GUIDELINES FOR EXAM NO.

4
As usual, no reference material will be allowed. Questions will be asked in a number of
formats including multiple choice, true-false, fill-ins and matching. You may also be asked to
describe a construction system or method using a short essay type answer with sketches and
labels. The material on this exam can be found in chapters 2, 22 and 2! of your textbook.
"e sure to look o#er the lecture notes and any other handouts or links gi#en to you during
lecture and lab. All such materials ha#e been posted to "lackboard and can be found in the
lecture folders for weeks $, and 2. %elated material can also be found in your lab
manual in &ab '!.
This list of topics and (uestions will guide you in studying for the exam.
. )now the basic ingredients used to make concrete * cement, aggregate, water,
admixtures. )now the difference between structural concrete and architectural
concrete.
portland cement+ ,ow is cement made- .hat are the four basic raw
ingredients- .hat is the purpose of gypsum-
.hat types of cement are made and when would you
use each type- /0, 00, 000, 01 and 1, also white
portland2
,ow many pounds per sack-
aggregates+ .hat range of particle si3es make up the coarse
aggregate- The fine aggregate-
.hat (ualities do we look for in a good aggregate-
.hy do we need both coarse and fine aggregate si3es in
a mix-
4i#e an example of a lightweight aggregate /expanded
shale2.
0n what members, slabs, beams, columns, footings or
walls is lightweight concrete most often used-
2. "e able to explain the relationship between the water5cement ratio and
compressi#e strength of hardened concrete. .hat effect does adding more water
to a batch of concrete /to make it more workable2 ha#e on the compressi#e
strength-
!. 0mportant properties of concrete are slump 6 compressi#e strength+
,ow is the slump test done- .hen is it done and who does it- .hat
does it measure-
,ow are cylinders made for the compression test- .ho makes them-
,ow are the cylinders cured- .hen are they broken /tested2-
.hat happens when the test for slump or compressi#e strength fails to
meet 7ob specifications-
.ho establishes concrete specifications in the first place-
8. %einforcing for concrete+
.hy use reinforcing- 0n general, where is it placed within the
concrete-
.hat types of steel reinforcing are common-
.hat information is shown on the markings that one finds on
deformed bars- ,ow is the bar number related to the bar diameter-
.hat common patterns are found in reinforcing for footings, walls,
and columns- /9ootings : longitudinal bars, trans#erse bars and
dowels, .alls : #ertical and hori3ontal bars in rows, ;olumns :
longitudinal bars in s(uare or round arrangement with ties or spirals2
.ho designs the reinforcing and what is the role of the fabricator-
,ow are the bars held in place during a pour-
.hat type of rebar is used in a moist en#ironment to reduce the
tendency for the bars to corrode-
<. ;oncrete co#er+
.hat is meant by this term- .hat is the purpose of co#er-
=. >labs+
"e able to name the different types of ele#ated slabs discussed in
lecture+ flat plate, flat slab with drop panels 6 capitals, slab 6 beam,
one way ribbed slab /7oist slab2 and two way ribbed slab /waffle slab2.
?. 9orms+
.hat are the components of a contractor made wall form- "e able to
identify parts on a sketch.
.hat are the ad#antages of using a prefab form system like >ymons
forms- @isad#antages-
.hat do form ties do- .hat types are used-
,ow are ele#ated slabs formed- .hat types of slabs re(uire pans to
form them-
A. )now the steps in#ol#ed in constructing a slab on grade, including the steps to
place and finish the concrete. .hat goes under the slab- /crushed stone, #apor
barrier, etc.2
B. )now the components and steps in#ol#ed in erecting the formwork for an
ele#ated slab system.
$. Cethods for transporting and placing fresh concrete+
.hat methods are commonly used- Ad#antages and disad#antages-
Think about which methods would be best for placing concrete in the
following applications+ /a2 the frame of a < story high rise building
/b2 a large slab on grade /c2 an in-ground swimming pool
. .hy is concrete consolidated- .hat is used to consolidate concrete- .hat can
happen if concrete is o#er consolidated-
2. .hat precautions should be taken when concrete is placed and cured in #ery hot
or cold weather, especially when slabs are being cast-
,ere is a list of technical terms you should know. Dote that there is a glossary of terms in the
back of your textbook.
heat of hydration
exothermic reaction
slump
water5cement ratio
key /keyway2
#apor barrier
ready mix concrete
shotcrete /gunite2
expanded shale
water5cement ratio
dropchute, elephant trunk
form releasing agent /form oil2
welded wire fabric /mesh2
pre-stressing 6 post-tensioning tendon
dowel
stirrup
column tie
column spiral
chair
bolster
slab on grade
concrete co#er /clear co#er2
concrete compressi#e strength
ganged forms
snap tie
wedge bolt
form liner high density o#erlay /,@E2
wales
braces
spreaders
shoring
re-shoring
consolidation, #ibration
honeycombing
screeding /strike off2
bull float
bleed water
sonotube
curing compound
waterstop
precast concrete
exposed aggregate finish