell layer as serving
cell and t-e average timing advance e:ceeds t-e
T&LIM value %or t-e co-sited cell*
Cvaluation and removal o% candidates i% t-e MS is

classi%ied as a %ast moving mobile .i% t-is %eature is
used/*
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Locating 6 (ategori=ation
T-e cells in t-e candidate list are t-en

organi=ed in t-e %ollo0ing t-ree categories8
6 &bove S8 Neig-boring cell above serving cell in
t-e candidate list
6 ,elo0 S8 Neig-boring cell belo0 serving cell in
t-e candidate list
6
S8 Serving cell
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5?
Locating 6 7rdering t-e candidate list
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
*ndication Description
) &ssignment Re<uest &rrived
&E state
$ C:cessive T& urgency
detected
3 ,ad Guality urgency detected
" 7L/>L subcell c-ange or I(27
re<uested
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5;
Locating 6 List preparation
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Penaltylist
Measurement
results
Organizingthelist
Urgencycondition
Auxiliaryradio
networkfunctions
evaluations
Allocationreply
Basicranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sendingthelist
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Intra-cell handover
Extendedrange
Cell loadsharing
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! 5#
Locating 6 Sending t-e list
9702607
Penalty list
Measurement
results
Organizing the list
Urgency condition
Auxiliary radio
network functions
evaluations
Allocation reply
Basic ranking
Filtering
Initiations
Sending the list
If the candidate list is empty (i.e. serving cell is
the best) the candidate list is not sent to the
central processor.
The first cell in the candidate list is the best
candidate. At congestion the next cell in the
candidate list is tried.
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?!
Locating 6 &llocation reply
97 0260 8
A t s u c c e s s a p e n a lt y lis t is t r a n s f e r re d fr o m t h e
lo c a t in g i n d iv id u a l t o t h e n e w o n e . I f t h e h a n d o v e r
r e a s o n wa s d u e t o u r g e n c y a p e n a lt y f o r t h e
a b a n d o n e d c e ll m u s t b e in c lu d e d . Th e o l d
lo c a t in g i n d iv id u a l i s t h e n d e le t e d .
A t in t e r -B S C h a n d o ve r it is n o t p o s si b le t o se n d
t h e p e n a lt y lis t . H o w e v e r it is p o s s ib le in d ic a te i f
t h e c a u s e o f th e h a n d o v e r wa s d u e t o b a d q u a lit y
o r e x c e s s iv e t im in g a d v a n c e . T h e p e n a lt ie s o f t h e
n e w c e ll w ill t h e n b e u se d . ( EX TP E N= O N )
P e n a l ty l is t
M e as ur e me n t
re s u l ts
Or g a n i z i n g th e li s t
Ur ge n c y co n d i ti on
Au x i l i ar y r a d i o
n e two r k fun c ti on s
e va l u a tio n s
A l lo ca t io n re p ly
B a si c ra n k in g
F i lt e ri n g
In i ti ati on s
S e n d i n g th e li s t
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?)
Locating 6 &llocation reply
9 7 0 2 6 0 8
A t s u c c e s s a p e n a l t y l i s t i s t r a n s f e r r e d f r o m t h e
l o c a t i n g i n d i v i d u a l t o t h e n e w o n e . I f t h e h a n d o v e r
r e a s o n w a s d u e t o u r g e n c y a p e n a l t y f o r t h e
a b a n d o n e d c e l l m u s t b e i n c l u d e d . T h e o l d
l o c a t i n g i n d i v i d u a l i s t h e n d e l e t e d .
A t i n t e r - B S C h a n d o v e r i t i s n o t p o s s i b l e t o s e n d
t h e p e n a l t y l i s t . H o w e v e r i t i s p o s s i b l e i n d i c a t e i f
t h e c a u s e o f t h e h a n d o v e r w a s d u e t o b a d q u a l i t y
o r e x c e s s i v e t i m i n g a d v a n c e . T h e p e n a l t i e s o f t h e
n e w c e l l w i l l t h e n b e u s e d . ( E X T P E N = O N )
P e n a l t y l i s t
M e a s u r e m e n t
r e s u l t s
O r g a n i z i n g t h e l i s t
U r g e n c y c o n d i t i o n
A u x i l i a r y r a d i o
n e t w o r k f u n c t i o n s
e v a l u a t i o n s
A l l o c a t i o n r e p l y
B a s i c r a n k i n g
F i l t e r i n g
I n i t i a t i o n s
S e n d i n g t h e l i s t
9 7 0 2 6 0 9
A t c o n g e s t i o n i n a l l t h e c a n d i d a t e s i n t h e l i s t a n e w a t t e m p t
w i l l b e m a d e a f t e r a c e r t a i n t i m e s p e c i f i e d b y t h e t i m e r s
T A L L O C o r T U R G E N .
T A L L O C ( a t n o r m a l h a n d o v e r s ) i n h i b i t s r a n k i n g u n l e s s a n
u r g e n c y c o n d i t i o n s f o u n d .
T U R G E N ( a t u r g e n c y h a n d o v e r s ) i n h i b i t s s e n d i n g a c a n d i d a t e
l i s t u n l e s s a b e t t e r c e l l i s f o u n d .
2andover 6 Neig-bor (ells
Neig-bor cells .N(CLLS/ impacts t-e %ollo0ing radio net0or4
areas8
2andover Per%ormance
T(2 'rops
(overage
Inter%erence
9re<uency plan
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?$
7ptimi=ation o% N(CLLS mainly consists o% t-e %ollo0ing
activities8
9ind and &dd missing N(CLLS
9ind and Remove unnecessary or 0rong N(CLLS
7ptimi=e Neig-bor cell ,((2 %re<uencies and ,SI(s

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?3
7ptimi=ation o% N(CLLS are done using t-e %ollo0ing
in%ormation8
Map in%ormation 6 Site location and terrain
Predicted coverage
STS 2andover statistics
MRR - Signal strengt- and Timing &dvance .T&/
N(S and N7J %rom RN7

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?"
Neig-boring (ell Support .N(S/
N(S is part o% t-e RN7 .Radio Net0or4 7ptimi=ation/ tool
N(S -elps to maintain a 0ell 0or4ing neig-boring cell list
N(S data is collected t-roug- Measurement reports
N(S is operated t-roug- 7SS
N(S is used to detect missing neig-boring cell relations n*
N(S is used to constantly evaluate t-e e:isting neig-boring

cell relations*
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?5
N(S initiates t-e &ctive ,&-list Recording .,&R/ in ,S(
T-e ,&R modi%y t-e selected cell ,&-list1 to include test

%re<uencies*
MS measures t-e de%ined %re<uencies in its neig-bor list O

test %re<uencies
Result are recorded in N(S and presented in several report

%ormats*
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ??
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?;
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ?#
&dding Neig-bor cells using N(S
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;!
7vervie0 report used to decide 0-ic- cells to investigate

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;)
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;$
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;3
Missing relations-ip
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;"
STS used to evaluate result o% N(CLL add

O(T*NCE&& D,TE 1ER*OD 1ER&EN E;CH*D HO<ERCNT H=S(C
LT!)!",-LT!))$, !!))3 )!!!-)#!! "3! ),S(3 3$#*!! #;*);
LT!))$,-LT!)!", !!))3 )!!!-)#!! "3! ),S(3 3!#*!! ##*!
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;5
N((PCRM parameter
N((PCRM de%ines t-e allo0ed N((s .Net0or4 (olor

(ode/ on t-e ,((2 carriers %or 0-ic- t-e MS is permitted
to send measurement reports* To capture interactions 0it-
ot-er cells .suc- as 0it- N(S1 I('M etc*/1 all !FF? s-ould
be used
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;?
2andover 6 7ptimi=ation
&naly=e t-e %ollo0ing issues t-at could be possible reasons %or
poor 2andover Per%ormance8
6 (overage
6 Inter%erence
6 Incorrect parameter settings
6 >nnecessary or Missing N(CLL relations
6 2ard0are or Lin4/Transmission 9aults
6 Missing 9re<uencies in t-e Measurement list
6 Poor Inter MS(/,S( -andover per%ormance
6 T(2 (ongestion
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;;
( n s u c c e s s 0 u l H a n d o v e r s
( - e c 4 c o n g e s t i o n
p e r % o r m a n c e
T ( 2
c o n g e s t i o n D
( - e c 4 S & C s e t t i n g
N O
S E
c o n g e s t i o n D
( - e c 4 L o c a t i n g p a r a m e t e r s
( - e c 4 N e i g - b o u r i n g c e l l d e % i n i t i o n s
E r o n g c e l l s
d e % i n e d D
M i s s i n g
T o o m a n y
T o o m a n y
m e a s u r e m e n t
c - a n n e l s D
S t r a n g e o r c o r r u p t
p a r a m e t e r s e t t i n g D
N O
N O
N O
N O
N O
& d d T ( 2
c a p a c i t y
Y E S
I n c r e a s e S & C
Y E S
R e m o v e i n c o r r e c t
d e % i n i t i o n s
Y E S
& d d m i s s i n g
r e l a t i o n
Y E S
R e m o v e u n n e c e s s a r y
r e l a t i o n s
Y E S
R e v i e 0 a n d c o r r e c t t - e
d e % i n e d M , ( ( 2 N 7
Y E S
C
N O
( o r r e c t p a r a m e t e r s
Y E S
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! ;#
( - e c 4 u s e o % r a d i o
% e a t u r e s
C
N O
& r e a l l r a d i o
% e a t u r e s u s e d D
Y E S
( - e c 4 c o v e r a g e
N O
L o 0 S S o n c e l l
b o r d e r D
P e r % o r m d r i v e t e s t
Y E S
I m p r o v e c o v e r a g e
( - e c 4 i n t e r % e r e n c e
Y E S
, a d
< u a l i t y D
R e d u c e i n t e r % e r e n c e % o r
p o t e n t i a l c a n d i d a t e
Y E S
' e l a y e d - a n d o v e r
d e c i s i o n D
( - e c 4 - a n d o v e r
p a r a m e t e r s
Y E S
I n t r o d u c e u n u s e d
% e a t u r e s
U T i m e r C : p i r y & % t e r
M S i s L o s t
N O
D
N O
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #!
D
( - e c 4 , T S C r r o r L o g
2 E
% a u l t D
( - e c 4 l i n 4 < u a l i t y
T r a n s m i s s i o n
% a u l t D
S 0 a p F r e p a i r 2 E
Y E
S
N O
I m p r o v e
t r a n s m i s s i o n
Y E
S
P e r % o r m s i t e v i s i t
N O
( - e c 4 a n t e n n a
i n s t a l l a t i o n
& n t e n n a c o n n e c t e d t o
0 r o n g % e e d e r D
I n c o r r e c t
d o 0 n t i l t D
2 i d e d
a n t e n n a D
, a d a n t e n n a
i n s t a l l a t i o n D
N O
N O
N O
( - a n g e % e e d e r
Y E
S
( o r r e c t t i l t i n g
Y E
S
( - a n g e a n t e n n a
p o s i t i o n
Y E
S
( o r r e c t i n s t a l l a t i o n
Y E
S
E N D
N O
I s t - e c e l l a t i n t e r - M S (
b o r d e r D
Y E
S
( - e c 4 i n t e r - M S ( 2 7
p e r % o r m a n c e
N O
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #)
2andovers - (ongestion
2op
,((2
(orrect ,e-avior
2op
,((2
(ongestion )
2op
,((2
(ongestion
2op
,((2
(ongestion $ No 27V
N (ongestion N 'rop
2andover 6 (o ,((2 F ,SI( N(CLLS
!)?5) F !)?;$ 6 (o-(-annel1 (o-,SI( .5#3-5/

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #$
2andover 6 ,SI( (on%usion
,((28 ";;
,SI(8 $3
,((28 ";;
,SI(8 3?
,((28 ";!
,SI(8 $!
,((28 ";5
,SI(8 )$
,((28 ";5
,SI(8 )
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #3
T-e ,((2 s-ould be planned so t-at ,SI(-decoding is

possible
&void ,SI(-con%usion 6 Mobiles only -ave to decode ,SI(

every )! seconds
Eit- tig-t ,((2 re-use .) c-annels/ t-e %ocus o% t-e

,((2 planning s-ould be on -andover per%ormance
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #"
Outgoing HO 0ailures
increased on t-e 40
t-

Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #5
Co Channel
andover >ailure Bet/een
0D8,,3. and 0D8)3EC.
N>"5, and N>"$5B are Co-BCCH causing BS*C
Con0usion 0or t-e .o/iles co.ing 0ro. N>"059C to
N>"5, causing a -ig- percentage o0 HO lost
Limited Internal NPI Training - Retainability !!"-!#-$! #?

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GSM Kpi Improvement Process and Guidelines 140604111529 Phpapp02

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GSM KPI Improvement

(-annel &llocation is t-e %eature t-at selects and allocates

(-annel &llocation Pro%ile .(2&P/ is t-e parameter t-at

9or S'((2 assignments1 (2&P ; prioriti=e ne0

Incorrect use o% S'((2 capacity %eatures suc- as

Location &reas not optimi=ed

SMS usage and (ell ,roadcast c-annel

Try not to use combined ,((2/S'((2 .S'((2/3/

>se t-e optional S'((2 capacity %eatures suc- as t-e &daptive

>se Immediate &ssignment on T(21 S'((2 %irst*

9or manual dimensioning1 use STS cell statistics

>se t-e Cricsson S'((2 'imensioning guideline*

>se L&P' STS statistics to evaluate L&P' congestion and

&naly=e border cells 0it- a large amount o% random

Ta4e into account Timeslot priority 0-en deciding 0-ere to

S'((2 'rops because o% Timing &dvance

S'((2 'rops because o% Lo0 Signal Strengt-

S'((2 'rops because o% ,ad Guality

S'((2 'rops due to 7t-er Reasons

Lo0 signal strengt-

Pat-loss Imbalance bet0een >L/'L

2ig- Timing &dvance

MS error or Subscriber be-avior

Transmission (ongestion .L&P' (oncentration/

2ard0are or Transmission %ailures

,S( and transmission problems can impact S'((2 drops so

S'((2 'rops on t-e -opping layer are normally s-o0ing 0orse

Lo0 signal strengt- in do0nlin4 and/or uplin4

,ad <uality in do0nlin4 and/or uplin4

Sudden loss o% connection

T-e MS sends measurement reports regarding t-e signal

I% t-e ,TS does not receive a measurement report t-e

I% a ne0 report is received t-e timer is increased by *

Lea4y buc4et* E-en reac-es ! call is dropped

&naly=e t-e %ollo0ing issues t-at could be possible reasons %or

T-e %ollo0ing issues o%ten cause T(2 Sudden 'rops8

T-e %undamental concept o% mobile communications is t-e

2&N'7+CR is t-e process t-at ensures t-at t-e user is

L7(&TING Is t-e so%t0are algorit-m t-at determines

(ategori=ation )8 T-e candidates in t-e ran4ing list are

T-ese categories are later used in evaluations and

& c-annel in a multislot con%iguration is not

7nly candidates t-at %ul%ill t-e %ollo0ing

T-e evaluation is t-en per%ormed as a ne0

T-e evaluation is only per%ormed i% t-e

&n evaluation is per%ormed to determine i% a

T-e criterion is based on t-e do0nlin4 signal

I% t-e serving cell is co-sited 0it- a neig-boring cell t-at

I% t-e MS is located in t-e overlaid subcell and a bad

& timer is used to prevent an immediate return bac4 to

T-e Intracell 2andover evaluation is not

T-e criterion %or determining i% an intracell

T-e criterion is %ul%illed 0-en t-e <uality is 0orse t-an

I% t-e MS is located in t-e overlaid subcell and t-e

& timer is used to prevent an immediate return bac4 to

T-e normal Locating is used in order to %ind t-e most

I% a better cell t-an t-e serving cell is %ound during t-e

&lso 0orse cells can be %ound1 and at congestion in t-e

2o0ever1 cells at a large distance %rom t-e nominal

T-e 2(S %eature provides t-e possibility to give priority

T-e appropriate level o% t-e su%%icient signal strengt-

Eit- lo0 inter%erence it is t-e noise level 0it- a sa%ety

Cac- cell s-ould be associated 0it- a L&SCR