KERTAS PENERANGAN
NAMA DAN KOD PROGRAM
TAHAP
TAHAP 03
05 FIELD MAINTANANCE
6.07
RECOMMEND
MANAGEMENT
OBJEKTIF PENCAPAIAN
PIAWAIAN / TERMINAL
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE
NO KOD
REMEDIAL
ACTION
RECOMMEND
REMEDIAL
ACTION
TO
MANAGEMENT ACCORDING TO (SOP) SO THAT
WORK IS PERFORMED AFFECTIVELY.
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06.07
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Many records must be kept in the nursery. A weatherproof office is needed for their accurate
preparation and self-keeping. They will include an inventory of seedlings, regularly updated;
details of all operations carried out and materials consumed; pump operating times with data
on fuel and oil consumption; times of irrigation to individual blocks of seedlings: rainfall
figures; labour use; and a daily diary which will note, amongst other things, pest or disease
attacks. Whilst most records will be summarized at the main plantation office some, such as
the numbers of seedlings, can be displayed on the nursery notice board, if only to impress the
neighbours. Refer Figure I and Figure II.
II.
FIELD INFRASTRUCTURE
Construction and maintenance of most field infrastructure roads, drains, culverts and
bridges is dealt with elsewhere. Like the nursery, the plantation may need a perimeter
fence with suitable gates. Because of its length, such fencing is always expensive. If it must
be electrified, or unusually high to exclude game, its purchase and construction will be one of
the major costs during the development period. Unfortunately, a fence only deters thieves. It
does not prevent the resolute ones coming and going. What may be stolen depends upon the
locality. In some places ripe bunches disappear, in others there may be illegal tapping for
palm wine. Almost everywhere, office equipment, vehicles, fuel and, of course, money are at
risk. The provision of watchmen and guards is one answer, often acceptable to insurers, but
in some places an armed security force may be the only way to prevent large-scale robbery.
Field notices, labels and numbers are important and often neglected. Direction signs are
invaluable to visitors and new employees. Not infrequently the only way for a stranger to find
the office is to follow the track with a telephone line! Plantation roads are rarely named but
the regular use of a standard name for the main roads can reduce confusion. All that is
necessary is to use the name of the place they lead to.
A standard system of numbering helps to identify fields, either verbally or on a map.
Numbering by year of planting i.e. 79/2, the second field planted in 1979, seems the best way.
Along roadsides and at junctions, such numbering must be fairly permanent. The use of
concrete posts is not uncommon but the easiest, and cheapest, way is to cut a flat spot on the
trunk of a mature palm, paint it black and then add the numbers neatly in white. Repainting is
necessary every three or four years.
Numbering bridge and culverts for future identification is also a common practice. Less
frequent, but at least as useful, is the numbering of palm rows and, again, the numbers can
be painted on the roadside palms. In this way, field operations, and the workers involved, can
be directly related.
A plantation notice board may not be a legal requirement everywhere but, in any case, one
should be erected near the entrance gate. It must be kept in good condition. If not, it will only
suggest to those passing by that the whole plantation is maintained in the same slovenly way.
Refer to Figure III.
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III.
CENTRAL COMPLEX AND TOWNSHIPS
Every member of plantation staff needs some office space and air-conditioning, if sufficient
power is available, will greatly improve the output of those who must spend long periods of
time in an office. The cool, dry air also helps to preserve the increasingly-sophisticated
electronic equipment coming into use. For example, computers are being used more and
more for the accounts, stores management, record keeping and the mundane task of word
processing. But they do not have a long working life in a hot and humid environment. Good
communications are important too. It must be possible to keep in contact with the outside
world by telephone, telex, fax or radio. Internal communications are important also and, on
many plantations. VHF radio links are maintained between field staff and their office.
In addition to buildings associated with the mill, many others are required at the central
complex in order to ensure operational efficiency. The following lists are intended as an aidememoire. They are not meant to be exhaustive or to indicate the requirements of every
plantation. Neither are they necessary listed in order of importance.
Office:
Manager
Assistant Managers
Accounting, Clerical and Field Staff
Storekeeper
Security Chief
Civil Engineer
Doctor
Buildings:
Services are supplied from the central area and the mill.
distribution systems:
Electricity
Water
Sewerage
Garbage disposal
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Unless plantation life is made as attractive as possible for all who live there, they may be
tempted to move away to the city with all its advantages. Therefore housing and related
facilities must be of the highest possible grade. In many countries there are minimum
standards for agricultural housing. These must be complied with but, wherever possible,
plantation housing should be even better. The provision of good housing is certainly an
incentive for workers to remain in the rural environment. An internal shower and toilet,
something still rare unfortunately, is greatly appreciated. So is a proper kitchen, which eases
the work of the female members of the family who often have a big role in family decisionmaking. Wherever possible, low cost electric power should be made available.
Houses for workers are usually built in long straight lines but a properly-planned town is more
pleasant to live in and need prove no more expensive to build. For example, on flat land the
houses can be built around, and facing towards, the sports field. Food gardens and pens for
domestic livestock are behind, next to the palms. In addition to the houses, and the relevant
services, each village also needs other facilities such as a clinic, shop, market, community
hall and a religious centre.
As far as possible, all buildings must be constructed of long-lasting materials and maintained
regularly. They will prove cheaper, in the long run, than temporary structures. Refer Figure
IV Figure IX.
The Senior Conductor knowing the estate infrastructure, if he detects any defects, he
immediately takes the necessary action. Example if a wooden bridge (temporary bridge)
damaged due to heavy rain and timber blockage, he acts immediately because this will hinder
the transportation of FFB to the Mill, workers to work and school going children.
He immediately works out the costing of installing new culvert bridge.
costing, he follows the order below:a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Based on the above requirements he prepares the estimate or costing and gets approval from
the Assistant Manager. Once the costing is approved he immediately acts and completes the
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Once the operation is over, he calculates the actual cost and prepares a report to the
Assistant Managers verification and approval. Based on the report the payment is made to
the Contractor Concern.
His simple report indicate the following
1. Problem of infrastructure
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INSTRUCTION
Circle the correct answer. (5 Marks)
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