Experiment 3

Topic : Volumetric analysis Acid base and redox

Purpose : To determine the mass of sodium ethanedioate used to prepare a
solution containing sodium ethanedioate and hydrated ethanedioic acid

Materials : KA 1 is a solution containing hydrated ethanedioic acid,
H
2
C
2
O
4
.2H
2
O, and sodium ethanedioate
KA 2 is a solution containing 3.5 g potassium manganate(VII) per dm
3

KA 3 is a solution containing 1.7 g hydroxyl ions per dm
3

KA 4 is 1.0 mol dm
-3
sulphuric acid
Phenolphthalein as indicator

Apparatus : Two 25 cm3 pipettes and pipette fillers
Two 50 cm
3
burettes
Six titration flasks
Two retort stands and clamps
One 50 cm
3
measuring cylinder
Two white tiles
One wash bottle filled with distilled water
One thermometer 0 C100 C (by 1.0 C)

Procedure : (1) 25.0 cm
3
of KA 1 is pipetted into a titration flask.
(2) Two or three drops of phenolphthalein indicator is added and this
solution is titrated with KA3.
(3) The reading is recorded in the table below.
(4) The titration is repeated to achieve accurate results.


Results :









Accurate
Titration Rough
1 2 3
Final reading/cm
3
16.30 16.30 16.40
Initial reading/cm
3
0.00 0.00 0.00
Volume of KA 3/cm
3
16.30 16.30 16.40
-
Sample report
(i) 25.0 cm
3
of KA 1 required 16.35 cm
3
of KA 3 for a complete reaction.

(ii) Calculate your average titre value showing the suitable titre values that you use.
Average titre value =
16.30 16.40
2
+

= 16.35 cm
3


Procedure : (a) 25.0 cm
3
of KA 1 is pipetted into a titration flask.
(b) 25 cm
3
of KA 4 into the titration flask.
(c) This solution is heated about 60 C and titrated with KA 2 until a
faint pink colour persists in the solution.
(d) Record your readings in the table below.
(e) The titration is repeated to achieve accurate results.

Results :









(i) 25.0 cm
3
of KA 1 required 24.85 cm
3
of KA 2 for a complete reaction.

(ii) Calculate your average titre value showing the suitable titre values that you use.

Average titre value =
24.80 24.90
2
+

= 24.85 cm
3






Accurate
Titration Rough
1 2 3
Final reading/cm
3
24.80 24.80 24.90
Initial reading/cm
3
0.00 0.00 0.00
Volume of KA 1/cm
3
24.80 24.80 24.90
-
Questions : (e) Calculate the concentration, in mol dm
-3
, of hydrated ethanedioic
acid in solution KA 1.

H
2
C
2
O
4
+ 2OH
-
C
2
O
4
2-
+ 2H
2
O

1 mole of ethanedioic acid reacts with 2 moles of hydroxyl ions

Using the formula
a a
b b
m v a
m v b
=
while m
a
= concentration of ethanedioic acid in mol dm
-3

m
b
= concentration of hydroxyl ions in mol dm
-3

v
a
= volume of ethanedioic acid in cm
3

v
b
= volume of hydroxyl ions in cm
3

a = 1
b = 2

Therefore,
(25.00) 1
0.100 16.35 2
a
m
=

2 -3
3.070 10 mol dm
a
m

=
The concentration of hydrated ethanedioic acid is

2 -3
3.070 10 mol dm

.


(f) Calculate the mass of ethanedioate ions, C
2
O
4
2-
, in 1 dm
3
of KA 1.

5C
2
O
4
2-
+ 2MnO
4
-
+ 16H
+
10CO
2
+ 2MN
2+
+ 8H
2
O

5 moles of C
2
O
4
2-
ions reacts with 2 moles of MnO
4
-
ions

Using the formula
x x
y y
m v x
m v y
=
while m
x
= concentration of C
2
O
4
2-
ions in mol dm
-3

m
y
= concentration of MnO
4
-
ions in mol dm
-3

v
x
= volume of C
2
O
4
2-
ions in cm
3

v
y
= volume of MnO
4
-
ions in cm
3

x = 5
y = 2

2 -3
3.5
2.215 10 mol dm
158
y
m

= =
Therefore,
2
(25.00) 5
2.215 10 24.85 2
x
m

=



2 -3
5.504 10 mol dm
x
m

=
The concentration of hydrated ethanedioic acid is

2 -3
5.504 10 mol dm

.

The mass of ethanediote ions in 1 dm
3
of KA l
= m
x
x molar mass of ethanediote ions
=
2
5.504 10 88.0

= 4.844 g

The mass of ethanediote ions in 1 dm
3
of solution is 4.844 g

(g) Calculate the concentration, in mol dm-3, of ethanedioate ions
which originated from the sodium ethanedioate salt.

The concentration of ethanediote ions from sodium ethanediote
=
x a
m m
=
2 2
(5.504 10 ) (3.270 10 )


=
2 -3
2.234 10 mol dm

The concentration of ethanediote ions from the sodium
ethanediote salt is
2 -3
2.234 10 mol dm

(h) Calculate the mass of sodium ethanedioate present in 1 dm
3
of
solution KA 1.

The number of moles of Na
2
C
2
O
4

= The number of moles of C
2
O
4
2-
in Na
2
C
2
O
4

=
2 -3
2.234 10 mol dm

The mass of Na
2
C
2
O
4

=
2
2 2 4
2.234 10 molar mass of Na C O

=
2
2.234 10 134.2

= 2.998 g

(i) Calculate the percentage of sodium ethanedioate in solution KA 1.

The mass of H
2
C
2
O
4
.2H
2
O
=
2
2 2 4 2
3.270 10 molar mass of H C O .2H O

=
2
3.270 10 126.0

= 4.120 g

The percentage of Na
2
C
2
O
4
in KA 1 solution
=
2.998
100%
2.998 4.120

+
= 42.12%

The percentage of sodium ethanediote is 42.12%.


(j) Why was solution KA 4 added to solution KA 1 before the
titration?

KA 4 solution was added to KA 1 solution to acidify the aqueous
potassium manganate(VII) so that it can act as an oxidising agent.

Conclusion : The mass of sodium ethanediote used to prepare a solution
containing sodium ethanediote and hydrated ethanedioic acid is
2.998 g.