Power Cables and Wires Technical Manual 2010 Edition

2010 Edition
Power Cables & Wires

Technical Manual
Through the initiative of:
International Copper Association South East Asia
Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
ISBN 978-971-93962-8-4
iii
PREFACE
This book, Power Cables and Wires Technical Manual, was written to
address the need by consumers, specifiers, and purchasers to have a
ready reference guide in correctly specifying or ordering the appropriate
cables and/or wires that will satisfy their particular requirements.
Towards this purpose, a Cable/Wire Ordering Form, which appears in
Annex D, was developed so that the User will be able to indicate and
itemize his needs and give all data and information necessary for the
Wires and Cable Manufacturer or Supplier to be able to supply the wire
or cable that the User requires.
All components necessary for the construction of a cable or wire, from
the conductor to the insulator, are each discussed in this manual so as to
educate or inform the reader of its fundamental use or purpose to the
final product. Moreover, all the different types of material and their
characteristics have been identified and explained in this manual to
further elucidate the reader.
This publication was made possible through the initiative and support of
the International Copper Association South East Asia and the Institute
of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, who developed,
published and will propagate its use as reference.
Though conscientious efforts have been exerted to ensure the accuracy of
the information in this manual, comments regarding errors and omissions
are most welcome and highly appreciated. All suggestions will be
studied and considered for inclusion in this manuals next edition.
iv
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This Power Cables and Wires Technical Manual was developed into a
printed publication through the collaborative efforts among professional,
business and international organizations. In the course of the manuals
conceptualization, development and production, which spanned for more
than a year, several distinguished entities and individuals, have
generously lent their utmost participation, assistance, knowledge,
expertise and support towards the completion and publication of this
manual.
Special thanks are given to the Institute of Integrated Electrical
Engineers (IIEE) of the Philippines 2009 and 2010 Board of Governors,
headed by their Presidents, Engrs. Arthur N. Escalante and Gregorio Y.
Guevarra, respectively, for their insightful approval to engage the
Institute in this worthwhile project and sustaining the support until its
completion. Of course, all of this would not have been possible without
the initiative and patronage of the International Copper Association
South East Asia, whose representative in the Philippines is Mr. Jessie
Todoc. Further, we want to recognize the critical support, knowledge and
relevant materials contributed by the following Wires and Cables
Companies; Columbia, Phelps Dodge, Sycwin and Philflex. Moreover,
we would like to acknowledge the Bureau of Product Standards (BPS) of
the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) for the list of the existing
Philippine National Standards (PNS) on wires and cables.
Finally, eternal gratitude is given to the IIEE Adhoc Committee on Wires
and Cables, whose members are; Engr. Willington K. K. C. Tan, Engr.
Cesar Gatpo, Ms. Maritess Templonuevo and Engr. Ricardo Lopez Jr.,
who participated in the conceptualization and outline of the manual and
were instrumental in coming up with the Cable/Wire Ordering Form, and
whose indefatigable Chairman, Engr. Arthur A. Lopez, gave flesh to the
manual. Special mention is given to Engr. Feldimir Siao of MERALCO,
who conducted the review of the original manuscript and to Engr. Wilson
Yu for his valuable contributions.
Again, thank you very much.
vi
vii
Table of Contents
Preface iii
Acknowledgement v
Table of Contents vii
Introduction 1
1 Material Consideration 1
1.1 Resistance and Conductivity 2
1.2 Weight 3
1.3 Amapacity 4
1.4 Voltage Regulation 4
1.5 Short Circuit 4
1.6 Other Factors 4
2 Wire/Cable Manufacturing Process 5
2.1 Drawing 6
2.2 Annealing 6
2.3 Stranding 6
2.4 Bunching 6
2.5 Extrusion 7
3 Conductor Size 7
4 Stranding 10
4.1 Concentric Stranding 10
4.2 Compressed Stranding 11
4.3 Compact Stranding 11
4.4 Bunch Stranding 13
4.5 Rope Stranding 13
4.6 Sector Conductors 13
4.7 Segmental Conductors 13
4.8 Annular Conductors 14
5 Physical and Mechanical Properties 14
5.1 Conductor Properties 14
5.2 Tempers of Conductors 15
5.3 Conductor Direct Current (DC) Resistance 16
5.4 Conductor AC Resistance 19
5.5 Cables in Magnetic Metal Conduit 21
5.6 Resistance at Higher Frequency 22
viii
6 Insulation 22
6.1 Elastomers 23
6.2 Plastics 27
6.3 Insulation Resistance 33
7 Cable Design and Construction 35
8 Low Voltage Wires and Cables 36
8.1 Building Wires 39
8.2 Secondary and Service Cables 44
9 Medium and High Voltage Wires and Cables 49
9.1 Bare Conductors 49
9.2 Covered Conductors 53
9.3 Insulated Cables 57
10 Installation of Wires and Cables 62
10.1 Maximum Allowable Tensions on Conductors 62
10.2 Sidewall Pressure 68
10.3 Bending Radius 69
11 Packaging 72
12 Cable/Wire Application 72
13 Cable Installation Method 72
14 Color Coding 72
15 Reference Standards 73
16 Storage 73
17 Available Cable Handling Equipment at Site 75
18 Safeguards for Installing Wires and Cables in
Conduit 75
18.1 Before Pulling Wire/Cable 76
18.2 While Pulling Wire/Cable 76
18.3 After Pulling Wire/Cable 76
19 Safeguard for Switchboard and Similar Open
Wiring 76
20 Wire/Cable Ordering Form 77
Annexes 79
Annex A 81
Annex B 157
Annex C 165
Annex D 171
Bibliography 173
Power Cables & Wires Technical Manual
1
INTRODUCTION
One of the fundamental concerns of electrical engineering is the
transmission and distribution of electricity to its final utilization in a
manner that is safe, efficient and economical. The choice of conductor
material including size and design takes into consideration the operating
voltage, ampacity, mechanical properties, type of installation and overall
cost.
Electric wires and cables come in a wide variety of types and
construction. It usually consists of a low resistance conductor to
properly transmit electric current. They can be classified in various
ways depending on the factors being considered such as the material,
degree of insulation, service, or voltage application.
The aim of this manual is to provide sufficient information on the types
of wires and cables available in the market including its intended
application in order for the reader to make an intelligent selection. At
the end section of this manual, more detailed information are included
on the types and applications of wires and cables that an electrical
practitioner would generally need.
1. MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS
There are several high conductivity metals that may be used as
conductor. A conductor is a metallic material which allows electric
current to flow through it with less resistance. Table 1 ranked these
metals according to resistivity at 20C.
The best conductor material is silver but due to its high cost per unit
weight and being one of the precious metals, it is not economical to
use in the transmission and distribution of electricity. Comparatively,
gold with its excellent corrosion resistance and lower resistivity than
aluminum is also a good conductor but, same as silver, is very costly.
Thus, these metals i.e., silver and gold are only used in electrical
applications where low resistivity and corrosion resistance is of utmost
importance such as electrical contacts.
2
Copper with its inherent lower resistivity than aluminum is the preferred
conductor on certain applications. It is malleable and ductile. Also, it
has a relatively higher tensile strength and easily soldered. However, it
is more expensive and heavier than aluminum.
Table 1. Resistivity of Metals at 20C
Metal Ohm-mm
2
/m
Silver 1.5910
8
Copper 1.6810
8
Gold 2.4410
8
Aluminium 2.8210
8
Tungsten 5.6010
8
Zinc 5.9010
8
Nickel 6.9910
8
Iron 1.010
7
Platinum 1.0610
7
Tin 1.0910
7
1.1 Resistance and Conductivity
Resistance is the opposition of an object to the passage of electric
current. For direct current, resistance is dependent on the material
length, cross-sectional area and resistivity. The electrical resistance
of a conductor is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area or
diameter of a conductor i.e., the larger the conductor the less
resistance it has to the flow of current. Conductivity, on the other
hand, is the complete opposite of resistance.
Compared with copper, aluminum has a number of technical
disadvantages, all of which can be satisfactorily overcome to
benefit from its economic attraction. The advantage of its lower
density (about one-third that of copper) is partly offset by its low
conductivity of just 61% that of copper. Thus, an aluminum
conductor must have a cross-sectional area about 1.6 times that of
copper conductor to have the equivalent dc resistance. Such
difference is approximately equal to two sizes higher (i.e., in AWG).
3
The grade and quality of copper is very important and the high
conductivity copper used for electrical purposes comfortably exceeds
the 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard)
value. Conductivity is greatly influenced by impurities and by
mechanical working. Consequently, the purity is of the order of
99.99%, which nowadays is obtained by final electrolytic
refining. Fortunately, the mechanical strength of annealed copper
wire is adequate for nearly all types of insulated cable. If any minor
working of the material occurs during conductor manufacture, e.g. in
compacting to reduce the overall dimensions, allowance has to be
made for work hardening by increasing the copper volume to
compensate for the reduction in conductance. In an extreme case,
such as the use of hard drawn copper for self-supporting overhead
lines, this may amount to as much as 3%. Copper is invariably used
in the annealed condition except for the conductors of self-
supporting overhead cables. Solid aluminum conductors are also
mainly in a soft condition but stranded aluminum conductors are
H (hard) to H.
1.2 Weight
Although aluminum has only about sixty-one percent (61%) of the
conductivity of copper, its lightness makes long spans possible.
Aluminums low density is one of its important advantages. Also, its
relatively large diameter for a given conductivity reduces corona
(the discharge of electricity from the wire when it has a high
potential), which contributes to the losses of the wire. This makes
aluminum ideal for the transmission of high voltage power over long
distances. However, due to aluminums relatively low tensile
strength, the aluminum conductors are usually cabled around a steel
support wire to improve the total tensile strength of the cable. This
enables the relatively expensive transmission towers to be spaced
further apart without the wire sagging too much. Electrical
transmission lines are the largest users of aluminum wire products. In
fact, this is the one market in which aluminum has virtually no
competition from other metals.
However, the relatively large size of aluminum for a given
conductance does not permit the economical use of an insulation
4
covering. Hence, low voltage household, office, and factory
electric wires and cables are usually copper, which also does not
have the corrosion problems common to aluminum wires. In
fact, copper has been unchallenged as a conductor for all types of
insulated cables for well over seventy (70) years.
1.3 Ampacity
In general, current ratings of aluminum cables are about 78%-80% of
those of copper cables of the same conductor size. An aluminum
cable needs to be thicker than a copper cable in order to have the
same current carrying capacity.
1.4 Voltage Regulation
Reactance is negligible in all DC circuits and, in AC circuits with
small conductors of sizes equal to or less than 60 mm
2
. Voltage
drops for a copper conductor and an aluminum conductor with 1.6
times the cross-sectional area would be the same. However, in AC
circuits with large conductors, the resistance value is influenced by
skin and proximity effect, and the reactance becomes important.
1.5 Short Circuit
Copper conductors have higher capabilities in short circuit
operations than aluminum conductors. However, for covered and
insulated conductors the thermal limitations of the materials which
form part of conductor should be considered before making such
comparison.
1.6 Other Factors
Aluminum oxidizes rapidly when exposed to air, a thin corrosion
resistance film having a high dielectric strength forms quickly. Thus,
additional care must be taken when making connections. Material of
terminal connections should be taken into consideration since this
could corrode the aluminum conductor. Also, when a combination of
copper and aluminum conductors are to be connected together,
special technique or connectors are required to have a reliable
connection.
5
Small strands of aluminum conductor have lower bending tolerance
that these are not used in generating stations, substations or portable
cables. When there are space limitations, copper cables are the
suitable choice since aluminum cables are larger in size for the same
current carrying capacity.
Economics does play a vital consideration in the choice of conductor
but should include the other overlying cost involved to complete an
installation.
2. WIRE/CABLE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Copper and aluminum rods undergo several stages of processing before
they become wires or cables. Below is a flowchart of the wire/cable
manufacturing process.
Figure 1: Wire Manufacturing Process
Bare solid hard
drawn wire (1)
Bare stranded soft
drawn wire (1, 2 & 3)
Drawing
(1)
Stranding/
Bunching
(3)
Extrusion
(4)
Stranding/
Bunching
(3)
Extrusion
(4)
Insulated solid hard
drawn wire (1 & 4)
Insulated stranded hard
drawn wire (1, 3, 4)
Bare stranded hard
drawn wire (1 & 3)
Annealing
(2)
Bare solid soft drawn
wire (1 & 2) Insulated stranded soft
drawn wire (1, 2, 3 & 4)
6
2.1 Drawing
Drawing is the process of pulling the copper or aluminum rods or
wires at normal temperature through a die to reduce the cross-
sectional area in order to get the desired dimension. The wire is
deformed due to the tapering of the die and the force exerted during
pulling.
2.2 Annealing
Annealing is the process of softening the temper of the wire and
improving its cold working properties and machinability through
sustained heating at a pre-determined temperature followed by
cooling at a defined rate. There are many ways of annealing a wire;
the most common practices in annealing copper is the continuous
strand or resistance annealing wherein annealing is done by
means of a machine placed between the final capstan of a drawing
machine and the spooler so that the wire is drawn, annealed and
spooled in one operation.
2.3 Stranding
Stranding is the process where a number of hard or soft wires are laid
together geometrically in such a way that each wire holds its place in
the strand all throughout the entire length. Generally, the number of
wires in a strand is 7, 19, 37, 61, and could reach up to 91, 127 or
168 depending on the desired size or cross-sectional area of
the stranded wire. The lay of multi-layered stranded wires are laid
in opposite direction alternately in its succeeding lay with the
outermost generally being left-handed.
2.4 Bunching
Bunching is similar to the stranding process except that all individual
wires are twisted uniformly in the same direction without regard for
geometrical arrangement. It provides a more flexible
conductor than a single strand. A number of bunches twisted together
in the same direction and in uniform manner is called a compound
7
bunch. A number of bunches twisted together so that each bunch,
except the central one, has a helical form of pre-determined lay ratio
is a strandedbunch. A number of stranded bunches twisted together
so that each stranded bunch, except the central one, has a helical
form of pre-determined ratio is called a compoundstrandbunch.
2.5 Extrusion
Extrusion is the process where an insulation material is
continuously coated or applied around the conductor as it passes
through a die in the head of an extruding machine. The insulation
material in form of pellets, dice and the likes (can be plastic, nylon,
rubber, etc.) are placed in a hopper that is situated over a barrel in
which a screw revolves. The insulation material softens as it feeds
inside the heated extruder barrel then melted out over the core
material through the screw which forces the material along the barrel
and compresses it at the same time to convert the material into fluid
mass. The conductor emerges from the tip of the core with the
material stream inside the extruder head and the insulation is
formed to the required size and shape as the insulated conductor
passes through the die.
3. CONDUCTOR SIZES
Similar to most industries, standards for measuring conductor sizes had
been developed. A conductors size is usually specified based on the
conductors cross-sectional area or its diameter. Conductor sizes are
usually identified in accordance with either of the two predominant wire
sizes, the American Wire Gauge (AWG) which is originally known as
Brown and Sharpe gauge (B&S) or the Metric Wire Gauge (MWG),
which is the international standard (SI or IEC).
The American Wire Gauge (AWG) is used predominantly in the United
States of America (USA). The diameter of AWG No. 4/0 is 0.46 inch and
the diameter of the AWG No. 36 is 0.005 inch. The other 38 intermediate
sizes are governed by a geometric progression with the following
formula:
8
Thus, the ratio of any diameter to the next size is 1.122932.
The conductor diameter will approximately double after the next 6 AWG
sizes or it will be half after the next 6 lower sizes. For conductor sizes
larger than AWG No. 4/0, the size is expressed in circular mils which is
an arbitrary cross-sectional area of the conductor. It is computed by
multiplying the individual wire diameter in inches by 1,000, squaring the
result, and multiplying by the number of wires. Usually expressed in
kcmil (new term) or MCM (old term) which denotes thousand circular
mils.
The metric wire gauge is used by most countries in the world. It uses the
SI unit of square millimeters (mm
2
) to designate conductor size (i.e.,
cross-sectional area). However, the designated metric wire sizes are not
the precise sizes. IEC standard allows a variation of up to 20% in the
conductor area from the designated size.
In the Philippines, the wire sizes used are in metric but are, technically,
based on AWG sizes. That is, the nearest metric equivalents to the cross-
sectional area of the standard AWG sizes were adopted. Solid conductor
sizes are specified according to its diameter (mm), while stranded
conductor sizes are specified according to its cross-sectional area (mm
2
).
Table 2 shows the conversion table of the standard AWG sizes to their
metric equivalences.
A conductors size is directly proportional to its current carrying
capacity. Hence, the bigger the size of the conductor, the higher the
current it can carry or will be able to transmit for a given temperature.
Annex A shows the current carrying capacity of the various sizes of bare
and insulated, as well as, solid and stranded conductors according to their
application and method of installation.
For stranded conductors, the area is based on the sum of the cross-
sectional area of the individual strands. Stranding of conductors provide
the desired properties of flexibility, however, it also increases slightly
the overall diameter because of the small gaps between the strands.
Hence, a stranded conductor will always have a slightly larger overall
diameter than a solid conductor with the same size or gauge.
9
Table 2 - Conversion Table
(Nearest AWG/kcmil to mm
2
)
PEC (PNS) ASTM Metric (IEC)
mm
2
(mm. dia.) AWG/kcmil
(mm. dia.)
mm
2
(mm. dia.)
SOLID
(1.6 mm)
(2.0 mm)
(2.6 mm)
(3.2 mm)
14
12
10
8
(1.63mm)
(2.05 mm)
(2.59 mm)
(3.26 mm)
STRANDED
2.0
3.5
5.5
8.0
(7 x 0.6 mm)
(7 x 0.8 mm)
(7 x 1.0 mm)
(7 x 1.2 mm)
14
12
10
8
(7 x 0.615 mm)
(7 x 0.775 mm)
(7 x 0.978 mm)
(7 x 1.23 mm)
2.5
4.0
6.0
10
(7 x 0.67 mm)
(7 x 0.85 mm)
(7 x 1.04 mm)
(7 x 1.35 mm)
14
22
30
38
(7 x 1.6 mm)
(7 x 2.0 mm)
(7 x 2.3 mm)
(19 x 2.3 mm)
6
4
2
1
(7 x 1.56 mm)
(7 x 1.96 mm)
(7 x 2.47 mm)
(19 x 1.69 mm)
16
25
35
(7 x 1.71 mm)
(7 x 2.13 mm)
(7 x 2.52 mm)
50
60
80
100
(19 x 1.8 mm)
(19 x 2.0 mm)
(19 x 2.3 mm)
(19 x 2.6 mm)
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
(19 x 1.89 mm)
(19 x 2.13 mm)
(19 x 2.39 mm)
(19 x 2.68 mm)
50
70
95
(19 x 1.8 mm)
(19 x 2.17 mm)
(19 x 2.52 mm)
125
150
200
(37 x 2.1 mm)
(37 x 2.3 mm)
(37 x 2.6 mm)
250
300
350
400
(37 x 2.09 mm)
(37 x 2.29 mm)
(37 x 2.47 mm)
(37 x 2.64 mm)
120
150
185
(37 x 2.03 mm)
(37 x 2.3 mm)
(37 x 2.52 mm)
250
325
400
(61 x 2.3 mm)
(61 x 2.6 mm)
(61 x 2.9 mm)
450
500
600
750
(37 x 2.8 mm)
(37 x 2.95 mm)
(61 x 2.52 mm)
(61 x 2.82 mm)
240
300
400
(61 x 2.44 mm)
(61 x 2.5 mm)
(61 x 2.9 mm)
500 (61 x 3.2 mm) 1000 (61 x 3.25 mm) 500 (61 x 3.2 mm)
10
Left hand lay direction
Concentric Stranding
4. STRANDING
The conductor material may be either solid or stranded. A solid
conductor is a single, solid strand of conductor for the whole length of
the wire, while a stranded conductor is composed of several strands of
conductor concentrically wounded together over the whole length of the
wire/cable. For the same cross-sectional area of a conductor, there are
diameter differences between solid and various types of stranded
conductors. This is an important consideration in the selection of
connectors and in the methods of splicing and terminating.
Large sizes of solid conductors are too rigid for many applications that
the solution would be to have smaller wires and strand them together to
form the conductor. There are several ways of stranding the wires
together which is dependent of the type and temper of the metal used.
The following subsections will discuss the most commonly used
stranding for copper conductors.
4.1 Concentric Stranding
This consists of a central wire or core surrounded
by one or more layer of hellically applied wires.
Each layer is applied in a direction opposite to
the layer underneath, except for unilay
construction wherein the layers are applied in the
same lay direction. Lay length is the distance
required to make one complete revolution of a
strand around the central conductor. Lay length
requirement based on the American Society of
Testing Materials (ASTM) standard is for neither it to be not less
than 8 times nor more than 16 times the overall diameter of that
layer.
For power cables, the
standard stranding is Class
B. The outermost layer
should be of a left hand lay
which means that when you
go along the axis of the conductor the outermost layer of strands
should roll towards the left as they recede from the observer. More
11
Compact Stranding
Compressed Stranding
flexibility is obtained by using small strands and increasing the
number of wires in the conductor. Class C has one more layer than
Class B, Class D has one more layer than Class C and so on. The
class designation goes up to M (those normally used for welding
cables).
4.2 Compressed Stranding
This construction slightly deforms the layers
to allow the layer being applied to close
tightly. The diameter of the conductor can be
reduced by up to 3% of the equivalent
concentric strand. There is no, however,
reduction in the conductor area.
4.3 Compact Stranding
This is similar to compressed stranding except
that additional forming is done to reduce the
conductor diameter typically by 9% less than
its equivalent concentric stranded conductor.
The resulting diameter is a near solid
conductor.
12
Table 3 - Diameter for Stranded Copper and Aluminum Conductors
Conductor
Size
Nominal Diameters (mm)
Concentric Stranded Compressed Compact
Class B Class C
AWG
8 3.708 3.759 3.581 3.404
6 4.674 4.742 4.521 4.293
4 5.893 5.944 5.715 5.410
3 6.604 6.680 6.401 6.045
2 7.417 7.518 7.188 6.807
1 8.433 8.458 8.179 7.595
1/0 9.474 9.500 9.169 8.534
2/0 10.643 10.668 10.312 9.550
3/0 11.938 11.963 11.582 10.744
4/0 13.411 13.437 13.005 12.065
kcmil
250 14.605 14.630 14.173 13.208
300 16.002 16.027 15.519 14.478
350 17.297 17.297 16.789 15.646
400 18.491 18.517 17.932 16.739
450 19.609 19.634 19.025 17.780
500 20.650 20.701 20.041 18.694
550 21.717 21.717 21.057 19.685
600 22.682 22.682 21.996 20.650
650 23.597 23.622 22.885 21.463
700 24.486 24.511 23.749 22.276
750 25.349 25.375 24.587 23.063
800 26.187 26.213 25.400 23.825
900 27.762 27.762 26.949 25.375
1000 29.261 29.286 28.372 26.924
Notes:
1. Compressed and compact nominal diameters are based on concentric lay
stranded Class B construction.
2. The above diameters are based on ASTM specifications (converted into SI or
metric units).
13
Rope Stranding
Bunch Stranding
Segmental Conductor
Sector Conductor
4.4 Bunch Stranding
In this construction the conductor strands are
twisted together in the same direction without
any regard to the geometric arrangement.
Commonly used when very flexible wire is
required for small conductor sizes, such as
portable cables.
4.5 Rope Stranding
This is a combination of the concentric
conductor and a bunch stranded conductor.
The complete conductor is composed of a
number of groups of bunched or concentric
stranded conductors assembled concentrically
together.
4.6 Sector Conductors
The cross-section of these conductors is
approximately the shape of a circles sector. A
multi-conductor insulated cable with three
sector conductor cables have three 120
segments that combine to form a circle as a
finished cable. This cable have smaller
diameter than the cable with round conductors.
Also, these cables have lower ac resistance due to a reduction of the
proximity effect.
4.7 Segmental Conductors
A segmental conductor is a round, stranded
conductor composed of three or four sectors
slightly insulated from one another. This
construction has the advantage of lower a-c
resistance due to less skin effect.
14
Annular Conductor
4.8 Annular Conductors
The round stranded conductors are laid around
a suitable core. The core is usually made
wholly or mostly of non-conducting material.
This construction has the advantage of lower
total a-c resistance for a given cross-sectional
area of conducting material by eliminating the
greater skin effect at the center.
5. PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Although high conductivity is an important feature of a good conductor,
there are other factors that must be considered. Silver maybe the most
conductive material but high cost and lack of physical strength makes it
inappropriate for commercial usage as wire and cable. Thus, the
dominant metals used for wires and cables are copper and aluminum.
5.1 Conductor Properties
Copper and aluminum has its own advantageous and
disadvantageous characteristics that affect its use under varying
circumstances. A comparison o f s o m e o f the characteristics of
copper and aluminum is given in Table 4.
15
Table 4: Comparative Characteristics of Copper and Aluminum
CHARACTERISTICS (20
o
C)
COPPER ALUMINUM
Ultimate Tensile Strength (MN/m
2
)
soft temper
H to H
225
385
70-90
125-205
Hardness (DPHN)
soft
H to H
50
115
20-25
30-40
Weight for the same conductivity (kg.) 45.4 21.8
Cross section for the same conductivity
(mm
2
)
0.05 0.08
Weight Resistivity(Ohms-g/m
2
) 0.153280 0.076149
Volume Resistivity (Ohms- mm
2
/m) 0.017241 0.028172
Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (
o
C)
0.00393 0.00404
Thermal Conductivity (W/cm C) 3.8 2.4
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion per C 17.0 x 10
-6
23.0 x 10
-6
Density (kg/m
3
) 8890 2703
Melting Point (
o
C)
1,083 659
Modulus of Elasticity (MN/m
2
) 26 14
Stress Fatigue Endurance Limit
(approximate) (MN/m
2
)
+/- 65 +/- 40
5.2 Tempers of Conductors
Drawing copper or aluminum rods into a wire results in the
hardening of the finished wire. This causes a soft temper rod to
become a hard temper wire. It may be desirable to utilize a
conductor of softer temper in cable construction. This can be
achieved through an annealing process during or after wire drawing
or stranding.
Annealing consists of heating the conductor to elevated
temperatures for specific time periods. This is usually done in an
oven or by continuous resistance annealing at the drawing
machine.
Copper can be provided in three (3) tempers based on ASTM
standards. These tempers are soft or annealed, medium-hard and
hard-drawn. Soft or annealed is the most often used temper for
16
insulated conductors due to its flexibility. Medium hard-drawn and
hard-drawn tempers are most often used in overhead applications due
to their higher breaking strengths.
On the other hand, aluminum can be provided in five (5) tempers
based on ASTM standards as shown in the Table 5, below. Note
that the overlapping values showing the same conductor may
meet the temper requirements of two classifications.
Table 5 Tensile Strength of the Different Temper Classifications
of Aluminum
Classifications of 1350 Aluminum Tensile Strength
(in kg/cm
2
)
Full Soft (H-0) 597.6 to 984.3
Hard (H-12 or H-22) 843.7 to 1195.3
Hard (H-14 or H-24) 1054.7 to 1406.2
Hard (H-16 or H-26) 1195.3 to 1546.8
Full Hard (H-19) 1582 to 2039
Three quarters and full hard are the most common tempers used
with 1350 aluminum for insulated conductors. Full hard drawn
temper is most often used in overhead applications due its higher
breaking strengths.
5.3 Conductor Direct Current (DC) Resistance
The DC resistance (R
dc
) of a conductor of uniform cross section can be
computed as:
where, l = length of the conductor, meters (m)
A= cross-sectional area of the conductor, square meters
(m
2
)
= (Greek: rho) electrical resistivity (also called specific
electrical resistance) of the material, ohm-meters (-m)
for copper is 1.678 x 10
-8
-m at 20C
for aluminum is 2.65 x 10
-8
-m at 20C
17
Since resistance is temperature dependent, conversion of a given
resistance at a specified temperature to another is given by these
formulas:
Copper: Aluminum:
where, R2 = conductor resistance at temperature T2 in C
R1 = conductor resistance at temperature T1 in C
These formulas are based on the resistance coefficient of copper
having 100% conductivity and aluminum having 61.2% conductivity
based on International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS).
18
Table 6 - DC Resistance in Ohms Per Kilometer at 25
o
C
Size Solid Concentric Lay Stranded
AWG or
kcmil
Copper
*Uncoated
Aluminum Copper
*Uncoated
Class B, C
Aluminum
Class B, C
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
2.099
1.322
0.830
0.659
0.552
0.413
0.328
0.260
0.207
0.164
3.444
2.168
1.361
1.079
0.856
0.679
0.538
0.426
0.338
0.269
0.228
0.190
0.162
0.142
0.126
0.114
2.139
1.348
0.846
0.672
0.531
0.423
0.335
0.266
0.211
0.167
0.141
0.118
0.101
0.088
0.079
0.071
0.064
0.059
0.054
0.051
0.047
0.044
3.510
2.214
1.391
1.102
0.872
0.692
0.551
0.436
0.344
0.274
0.232
0.194
0.166
0.145
0.129
0.116
0.105
0.097
0.089
0.083
0.077
0.072
900 0.039 0.064
1000 0.035 0.058
*Uncoated without tin or lead covering
The resistance values of the different conductor sizes in
Table 6 are applicable only when Direct Current (DC) is
flowing through the conductors.
19
5.4 Conductor AC Resistance
When Alternating Current (AC), at sixty Hertz (60 Hz), is flowing
through said conductors, the DC resistance values have to be
multiplied with the corresponding correction factor (Table 7) to
obtain the AC resistance values of the different conductor sizes.
Table 7 - Multiplying Factors for Converting D.C. to A.C.
Resistance
Size
Multiplying Factor
For Non-metallic Sheathed
Cables in Air or Non-
metallic Conduit
For Metallic Sheathed
Cables or all Cables in
Metallic Raceways
Copper Aluminum Copper Aluminum
Up to 3
2
1
0
00
000
0000
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
1000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.001
1.001
1.002
1.004
1.005
1.006
1.009
1.011
1.018
1.025
1.034
1.039
1.044
1.067
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.001
1.001
1.002
1.002
1.003
1.004
1.005
1.007
1.010
1.013
1.015
1.017
1.026
1.00
1.01
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.10
1.13
1.16
1.19
1.21
1.22
1.30
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
1.02
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.11
1.12
1.14
1.19
1250
1500
1750
2000
1.102
1.142
1.185
1.233
1.040
1.058
1.079
1.100
1.41
1.53
1.67
1.82
1.27
1.36
1.46
1.56
20
If a conductor is carrying high alternating current, the distribution of
the current is not evenly distributed throughout the cross-section
of the conductor. This is due to two independent effects known as
Skin Effect and Proximity Effect.
5.4.1Skineffect
Skin Effect is a natural phenomena in wires wherein alternating
electric current (AC) tends to distribute itself within a conductor
so that the current density near the surface of the conductor is
greater than at its core. That is, the electric current tends to flow
at the skin of the conductor, at an average depth called the
skindepth. The skin effect causes the effective resistance of the
conductor to increase with the frequency of the current. The
higher the frequency the smaller is the skin depth. The skin
effect is due to eddy currents set up by the AC current. The
magnitude of the skin effect is influenced by the frequency, the
size of the conductor, the amount of current flowing, and the
diameter of the conductor.
Skin depth varies as the inverse square root of the conductivity
of the conductor material. This means that better conductors
have a reduced skin depth. The overall resistance of the better
conductor material is lower even though the skin depth is less.
This tends to reduce the difference in high frequency resistance
between metals of different conductivity. At 60 Hertz (Hz) in
copper, skin depth is about a centimeter. At higher frequencies,
skin depth is much smaller.
Likewise, skin depth also varies as the inverse square root of the
permeability (which is a macroscopic material property that
relates or is the ratio of the magnetic flux density to the strength
of the magnetic field that induces it) of the conductor material.
In the case of iron, its conductivity is about 1/7 that of copper.
Its permeability, however, is about 10,000 times greater. The
skin depth of iron is about 1/38 that of copper or about
220 micrometers at 60 Hz. Iron wire, therefore, is worthless as a
conductor at power line frequencies.
Methods to minimize skin effect include using specially woven
(braided) cable/wire and using hollow pipe-shaped conductors.
21
5.4.2ProximityEffect
The Proximity Effect is associated with the magnetic fields of
two conductors, which are close together. If each carries a
current in the same direction, the halves of the conductor in
close proximity are cut by more magnetic flux than the remote
halves. Consequently, the current distribution is not even
throughout the cross-section, a greater proportion being carried
by the remote halves. If the currents are in opposite direction,
the halves in closer proximity carry the greater density of
current. In both cases, the overall effect results in an increase in
the effective resistance of the conductor. The proximity effect
decreases with the increase in the spacing between cables.
Skin and Proximity Effects can be ignored with small
conductors carrying low currents. They become increasingly
significant with larger conductors and it is often desirable for
technical and economic reasons to design the
conductors/cables to minimize them. Values of skin and
proximity effects can be computed based on the formulas
provided by IEC 60287-1-1.
5.5 Cables in Magnetic Metal Conduit
Due to excessive hysteresis and eddy currents, all phases of an AC
circuit should be installed in the same magnetic metal conduits.
Never install individual phases in separate metal conduits under any
circumstances due to the high inductance of such installation. Also,
separate phases should not pass through magnetic structures since
overheating would occur in such situation. All phases should pass
through a magnetic enclosure together in order that there will be a
cancellation of the resultant magnetic field. However, the proximity
of the magnetic material will increase the skin and proximity effect.
Thus, there can be significant losses when large conductors are near
magnetic materials.
Large cable sizes from 100 mm
2
or larger should not be installed in
separate non-magnetic metal conduit due to the high circulating
currents in the conduit. The ampacity of the cables should be de-
rated in such condition.
22
5.6 Resistance at Higher Frequency
Ampacity and resistance of cables to be operated at frequencies
higher than 60 hertz should be corrected. The inductive reactance
increases at high frequencies which may affect the voltage drop.
Insulated conductors should not be installed in metallic conduits or
run close to magnetic materials.
The correction factor for the resistance at frequencies other than 60
hertz is provided as follows:
where, f = frequency in hertz
Rdc = conductor DC resistance at operating temperature
in Ohm/1000 ft
6. INSULATION
Insulation is that part of the cable or wire which is relied upon to
insulate the conductor from other conductors or conducting parts or
from ground. Insulating materials are usually classified according to the
temperature they are able to withstand. The applied insulation must
perform adequately in the specified temperature range and its dielectric
strength should be sufficient to sustain the electrical stresses.
There are many insulating materials used in producing the various
cables to deliver electric power depending on their temperature limits,
such as cotton, silk, paper, mica, glass fiber, asbestos, rubber, silicone
elastomer, etc. Sometimes insulating materials, such as cotton, silk and
paper are impregnated or coated with a dielectric liquid, such as oil, to
enhance their insulating capabilities.
23
Cable insulation should have the following properties:
1. High Dielectric strength
2. Low Dielectric Constant
3. Good mechanical capability
4. Resistance to ageing
5. High temperature withstandability
In recent times, synthetic polymers have replaced natural materials such
as paper, mineral oil and natural rubber for the insulation of wires/cables
and for the over-sheathing of cables. The range of polymers available is
extensive and variations in chemical composition enable specific
mechanical, electrical and thermal properties to be obtained. Where
appropriate, these properties may be further modified by the addition of
specific fillers, plasticizers, softness extenders, colorants, antioxidants
and many other ingredients.
In the cable industry, the term polymeric material is taken to signify
polymers which are rubbers or plastics. Rubbers are considered to be
solid materials, with elastic properties, which are made from latex
derived from living plants or synthetically and used in the
manufacture of rubber products. Plastics, on the other hand, are
materials based on synthetic or modified natural polymers which at
some stage of manufacture can be formed to shape by flow, aided in
many cases by heat and pressure. These two material groups are the
dominant means of insulating wires and cables.
6.1 Elastomers
An elastomer is a material which returns rapidly to approximately its
initial shape after substantial deformation at room temperature by a
weak stress and release of that stress. In cable technology, the terms
rubber and elastomer are used synonymously and
interchangeably, although rubber to some implies natural rubber.
Elastomeric materials are used for insulation and sheaths. They are
applied mainly where the product has to be particularly flexible. A
wide range of elastomers are nowadays available to the cable
industry. This makes possible the manufacture of compounds
with specific properties, such as abrasion and oil resistance,
24
weather and heat resistance, and flame resistance, combined with
good electrical and mechanical characteristics.
The classical elastomeric material, natural rubber (NR), was the
first insulation to be used in the manufacture of electric cable. Its use
as an insulation has been declining in recent years. Rubber gave way
to other insulating materials like impregnated paper, PVC, XLPE,
etc. Rubber, though, is still considered the preferred
insulation for flexible cables and cables where very small bending
diameter is desired. Rubbers for cable insulation and sheath,
whether natural or synthetic, are normally crosslinked.
In place of rubber, synthetic elastomers produced by the co-
polymerization of ethylene and propylene, are constantly finding
new areas of application in cable engineering. These co-
polymers are generally known as Ethylene-propylenerubber (EPR).
Because of its superior performance, with suitability for continuous
operation at 90C, EPR has gradually displaced butyl rubber for
insulation and is now being considered as over sheath material for
cable.
Polychloroprene(PCP), otherwise known as neoprene, was the first
commercial synthetic rubber. It has rarely been used by itself for
insulation but is often used blended with natural rubber. Its major
use is as a very tough flexible sheathing material.
Polychloroprene compounds have good abrasion and tear
resistance together with good resistance to swelling and to chemical
attack by a wide range of natural oils and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
They do not normally support combustion
Chlorosulphonated polyethylene rubber (CSP, CSM) have
superior electrical properties to compounds based on PCP and are
particularly advantageous for insulation and sheathing which is
required to be oil resistant. CSP also has good resistance to ozone
and weathering. When blended with EVA or EPR and filled with a
suitable carbon black, CSP compounds provide a strippable
dielectric screening material for XLPE and EPR cables in the 10-
30kV range.
25
Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR/PVC blends) is the
product of the co-polymerization of acrylonitrile with butadiene.
This range of polymers is characterized by good oil resistance. The
addition of PVC improves resistance to ozone, weathering and
abrasion. By suitable choice of plasticizers, improved
processability and flame retardance are also obtained. These
materials are used solely for sheathing.
Fluorocarbon rubbers find application for sheathing where very
good resistance to oils is required at high temperatures. The best
known material is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and
hexafluoropropylene(Viton).
Ethylene-acrylic elastomers (EMA) are heat- and oil-resistant
non-halogen synthetic rubbers which can be compounded to
resist ignition in the presence of flame and have low smoke
generation when burned. They are suitable for service
temperatures of 40-170C.
Siliconerubber is a material made from silicon and oxygen noted for
high heat resistance. This is very soft thermoset insulation extremely
flexible and fire resistant. It has excellent electrical properties plus
ozone and resistance, low moisture absorption, weather resistance,
and radiation resistance. It typically has low mechanical strength and
poor scratch resistance.
Table 8 shows the properties of thermoset insulation and jacket
materials
26
Table 8: Properties of Thermoset Insulation and Jacket Materials
INSULATION OR
JACKET
MATERIAL
S
T
Y
R
E
N
E
B
U
T
A
D
I
E
N
E
R
U
B
B
E
R
(
S
B
R
)
N
A
T
U
R
A
L
R
U
B
B
E
R
S
Y
N
T
H
E
T
I
C
R
U
B
B
E
R
P
O
L
Y
B
U
T
A
D
I
E
N
E
N
E
O
P
R
E
N
E
H
Y
P
A
L
O
N
C
H
L
O
R
O
S
U
L
F
O
N
A
T
E
D
P
O
L
Y
E
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
(
C
S
P
E
)
N
I
T
R
I
L
E
O
R
R
U
B
B
E
R
B
U
T
A
D
I
E
N
E
N
I
T
R
I
L
E
(
N
B
R
)
N
I
T
R
I
L
E
/
/
P
O
L
Y
C
H
L
O
R
I
D
E
(
N
B
R
/
P
V
C
)
E
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
P
R
O
P
Y
L
E
N
E
R
U
B
B
E
R
(
E
P
R
)
C
R
O
S
S
-
L
I
N
K
E
D
P
O
L
Y
E
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
(
X
L
P
E
)
C
H
L
O
R
I
N
A
T
E
D
P
O
L
Y
E
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
(
C
P
E
)
S
I
L
I
C
O
N
E
R
U
B
B
E
R
Oxidation Resistance F F G G G E F E E E E E
Heat Resistance F-G F F F G E G G E G E O
Oil Resistance P P P P G G G-E G P G G-E F-G
Low Temp. Flexibility F-G G E E F-G F F F G-E O F O
Weather, Sun
Resistance
F F F F G E F-G G E G E O
Ozone Resistance P P P P G E P G E G G-E O
Abrasion Resistance G-E E E E G-E G G-E E G F-G G-E P
Electrical Properties E E E E P G P F E E F-G O
Flame Resistance P P P P G G P G P P G O
Nuclear Radiation
Resistance
F-G F-G F-G P F-G E F-G P G E G E
Water Resistance G-E G-E E E E E G-E E G-E G-E G-E G-E
Acid Resistance F-G F-G F-G F-G G E G G G-E G-E E F-G
Alkali Resistance F-G F-G F-G F-G G E F-G G G-E G-E E F-G
Gasoline, Kerosene,
Etc. (Aliphatic
Hydrocarbons)
Resistance
P P P P G F E G-E P F F P-F
Benzol, Toluol, Etc.
(Aromatic
Hydrocarbons)
Resistance
P P P P P-F F G G F F F P
Degreaser Solvents
(Halogenated
Hydrocarbons)
Resistance
P P P P P P-F P G P F P P-G
Alcohol Resistance F G G F-G F G E G P E G-E G
P = Poor F = Fair G = Good E = Excellent O = Outstanding
27
6.2 Plastics
Plastics may be further divided into thermoplastics and thermosets.
A thermoplastic is a material in which the molecules are held
together by physical rather than chemical bonds. This means that
once the material is above its melting point it can flow. The process
is reversible and upon cooling the material hardens. The molecules
in a thermoset are held together by chemical bonds which are not
easily broken. This means that on heating the polymer does not
soften sufficiently to be reshaped. Typical examples are crosslinked
polyethylene (XLPE) and elastomers. Unlike thermoplastics,
thermosets are insoluble and infusible, i.e. it will not fuse together.
Many thermoplastics may be converted to thermosets by appropriate
treatment to induce crosslinking, e.g. by the addition of a suitable
chemical crosslinking agent or by irradiation.
6.2.1Thermoplastics
Thermoplastics are the most popular insulating materials for low
voltage wires and cables due to lower in cost and lighter weight.
Some of the most popularly used are discuss below.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Polyvinyl Chloride, also called vinyl, is a thermoplastic material
introduced in 1932. Since then, PVC has become the standard
insulation used on wires and cables rated at 1000 volts or less.
Vinyl compounds are mechanical mixtures of PVC resin,
plasticizers, fillers, stabilizers, and modifiers. The quantity and
type of each ingredient determines the final properties of the
compound.
PVC compounds can be formatted to provide a broad range of
properties from the standpoint of electrical, physical and
chemical characteristics. However, in achieving superiority in
one property, the other properties are usually compromised. The
goal, therefore, is to optimize the critical property or properties
without allowing secondary properties to fall below acceptable
levels.
28
PVC has a high dielectric strength and good insulation
resistance. It is inherently tough and resistant to flame, moisture
and abrasion. Resistance to ozone, acids, alkalis, alcohols, and
most solvents are also adequate. PVC compounds can be made
resistant to oils and gasoline. Its temperature ratings range from
60C to 105C based on basic formulation.
Disadvantage of PVC include a relatively high dielectric
constant and dissipation factor. Plasticizer loss through
evaporation or leeching eventually may cause embrittlement and
cracking. PVC compounds significantly stiffen as temperatures
decline, and are not generally recommended for uses which
require flexing below -10C. However, special formulations
have been developed which will allow flexing to up to -40C.
Polyethylene
Polyethylene is a long chain hydrocarbon thermoplastic material
which is produced by the polymerization of ethylene gas under
high or low pressure. PE is popular because of its relatively low
price, processability, resistance to chemicals and moisture,
electrical properties, and low temperature flexibility. PE is
produced in low, linear low, medium, and high densities. As the
density increases, so does the hardness, yield strength, stiffness,
heat, and chemical resistance.
PEs electrical properties are excellent. Typical values for a
natural, unfilled insulation compound include a volume
resistivity of greater than 10
16
ohm-cm, a dielectric constant of
2.3, a dissipation factor of 0.0002, and a water absorption of less
than 0.1%. However, if PE cables are exposed to sunlight,
carbon black or a suitable inhibitor is added to screen out ultra-
violet (UV) radiation. UV radiation can degrade both the
physical and electrical properties of the insulation.
A disadvantage of PE is that, like most plastics, it is susceptible
to degradation from treeing when it is subjected, to high
electrical stress. Treeing is a phenomenon occurring within the
cable, when subjected to medium to high voltages, wherein the
29
breakdown of the insulation due to ionization occurs through the
formation of carbonaceous fronds on the insulation due to the
presence of water or voids during the extrusion of the insulation
material at cable construction. The carbonaceous paths start at an
almost imperceptible carbon core, generally at the conductor
surface, and gradually spread outwards through the insulation,
increasing in width and complexity as progression takes place.
Corona discharges and treeing may lead to premature cable
failure.
Polypropylene
Polypropylene is a thermoplastic insulating compound with
characteristics similar to high density polyethylene with
improved heat resistance, tensile strength, and abrasion
resistance. Polypropylene also has a lower specific gravity and
lower dielectric constant than polyethylene. Polypropylene has
good impact strength, low moisture absorption, excellent
chemical resistance, high creepage resistance, and is useful in
high frequency applications. It retains these excellent properties
in cellular constructions. Typically, it is harder than
polyethylene. This makes it suitable for thin wall insulations.
Polyurethane
Polyurethane is a broad class of polymers noted for good
abrasion and solvent resistance which can be in solid or cellular
form. This thermoplastic material is used primarily as a cable
jacket material. It has excellent oxidation, oil, and ozone
resistance. Some formulations also have good flame resistance. It
is a hard material with excellent abrasion resistance. It has
outstanding "memory" properties, making it an ideal jacket
material for retractile cords.
Teflon
Teflon is an extremely reliable high temperature, low voltage
insulation often chosen for its non-aging characteristics, thin
wall insulating capability, resistance to chemicals and abrasion
resistance. Also, important is its low dielectric constant and low
30
power factor. There are two (2) types-TetrafluorethyleneTFE,
and FluorinatedethylenepropyleneFEP. Teflon is not damaged
by normal soldering operations. It is not suitable when subjected
to nuclear radiation and does not have good high voltage
characteristics.TFE insulation in tape form (often fused) is
widely used and can be provided in very long lengths. Type FEP
can be extruded in long, continuous lengths and is readily color
coded for use in control and instrumentation cables.
Tefzel
Tefzel ETFE is a melt processible fluorocarbon thermoplastic
combining many of the desirable properties of Teflon and Kynar
rated at 150C. Mechanically it is tough with excellent flex life,
impact, cut-through, abrasion and weather resistant. Electrically
it is an excellent low loss dielectric and has outstanding electrical
properties. It is inert to most solvents and chemicals and is
hydrolytically stable. Like irradiated polyethylene, it has
excellent resistance to high-energy radiation.
Table 9 shows the properties of thermoplastic insulation and
jacket materials.
31
Table 9: Properties of Thermoplastic Insulation and Jacket Materials
INSULATION OR
JACKET
MATERIAL
P
O
L
Y
V
I
N
Y
L
C
H
L
O
R
I
D
E
(
P
V
C
)
L
O
W
-
D
E
N
S
I
T
Y
P
O
L
Y
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
C
E
L
L
U
L
A
R
P
O
L
Y
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
H
I
G
H
-
D
E
N
S
I
T
Y
P
O
L
Y
T
H
Y
L
E
N
E
P
O
L
Y
P
R
O
P
Y
L
E
N
E
C
E
L
L
U
L
A
R
P
O
L
Y
P
R
O
P
Y
L
E
N
E
P
O
L
Y
U
T
E
T
H
A
N
E
N
Y
L
O
N
C
P
E
T
E
F
L
O
N
(
F
E
P
)
T
E
F
L
O
N
(
T
P
E
)
T
E
F
Z
E
L
(
E
T
F
E
)
Oxidation Resistance E E E E E E E E E O O E
Heat Resistance G-E G G E E E G E E O O E
Oil Resistance F G-E G G-E F F E E E O E-O E
Low Temp.
Flexibility
P-G E E E P P G G E O O E
Weather, Sun
Resistance
G-E E E E E E G E E O O E
Ozone Resistance E E E E E E E E E E O E
Abrasion Resistance F-G G F E F-G F-G O E E-O E O E
Electrical Properties F-G E E E E E P P E E E E
Flame Resistance E P P P P P P P E O E G
Nuclear Radiation
Resistance
F G-E G G-E F F G F-G O P-G P E
Water Resistance F-G E E E E E P-G P-F O E E E
Acid Resistance G-E G-E G-E E E E F P-E E E E E
Alkali Resistance G-E G-E G-E E E E F E E E E E
Gasoline, Kerosene,
Etc. (Aliphatic
Hydrocarbons)
Resistance
P G-E G G-E P-F P P-G G E E E E
Benzol, Toluol, Etc.
(Aromatic
Hydrocarbons)
Resistance
P-F P P P P-F P P-G G G-E E E E
Degreaser Solvents
(Halogenated
Hydrocarbons)
Resistance
P-F G G G P P P-G G E E E E
Alcohol Resistance G-E E E E E E P-G P E E E E
P = Poor F = Fair G = Good E = Excellent O = Outstanding
32
6.2.2Thermosetting
Most plastic insulations are thermoplastics, except for
crosslinked polyethylene which is the predominant insulation for
medium and high voltage cables. Other thermosetting insulation
materials are elastomers.
Crosslinked Polyethylene (XLPE)
Crosslinked polyethylene is a thermoset material produced by
compounding polyethylene or a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl
acetate (EVA) with a crosslinking agent, usually an organic
peroxide. The individual molecules of polyethylene join together
during a curing process to form an interconnected network. The
terms cure and vulcanize are often similarly used to
designate crosslinking.
While the use of peroxide as the crosslinking agent means that
only low density polyethylene can operate at higher temperatures
than cables produced with thermoplastic or non-crosslinked
polyethylene.
Crosslinking also significantly improves the physical properties
of the polyethylene. Additives tend to reduce the electrical
properties of the insulation. This is the reason that EVA
copolymer is used only for low voltage applications. For medium
voltage applications, crosslinked polyethylene fares well because
the dielectric strength of the unfilled crosslinked polyethylene is
about the same as that of thermoplastic polyethylene. Impulse
strengths of 2700 V/mil are common.
For low voltage applications, the addition of fillers, in particular,
medium thermal carbon black, provides increases in tensile
strength and hardness. It also provides the necessary ultraviolet
protection for outdoor applications without the use of a jacket.
The EVA copolymer is well suited to accepting up to a 30%
loading of medium thermal carbon black. Between 2 and 3
percent of very small particle size furnace carbon black is
incorporated into the polyethylene if sunlight resistance is
required without significantly reducing the electrical properties.
33
XLPE insulated cables may be operated continuously at a
conductor temperature of 90C and intermittently at 130C
during emergency conditions. XLPE has good low temperature
properties, shows increased resistance to corona when compared
with thermoplastic polyethylene, and has good impact, abrasion,
and environmental stress crack resistance.
Recent technology has resulted in XLPE insulation compounds
that are resistant to degradation from treeing. Two processes are
available for imparting tree resistance to the compound. One
involves additives and the other involves copolymer technology.
Additives tend to reduce the electrical properties of the
polyethylene insulation and one finds slightly lower values for
dielectric strength and slightly higher dissipation factor when
comparing the tree retardant insulations to the standard material.
For general purpose low voltage cables, it is possible to
incorporate up to 30% calcium carbonate into XLPE to reduce
the cost. However, to maintain the best electrical properties,
especially when immersed in water, the filled compound should
not be used.
In the Philippines, compounds incorporating approximately 30%
thermal carbon black are used. These have the advantage of
improved resistance to hot deformation and cut-through
resistance.
6.3 Insulation Resistance
In order that a reasonable factor of safety may be provided, the
following insulation resistance is suggested as a guide, where the
insulation is subjected to test:
a) For circuits of 2.0 mm
2
or 3.5 mm
2
conductors 500,000
ohms;
b) For circuits of 5.5 mm
2
or larger conductors, a resistance
based upon the allowable ampacity of conductors as
follows:
34
-70
-65
-40
-40
-40
-60
-40
-40
-60
-55
-20
260
200
105
105
105
150
130
105
80
105
80
-100 0 100 200 300
Teflon
Silicone Rubber
CPE
EVA
Hypalon (CSPE)
EPR
XLPE
Polypropylene
Polythylene
PVC (Premium)
PVC (Standard)
25 to 50 amperes, inclusive 250,000 ohms
Over 800 amperes 5,000 ohms
The above listed values shall apply to installations with
voltage of 600 V or less. For voltages above 600 V, the
minimum insulation resistance shall be 1,000,000 ohms per
thousand volts or a fraction thereof. The foregoing is to be
determined with all fixtures, switches, receptacles, and
wiring devices in place and connected.
c) Where climatic conditions are such that the wiring or
equipment is exposed to excessive humidity, it may be
necessary to modify the foregoing provisions.
6.4 Thermal Characteristics
Selection of the right insulation materials depends on the expected
operating temperature which the wire or cable will be subjected. The
nominal operating temperature in C of some the insulation materials
are shown in Figure 2, below.
Figure 2: Nominal Temperature Range of Wire Insulations in C
35
7. CABLE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
An insulated cable appears to be a relatively simple electrical device but,
in fact, it can be considered an electrical system with many components.
To understand it, let us examine its components and basics of operation.
For simplicity, the following discussion shall be confined to a single
conductor cable. However, these fundamentals also apply to multiple-
conductor cables.
The basic components of an insulated cable are the following:
a) Conductor materials that transmits electrical energy
b) Shielding also referred to as screening, are used for medium to
high voltage cables. Basically, the use of this stress control
layers is to achieve a symmetrical dielectric fields within the
cable structure. For some voltage levels, shielding may be
applied over the conductor. At higher voltage levels, it is applied
over the conductor and the insulation. This results in the
confining of all the voltage gradients to within the cable
structure if the shield over the insulation is essentially at
ground potential.
c) Primary I nsulation or Dielectric prevents leakage of current
from the conductor to the surroundings. It protects life and
prevents damage resulting from electrical discharge. It also
physically protects the conductor.
d) J acket also called sheaths, serve several purposes such as they
provide mechanical, thermal, chemical, and environmental
protection to the insulated conductors they enclosed, act as
electrical insulation when used over shields or armor, ease
installation and routing concerns by enclosing multiple insulated
conductors. They may also protect the characteristics of the
underlying insulation. For example, a thin nylon jacket over
PVC enhances the abrasion and fluid resistance of a 600V cable.
Sheathing may also include various forms of metallic armoring,
tapes, or wires to enhance the physical properties of the cable
and to provide a built-in protective electrically grounded conduit
for the insulated conductors. Commonly used jacketing materials
include extrusions of PE, PVC and Nylon. PVC, Nylon and PE
36
are applied using thermoplastic extrusion lines which heat the
material to the melting point and form it over the core. The
material is then cooled, usually in a water trough, and wound
onto a reel. Some heat is used to soften the material so that it can
be formed around the core. It is then necessary to crosslink the
material to obtain its full properties.
Depending on the customer requirement and/or the application, a cable
may be composed of a couple of the above-stated components or all of it.
For special cases, additional sheathing or armoring may be required.
An illustration of the construction and components of a medium voltage
power cable is shown below.
Figure 3: Construction of a Medium Voltage Power Cable
8. LOW VOLTAGE WIRES AND CABLES
Classification of voltage level seems to be arbitrary in most cases since
many standard governing bodies in the world do not agree as to the
divisions in the voltage level. IEC define low voltage as those 1000 volts
and below while ICEA define low voltage to be 2000 volts and below.
NEC and IEEE define low voltage as 600 volts and below.
Primarily all low voltage wires and cables are insulated except those
used as neutral or grounding wire. With reference to their cable
construction, they are non-shielded cable.
37
There are two basic components in a non-shielded cable. They are the
conductor and the electrical insulation, sometimes referred to as the
dielectric. A third component used in some cable designs is an outer
jacket. The figure below shows the construction of a low-voltage non-
shielded cable.
Figure 4: Low-Voltage Non-Shielded Cable Construction
Conductor
The conductor material can be copper or aluminum with either a solid or
stranded.
The primary reason for the use of stranded conductors is improved
flexibility. The stranded conductors can be compressed or compacted to
achieve desired flexibility, diameter, and load current density. For the
conductor size, there are diameter differences between solid and the
various types of stranded conductors. This is an important consideration
in the selection of connectors and in the methods of splicing and
terminating.
Electrical I nsulation or Dielectric
The electrical insulation must provide adequate physical and electrical
protection between the energized conductor and the nearest electrical
ground to prevent electrical breakdowns. For low voltage cables, 600
volts and below, the insulation thickness required to provide the necessary
physical protection against damage is more than adequate to provide the
necessary dielectric strength.
38
Electrostatic Flux Lines
Equipotential Lines
Another consideration in the design and application of cables is the
dielectric field. In all electrical cables, irrespective of their voltage
ratings, there is a dielectric field present when the conductor is energized.
This dielectric field is typically represented by electrostatic flux lines and
equipotential lines between the conductor and electrical ground.
When a conductor is energized there are electrostatic lines of flux created
within the dielectric. The density of these flux lines is dependent upon the
magnitude of the potential difference between the conductor and electrical
ground.
The distance between the equipotential lines represents a voltage
differential in the insulation. For a given voltage differential, these lines
are closer together nearer the conductor.
Figure 5: Electrical Field of a Non-Shielded Cable
Above figure represents the electrical field of a non-shielded cables
contact with a ground plane. It does not take into account the difference in
the dielectric constants of the insulation and the surrounding air.
Observe that the electrostatic flux lines are crowded in the insulation
closest to the ground. Also, the equipotential lines are eccentric in their
relationship to the conductor and the cable dielectric surface. This
distortion of the fields is acceptable if the dielectric strength of the
cable insulation is adequate to resist the concentration of the dielectric
stresses. Low voltage non-shielded cables are usually designed to meet
this requirement.
J acket/Sheaths
For special applications, a jacket is applied over the insulation. There are
several materials available for use as jackets to provide the necessary
chemical, physical, or thermal protection required by the application.
39
Low voltage wires and cables are primarily divided into two major
groups, the building wires and secondary and service drop wires.
8.1 Building Wires
Building wires comprises the largest group of low voltage wires and
cables which is primarily used in all residential, commercial and
industrial buildings. In the Philippines, the most common types of
these building wires are the following:
8.1.1BuildingWiresTypesandApplication
TW (Thermoplastic Moisture-Resistant)
The TW conductors are solid or stranded annealed (soft) copper,
insulated with a moisture resistant and flame retardant polyvinyl
compound (PVC). TW wire is used in interior wiring at circuit
voltages up to 600 volts. Maximum operating temperature is
60C in dry or wet application. Type TW building wire is used in
residential, commercial and industrial buildings for general-
purpose lighting, appliance, power, control and relay panel
applications. It is used for low ampacity rated circuits. This type
of wire may be installed in conduits, ducts or raceways. Type TW
wire is also suitable for installations in ambient temperatures
down to -10C.
THW (Thermoplastic Heat and Moisture Resistant)
The THW conductors are solid or stranded annealed (soft)
copper, insulated with a tough heat and moisture resistant, and
flame retardant polyvinyl compound (PVC). It is used in interior
wiring at circuit voltages up to 600 volts. Maximum operating
temperature is 75C in dry or wet application. It can be used for
general-purpose lighting, appliance, power, control and relay
panel applications. It is also applicable as machine tool wire and
appliance wiring material. It is used for medium ampacity rated
circuits. This type of wire may be installed in conduits, ducts or
raceways.
40
THHN/THWN (Thermoplastic Heat and Moisture Resistant Wire
with Nylon Jacket)
The THHN/THWN conductors are solid or stranded annealed
(soft) copper, insulated with a tough heat and moisture resistant,
and flame retardant polyvinyl compound (PVC) with oil,
chemical, and abrasion resistant nylon (polyamide) jacket. It is
used in interior wiring at circuit voltages up to 600 volts.
Maximum operating temperature is 90C for dry applications
(THHN) and 75C for wet applications (THWN). It can be used
for general-purpose lighting, power, control and relay panel
applications. It is also applicable for machine tool wire and
appliance wiring material. It is used for high ampacity rated
circuits. This type of wire may be installed in conduits, ducts or
raceways.
The other types of conductor applications and insulations are
shown in Annex B.
8.1.2BuildingWiresSizesandAmpacity
Size and ampacity of building wires are given in Tables 10 and
11, with reference to the Philippines Electrical Code based on an
ambient temperature of 30C. Use appropriate correction factor
specified in the Philippine Electrical Code for ambient
temperature other than 30C.
41
Table 10: Allowable Ampacities of Single-Insulated Conductors Rated
0 Through 2 000 Volts in Free Air, Based on Ambient Air
Temperature of 30C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(mm dia.)
Temperature Rating of Conductor
60C 75C 90C 60C 75C 90C
Types
TW,
UF
Types
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
ZW
Types
TBS, SA,
SIS, FEP,
FEPB,
MI,
RHH,
RHW-2,
THHN,
THHW,
THW-2,
Types
TW,
UF
Types
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW
Types
TBS, SA,
SIS, RHH,
RHW-2,
THHN,
THHW,
THW-2,
THWN-2,
USE-2,
XHH,
COPPER ALUMINUM
2 (1.6)
3.5 (2)
5.5 (2.6)
8 (3.2)
25
30
40
55
30
35
50
65
35
40
55
75
-
25
35
45
-
30
40
50
-
35
40
55
14
22
30
38
80
105
130
155
95
130
160
185
105
140
170
195
65
85
95
115
80
105
115
135
85
115
130
155
50
60
80
100
180
205
250
290
220
250
300
355
235
260
320
370
135
155
185
220
165
185
225
265
185
210
255
295
125
150
175
200
250
335
375
410
440
505
400
440
495
540
620
420
475
560
570
655
260
295
325
345
405
310
355
390
410
485
350
400
440
465
545
325
375
400
500
600
645
675
770
720
775
810
930
770
875
875
995
475
510
530
620
560
615
640
745
640
690
725
835
42
Table 11: Allowable Ampacities of Insulated Conductors Rated 0
Through 2 000 Volts, 60C Through 90C. Not More Than
Three Current-Carrying Conductors in Raceway, Cable, or
Earth (Directly Buried), Based on Ambient Temperature of
30C
Conductor
Size mm
2
(mm dia.)
60C 75C 90C 60C 75C 90C
Types
TW, UF
Types RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW, ZW
Types TBS,
SA, SIS, FEP,
FEPB, MI,
RHH, RHW-
2, THHN,
THHW,
THW-2,
THWN-2,
USE-2, XHH,
XHHW,
XHHW-2,
ZW-2
Types
TW, UF
Types RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW
Types TBS,
SA, SIS,
RHH, RHW-
2, THHN,
THHW,
THW-2,
THWN-2,
USE-2, XHH,
XHHW,
XHHW-2,
ZW-2
COPPER ALUMINUM
2 (1.6)
3.5 (2)
5.5 (2.6)
8 (3.2)
20
25
30
40
20
25
35
50
25
30
40
55
-
20
25
30
-
20
30
40
-
25
35
45
14
22
30
38
55
70
90
100
65
85
110
125
70
90
115
130
40
55
65
75
50
65
80
90
65
80
90
105
50
60
80
100
120
135
160
180
145
160
195
220
150
170
205
225
95
100
120
140
110
120
145
170
125
135
165
190
125
150
175
200
250
210
240
260
280
315
255
280
305
330
375
265
295
345
355
400
165
185
205
220
255
200
225
245
265
305
225
250
275
.300
345
325
375
400
500
370
395
405
445
435
470
485
540
470
530
515
580
305
315
335
370
365
380
405
440
410
430
460
495
Apply appropriate adjustment factors if more than three (3) current carrying conductors in
a raceway or cable with reference to the Philippine Electrical Code.
43
8.1.3ResistancesandReactances
Resistances and reactances of copper wires in magnetic and non-
magnetic conduits are given by Table 12, below:
Table 12: Copper Conductor Resistance and Reactance Data Line-to-
neutral, m/100 meter
Conductor
Size mm
2
(mm dia.)
Three-Single Conductor Cables
In Magnetic Duct Not In Magnetic Duct
Resistance
"R"
Reactance
"X"
Resistance
"R"
Reactance
"X"
Solid
2 (1.6) 846.24 24.63 846.24 19.48
3.5 (2) 528.08 22.83 528.08 18.07
5.5 (2.6) 331.28 22.11 331.28 17.52
8 (3.2) 216.15 19.88 216.15 15.91
Stranded
8 222.71 19.45 222.71 15.55
14 140.06 18.60 140.06 14.89
22 88.23 17.38 88.23 13.91
30 55.76 16.33 55.43 13.05
38 44.28 16.53 43.95 13.22
50 35.42 16.24 35.10 12.99
60 28.21 15.84 27.88 12.66
80 22.63 15.32 21.98 12.23
100 17.81 14.86 17.48 11.87
125 15.48 15.25 15.06 12.20
150 12.96 14.83 12.46 11.84
200 10.00 14.46 9.54 11.58
250 8.20 14.17 7.71 11.35
325 7.08 14.14 6.53 11.28
400 5.94 13.94 5.35 11.15
500 5.02 13.74 4.43 10.99
Note: Typical values, use exact values if available.
44
8.2 Secondary and Service Cables
These cables are used by Distribution Utilities in low voltage power
distribution. Both cables have the same construction; the difference is
in the application. Secondary cables are those that are connected to
the distribution transformer and traverses from pole to pole while
service drop cables are those that connect the customers service
entrance wires to the secondary cable or distribution transformer.
8.2.1Overheadsecondaryandservicecables
In the Philippines, majority of the distribution system are
overhead construction. Most overhead secondary and service
cables are multiplex cables with sizes that are typically based in
AWG. Cables are insulated by either polyethylene (PE) or
crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) material. Basically, these cables
are classified based on the number of conductors twisted together
(e.g. duplex, triplex, and quadruplex cables).
8.2.2Undergroundsecondaryandservicecables
Underground secondary and service cables are conductors
installed in conduit or directly buried in the earth and enter the
building metering facilities, switch, or service equipment. Type
USE service cables are similar in construction to the general
power cables for direct burial in earth.
Tables 13 & 14 show the characteristics of the different types of
Multiplex Secondary and Services Copper and Aluminum Cables,
respectively. While, Tables 15 & 16 show the characteristics of
the types of Single Conductors for Underground Service for
Copper and Aluminum, respectively.
45
Table 13. Copper Multiplex Secondary and Services Cables
Code Word
Phase Conductor Neutral
Cable
Weight
per 1000
ft (lbs)
Ampacity
Sizes
(# of
wires)
Insulation
Thickness
(mils)
Sizes
(# of
wires)
Rated
Strength
(lbs.)
PE XLPE
DUPLEX
Theta 8 (7) 45 10 (1) 529 95 70 85
Kappa 8 (7) 45 8 (7) 777 114 70 85
Sigma 6 (7) 45 6 (7) 1228 177 90 110
TRIPLEX
Pica 8 (7) 45 10 (1) 529 158 70 85
Garamond 8 (7) 45 8 (7) 777 177 70 85
Gothic 6 (7) 45 6 (7) 1228 273 90 110
Casion 4 (7) 45 4 (7) 1938 425 115 145
Primer 2 (7) 45 4 (7) 1938 588 155 195
Century 2 (7) 45 2 (7) 3050 664 155 195
Corinthian 1/0 (19) 60 1/0 (7) 4752 1055 205 265
Doric 2/0 (19) 60 2/0 (7) 5926 1319 235 300
QUADRUPLEX
Tallahassee 6 (7) 45 6 (7) 1228 369 75 95
Richmond 4 (7) 45 4 (7) 1938 573 100 125
Seattle 2 (7) 45 2 (7) 3050 893 135 170
Nashville 1/0 (19) 60 1/0 (7) 4752 1420 180 230
Lincoln 2/0 (19) 60 2/0 (7) 5926 1773 205 265
Raleigh 3/0 (19) 60 3/0 (7) 7366 2220 235 305
Denver 4/0 (19) 60 4/0 (7) 9154 2781 270 350
Ampacity figures for black insulation only. Based on conductor temperature of 75C for
polyethylene insulated conductors, 90C for XLPE insulated conductors, ambient
temperature of 40C; 2 ft./sec. wind in sun. Source: Southwire
46
Table 14: Aluminum Multiplex Cables with ACSR Neutral Messenger
Code Word
Phase Conductor Neutral
Cable
Weight
per
1000 ft
(lbs)
Ampacity
Sizes
(# of
wires)
Insulation
Thickness
(mils)
Sizes
(Stranding)
Rated
Strength
(lbs.)
PE XLPE
DUPLEX
Shepherd 6 (7) 45 6 (6/1) 1190 75 70 85
Terrier 4 (7) 45 4 (6/1) 1860 115 90 115
Chow 2 (7) 45 2 (6/1) 2850 176 120 150
Bull 1/0 (9) 60 1/0 (6/1) 4380 280 160 205
TRIPLEX
Voluta 6 (7) 45 6 (6/1) 1190 114 70 85
Periwinkle 4 (7) 45 4 (6/1) 1860 172 90 115
Conch 2 (7) 45 2 (6/1) 2850 262 120 150
Neritina 1/0 (7) 60 1/0 (6/1) 4380 420 160 205
Cenia 1/0 (9) 60 1/0 (6/1) 4380 414 160 205
Runcina 2/0 (7) 60 2/0 (6/1) 5310 520 185 235
Triton 2/0 (11) 60 2/0 (6/1) 5310 512 185 235
Mursia 3/0 (17) 60 3/0 (6/1) 6620 635 215 275
Zuzara 4/0 (18) 60 4/0 (6/1) 8350 789 245 315
Limpet 336.4 (19) 60
336.4
(18/1)
8680 1167 325 420
QUADRUPLEX
Hackney 4 (7) 45 4 (6/1) 1860 229 80 100
Palomino 2 (7) 45 2 (6/1) 2850 347 105 135
Costena 1/0 (9) 60 1/0 (6/1) 4380 549 140 180
Grullo 2/0 (11) 60 2/0 (6/1) 5310 677 160 205
Suffolk 3/0 (17) 60 3/0 (6/1) 6620 837 185 235
Appaloosa 4/0 (18) 60 4/0 (6/1) 8350 1038 210 275
Bronco 336.4 (19) 60
336.4
(18/1)
8680 1568 280 370
Conductor temperature of 90C for XLPE, 75C for PE; ambient temperature of 40C;
emissivity 0.9; 2 ft./sec. wind in sun. Source: Southwire
47
Table 15: Single Copper Conductors for Underground Service
Size
(AWG
or
kcmil)
Number
of
Strands
Composite
Insulation-
Thickness
(mils)
Composite
Insulation-
Thickness
(mm)
Approx.
O.D.
(Inches)
Approx.
O.D.
(mm)
Approx.
Net
Weight
per
1000 ft.
(lbs)
Ampacity
90C 75C
14 1 45 1.14 0.16 4.06 23 15 15
14 7 45 1.14 0.17 4.57 25 15 15
12 1 45 1.14 0.18 4.57 32 20 20
12 7 45 1.14 0.19 4.83 34 20 20
10 1 45 1.14 0.2 5.08 46 30 30
10 7 45 1.14 0.21 5.33 48 30 30
8 7 60 1.52 0.27 6.86 77 55 50
6 7 75 1.91 0.34 8.64 123 75 65
4 7 75 1.91 0.38 9.75 176 95 85
2 7 75 1.91 0.43 11 257 130 115
1 19 100 2.54 0.52 13.16 349 150 130
1/0 19 100 2.54 0.56 14.1 413 170 150
2/0 19 100 2.54 0.6 15.14 509 195 175
3/0 19 100 2.54 0.64 16.33 622 225 200
4/0 19 100 2.54 0.7 17.68 766 260 230
250 37 130 3.3 0.81 20.57 944 290 255
350 37 130 3.3 0.91 23.04 1273 350 310
500 37 130 3.3 1.03 26.19 1764 430 380
750 61 145 3.68 1.28 32.51 2625 535 475
1000 61 145 3.68 1.44 36.58 3443 615 545
Source: Okonite
48
Table 16: Single Aluminum Conductor for Underground Service
Code Word
Size
(# of Wires)
Conductor
Diameter
(inch)
Insulation
Thickness
(inch)
Insulation
Diameter
(inch)
Total
Weight
(lb/1000 ft)
Impedance (ohm/1000ft) *
AC Resistance
Inductive
Reactance
@60Hz
@ 75C @ 90C
CORNELL/XLP 8 (7) 0.141 0.06 0.26 34 1.28 1.35 0.047
PRINCETON/XLP 6 (7) 0.178 0.06 0.3 47 0.807 0.847 0.0447
MERCER/XLP 4 (7) 0.225 0.06 0.35 67 0.508 0.533 0.0426
CLEMSON/XLP 2 (7) 0.283 0.06 0.41 97 0.319 0.335 0.0409
KENYON/XLP 1 (19) 0.322 0.08 0.49 128 0.253 0.266 0.0411
HARVARD/XLP 1/0 (19) 0.362 0.08 0.52 154 0.201 0.211 0.0402
YALE/XLP 2/0 (19) 0.406 0.08 0.57 186 0.159 0.167 0.0394
TUFTS/XLP 3/0 (19) 0.456 0.08 0.62 225 0.126 0.133 0.0387
BELOIT/XLP 4/0 (19) 0.512 0.08 0.68 274 0.1 0.105 0.038
HOFSTRA/XLP 250 (37) 0.558 0.095 0.75 329 0.085 0.0892 0.0382
GONZAGA/XLP 300 (37) 0.611 0.095 0.81 385 0.071 0.0744 0.0377
RUTGERS/XLP 350 (37) 0.66 0.095 0.85 439 0.0609 0.0639 0.0373
DARTMOUTH/XLP 400 (37) 0.706 0.095 0.9 493 0.0534 0.056 0.0369
BROWN/XLP 450 (37) 0.749 0.095 0.94 547 0.0476 0.0499 0.0366
EMORY/XLP 500 (37) 0.789 0.095 0.98 601 0.0429 0.045 0.0364
DUKE/XLP 600 (61) 0.866 0.11 1.09 725 0.036 0.0377 0.0365
FURMAN/XLP 700 (61) 0.935 0.11 1.16 830 0.0311 0.0325 0.0362
SEWANEE/XLP 750 (61) 0.968 0.11 1.19 883 0.0291 0.0305 0.036
FORDHAM/XLP 1000 (61) 1.118 0.11 1.34 1144 0.0223 0.0233 0.0354
* At random (calculated as 1.5 x cable OD) spacing between conductors. Source: Nexans
49
9. MEDIUM AND HIGH VOLTAGE WIRES AND CABLES
There is no consensus among standard governing bodies like (i.e., IEC,
ANSI, IEEE, UL, NEC and others) concerning the classification of
voltage level. Thus, for clarity of this manual we will utilize IEEE voltage
level classifications wherein 601 V to 69,000 V is medium voltage and
69,001 V to 230,000 V is high voltage. Furthermore, conductors are also
classified according to their degree of insulation covering (i.e. bare,
covered, and insulated). Basically, construction of the wires and cables is
the same or similar for medium and high voltage applications.
9.1 Bare Conductors
Bare conductors are those without covering and primarily used for
overhead power transmission and distribution application. Insulating
medium is air wherein the conductors are spaced from each other and
any grounded object based on the system voltage. Insulators (e.g
porcelain, glass, and polymers) are used to support the conductors and
insulate these from the supporting structure such as tower or pole.
Copper and aluminum conductors are commonly used for this
application. However, there are instances where economics dictate the
use of conductors with low conductivity such as galvanized steel,
copper-clad steel (Copperweld) or aluminum-clad steel (Alumoweld)
in the distribution system. In such cases, the conductor losses are
lower than the cost of recovering the investment in the distribution
line if copper or aluminum conductor is used. In this field of
application, the most dominant conductor used by the industry is the
aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR).
The succeeding tables (i.e., 17 to 19) show the physical and electrical
data for copper and aluminum conductors.
50
Table 17: Bare Stranded Copper Wires Physical and Electrical Data
Size
(AWG or
kcmil)
Stran-
ding
Stranding
Class
Weight
Per 1000
ft. (Ibs.)
Dia.
(mils)
Hard-Drawn
Medium-Hard
Drawn
Soft-Drawn
(Annealed)
Allowable
Ampacity
Rated
Strength
(lbs)
DC Resistance
Ohms/1000 ft
@ 20C
Rated
Strength
(lbs)
DC Resistance
Ohms/1000 ft
@ 20C
Rated
Strength
(lbs)
DC Resistance
Ohms/1000 ft
@ 20C
8 7 B 51 146 777 0.6663 610 0.6629 499 0.6408 95
6 7 B 81 184 1228 0.4191 959 0.4169 794 0.403 130
4 7 A, B 128.9 232 1938 0.2636 1505 0.2622 1320 0.2534 170
3 7 A, B 162.5 260 2433 0.209 1885 0.2079 1670 0.201 200
2 7 A, B 204.9 292 3050 0.166 2360 0.165 2110 0.1578 230
1 7 A 258.4 328 3801 0.1316 2955 0.1309 2552 0.1252 265
1/0 7 A, AA 326.1 368 4752 0.1042 3705 0.1037 3221 0.1002 310
1/0 19 B 326.1 373 4752 0.1042 3705 0.1037 3221 0.1002 310
2/0 7 A, AA 410.9 414 5926 0.08267 4640 0.08224 4062 0.07949 355
2/0 19 B 410.9 418 6690 0.08267 4765 0.08224 4024 0.07949 355
3/0 7 A, AA 518.1 464 7366 0.06556 5812 0.06522 5118 0.06304 410
4/0 7 A, AA 653.3 522 9154 0.05199 7278 0.05172 6459 0.04999 480
4/0 19 B 653.3 528 9617 0.05199 7479 0.05172 6453 0.04999 480
250 19 A 771.9 574 11360 0.044 8836 0.04378 7627 0.04231 530
250 37 B 771.9 575 11600 0.044 8952 0.04378 7940 0.04231 530
300 19 A 926.2 628 13510 0.03667 10530 0.03648 9160 0.03526 590
350 19 A 1080.6 679 15590 0.03143 12200 0.03127 10680 0.03022 650
500 37 A, B 1543.8 814 22510 0.022 17550 0.02189 15240 0.02116 810
600 37 A, AA 1852.5 891 27020 0.01834 21060 0.01825 18300 0.01763 910
750 61 A, B 2315.6 998 34090 0.01467 26510 0.01459 22890 0.0141 1040
1000 61 A, B 3087.5 1152 45030 0.011 35100 0.01094 30500 0.01058 1240
Ampacity based on 75C conductor temperature; 25C ambient temperature; 2 ft/sec wind in sun.
Source: Southwire
51
Table 18: Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) Physical Data
Code
word
Size
(AWG or
kcmil)
No. of
Wires
Diameter (inch) Weight (lb/1000ft)
Rated
Strength
(lbs)
Steel Wire Al Wire
Steel
Core
Complete
Conductor
Al Steel Total
Turkey 6 6/1 0.0661 0.0661 0.066 0.198 24.4 11.6 36 1190
Swan 4 6/1 0.0834 0.0834 0.083 0.25 39 18.4 57.4 1860
Swanate 4 7/1 0.1029 0.0772 0.103 0.257 39 28 67 2360
Sparrow 2 6/1 0.1052 0.1052 0.105 0.316 61.9 29.3 91.2 2850
Sparate 2 7/1 0.1299 0.0974 0.13 0.325 62.3 44.7 102 3640
Robin 1 6/1 0.1181 0.1181 0.118 0.355 78.1 36.9 115 3550
Raven 1/0 6/1 0.1327 0.1327 0.133 0.398 98.4 46.6 145 4380
Quail 2/0 6/1 0.1489 0.1489 0.149 0.447 124.2 58.8 183 5310
Pigeon 3/0 6/1 0.1672 0.1672 0.167 0.502 155.9 74.1 230 6620
Penguin 4/0 6/1 0.1878 0.1878 0.188 0.563 197.6 93.4 291 8350
Waxwing 266.8 18/1 0.1217 0.1217 0.122 0.609 249.8 39.2 289 6880
Partridge 266.8 26/7 0.0788 0.1013 0.236 0.642 250.4 115.6 366 11300
Merlin 336.4 18/1 0.1367 0.1367 0.137 0.684 315.5 49.5 365 8680
Linnet 336.4 26/7 0.0884 0.1137 0.265 0.72 316.5 145.5 462 14100
Oriole 336.4 30/7 0.1059 0.1059 0.318 0.741 317 209 526 17300
Chickadee 397.5 18/1 0.1486 0.1486 0.149 0.743 372.5 58.5 431 9940
Ibis 397.5 26/7 0.0961 0.1236 0.288 0.783 374.1 171.9 546 16300
Pelican 477 18/1 0.1628 0.1628 0.163 0.814 446.8 70.2 517 11800
Flicker 477 24/7 0.094 0.141 0.282 0.846 449.5 164.5 614 17200
Hawk 477 26/7 0.1053 0.1354 0.316 0.858 448.6 206.4 655 19500
Hen 477 30/7 0.1261 0.1261 0.378 0.883 449.7 296.3 746 23800
Osprey 556.5 18/1 0.1758 0.1758 0.176 0.879 521.1 81.9 603 13700
Parakeet 556.5 24/7 0.1015 0.1523 0.305 0.914 524.2 191.8 716 19800
Dove 556.5 26/7 0.1138 0.1463 0.341 0.927 523.9 241.1 765 22600
Rook 636 24/7 0.1085 0.1628 0.326 0.977 598.8 219.2 818 22000
Grosbeak 636 26/7 0.1216 0.1564 0.365 0.99 598.7 275.3 873 25200
Drake 795 26/7 0.136 0.1749 0.408 1.108 749 344 1093 31500
Tern 795 45/7 0.0886 0.1329 0.266 1.063 748.9 146.1 895 22100
Rail 954 45/7 0.0971 0.1456 0.291 1.165 899 176 1075 25900
Cardinal 954 54/7 0.1329 0.1329 0.399 1.96 899 329 1228 33800
Curlew 1033.5 54/7 0.1383 0.1383 0.415 1.245 973 356 1329 36600
Bluejay 1113 45/7 0.1049 0.1573 0.315 1.259 1049 205 1254 29800
Bittern 1272 45/7 0.1121 0.168 0.336 1.345 1198 234 1432 34100
Lapwing 1590 45/7 0.1253 0.188 0.376 1.504 1498 292 1790 42200
Bluebird 2156 84/19 0.0961 0.1602 0.481 1.762 2040 468 2508 60300
Source: Nexans
52
Table 19: Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) Electrical Data
Code word
Size
(AWG
or
kcmil)
Resistance (ohm/kft) Reactance at 60 Hz**
Ampacity*
(A)
DC at
20C
AC at
25C
AC at
50C
AC at
75C
Capacitive
(megohm-kft)
Inductive
at 25C
(ohm/kft)
Inductive
at 50C
(ohm/kft)
Inductive
at 75C
(ohm/kft)
Turkey 6 0.642 0.655 0.75 0.816 0.751 0.12 0.139 0.144 105
Swan 4 0.403 0.412 0.479 0.522 0.715 0.115 0.131 0.137 140
Swanate 4 0.399 0.407 0.463 0.516 0.71 0.113 0.124 0.13 140
Sparrow 2 0.253 0.259 0.308 0.336 0.678 0.11 0.123 0.128 185
Sparate 2 0.251 0.256 0.297 0.33 0.674 0.109 0.118 0.121 185
Robin 1 0.201 0.206 0.247 0.27 0.66 0.107 0.119 0.122 210
Raven 1/0 0.159 0.163 0.197 0.216 0.642 0.104 0.114 0.116 240
Quail 2/0 0.126 0.13 0.162 0.176 0.624 0.102 0.112 0.113 275
Pigeon 3/0 0.1 0.103 0.121 0.145 0.606 0.0992 0.108 0.109 315
Penguin 4/0 0.0795 0.0822 0.107 0.116 0.597 0.0964 0.105 0.105 365
Waxwing 266.8 0.0644 0.0657 0.0723 0.0788 0.576 0.0903 0.0903 0.0903 445
Partridge 266.8 0.0637 0.0652 0.0714 0.0778 0.565 0.0881 0.0881 0.0881 455
Merlin 336.4 0.051 0.0523 0.0574 0.0625 0.56 0.0826 0.0826 0.0826 515
Linnet 336.4 0.0506 0.0517 0.0568 0.0619 0.549 0.0854 0.0854 0.0854 530
Oriole 336.4 0.0502 0.0513 0.0563 0.0614 0.544 0.0843 0.0843 0.0843 530
Chickadee 397.5 0.0432 0.0443 0.0487 0.0528 0.544 0.0856 0.0856 0.0856 575
Ibis 397.5 0.0428 0.0438 0.0481 0.0525 0.539 0.0835 0.0835 0.0835 590
Pelican 477 0.036 0.0369 0.0405 0.0441 0.528 0.0835 0.0835 0.0835 640
Flicker 477 0.0358 0.0367 0.0403 0.0439 0.524 0.0818 0.0818 0.0818 670
Hawk 477 0.0357 0.0366 0.0402 0.0438 0.522 0.0814 0.0814 0.0814 660
Hen 477 0.0354 0.0362 0.0398 0.0434 0.517 0.0803 0.0803 0.0803 660
Osprey 556.5 0.0309 0.0318 0.0348 0.0379 0.518 0.0818 0.0818 0.0818 710
Parakeet 556.5 0.0307 0.0314 0.0347 0.0377 0.512 0.0801 0.0801 0.0801 720
Dove 556.5 0.0305 0.0314 0.0345 0.0375 0.51 0.0795 0.0795 0.0795 730
Rook 636 0.0268 0.0277 0.0303 0.033 0.502 0.0786 0.0786 0.0786 780
Grosbeak 636 0.0267 0.0275 0.0301 0.0328 0.499 0.078 0.078 0.078 790
Drake 795 0.0214 0.0222 0.0242 0.0263 0.482 0.0756 0.0756 0.0756 910
Tern 795 0.0216 0.0225 0.0246 0.0267 0.488 0.0769 0.0769 0.0769 890
Rail 954 0.018 0.0188 0.0206 0.0223 0.474 0.0748 0.0748 0.0748 970
Cardinal 954 0.0179 0.0186 0.0205 0.0222 0.47 0.0737 0.0737 0.0737 990
Curlew 1033.5 0.0165 0.0172 0.0189 0.0205 0.464 0.0729 0.0729 0.0729 1040
Bluejay 1113 0.0155 0.0163 0.0178 0.0193 0.461 0.0731 0.0731 0.0731 1070
Bittern 1272 0.0135 0.0144 0.0157 0.017 0.451 0.0716 0.0716 0.0716 1160
Lapwing 1590 0.0108 0.0117 0.0128 0.0138 0.434 0.0689 0.0689 0.0689 1340
Bluebird 2156 0.00801 0.00903 0.00977 0.0105 0.409 0.0652 0.0652 0.0652 1610
* Ampacity is with sun and wind at 2 ft/s ** Reactance at 1 foot equivalent spacing
Source: Nexans
53
9.2 Covered Conductors
Covered conductors are bare conductors with thin insulation covering
used for overhead power distribution system. These are used for
power distribution circuits that transverse along routes with heavy
tree growth. The covering does not fully insulate the conductor but it
is thick enough to reduce the chances of flashover whenever a tree
branch falls between the conductors. Covered conductor is also
commonly known as treewire. Also, it helps minimize faults caused
by animals and enable distribution utilities to utilize conductor
configurations with tight spacing. Covered conductors are commonly
used as a cost-effective method for increasing overhead line
reliability.
The conductor materials are typically copper or aluminum or other
conductors designed to give a balance between strength and
conductivity such as ACSR. Tree wire is commonly covered by
insulating materials such as polyethylene, XLPE, or EPR. Insulation
thickness typically ranges from 30 to 150 mils. Tree wires must
always be treated as bare conductors. However, closer spacings are
allowed for this type of conductor.
While covered conductors help against trees, it has several setbacks
compared to bare conductors. The covering may be susceptible to
degradation due to ultraviolet radiation, tracking, and mechanical
effects that cause cracking. Also, covered conductors are susceptible
to burn-downs. Burn-down is when a conductor burns through or
melts and falls to the ground. A covered conductor line can suffer
burn-down due to lightning strikes, excessive tracking over time,
vibration fatigue or tree branches falling on the line. The risk of burn-
down can be reduced by suitable lightning protection systems,
reduction of electrical stresses, improved tree trimming, reduced
carbon black content in the sheath material, and proper installation
and tensioning.
The additional covering adds cost to the conductor such that a
covered conductor line would cost about at least 20% more than a
bare conductor line. Covered conductors are heavier and have larger
diameters so wind loading is higher than bare conductors. Also, a
damage cover makes it susceptible to corrosion, primarily from water.
54
If water penetrates the covering, it settles at the low points and causes
corrosion since the covering prevents the trapped water from
evaporating. Water enters the conductor at pinholes caused by
lightning strikes, cover damage caused by abrasion, and at holes
pierced by connectors. In contrast, rain simply washes over bare
conductors and evaporation takes care of moisture.
There will be a low charging current flowing along the covered
conductor sheath since its surface is insulating but not fully insulated.
This arises because the sheath forms an insulating layer between the
high voltage conductor (metal) and the pin or post insulator to earth.
This current will normally be less than 0.3mA which flows phase-
phase or phase-ground. This current is held low to reduce tracking
and erosion, especially under polluted conditions. Metal helical ties
form an intermediate electrode and can cause discharge problems at
the ends if bare. Connecting helical ties with any insulating piercing
connectors (IPCs) or use of semi-conducting plastic ties eliminates
this problem.
For a covered conductor line, insulation piercing connectors (IPC) are
used. IPC contains teeth that penetrate through the insulation to have
contact with the conductor and complete a connection.
Tables 20 and 21 show the relevant data of Copper and ACSR
Covered Conductors, respectively.
Spacer cables are also alternatives to Covered Cables and perform
well in areas with dense trees. Spacer cables are of bundled
configuration using a messenger wire with a polymetric support
cradle holding up the three phases. The spacer cables reactive
impedance is smaller because it significantly reduces spacing than
typical overhead constructions.
55
Table 20: Copper Single Layer Covered Conductors Data
Size
(AWG
or
kcmil)
Stran-
ding
Cover
Thick.
(mils)
O.D.
Covered
(mils)
Copper
Content
Per
1000 ft.
(lbs.)
Weight Per
1000 ft. (lbs.)
DC
Resistance
/1000
ft.@20C
Allowable
Ampacity
+
XLPE PE
6 7 30 238 81 90.3 90.3 0.503 130
4 7 30 285 128.9 140.8 140.8 0.316 175
2 7 45 373 204.9 227.1 227.1 0.199 230
1/0 7 60 477 326.1 363.3 363.3 0.125 305
2/0 7 60 522 410.9 453.3 453.3 0.0992 350
3/0 7 60 570 518.1 565.6 565.6 0.0788 405
4/0 7 60 626 653.3 707.6 707.6 0.0625 465
250 19 60 677 771.9 825.4 825.4 0.0530 520
300 19 60 729 926.2 984.6 984.6 0.0442 580
350 19 60 779 1080.6 1144.5 1144.5 0.0380 640
500 37 80 950 1543.8 1637.2 1637.2 0.0278 785
750 61 80 1128 2315.6 2422.8 2422.8 0.0182 995
1000 61 95 1307 3087.5 3234 3234 0.0140 1180
Source: Southwire
56
Table 21: 2-Layer 15kV ACSR Tree Wire
Size
(AWG
or
kcmil)
Stranding
Conductor
Diameter
(mils)
Covering
Thickness
(mils)
Cable
O.D.
(mils)
Rated
Strength
(lbs)
Weight
per
1000
ft. (lbs)
Inner
Layer
Outer
Layer
1/0 6/1 398 75 75 698 4161 255
2/0 6/1 447 75 75 747 5045 303
3/0 6/1 502 75 75 802 6289 362
4/0 6/1 563 75 75 863 7933 432
266.8 18/1 609 75 75 909 6536 441
266.8 26/7 642 75 75 942 10735 452
336.4 18/1 684 75 75 984 8246 536
336.4 26/7 720 75 75 1020 13395 555
336.4 30/7 741 75 75 1041 16435 621
397.5 18/1 743 75 75 1043 9443 611
397.5 24/7 772 75 75 1072 13870 609
477 24/7 846 75 75 1146 16340 719
477 26/7 858 75 75 1158 18525 762
477 30/7 883 75 75 1183 22610 854
556.5 18/1 879 75 75 1179 13015 813
556.5 24/7 914 75 75 1214 18810 828
556.5 26/7 927 75 75 1227 21470 878
636 18/1 940 75 75 1240 14915 912
636 24/7 977 75 75 1277 20900 936
636 26/7 990 75 75 1290 23940 993
795 26/7 1108 80 80 1428 29925 1234
795 45/7 1063 80 80 1383 20995 1031
Source: Southwire
57
9.3 Insulated Cables
Majority of insulated cables are utilized for underground
transmission and distribution systems. Being insulated for voltages
higher than 2 kV, that these cables are typically shielded.
9.3.1Construction
The fundamental difference between non-shielded and shielded
cables is the inclusion of outer conducting components in the
cable system. The basic components of a shielded cable are
shown below.
Figure 6: Construction of Shielded Power Cable
Conductor
The conductors used in shielded cables are basically the same as
those used in non-shielded cables, with copper and aluminum as
the conductor.
Conductor Shield or Screen
The conductor shield is usually a semi-conducting material
applied over the conductor circumference to shield out the surface
irregularities of the conductor. With this shield, the resulting
dielectric field lines will not be distorted by the shape of the outer
strands or other conductor contours. It prevents the formation of
destructive discharges at the interface between the conductor and
insulation. Otherwise, the electrical stress around the conductors
would produce partial discharges on the surface of the insulation
which deteriorates it and eventually results to cable failure. Also,
it is essential that this stress control layer be compatible with the
conductor and the cable insulation.
58
This layer also provides a smooth and compatible surface for
the application of the insulation. The conductor shield is
extruded simultaneously with the insulation for a void-free bond
between conductor shield and insulation. The shield may also
be used to facilitate splicing and termination of the cable.
Insulation
This is the part of the cable that is relied upon to insulate the
conductor from other conductor or conductive object or from
ground. The differences between the insulation for shielded cables
as compared to non-shielded cables include material, process
technology, and testing. The insulation thickness is primarily
influenced by the operating voltage. Therefore, the higher the
voltage, the thicker the insulation.
Insulation Shield or Screen
This absorbs the symmetrical radial stresses and discharges on the
surfaces of the insulation. It protects the cables from induced
potentials. Shields help attenuate, make uniform and reduce the
surge potential stresses on the insulation. It increases safety to
humans and removes the risk of fire due to electrical discharges on
the cable surface.
The insulation shield or screen is a two-part system composed of
an auxiliary and a primary shield.
An auxiliaryshieldis usually a semi-conducting, non-metallic
material over the insulation circumference. It must be smooth,
compatible with the insulation, and exhibit an acceptably low
voltage drop throughout its thickness. A commonly used
auxiliary shield consists of an extruded semi-conducting
polymer to permit easy removal during field termination, but
yet to remain uniformly bonded to the insulation throughout
the cable length.
A primary shield is a metallic shield over the circumference
of the auxiliary shield. It may consist of copper tape or
Concentric Neutral (CN) wires. These concentric neutral
wires are usually annealed.
59
CN wires serve two purposes, namely; they function as the
metallic component of the insulation shield and as a
conductor for the neutral return current. Their cross-
sectional area must be properly sized in order to function as
the neutral conductor.
The primary shield must be capable of conducting the
summation of the leakage currents to the nearest ground
with an acceptable voltage drop. In some cases, it must also be
capable of conducting fault currents.
The primary shield, by itself, without an intervening auxiliary
shield, cannot achieve acceptable physical contact with the
insulation surface. A relatively resilient auxiliary shield is
necessary to eliminate arcing between the insulation surface
and the primary shield.
If the insulation shield is effectively at ground potential, no
resulting distortion of the electrostatic flux or equipotential lines
will occur. The grounding of the insulation shield is the electrical
connection between the metallic component of the insulation
shield and the system ground. This grounding of the insulation
shield results in symmetrical dielectric fields. Electrostatic flux
lines are spaced symmetrically and perpendicular to equipotential
lines. The equipotential lines are concentric and parallel with
respect to each other, the conductor shield and the insulation
shield. The presence of the shielding results in field lines as
depicted in Figure 7. In addition, grounding promotes personnel
safety by minimizing potentials on the outer surface of the cable
and its accessories.
The shielding of the cable system can either be single-
pointed or multiple-pointed grounding. A single-point grounded
systemis frequently referred to as an open circuit shield. Since
the shield is grounded at a single point, there is no closed loop
for the flow of induced shield currents. A multiple-point
grounded system, on the other hand, is one that has grounds at
more than one point. It is frequently called a closed or short-
circuit shield system.
60
Each of the arrangements has its particular advantages and
disadvantages for selection. Knowledge of the total system
should be taken into account when making these decisions.
In a shielded cable, the voltage difference between
conductor and electrical ground is contained within the cable.
For a non-shielded cable, the voltage difference between
conductor and electrical ground is divided between the cable
insulation and any intervening air or other materials.
Figure 7: Electrical Field of a Shielded Cable
Insulation
Conductor
Conductor Shield
Insulation Shield
Electrostatic Flux Lines
Equipotential Lines
61
In Figure 7, observe that the field lines are closer to each other
near the conductor shield as compared to the insulation shield.
The radial stresses or voltage gradients increase near the
conductor.
J ackets/Sheaths
These cable components provide environmental protection over
the insulation shielding system. The material used can be an
extruded jacket of synthetic material, metal sheaths/wires,
armoring, or a combination of these types of materials.
9.3.2Electrical LossesinCables
When the cable is energized and carrying load, heat, which must
be dissipated to the surrounding medium, is generated by the
conductor, dielectric and sheath losses.
The heat generated by these losses in the conductor, the
dielectric, the sheath and armor has to pass to the surrounding
medium, which may be the ground, air, water or some other
material. The current carrying capacity of an electric cable is
normally dictated by the maximum temperature of the conductor.
The components of the cable, in addition to meeting the
electrical requirements, must also have as low a thermal
resistivity, as possible, to ensure that the heat can be dissipated
efficiently. If the rate of rise of heat generation is greater than the
rate of rise of heat dissipation, the cable temperature will
continue to increase which will result in the overheating of the
cable and eventual breakdown.
9.3.3Advantagesof ShieldedCables
Electrical insulation surrounding a conductor creates a capacitor
when the conductor is electrically energized. Thus, all insulated
conductors are capacitors.
In the majority of non-shielded cable systems, the cable surface
makes intermittent contact with an electrical ground. Where
intimate contact with this ground is not made, the intervening air
62
spaces also act primarily as capacitors in ac circuits and as
resistors in dc circuits. This forms a series of cable dielectric and
air dielectric. Voltage across this circuit varies along the length
of the cable depending on the voltage across the air gap. The
cable surface becomes a floating voltage point in a voltage
divider. This floating point voltage can vary considerably,
depending on the cable design and the characteristics of the air
gap. If the voltage is high enough, the cable surface can
experience detrimental surface tracking of arcing discharges to
electrical ground. The cable surface can also become potentially
hazardous causing an electrical shock if contacted by field
personnel.
Shielding the cable insulation surface and grounding of this
shielding eliminates tracking and arcing discharges. The
grounding of this shield prevents the accumulation of an
electrical potential on the surface of the cable that could be
hazardous to any individual that comes into contact with the
cable surface.
10. INSTALLATION OF WIRES AND CABLES
10.1 Maximum Allowable Tensions on Conductors
Care should be taken during installation of cables to prevent damage
that can result to future service failures. In preparing for a conductor
pull, it is just as important to cover the other details as it is to assure
that the conductor does not exceed maximum sidewall pressure,
minimum bending radii or maximum pulling tensions. These and
other considerations can make the difference between a good
installation and one with damaged conductors.
Mechanical stresses during installation are generally more severe
than those encountered while in service. The following information
provides guidance in recognizing these conditions and provides a
methodology to aid in keeping them within acceptable limits.
63
10.1.1MaximumAllowableTension
Calculations should be made whether the pull looks easy or
impossible, making the decision as where to pull an obvious
choice. When an obscure situation is encountered, the entire pull
should be reviewed. This review may include more rigorous
calculations or trial pulls. A final decision should be made based
on installation factors known to the end user and installer.
The sizes of the conduit are determined based on the calculations
of clearances, jamming, and fill. Pulling tensions may be
evaluated by determining the maximum tension based on the
pulling device used, and the maximum tension that can be
applied to the conductors. The lesser of these two values is the
maximum allowable tension. After calculating the pulling
tensions, sidewall pressures may be calculated.
Do not exceed the allowable tension stated by the manufacturer
of the pulling device or 10,000 pounds, whichever is less. Do not
use metallic shielding wires, tapes or braids, or armor not
designed for the purpose, in pulling tension calculations. The
maximum tension allowed for the conductors are computed as
follows:
Single Conductor:
T = S * A
Multiple Conductors:
T = N * S * A for 3 or less conductors
T = (0.8) * N * S * A for more than 3 conductors
where:
T = conductor tension, lbs
S = conductor stress, lbs/cmil (Table 22)
A = conductor area, cmil (Table 23)
N = number of conductors
64
Pulling different conductor sizes at the same time is not
recommended if the conductor size or other cable characteristics
are significantly different. If different size conductors must be
pulled, it must be done with care.
Table 22: Maximum Allowable Conductor Stress
Cable Type Material Temper lbs/cmil
All Copper soft 0.008
Power Aluminum Hard 0.008
Power Aluminum 3/4 hard 0.006
Power Aluminum AA-8000 0.006
URD Aluminum 1/2 hard 0.003
Solid Aluminum Soft 0.002
Table 23: Concentric Stranded Copper & Aluminum Conductor Area
AWG cmil AWG cmil
14 4,110 250 250,000
12 6,530 300 300,000
10 10,380 350 350,000
8 16,510 400 400,000
6 26,240 450 450,000
4 41,740 500 500,000
3 52,620 600 600,000
2 66,360 700 700,000
1 83,690 750 750,000
1/0 105,600 800 800,000
2/0 133,100 900 900,000
3/0 167,800 1000 1,000,000
4/0 211,600 1200 1,200,000
65
10.1.2PullingTensionCalculation
The following equations allow the user to calculate the expected
pulling tension of a conductor in a conduit pull.
T
in
=WL
where; T
in
= tension, lbs.
W = weight of one foot of cable, lbs.
L = length of pull, ft.
=
coefficient of friction for the particular duct
material and outer layer of the cable.
The weight of the cable and the length of the pull can be
determined with great accuracy. The one variable that varies
tremendously is the value of the coefficient of frictionit can
vary from 0.05 to 1.0.
Even when the materials used in the duct and jacket are known,
the type and amount of lubricant can be an important factor in
this variation.
10.1.3Coefficient of Friction
The coefficient of dynamic friction () is a measure of the
friction between a moving conductor and the conduit. The
coefficient of friction can have a large impact on the tension
calculation.
Table 24: Typical Coefficients of Dynamic Friction () for Cables with
an Adequate Cable Lubrication During a Pull
Cable Outer Jacket or Insulation Conduit Type
EMT PVC
Type THHN/THWN (Nylon) 0.28 0.24
Type XHHW, USE, RHH/RHW (XLPE) 0.25 0.14
66
Triangular Cradled
D
10.1.4Conductor Configuration
The configuration of three single-conductors in a conduit is
determined by the ratio of the conduit inner diameter (D) to the
outer diameter (d) of one of the single conductors (D/d ratio).
Figure 8: Configuration of Three Single Conductors
A cradled configuration develops when three single-conductors
are pulled into a conduit where the D/d ratio is 2.5 or greater. A
triangular configuration develops when three single-conductors
are pulled into a conduit where the D/d ratio is less than 2.5.
10.1.5Weight CorrectionFactor
This configuration of conductors can affect the tension. A weight
correction factor () is used in the tension equations to account
for this effect. This is given by the following equations:
Single Conductor:
= 1
Three Conductor (Triangular):
Three Conductor (Cradled):
D
d
< 2.5
D
d
2.5
67
Four Conductors or More
To be conservative, it is recommended that the three-conductor
(triangular) factor be used when pulling two conductors.
10.1.6TensionFormulas
Horizontal Straight Section:
T
out
= WL+T
in
Inclined and Vertical Section:
Pulling up:
T
out
= WL(sin + cos) + T
in
(lbs)
Pulling Down:
T
out
= WL(sin + cos) + T
in
(lbs)
Elbows and Bends (approximation):
T
out
= T
in
e
where; T
out
= tension out of a section, lbs
T
in
= tension into a section, lbs
W = total cable weight, lbs/ft
L = straight section length, ft
=
coefficient of dynamic friction
=
weight correction factor
=
straight section angle from horizontal,
radians
=
bend section angle, radians
e = 2.71natural logarithm base
68
10.1.7Conductor J amming
There is a tendency where cables may jam against the inside of
the conduit when the diameter of each cable is about one-third
the inner diameter of the duct. This commonly occurs when the
cables go around a bend or a series of bends. Jamming increases
the pulling tension to a point that it can damage the cable. Thus,
the jam ratio of the cables needs to be evaluated. The equation
for the jam ratio of three cables in a duct is as follows:
where; 1.05 factor to account the possible ovality of the
conduit in a bend and for the cable of having
a slightly different diameter at any point
D = inside diameter of the duct or conduit
d = outer diameter of each of the three cables
When the jam ratio falls between 2.6 and 3.2, jamming is
probable if there are bends in the run. Thus, to avoid possible
problem with conductor jamming, it is advisable to avoid pulls
where the jam ratio is between 2.6 and 3.2.
10.2 Sidewall Pressure
Sidewall pressure is the vector force that exists on the cable as it is
pulled through a bend. Because the surface area of the bend is
smaller in small radius bends, that force is concentrated over a much
smaller area. Most of the time sidewall pressure is the limiting factor
in a cable pull. It is calculated by the following equations:
Single-conductor cable or multiple-conductor cable under common
jacket:
D
d
Jam ratio = 1.05
69
Three Conductor (Triangular):
Three Conductor (Cradled):
where; Sp = sidewall pressure, lbs/ft
T = tension coming out of the bend, lbs
=
weight correction factor
R = bend radius, ft
Table 25: Sidewall Bearing Pressure Limits
Cable Type SWBP, lbs/ft
Instrumentation 100
600 V non-shielded control 300
600 V power 500
5 to 15 kV shielded power 500
25 to 46 kV power 300
10.3 Bending Radius
The following are the minimum values for the radii to which
insulated cables may be bent during installation. These limits do not
apply to conduit bends, sheaves or other curved surfaces around
which the cable may be pulled under tension while being installed.
Larger radii bends may be required for such conditions to limit
70
sidewall pressure. In all cases the minimum radii specified refers to
the inner surface of the cable and not to the axis of the cable.
The minimum bending radii for both single and multiple-conductor
cable with or without lead sheath and without metallic shielding or
armor are as follows:
Table 26: Minimum Bending Radii for Power and Control Cables
without Metallic Shielding or Armor
Thickness of
Conductor
Insulation,
inches
Overall Diameter of cables, inches
1.000 and less 1.001 to 2.000
2.001and
larger
Minimum Bending Radius as
Multiple of Cable Diameter
0.156 and
less
4 5 6
0.157 to
0.315
5 6 7
0.316 and
over
- 7 8
Source: Okonite
71
Table 27: Minimum Bending Radii for Power and Control Cables with
Metallic Shielding or Armor, as Multiple of Cable Diameter
Type of Cable Power Control
Armored, flat tape or wire type 12... 12...
Armored, smooth aluminum sheath, up to; . .
...0.75 inches cable diameter 10*. 10*.
...0.76 to 1.5 inches cable diameter 12... 12...
...over 1.5 inches cable diameter 15... 15...
Armored, corrugated sheath or . .
...interlocked type 7... 7...
...with shielded single conductor 12... 12...
...with shielded multi-conductor **... **...
Non-armored, flat or corrugated . .
...tape shielded single conductor 12... 12...
...tape shielded multi-conductor **... **...
...multi-conductor overall tape shield 12... 12...
...LCS with PVC jacket 15... 15...
Non-armored, concentric neutral 8... ...
Non-armored, flat strap shielded 8... ...
Non-armored, wire shielded ***.. ...
* with shielded conductors 12
** 12 times single conductor diameter
or 7 times overall cable diameter whichever is greater
*** See Power and control cables without metallic shielding
LCS = longitudinally applied corrugated shield
Source: Okonite
72
11. PACKAGING
The usual cut for small diameter building wires is 150 meter and is
packaged in boxes. However, for bigger diameter wires and power
cables, these usually come in 300 meter rolls. For special and other
cutting or packaging requirements, this has to be specified and
coordinated with the wires and cables manufacturer.
12. CABLE/WIRE APPLICATION
In ordering wires/cables, it is important that the manufacturer knows the
intended application of the wires/cables. This in order that they can
recommend the type of cable best suited for the application. The usual
service conditions for cables are indoor/outdoor application in wet, damp,
and/or dry environment. However, for cables that are to be used in special
application or condition, this has to be communicated to the manufacturer.
13. CABLE INSTALLATION METHOD
Knowledge of the cable installation method to be used is important for the
manufacturer since the current carrying capacity of the cable will depend
on where the cables are to be laid such as in open air, raceway, cable tray,
conduit or directly buried. This is due to the heat generated by the cables
due to their close proximity and the capability of the type of cable
installation to dissipate this generated heat. Per Philippine Electrical
Code (PEC), certain de-rating factor has to be applied depending on the
particular installation method.
14. COLOR CODING
In accordance with the PEC, certain color coding is required for
conductors of a multi-core cable. Ground conductors shall have a
continuous white, white stripe or gray outer finish. On the other hand, live
wires can have any color, except the foregoing.
Equipment grounding conductor, however, shall have a continuous green
color or a continuous green color with one or more yellow stripes.
73
For jacketed cords furnished with appliances, one conductor having its
insulation colored light blue, with the other conductors having their
insulation of a readily distinguishable color other than white or gray.
For electric space-heating cables, the lead wire shall have the following
color identification to indicate the circuit voltage on which it is to be used:
(1) 115 volt, nominal yellow
(2) 208 volt, nominal blue
(3) 230 volt, nominal red
(4) 265 volt, nominal brown
(5) 460 volt, nominal - orange
15. REFERENCE STANDARDS
Wires and cables are usually made to comply with certain reference
standard (e.g. Philippine National Standard (PNS), IEC, ASTM, ICEA,
AIEC, NEMA, UL, etc.) Some PNS on wires and cables are listed in
Annex C.
16. STORAGE
Another important consideration or information needed to be
communicated to the wire manufacturer/supplier is the storage of the cable
at site, whether it will be stored indoor or outdoor. If the cable will be
stored outdoor and subjected to the elements, depending on the cable
insulation or construction and the sealing of its terminals, the cable
performance may be degraded. Likewise, for power conductors on
reels, especially when it is expected to be stored outdoors for
extended periods, special attention should also be taken on the material of
the cable reel. Should the reels be made of wood, the reel may rot after
some time making it difficult to transport the cable to another site.
74
Hereunder are some use and storage suggestions:
(1) Upon receipt, cable protective covering should be thoroughly
scrutinized for possible signs of damage during delivery. If
evidence of damage is found, inform the carrier immediately.
(2) During unloading, make sure that the
equipment used does not have contact
with the cable surface and its
protective covering. When a crane is
being used, a cradle supporting the reel
flanges or a shaft through the arbor
hole should be used. If unloading is
being done with the use of a forklift,
the forks must lift the reel at 90 to the
flanges and must be long enough to
reach both flanges. The fork must not
make contact with the cable surface or
the cable protective covering.
(3) If an inclined ramp is used during
unloading, the ramp must be wide
enough to have contact with both
flanges. When controlling the decent
of the reel, it should be done through
the use of the reel flanges and not the
surface of the cable.
(4) The reels should not be dropped from
the delivering vehicle to the ground
whatever the circumstance.
(5) The weight of the reel and cable must
be allowed to rest on the flanges,
which, in turn, should be resting on a
hard surface to prevent the flanges
from sinking and shifting part of said
weight to the cables.
75
(6) Reels should be stored in an area where no falling debris of
construction material or other objects that can damage the cable.
(7) Cable should not be stored in an area where chemicals or
petroleum can be spilled or sprayed on the cable.
(8) Reels of cable with unjacketed sheath or armor (aluminum or
steel) should be stored indoors. Unjacketed sheath or armor easily
corrodes when exposed outside.
(9) Care must be taken when a reel of cable is rolled from one point to
another, see to it that there are no objects on the surface area
which could have contact and damage the cable surface or its
protective covering.
(10)Keep cable away from open fires or sources of heat.
(11)Cable ends must always be sealed to prevent the entrance of
moisture.
17. AVAILABLE CABLE HANDLING EQUIPMENT AT SITE
It will be important for the cable and wire manufacturer/supplier to know
whether there will be any cable handling equipment available at site so that
they can prepare the means to unload the cables safely from the transport
vehicle.
If a cable handling equipment is available at site, its capacity has to be
communicated to the manufacturer/supplier so as to ensure that it is
capable of handling the weight of the cable.
18. SAFEGUARDS FOR INSTALLING WIRES AND CABLES
IN CONDUIT
Investigations have shown that cable failures often can be attributed to
damage caused during installation due to carelessness, inexperience and
inability to observe certain simple precautions. In order to eliminate such
preventable causes of electrical shutdowns and loss of production, the
following procedures should be followed:
76
18.1 Before Pulling Wire/Cable
(1) Know and observe all Philippine Electrical Code rules
regarding installation.
(2) Check the conduit and wire/cable sizes and actual overall
diameters in order to be sure that the approved "fill" will not
be exceeded. Do not "crowd" the conduit.
(3) Check the type of wire/cable to be installed.
(4) Consider the use of larger conduits or additional pull boxes.
(5) Check any obstruction on the conduit.
(6) To loosen any burrs, pull a short mandrel or plug closely
approximating the diameter of the conduit and clean out any
remaining dirt or foreign matter, follow it up with a swab.
18.2 While Pulling Wire/Cable
(1) To prevent short bends, sharp edges and "crossover", always
have a man feed wire straight into a conduit by hand or over a
large diameter sheave for large conductors/cables.
(2) Remove all lashings used for temporary bunching of
individual wires/cables before they enter the conduit.
(3) Lead-out wires at all pull boxes and conduits. Feed them in
again for the next run.
(4) Never pull directly around short right angled bends.
18.3 After Pulling Wire/Cable
Shut off the exposed ends of the excess wire/cable on the reel with a
tape to prevent moisture from entering the wire/cable.
19. SAFEGUARD FOR SWITCHBOARD AND SIMILAR OPEN
WIRING
To avoid cutting or deforming the insulation at the contact point use wide
tape or straps with rounded edges instead of narrow strings when binding
groups of wires, especially non-braided wires.
77
20. WIRE/CABLE ORDERING FORM
In order to guide the user, electrical designer or the purchaser in
correctly ordering or specifying the cable or wire that is needed for his
specific use and for the wire and cable manufacturer/supplier to have the
necessary information to know the specific needs of his customer so that he
can give a correct price quotation, a wire/cable ordering form has been
developed in Annex D.
78
79
ANNEXES
80
81
ANNEX A
Table A1. Conductor Types and Sizes for 115/230-Volt, 3-Wire,
Single-Phase Dwelling Services and Feeders. Conductor Types RHH,
RHW, RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW, THW-2, THWN, THWN-2,
XHHW, XHHW-2, SE, USE, USE-2
Conductor mm
2
Service or Feeder
Rating (Amperes)
Copper Aluminum
22
30
30
38
50
60
80
100
125
175
200
30
38
50
60
80
100
125
150
175
250
325
100
110
125
150
175
200
225
250
300
350
400
82
Table A2. Ampacities of Not More Than Three Single Insulated
Conductors, Rated 0 Through 2 000 Volts, Supported on a
Messenger, Based on Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
Temperature Rating of Conductor (See Table 3.10.1.13.)
75C 90C 75C 90C
Type
RH,
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
ZW
Types
THHN, THHW,
THW-2, THWN-2,
RHH, RWH-2,
USE-2, XHHW-2,
ZW-2
Types
RH, RHW,
THHW, THW,
THWN, ZHHW
Type
THHN, THHW,
RHH, XHHW,
RHW-2, XHHW-2,
THW-2, THWN-2,
USE-2, ZW-2
COPPER ALUMINUM
125
150
175
200
250
316
363
390
416
496
369
423
460
486
581
248
285
310
327
392
288
331
360
382
458
325
375
400
500
576
630
659
741
674
740
771
870
458
505
529
606
535
590
617
709
Table A3. Ampacities of Insulated Single Copper Conductor Cables
Triplexed in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures of 90C and
105C and Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
370
460
580
740
770
870
410
510
640
825
860
970
375
465
580
720
750
840
420
520
650
810
845
940
83
Table A4. Ampacities of Insulated Single Aluminum Conductor
Cables Triplexed in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures of 90C
and 105C and Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
290
360
460
595
620
705
320
400
510
660
685
790
295
365
460
585
605
690
330
410
515
655
680
770
Table A5. Ampacities of Insulated Single Copper Conductor Isolated
in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures of 90C and 105C and
Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000
Volts
Ampacity
5 00115 000
Volts
Ampacity
15 00135 000
Volts
Ampacity
90C
Type
MV-
90
105C
Type
MV-
105
90C
Type
MV-
90
105C
Type
MV-
105
90C
Type
MV-
90
105C
Type
MV-
105
125
175
250
375
400
500
435
545
695
890
925
1 060
485
605
775
990
1 030
1 185
435
545
685
875
910
1 050
485
600
765
980
1 020
1 030
430
540
680
860
895
1 030
480
595
755
960
1 000
1 145
84
Table A6. Ampacities of Insulated Single Aluminum Conductor
Isolated in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures of 90C and
105C and Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000
Volts
Ampacity
5 00115 000
Volts
Ampacity
15 00135 000
Volts
Ampacity
90C
Type
MV-
90
105C
Type
MV-
105
90C
Type
MV-
90
105C
Type
MV-
105
90C
Type
MV-
90
105C
Type
MV-
105
125
175
250
375
400
500
340
425
545
700
730
845
380
475
605
780
815
940
340
425
535
690
720
830
380
475
600
770
805
930
340
425
530
680
705
815
375
470
590
755
790
910
Table A7. Ampacities of an Insulated Three-Conductor Copper
Cable Isolated in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures of 90C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
315
390
485
610
635
695
350
435
545
680
705
780
355
430
535
665
690
760
395
485
600
735
765
850
85
Table A8. Ampacities of an Insulated Three-Conductor Aluminum
Cable Isolated in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures of 90C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
75
250
375
400
500
250
305
385
490
510
575
280
340
430
545
565
640
280
340
425
535
555
625
315
380
475
595
615
695
Table A9. Ampacities of an Insulated Triplexed or Three Single-
Conductor Copper Cables in Isolated Conduit in Air Based on
Conductor Temperatures of 90C and 105C and Ambient Air
Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
310
380
475
595
615
680
350
425
530
660
685
760
325
390
480
580
600
665
360
435
535
650
675
745
86
Table A10. Ampacities of an Insulated Triplexed or Three Single-
Conductor Aluminum Cables in Isolated Conduit in Air Based on
Conductor Temperatures of 90C and 105C and Ambient Air
Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
250
300
380
485
505
570
280
335
425
540
560
635
255
305
385
480
500
555
290
345
430
535
555
630
Table A11. Ampacities of an Insulated Three-Conductor Copper
Cable in Isolated Conduit in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures
of 90C and 105C and Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
275
345
425
520
540
580
310
385
475
580
600
650
310
380
470
565
585
640
345
425
525
630
655
715
87
Table A12. Ampacities of an Insulated Three-Conductor Aluminum
Cable in Isolated Conduit in Air Based on Conductor Temperatures
of 90C and 105C and Ambient Air Temperature of 40C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
215
270
340
425
440
500
240
300
380
475
495
550
245
300
380
465
485
540
275
335
425
515
535
605
88
Table A13. Ampacities of Three Single-Insulated Copper
Conductors in Underground Electrical Ducts (Three Conductors per
Electrical Duct) Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C,
Electrical Duct Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100 Percent Load
Factor, Thermal Resistance (RHO) of 90, Conductor Temperatures
of 90C and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
One Circuit (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 1.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
315
380
470
580
600
660
340
410
505
625
650
710
320
385
465
560
580
630
340
410
500
605
630
680
Three Circuits (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 2.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
255
310
375
455
475
520
275
330
405
490
510
555
255
305
370
435
454
490
275
325
395
470
490
530
Six Circuits (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 3.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
205
245
300
360
375
405
220
265
325
390
405
440
205
240
290
345
360
385
220
260
310
370
385
410
89
Table A14. Ampacities of Three Single-Insulated Aluminum
Conductors in Underground Electrical Ducts (Three Conductors per
Electrical Duct) Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C,
Electrical Duct Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100 Percent Load
Factor, Thermal Resistance (RHO) of 90, Conductor Temperatures
of 90C and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
245
300
370
465
485
535
265
320
400
500
520
580
245
300
370
450
470
520
265
325
400
485
505
555
125
175
250
375
400
500
200
240
295
365
380
420
215
260
320
390
405
455
195
240
290
350
365
400
215
255
315
380
395
435
125
175
250
375
400
500
160
190
240
285
295
330
175
205
255
310
325
355
160
195
230
275
285
315
170
205
250
300
315
340
90
Table A15. Ampacities of Three Insulated Copper Conductors
Cabled Within an Overall Covering (Three-Conductor Cable) in
Underground Electrical Ducts (One Cable per Electrical Duct)
Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C, Electrical Duct
Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100 Percent Load Factor,
Thermal Resistance (RHO) of 90, Conductor Temperatures of 90C
and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
285
350
430
525
545
590
310
375
460
565
585
635
305
370
450
540
560
605
330
395
485
580
600
650
125
175
250
375
400
500
240
290
355
425
440
480
260
310
380
460
480
515
250
300
360
425
440
480
265
320
385
460
480
510
125
175
250
375
400
500
195
235
290
345
360
385
215
265
310
370
385
415
200
240
290
335
350
375
215
270
305
360
375
400
91
Table A16. Ampacities of Three Insulated Aluminum Conductors
Cabled Within an Overall Covering (Three-Conductor Cable) in
Underground Electrical Ducts (One Cable per Electrical Duct)
Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C, Electrical Duct
Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100 Percent Load Factor,
and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
225
275
340
420
435
490
240
305
365
455
475
530
240
290
355
435
450
505
260
310
385
470
490
535
125
175
250
375
400
500
185
225
280
340
355
395
200
245
300
370
385
425
195
235
285
345
360
395
210
250
305
370
385
425
125
175
250
375
400
500
155
185
230
275
285
315
165
200
245
300
315
340
155
190
230
270
280
310
165
200
245
290
300
330
92
Table A17. Ampacities of Single Insulated Copper Conductors
Directly Buried in Earth Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of
20C, Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100 Percent Load Factor,
and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
One Circuit, Three Conductors (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 9.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
460
560
690
835
870
970
500
610
745
900
940
1 045
430
530
650
795
830
920
465
570
700
855
890
995
Two Circuits, Six Conductors (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 10.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
425
510
630
765
800
880
460
550
680
825
860
950
405
490
600
730
760
845
430
525
645
785
820
910
93
Table A18. Ampacities of Single Insulated Aluminum Conductors
and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
365
440
540
660
685
770
390
475
580
710
740
830
340
410
510
630
655
730
365
445
545
670
700
785
125
175
250
375
400
500
355
405
495
605
630
700
360
435
530
650
675
775
315
380
470
575
595
670
340
410
505
620
645
720
94
Table A19. Ampacities of Three Insulated Copper Conductors
Cabled Within an Overall Covering (Three-Conductor Cable),
and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
360
435
530
640
670
720
390
470
570
690
720
775
375
455
550
660
685
740
405
490
590
710
740
800
Two Circuits, (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 6.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
335
405
490
590
610
655
340
435
525
635
660
705
325
415
500
600
625
665
350
445
535
645
670
720
95
Table A20. Ampacities of Three Insulated Aluminum Conductors
Cabled Within an Overall Covering (Three-Conductor Cable),
and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
280
340
420
515
535
590
305
370
450
555
575
640
295
355
435
535
555
610
315
385
470
575
595
655
Two Circuits, (See Figure 3.10.1.60, Detail 6.)
125
175
250
375
400
500
260
315
385
475
495
540
280
340
415
510
530
580
270
325
395
480
500
550
290
350
425
520
540
590
96
Table A21. Ampacities of Three Triplexed Single Insulated Copper
Conductors Directly Buried in Earth Based on Ambient Earth
Temperature of 20C, Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100
Percent Load Factor, Thermal Resistance (RHO) of 90, Conductor
Temperatures 90C and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
405
485
590
715
745
815
435
570
635
770
805
875
385
465
565
675
705
760
405
500
605
730
760
820
125
175
250
375
400
500
365
440
535
640
670
730
390
475
575
690
720
785
350
420
510
610
635
680
375
450
545
655
680
735
97
Table A22. Ampacities of Three Triplexed Single Insulated
Aluminum Conductors Directly Buried in Earth Based on Ambient
Earth Temperature of 20C, Arrangement per Figure 3.10.1.60, 100
Percent Load Factor, Thermal Resistance (RHO) of 90, Conductor
Temperatures 90C and 105C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
(See Table 3.10.1.61)
2 0015 000 Volts
Ampacity
5 00135 000 Volts
Ampacity
90C
Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
90C
Type
MV-90
105C
Type
MV-105
125
175
250
375
400
500
315
380
465
575
595
660
345
415
500
620
645
715
300
365
445
545
565
625
320
395
480
585
605
670
125
175
250
375
400
500
285
345
420
515
535
590
305
370
455
555
575
635
275
330
405
480
500
555
295
450
435
520
540
595
98
Table A23. Minimum Wire-Bending Space at Terminals
Wire Size
mm
2
Wires per Terminal
1 2 3 4 or more
mm mm mm mm
125
150
175
200
250
325
375
400
215
d
250
e
305
e
330
e
350
e
380
e
405
e
430
e
(50)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
215
d
250
d
305
e
330
e
350
e
400
e
460
e
480
e
(50)
(50)
(50)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
230
b
280
b
330
e
350
e
380
e
455
e
510
e
560
e
(25)
(25)
(25)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
250
300
350
d
380
e
400
e
480
e
560
e
610
e
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
(75)
1. Bending space at terminals shall be measured in a straight line from the end of the
lug or wire connector in a direction perpendicular to the enclosure wall.
2. For removable and lay-in wire terminals intended for only one wire, bending space
shall be permitted to be reduced by the following number of millimeters:
a 13 mm
b 25 mm
c 40 mm
d 50 mm
e 75 mm
3. This column shall be permitted to determine the required wire-bending space for
compact stranded aluminum conductors in sizes up to 500 mm
2
and manufactured using
AA-8000 series electrical grade aluminum alloy conductor material in accordance with
3.10.1.14.
99
Table A24. Full-Load Current, Three-Phase Alternating-Current
Motors
The following values of full-load currents are typical for motors running at speeds usual for belted
motors and motors with normal torque characteristics.
The voltages listed are rated motor voltages. The currents listed shall be permitted for system
voltage ranges of 220 to 240, 380 to 415, and 440 to 480 volts.
Horsepower
Induction-Type Squirrel
Cage and Wound Rotor
(Amperes)
Synchronous-Type Unity
Power Factor* (Amperes)
230
Volts
400
Volts
460
Volts
230
Volts
400
Volts
460
Volts
1
1
2
3
5
7
2.2
3.2
4.2
6.0
6.8
9.6
15.2
22
1.3
1.8
2.3
3.3
4.3
6.1
9.7
14
1.1
1.6
2.1
3.0
3.4
4.8
7.6
11
10
15
20
25
30
40
28
42
54
68
80
104
18
27
34
44
51
66
14
21
27
34
40
52
53
63
83
33.6
40.8
52
26
32
41
50
60
75
100
125
150
200
130
154
192
248
312
360
480
83
103
128
165
208
240
320
65
77
96
124
156
180
240
104
123
155
202
253
302
400
66.4
81.6
104
134.4
168
201.3
268
52
61
78
101
126
151
201
250
300
350
400
450
500
403
482
560
636
711
786
302
361
414
477
515
590
*For 90 and 80 percent power factor, the figures shall be multiplied by 1.1 and 1.25,
respectively.
100
Table A25. Conversion Table of Polyphase Design B, C, and D
Maximum Locked-Rotor Currents for Selection of Disconnecting
Means and Controllers as Determined from Horsepower and
Voltage Rating and Design Letter
For use only with 4.30.9.10, 4.40.2.2, 4.40.5.1 and 4.55.1.8(c).
Rated
Horsepower
Maximum Motor Locked-Rotor Current in Amperes,
Two- and Three-Phase, Design B, C, and D*
230 Volts 400 volts 460 Volts
B, C, D E B, C, D E B, C, D E
1
1
2
3
5
7
20
25
30
40
50
64
92
127
20
25
30
40
50
73
122
183
12.
14.5
16.5
22
32
41
59
81
12
14.5
16.5
22
32
46.5
78
116.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
32
46
63.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
36.5
61
91.5
10
15
20
25
30
40
162
232
290
365
435
580
225
337
449
562
674
824
104.5
149.5
183
237
278
368.5
145.5
217.5
283.5
364
430
523
81
116
145
183
218
290
113
169
225
281
337
412
50
60
75
100
125
150
200
725
870
1085
1450
1815
2170
2900
1030
1236
1545
1873
2341
2809
3745
463.5
582
724
965
1211
1447
1933.5
658
827
1031
1247
1561.5
1873.5
2497.5
363
435
543
725
908
1085
1450
515
618
773
937
1171
1405
1873
250
300
350
400
450
500
2435.5
2937.5
3449.5
3867
4487
4829.5
3128
3750.5
4433
4993.5
5818
6237.5
1825
2200
2550
2900
3250
3625
2344
2809
3277
3745
4214
4682
*Design A motors are not limited to a maximum starting current or locked rotor
current.
101
Table A26 Ampacities of Two or Three Insulated Conductors,
Rated 0 through 2000 Volts, Within an Overall Covering
(Multiconductor Cable), in Raceway in Free Air Based on Ambient
Air Temperature of 30C
Conductor Size
mm
2
Temperature Rating of Conductor. See Table 3.10.1.13
60
0
C 75
0
C 90
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 90
0
C
Types
TW,
UF
Types
RH,
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
ZW
Types
THHN,
THHW,
THW-2,
THWN-2,
RHH,
RHW-2,
USE-2,
XHHW,
XHHW-2,
ZW-2
Types
TW
Types
RH,
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW
Types
THHN,
THHW,
THW-2,
THWN-2,
RHH,
RHW-2,
USE-2,
XHHW,
XHHW-2,
ZW-2
COPPER ALUMINUM
125
150
175
200
250
205
234
250
274
315
245
281
300
328
378
276
317
340
371
427
160
185
199
218
254
192
221
238
261
303
217
250
270
295
342
*Unless otherwise specifically permitted elsewhere in this Code, the overcurrent protection for
these conductor types shall not exceed 15 amperes for 2.0 mm
2
(1.6 mm dia.), 20 amperes for 3.5
mm
2
(2.0 mm dia.), and 30 amperes for 5.5 mm
2
(2.6 mm dia.) copper; or 15 amperes for 3.5 mm
2
(2.0 mm dia.) and 25 amperes for 5.5 mm
2
(2.6 mm dia.) aluminum and copper-clad aluminum.
102
Table A27. Ampacities of Multiconductor Cables with Not More
than Three Insulated Conductors, Rated 0 Through 2000 Volts, in
Free Air Based on Ambient Air Temperature of 40C (For Types
TC, MC, MI, UF, and USE Cables)
Conductor Size
mm
2
Temperature Rating of Conductor. See Table 3.10.1.13.
60
0
C 75
0
C 85
0
C 90
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 85
0
C 90
0
C
COPPER ALUMINUM
125
150
175
200
250
212
237
257
281
321
274
306
332
363
416
305
341
371
406
465
320
357
388
425
487
166
186
202
222
255
214
240
261
287
330
239
268
292
317
368
250
280
304
334
385
*Unless otherwise specifically permitted elsewhere in this Code, the overcurrent protection for
these conductor types shall not exceed 15 amperes for 2.0 mm
2
(1.6 mm dia.), 20 amperes for 3.5
mm
2
2
(2.6 mm dia.) copper; or 15 amperes for 3.5 mm
2
2
(2.6 mm dia.) aluminum and copper-clad aluminum.
Table A28. Ampacities of Single Insulated Conductors, Rated 0 through 2000 Volts, in Nonmagnetic
Underground Electrical Ducts (One Conductor per Electrical Duct), Based on Ambient Earth
Temperature of 20C, Electrical Duct Arrangement per Figure B-310-2, Conductor Temperature
75C
Conductor
Size
(mm
2
)
3 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 2)
6 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 3)
9 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 4)
3 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 2)
6 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 3)
9 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 4)
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
COPPER ALUMINUM
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
125
175
250
400
410
503
624
794
344
418
511
640
327
396
484
603
386
472
583
736
295
355
431
534
275
330
400
494
369
446
545
674
270
322
387
469
252
299
360
434
320
393
489
626
269
327
401
505
256
310
379
475
302
369
457
581
230
277
337
421
214
258
313
389
288
350
430
538
211
252
305
375
197
235
284
347
1
0
3
P
o
w
e
r
C
a
b
l
e
s
&
W
i
r
e
s
T
e
c
h
n
i
c
a
l
M
a
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Table A29. Ampacities of Three Insulated Conductors, Rated 0 through 2000 Volts, Within an Overall
Covering (Three-Conductor Cable) in Underground Electrical Ducts (One Cable per Electrical Duct)
Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C, Electrical Duct Arrangement per Figure B-310-2,
Conductor Temperature 75C
Conductor
Size
(mm
2
)
1 Electrical Duct
(Fig. B-310-2, Detail 1)
3 Electrical Duct
6 Electrical Duct
1 Electrical Duct
3 Electrical Duct
6 Electrical Duct
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW,
THW, THWN,
XHHW, USE
COPPER ALUMINUM
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
125
175
250
400
500
297
363
444
552
628
265
321
389
478
539
256
310
375
459
518
280
340
414
511
579
222
267
320
388
435
209
250
299
362
405
258
312
377
462
522
184
219
261
314
351
169
202
240
288
321
233
285
352
446
521
207
252
308
386
447
201
244
297
372
430
219
267
328
413
480
174
209
254
314
361
163
196
237
293
336
505
245
299
374
433
144
172
207
254
291
132
158
190
233
266
1
0
4
P
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r
C
a
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e
s
&
W
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e
s
T
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M
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Table A30. Ampacities of Three Single Insulated Conductors, Rated 0 Through 2000 Volts, in
Underground Electrical Ducts (Three Conductors per Electrical Duct) Based on Ambient Earth
Temperature of 20C, Electrical Duct Arrangement per Figure B-310-2, Conductor Temperature 75C
Conductor
Size
mm
2
1 Electrical Duct
3 Electrical Duct
6 Electrical Duct
1 Electrical Duct
3 Electrical Duct
6 Electrical Duct
Types
RHW, THHW, THW,
THWN, XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW, THW,
THWN, XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW, THW,
THWN, XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW, THW,
THWN, XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW, THW,
THWN, XHHW, USE
Types
RHW, THHW, THW,
THWN, XHHW, USE
COPPER ALUMINUM
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
RHO
60
LF
50
RHO
90
LF
100
RHO
120
LF
100
125
150
175
200
334
373
409
442
290
321
351
376
279
308
337
361
310
344
377
394
236
260
283
302
220
242
264
280
281
310
340
368
192
210
228
243
176
192
209
223
261
293
321
349
227
252
276
297
218
242
265
284
242
272
296
321
185
204
222
238
172
190
207
220
220
245
266
288
150
165
179
191
137
151
164
174
1
0
5
P
o
w
e
r
C
a
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l
e
s
&
W
i
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e
s
T
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c
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M
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106
Table A31. Ampacities of Two or Three Insulated Conductors,
Rated 0 Through 2000 Volts, Cabled Within an Overall (Two- or
Three-Conductor) Covering, Directly Buried in Earth, Based on
Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C, Arrangement per Figure
B-310-2, 100 Percent Load Factor, Thermal Resistance (Rho) of 90
Conductor
Size
mm
2
1 Cable
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 5)
2 Cable
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 6)
1 Cable
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 5)
2 Cable
(Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 6)
60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C
Types
UF
Types
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
USE
Types
UF
Types
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
USE
Types
UF
Types
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
USE
Types
UF
Types
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
THWN,
XHHW,
USE
COPPER ALUMINUM
125
175
250
400
500
333
401
481
585
657
308
370
442
535
600
261
315
381
473
545
241
290
350
433
497
Note: For ampacities of Type UF cable in underground electrical ducts, multiply the
ampacities shown in the table by 0.74.
107
Table A32. Ampacities of Three Triplexed Single Insulated
Conductors, Rated 0 Through 2000 Volts, Directly Buried in Earth
Based on Ambient Earth Temperature of 20C, Arrangement per
Figure B-310-2, 100 Percent Load Factor, Thermal Resistance (Rho)
of 90
Conductor
Size
mm
2
See Fig. B-310-2,
Details 7
See Fig. B-310-2,
Details 8
See Fig. B-310-2,
Details 7
See Fig. B-310-2,
Details 8
60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C
TYPES TYPES
UF USE UF USE UF USE UF USE
COPPER ALUMINUM
125
175
250
400
500
370
445
436
654
744
336
403
483
587
665
289
349
424
525
608
263
316
382
471
544
Table A33. Ampacities of Three Single Insulated Conductors, Rated
0 Through 2000 Volts, Directly Buried in Earth Based on Ambient
Earth Temperature of 20C, Arrangement per Figure B-310-2, 100
Percent Load Factor, Thermal Resistance (Rho) of 90
Conductor
Size
mm
2
See Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 9
See Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 10
See Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 9
See Fig. B-310-2,
Detail 10
60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C 60
0
C 75
0
C
TYPES TYPES
UF USE UF USE UF USE UF USE
COPPER ALUMINUM
125
175
250
400
429
516
626
767
394
474
572
700
335
403
490
605
308
370
448
552
108
Table A34. Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in
Electrical Metallic Tubing (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
6
4
10
8
16
13
28
23
39
31
64
51
112
90
169
136
221
177
282
227
RHH,
RHW, RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
7
6
11
9
20
17
27
23
46
38
80
66
120
100
157
131
201
167
RH,
RHH,
RHW, RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
2
1
1
5
2
1
8
4
3
13
7
5
18
9
8
30
16
13
53
28
22
81
42
34
105
55
44
135
70
56
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
10
7
5
17
13
9
26
20
13
34
26
17
44
33
22
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
7
6
5
5
11
10
8
7
15
13
11
9
19
17
14
12
125
150
175
200
250
00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
2
5
5
4
4
3
7
6
6
5
4
9
8
7
7
6
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
8
6
5
2
15
11
8
5
25
19
14
8
43
33
24
13
58
45
33
18
96
74
55
30
168
129
96
53
254
195
145
81
332
255
190
105
424
326
243
135
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 6 10 16 28 39 64 112 169 221 282
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
4
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
31
24
51
40
90
70
136
106
177
138
227
177
RHH*, RHW*,
THW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 4 6 10 14 24 42 63 83 106
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
8
6
4
3
11
8
6
4
18
13
10
7
32
24
17
12
48
36
26
18
63
47
34
24
81
60
44
31
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
10
9
7
6
16
13
11
9
20
17
15
12
26
22
19
16
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
5
4
4
3
3
7
6
6
5
4
10
8
7
7
6
13
11
10
9
7
*Types RHH, RHW, and RHW-2 without outer covering.
109
Table A34. Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
4
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
12
9
5
3
2
22
16
10
6
4
35
26
16
9
7
61
45
28
16
12
84
61
38
22
16
138
101
63
36
26
241
176
111
64
46
364
266
167
96
69
476
347
219
126
91
608
443
279
161
116
22
30
38
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
4
10
7
5
16
11
8
28
20
15
43
30
22
56
40
29
71
51
37
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
12
10
8
7
19
16
13
11
25
20
17
14
32
26
22
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
6
5
4
4
3
9
7
6
6
5
11
10
9
8
6
15
13
11
10
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
5
5
4
FEP, FEPB, PFA,
PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
12
9
6
3
21
15
11
6
34
25
18
10
60
43
31
18
81
59
42
24
134
98
70
40
234
171
122
70
354
258
185
106
462
337
241
138
590
430
309
177
14
22
30
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
3
12
9
6
17
12
8
28
20
13
50
35
24
75
53
36
98
69
47
126
88
60
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 2 4 6 9 16 25 33 42
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
14
11
9
8
21
17
14
11
27
22
18
15
35
29
24
19
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
14
10
6
4
3
25
18
11
7
5
41
29
18
11
8
72
51
31
20
14
98
69
42
27
19
161
114
70
44
31
282
200
122
77
54
426
302
185
117
82
556
394
241
153
107
711
504
309
195
137
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
6
4
13
8
6
21
13
10
37
22
18
56
34
28
74
45
36
94
57
46
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
8
6
5
2
15
11
8
5
25
19
14
8
43
33
24
13
58
45
33
18
96
74
55
30
168
129
96
53
254
195
145
81
332
255
190
105
424
326
243
135
*Types RHH, RHW, and RHW-2 without outer covering.
110
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
14
22
30
1
1
1
3
2
1
6
4
3
10
7
5
14
10
7
22
16
11
39
28
20
60
43
31
78
56
40
100
72
51
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
2
8
7
6
5
4
15
13
10
9
7
23
19
16
13
11
30
25
21
17
14
38
32
27
22
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
6
5
4
4
3
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
6
15
13
11
10
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
FFH-2, RFH-2, FHH-3 0.75
1.25
8
7
14
12
24
20
41
34
56
47
92
78
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
10
8
7
18
15
12
30
25
20
52
43
34
71
58
47
116
96
78
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 18 33 53 92 125 206
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF, TFF, XF,
XFF
0.75 14 24 39 68 92 152
RFHH-2, TF, TFF, XF, XFF 1.25 11 19 31 55 74 123
XF, XFF 2.0 8 15 25 43 58 96
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
22
17
38
29
63
48
108
83
148
113
244
186
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF, PAF,
PTF, PTFF, PAFF
0.75
1.25
2.0
21
16
12
36
28
21
59
46
34
103
79
60
140
108
81
231
179
134
HF, HFF, ZF, ZFF, ZHF 0.75
1.25
2.0
27
20
14
47
35
25
77
56
41
133
98
72
181
133
98
298
220
161
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
39
27
19
13
8
69
48
33
23
15
111
78
54
37
25
193
136
93
64
43
262
185
127
87
58
433
305
209
144
96
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
46
33
22
14
9
82
57
38
25
16
133
93
63
41
27
230
161
108
72
47
313
220
148
98
64
516
362
244
161
105
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
4
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
31
24
51
40
Note: This table is for concentric stranded conductors only. For compact stranded
conductors, Table A35 should be used.
111
Table A35. Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Electrical
Metallic Tubing (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
THW,
THW-2, THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
6
5
4
3
1
11
9
6
5
3
16
12
9
7
4
26
20
15
11
8
46
35
26
19
13
69
53
40
29
21
90
70
52
38
27
115
89
67
49
34
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
5
5
4
12
10
8
7
18
15
13
11
23
20
17
14
30
25
21
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
5
4
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
8
6
14
12
1110
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
5
5
4
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
7
4
3
2
13
8
6
4
18
11
8
6
29
18
13
10
52
32
23
17
78
48
34
26
102
63
45
34
130
81
58
43
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
14
12
10
8
22
18
15
12
29
24
20
16
37
30
25
21
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
6
5
5
4
4
10
8
7
6
5
13
11
10
9
7
16
14
12
11
9
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
4
4
3
6
5
5
3
7
6
6
4
XHHW, XHHW-
2
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
1
1
1
1
5
4
3
1
1
8
6
4
3
2
15
11
8
6
4
20
15
11
8
6
34
25
18
13
10
59
44
32
23
17
90
66
48
34
26
117
87
63
45
34
149
111
81
58
43
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
14
12
10
8
22
18
15
13
29
24
20
17
37
31
25
21
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
7
6
5
4
4
10
9
8
7
6
13
11
10
9
7
17
14
13
11
9
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
8
6
6
5
Definition: Compact stranding is the result of a manufacturing process where the
standard conductor is compressed to the extent that the interstices (voids between strand
wires) are virtually eliminated.
112
Table A36. Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Electrical
Nonmetallic Tubing (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
[mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
8
7
15
12
27
21
37
29
61
49
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
3
2
6
5
10
9
19
16
26
22
43
36
RH,
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
1
1
1
4
1
1
7
3
3
13
6
5
17
9
7
29
15
12
22
30
38
1
0
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
9
7
5
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
7
5
4
1
13
10
7
4
22
17
13
7
40
31
23
13
55
42
32
17
92
71
52
29
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 4 8 15 27 37 61
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
3
3
7
5
12
9
21
17
29
23
49
38
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 3 5 10 14 23
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
7
5
4
3
10
8
6
4
17
13
9
6
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
5
4
3
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
*Type RHH, RHW, and RHW-2 without outer covering.
113
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
[mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
10
7
4
2
1
18
13
8
5
3
32
23
15
8
6
58
42
26
15
11
80
58
36
21
15
132
96
60
35
25
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
7
5
3
9
6
5
15
11
8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
5
4
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
10
7
5
3
18
13
9
5
31
23
16
9
56
41
29
17
77
56
40
23
128
93
67
38
14
22
30
1
1
1
4
2
1
6
4
3
12
8
5
16
11
8
27
19
13
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
38 1 1 1 4 5 9
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
12
8
5
3
1
22
15
9
6
4
38
27
16
10
7
68
48
29
18
13
93
66
40
25
18
154
109
67
42
30
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
5
4
12
7
6
20
12
10
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
7
5
4
1
1
13
10
7
4
3
22
17
13
7
5
40
31
23
13
9
55
42
32
17
13
92
71
52
29
21
22
30
1
1
1
1
4
2
7
5
9
6
15
11
114
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
[mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 1 3 5 8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
FFH-2, RFH-2, RFHH-3 0.75
1.25
6
5
12
10
21
18
39
32
53
45
88
74
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
8
7
5
15
13
10
27
22
18
49
40
32
67
55
45
111
92
74
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 15 28 48 86 119 197
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 11 20 35 64 88 145
RFHH-2, TF, TFF, XF,
XFF
1.25 9 16 29 51 71 117
XF, XFF 2.0 7 13 22 40 55 92
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
18
13
33
25
57
43
102
78
141
107
233
178
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
PAF, PTF, PTFF, PAFF
0.75
1.25
2.0
17
13
10
31
24
18
54
42
31
97
75
56
133
103
77
221
171
128
1.25
2.0
22
16
12
40
29
22
70
51
38
125
92
68
172
127
93
285
210
154
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
31
22
15
10
7
58
41
28
19
13
101
71
49
33
22
182
128
88
60
40
250
176
121
83
55
413
291
200
138
92
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
38
26
18
12
7
69
49
33
22
14
121
85
57
38
24
217
152
102
68
44
298
209
141
93
61
493
346
233
154
101
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
3
3
7
5
12
9
21
17
29
23
49
38
115
Table A37. Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Electrical Nonmetallic
Tubing (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
0
3
2
1
1
1
6
4
3
2
1
11
8
6
4
3
15
11
8
6
4
25
19
14
10
7
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
7
4
3
2
12
7
5
4
17
10
7
5
28
17
12
9
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
8
6
4
3
2
14
10
7
5
4
19
14
10
7
5
32
24
17
12
9
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
116
Table A38 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in
Flexible Metal Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
6
5
10
8
15
12
24
19
35
28
62
50
94
75
135
108
184
148
240
193
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
7
6
11
9
17
14
25
21
44
37
67
55
96
80
131
109
171
142
RH, RHH,
RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
3
1
1
5
2
1
7
4
3
11
6
5
17
9
7
30
15
12
45
23
19
64
34
27
88
46
37
115
60
48
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
5
4
2
10
7
5
14
11
7
21
16
10
29
22
14
37
28
19
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
12
11
9
8
16
14
12
10
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
4
8
7
6
6
5
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
9
7
5
3
15
11
8
5
23
18
13
7
36
28
21
11
53
41
30
17
94
72
54
30
141
108
81
45
203
156
116
64
277
212
158
88
361
277
207
115
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 6 10 15 24 35 62 94 135 184 240
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW,
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
5
4
8
6
12
10
19
15
28
22
50
39
75
59
108
85
148
115
193
151
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 4 6 9 13 23 35 51 69 90
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
7
5
4
2
10
7
5
4
18
13
10
7
27
20
14
10
39
29
21
15
53
39
29
20
69
51
37
26
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
9
7
6
5
12
10
9
7
17
14
12
10
22
19
16
13
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
117
Table A38 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
13
9
6
3
22
16
10
6
33
24
15
9
52
38
24
14
76
56
35
20
134
98
62
35
202
147
93
53
291
212
134
77
396
289
182
105
518
378
238
137
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
6
4
3
1
10
6
4
3
14
9
6
4
25
16
11
8
38
24
17
12
55
34
24
18
76
46
33
24
99
61
43
32
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
7
6
5
4
10
9
7
6
15
12
10
8
20
17
14
12
27
22
18
15
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
5
12
11
9
8
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
5
4
4
3
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
12
9
6
4
2
21
15
11
6
4
32
24
17
10
7
51
37
26
15
11
74
54
39
22
16
130
95
68
39
28
196
143
103
59
42
282
206
148
85
60
385
281
201
115
82
502
367
263
151
107
22
30
1
1
3
1
5
3
7
5
11
7
19
13
29
20
42
29
57
39
75
51
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 2 3 5 9 14 20 27 36
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
8
6
5
4
11
9
8
6
17
14
11
9
23
19
15
13
30
24
20
16
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
15
11
6
4
3
25
18
11
7
5
39
28
17
11
7
61
43
26
17
12
89
63
39
24
17
157
111
68
43
30
236
168
103
65
45
340
241
148
93
65
463
329
201
127
89
605
429
263
166
117
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
8
5
4
12
7
6
21
12
10
31
19
15
45
27
22
61
37
30
80
49
39
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
9
7
5
3
1
15
11
8
5
3
23
18
13
7
5
36
28
21
11
8
53
41
30
17
12
94
72
54
30
22
141
108
81
45
33
203
156
116
64
48
277
212
158
88
65
361
277
207
115
85
22
30
1
1
2
1
4
3
6
4
9
6
16
11
24
17
34
24
47
33
61
44
118
Table A38 Continued
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 1 3 5 8 13 18 25 32
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
9
7
6
15
13
10
9
21
17
14
12
27
23
19
15
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
4
4
3
3
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
5
4
4
3
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
8
7
14
12
22
19
35
29
51
43
90
76
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
11
9
7
18
15
12
28
23
19
44
36
29
64
53
43
113
94
76
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 19 32 50 78 114 201
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 14 24 37 58 84 148
XFF
1.25 11 19 30 47 68 120
XF, XFF 2.0 9 15 23 36 53 94
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
23
17
38
29
59
45
93
71
135
103
237
181
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
22
17
12
36
28
21
56
43
32
88
68
51
128
99
74
225
174
130
1.25
2.0
28
20
15
47
35
25
72
53
39
113
83
61
165
121
89
290
214
157
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
41
28
19
13
9
68
48
33
23
15
105
74
51
35
23
164
116
80
55
36
239
168
116
80
53
421
297
204
140
94
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
48
34
23
15
10
82
57
38
25
16
125
88
59
39
25
196
138
93
61
40
285
200
135
89
58
503
353
237
157
103
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
5
4
8
6
12
10
19
15
28
22
50
39
119
Table A39 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Flexible
Metal Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
THW, THHW,
THW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
6
5
3
2
1
10
7
5
4
3
14
11
8
6
4
25
20
15
11
7
38
29
22
16
11
55
43
32
23
16
75
58
43
32
22
98
76
57
42
29
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
4
10
8
7
6
14
12
10
8
19
16
14
11
25
21
18
15
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
3
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
7
4
3
2
11
7
5
3
16
10
7
5
29
18
13
9
43
27
19
14
62
38
28
21
85
52
38
28
111
69
49
37
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
12
10
8
7
17
14
12
10
24
20
17
14
31
26
22
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
5
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
10
9
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
2
1
1
1
5
4
3
1
1
8
6
4
3
2
13
9
7
5
3
19
14
10
7
5
33
24
18
13
9
50
37
27
19
14
71
53
38
28
21
97
72
52
38
28
127
95
69
49
37
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
2
8
7
5
4
12
10
8
7
17
15
12
10
24
20
17
14
31
26
22
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
5
5
4
4
3
8
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
11
10
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
120
Table A40 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Intermediate
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
6
5
11
9
18
14
31
25
42
34
69
56
98
79
151
122
202
163
261
209
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
4
8
6
13
11
22
18
30
25
49
41
70
58
108
89
144
120
186
154
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
3
1
1
5
3
1
8
4
3
15
8
6
20
10
8
33
17
14
47
24
19
72
38
30
97
50
40
124
65
52
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
6
5
3
11
8
5
15
11
7
23
18
12
31
24
16
41
31
20
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
6
6
5
4
10
9
7
6
14
12
10
9
18
15
13
11
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
6
6
5
5
4
8
7
7
6
5
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
4
4
4
3
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
10
7
5
3
17
13
9
5
27
21
15
8
47
36
27
15
64
49
36
20
104
80
59
33
147
113
84
47
228
175
130
72
304
234
174
97
392
301
224
124
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 6 11 18 31 42 69 98 151 202 261
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
5
4
9
7
14
11
25
19
34
26
56
43
79
61
122
95
163
127
209
163
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 2 4 7 12 16 26 37 57 76 98
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
1
9
6
5
3
12
9
6
4
20
15
11
7
28
21
15
11
43
32
23
16
58
43
31
22
75
56
41
28
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
9
8
6
5
14
12
10
8
19
16
13
11
24
20
17
14
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
2
7
6
4
4
9
8
6
5
12
10
8
7
121
Table A40 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
4
3
3
5
4
3
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
10
6
3
24
17
11
6
39
29
18
10
68
49
31
18
91
67
42
24
149
109
68
39
211
154
97
56
326
238
150
86
436
318
200
115
562
410
258
149
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
7
4
3
2
13
8
5
4
17
10
7
5
28
17
12
9
40
25
17
13
62
38
27
20
83
51
36
27
107
66
47
35
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
11
9
7
6
17
14
12
9
23
19
16
13
29
24
20
17
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
10
9
8
7
6
13
12
10
9
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
13
10
7
4
3
23
17
12
7
5
38
28
20
11
8
66
48
34
19
14
89
65
46
26
19
145
106
76
43
31
205
150
107
61
44
317
231
166
95
67
423
309
221
127
90
545
398
285
163
116
22
30
1
1
3
2
5
4
10
6
13
9
21
15
30
21
47
32
63
43
81
56
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 2 4 6 10 14 22 30 39
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
12
10
8
7
19
15
13
10
25
21
17
14
32
27
22
18
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
16
11
7
4
3
28
20
12
7
5
46
32
20
12
9
79
56
34
21
15
107
76
46
29
20
175
124
76
48
33
247
175
107
68
47
381
271
166
105
73
510
362
221
140
98
657
466
285
180
127
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
6
3
3
10
6
5
14
8
7
23
14
11
33
20
16
50
30
25
67
41
33
87
53
43
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
10
7
5
3
1
17
13
9
5
4
27
21
15
8
6
47
36
27
15
11
64
49
36
20
15
104
80
59
33
24
147
113
84
47
35
228
175
130
72
53
304
234
174
97
71
392
301
224
124
92
22
30
1
1
3
1
4
3
8
5
11
7
18
12
25
18
39
27
52
37
67
47
122
Table A40 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 2 4 5 9 13 20 27 35
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
11
9
7
6
17
14
12
10
23
19
16
13
30
25
20
17
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
10
9
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
FHH-2, RFH-2, RFHH-3 0.75
1.25
9
8
16
13
26
22
45
38
61
51
100
84
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
12
10
8
20
17
13
33
27
22
57
47
38
77
64
51
126
104
84
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 21 36 59 101 137 223
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 15 26 43 75 101 165
RFH-2, TF, TFF, XF, XFF 1.25 12 21 35 60 81 133
XF, XFF 2.0 10 17 27 47 64 104
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
25
19
42
32
69
53
119
91
161
123
264
201
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
23
18
13
40
31
23
66
51
38
113
87
66
153
118
89
250
193
145
ZF, ZFF, ZHF, HF, HFF 0.75
1.25
2.0
30
22
16
52
38
28
85
63
46
146
108
79
197
145
107
322
238
175
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
44
31
21
14
10
75
53
36
25
17
123
87
60
41
27
212
149
103
70
47
287
202
139
95
64
468
330
227
156
104
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
52
37
25
16
10
90
63
42
28
18
147
103
69
46
30
253
178
119
79
52
342
240
161
107
70
558
392
264
175
114
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
5
4
9
7
14
11
25
19
34
26
56
43
123
Table A41 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in
Intermediate Metal Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
7
6
4
3
1
13
10
7
5
4
17
13
10
7
5
28
22
16
12
8
40
31
23
17
12
62
48
36
26
18
83
64
48
35
25
107
82
62
45
32
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
9
7
6
16
13
11
9
21
18
15
13
27
23
20
16
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
7
6
6
5
4
10
9
8
7
6
13
11
10
9
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
1
1
1
5
3
1
1
8
5
3
3
14
9
6
5
19
12
8
6
32
20
14
10
45
28
20
15
70
43
31
23
93
58
41
31
120
74
53
40
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
9
7
6
5
13
10
9
7
20
16
14
11
26
22
18
15
34
28
24
19
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
2
6
5
4
4
3
9
7
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
15
13
11
10
9
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
6
6
4
XHHW, XHHW-2 8.0
14
22
30
38
3
2
1
1
1
6
4
3
1
1
9
7
5
3
3
16
12
9
6
5
22
16
12
8
6
37
27
20
14
10
52
38
28
20
15
80
59
43
31
23
107
80
58
41
31
138
103
74
53
40
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
9
7
6
5
13
11
9
7
20
17
14
11
26
22
18
15
34
29
24
20
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
3
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
16
13
12
11
9
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
6
6
4
standard conductor is compressed to the extent that interstices (voids between strand
124
Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit (Type FNMC-B*) (Based on
Table 9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
3
3
6
5
10
8
16
13
29
23
38
30
62
50
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
2
1
4
3
7
6
12
10
21
17
27
22
44
36
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
2
1
8
4
3
14
7
6
18
9
7
29
15
12
22
30
38
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
9
7
5
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
5
4
3
1
9
7
5
3
15
12
9
5
25
19
14
8
44
33
25
14
57
43
32
18
93
71
53
29
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 3 6 10 16 29 38 62
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
3
1
5
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
30
23
50
39
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 1 4 6 11 14 23
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
5
3
2
1
8
6
4
3
11
8
6
4
18
13
9
7
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
*Corresponds to Section 3.51.2.1(2).
Types RHH, RHW, and RHW-2 without outer covering.
125
Table A42 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
8
5
3
1
1
13
9
6
3
2
22
16
10
6
4
36
26
16
9
7
63
46
29
16
12
81
59
37
21
15
133
97
61
35
25
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
4
9
7
5
15
11
8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
FEP, FEPB, PFA,
PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
7
5
4
1
1
12
9
6
3
2
21
15
11
6
4
35
25
18
10
7
61
44
32
18
13
79
57
41
23
17
129
94
68
39
27
22
30
1
1
1
1
3
1
5
3
9
6
12
8
19
13
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 0 1 1 2 4 5 9
PFA, PFAH, TFE,
Z
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
9
6
4
2
1
15
10
6
4
3
26
18
11
7
5
42
30
18
11
8
73
52
32
20
14
95
67
41
26
18
156
111
68
43
30
22
30
38
1
0
0
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
6
5
12
7
6
20
12
10
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
5
4
3
1
1
9
7
5
3
1
15
12
9
5
3
25
19
14
8
6
44
33
25
14
10
57
43
32
18
13
93
71
53
29
22
22
30
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
9
7
16
11
126
Table A42 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 0 1 1 1 4 5 8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
FFH-2, RFH-2 0.75
1.25
5
4
8
7
15
12
24
20
42
35
54
46
89
75
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
6
5
4
11
9
7
19
15
12
30
25
20
53
44
35
69
57
46
113
93
75
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 11 19 33 53 94 122 199
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 8 14 24 39 69 90 147
XFF
1.25 7 11 20 32 56 72 119
XF, XFF 2.0 5 9 15 25 44 57 93
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
14
10
23
17
39
30
63
48
111
85
144
110
236
180
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
13
10
7
21
16
12
37
29
21
60
46
35
105
81
61
136
105
79
223
173
129
1.25
2.0
17
12
9
28
20
15
48
35
26
77
57
42
136
100
73
176
129
95
288
212
156
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
24
17
12
8
5
40
28
19
13
9
70
49
34
23
15
112
79
54
37
25
197
139
95
65
44
255
180
123
85
57
418
295
202
139
93
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
29
20
14
9
6
48
34
23
15
10
83
58
39
26
17
134
94
63
42
27
235
165
111
73
48
304
214
144
95
62
499
350
236
156
102
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
3
1
5
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
30
23
50
39
Note: This table is for concentric stranded conductors only. For compact
stranded conductors, Table A43 should be used.
127
Table A43 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Liquidtight Flexible
Nonmetallic Conduit (Type FNMC-B*) (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
7
5
4
3
1
12
9
7
5
3
15
12
9
6
4
25
19
14
11
7
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14

1

2

4

7

13

17

28
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
3
2
8
6
4
11
7
6
17
12
9
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
1
1
3
2
5
4
9
6
15
11
20
15
33
24
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
3
2
8
6
4
11
7
6
17
12
9
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Definition: Compact stranding is the result of a manufacturing process where the standard conductors
compressed to the extent that the interstices (voids between strand wires) are virtually eliminated.
128
Table A44 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Liquidtight
Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit (Type FNMC-A*) (BasedOnTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
3
3
6
4
10
8
16
13
28
23
38
31
64
51
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
2
1
4
3
7
6
11
9
20
17
27
23
45
38
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
2
1
8
4
3
13
7
5
18
9
7
30
16
13
22
30
38
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
10
7
5
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
4
3
3
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
5
4
3
1
9
7
5
3
15
12
9
5
24
19
14
8
43
33
24
13
58
44
33
18
96
74
55
30
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 3 6 10 16 28 38 64
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
3
1
4
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
31
24
51
40
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 1 4 6 10 14 24
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
8
6
4
3
11
8
6
4
18
13
10
7
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
*Correspond to Section 3.51.2.1(1).
Types RHH, RHW,and RHW-2 without outer covering.
129
Table A44 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
8
5
3
1
1
13
9
6
3
2
22
16
10
6
4
35
25
16
9
6
62
45
28
16
12
83
60
38
22
16
137
100
63
36
26
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
4
9
7
5
16
11
8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
7
5
4
1
1
12
9
6
3
2
21
15
11
6
4
34
25
18
10
7
60
44
31
18
13
80
59
42
24
17
133
97
70
40
28
22
30
1
1
1
1
3
1
5
3
9
6
12
8
20
13
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
38 0 1 1 2 4 5 9
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
9
6
4
2
1
15
10
6
4
3
25
18
11
7
5
41
29
18
11
8
72
51
31
20
14
97
69
42
26
18
161
114
70
44
31
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
6
4
13
8
6
21
13
10
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
5
4
3
1
1
9
7
5
3
1
15
12
9
5
3
24
19
14
8
5
43
33
24
13
10
58
44
33
18
13
96
74
55
30
22
22
30
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
10
7
16
11
130
Table A44 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 0 1 1 1 4 5 8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
5
4
8
7
14
12
23
20
41
35
55
47
92
77
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
6
5
4
11
9
7
18
15
12
29
24
20
52
43
35
70
58
47
116
96
77
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 12 19 33 52 92 124 205
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 8 14 24 39 68 91 152
XFF
1.25 7 11 19 31 55 74 122
XF, XFF 2.0 5 9 15 24 43 58 96
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
14
10
22
17
39
29
62
47
109
83
146
112
243
185
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
13
10
7
21
16
12
37
28
21
59
45
34
103
80
60
139
107
80
230
178
133
1.25
2.0
17
12
9
27
20
15
47
35
25
76
56
41
133
98
72
179
132
97
297
219
161
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
25
17
12
8
5
40
28
19
13
9
69
48
33
23
15
110
77
53
36
24
193
136
94
64
43
260
183
126
86
58
431
303
209
143
96
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
29
21
14
9
6
48
33
22
15
10
82
57
39
25
17
131
92
62
41
27
231
162
109
72
47
310
218
146
97
63
514
361
243
161
105
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
3
1
4
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
31
24
51
40
131
Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit (Type FNMC-A*) (Based
onTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50
THW,
THW-2, THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
6
5
4
3
1
11
9
7
5
3
16
12
9
6
4
26
20
15
11
8
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
5
5
4
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
7
4
3
2
13
8
6
4
18
11
8
6
29
18
13
10
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
0
3
2
1
1
1
5
4
3
1
1
8
6
4
3
2
15
11
8
6
4
20
15
11
8
6
34
25
18
13
10
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
132
Table A46 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Liquidtight
Flexible Metal Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
6
5
10
8
16
13
29
23
38
30
62
50
93
75
143
115
186
149
243
195
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
7
6
12
10
21
17
27
22
44
36
66
55
102
84
133
110
173
144
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
3
1
1
5
2
1
8
4
3
14
7
6
18
9
7
29
15
12
44
23
18
68
36
28
89
46
37
116
61
48
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
9
7
5
14
11
7
22
17
11
29
22
14
38
29
19
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
10
8
7
6
13
11
9
8
16
14
12
10
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
4
8
7
6
6
5
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
9
7
5
3
15
12
9
5
25
19
14
8
44
33
25
14
57
43
32
18
93
71
53
29
140
108
80
44
215
165
123
68
280
215
160
89
365
280
209
116
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 6 10 16 29 38 62 93 143 186 243
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
5
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
30
23
50
39
75
58
115
89
149
117
195
152
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 4 6 11 14 23 35 53 70 91
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
5
3
2
1
8
6
4
3
11
8
6
4
18
13
9
7
27
20
14
10
41
30
22
15
53
40
29
20
70
52
38
26
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
17
15
12
10
23
19
16
13
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
133
Table A46 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
13
9
6
3
22
16
10
6
36
26
16
9
63
46
29
16
81
59
37
21
133
97
61
35
201
146
92
53
308
225
141
81
401
292
184
106
523
381
240
138
14 2 4 7 12 15 25 38 59 76 100
22
30
38
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
4
9
7
5
15
11
8
23
17
12
36
26
19
47
33
25
61
44
32
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
16
13
11
9
21
17
14
12
27
23
19
15
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
6
5
12
11
9
8
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
3
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
12
9
6
3
2
21
15
11
6
4
35
25
18
10
7
61
44
32
18
13
79
57
41
23
17
129
94
68
39
27
195
142
102
58
41
299
218
156
89
64
389
284
203
117
83
507
370
266
152
108
22
30
1
1
3
1
5
3
9
6
12
8
19
13
29
20
44
30
58
40
75
52
PFA, PFAH,
TFE
38 1 1 2 4 5 9 14 21 28 36
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
6
18
14
12
10
23
19
16
13
30
25
20
17
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
20
14
8
5
4
26
18
11
7
5
42
30
18
11
8
73
52
32
20
14
95
67
41
26
18
156
111
68
43
30
235
167
102
64
45
360
255
156
99
69
469
332
203
129
90
611
434
266
168
118
22
30
38
2
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
6
5
12
7
6
20
12
10
31
19
15
48
29
23
62
38
30
81
49
40
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
9
7
5
3
1
15
12
9
5
3
25
19
14
8
6
44
33
25
14
10
57
43
32
18
13
93
71
53
29
22
140
108
80
44
33
215
165
123
68
50
280
215
160
89
66
365
280
209
116
86
22
30
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
9
7
16
11
24
17
36
26
48
34
62
44
134
Table A46 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 1 4 5 8 12 19 25 33
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
9
7
6
16
13
11
9
21
17
14
12
28
23
19
16
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
6
5
13
11
10
8
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
3
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
8
7
15
12
24
20
42
35
54
46
89
75
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
11
9
7
19
15
12
30
25
20
53
44
35
69
57
46
113
93
75
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 19 33 53 94 122 199
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 14 24 39 69 90 147
XFF
1.25 11 20 32 56 72 119
XF, XFF 2.0 9 15 25 44 57 93
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
23
17
39
30
63
48
111
85
144
110
236
180
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
21
16
12
37
29
21
60
46
35
105
81
61
136
105
79
223
173
129
1.25
2.0
28
20
15
48
35
26
77
57
42
136
100
73
176
129
95
288
212
156
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
40
28
19
13
9
70
49
34
23
15
112
79
54
37
25
197
139
95
65
44
255
180
123
85
57
418
295
202
139
93
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
48
34
23
15
10
83
58
39
26
17
134
94
63
42
27
235
165
111
73
48
304
214
144
95
62
499
350
236
156
102
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
5
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
30
23
50
39
135
Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit (Based on Table 9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
10 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
12
9
15
12
25
19
38
29
58
45
76
59
99
77
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
3
9
6
4
14
11
7
22
16
11
34
25
17
44
32
23
57
42
30
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
10
8
7
6
15
13
11
9
20
16
14
12
26
21
18
15
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
3
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14

1

2

4

7

13

17

28

43

66

86

112
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
3
2
8
6
4
11
7
6
17
12
9
26
19
14
41
29
22
53
38
28
69
50
37
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
6
5
4
12
10
8
7
19
15
13
10
24
20
17
14
32
26
22
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
5
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
11
9
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
1
1
3
2
5
4
9
6
15
11
20
15
33
24
49
37
76
56
98
73
129
95
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
3
2
8
6
4
11
7
6
17
12
9
26
19
14
41
29
22
53
38
28
69
50
37
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
5
4
12
10
8
7
19
16
13
11
24
20
17
14
32
27
22
18
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
5
5
4
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
15
12
11
10
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
136
Table A48 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Rigid Metal Conduit
(BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
6
5
10
8
17
13
29
23
39
32
65
52
93
75
143
115
191
154
246
198
387
311
558
448
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
7
6
12
10
21
17
28
23
46
38
66
55
102
85
136
113
176
146
276
229
398
330
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
3
1
1
5
2
1
8
4
3
14
7
6
19
10
8
31
16
13
44
23
18
68
36
29
91
48
38
118
61
49
185
97
77
267
139
112
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
10
7
5
14
11
7
22
17
11
30
23
15
38
29
19
60
46
30
87
66
44
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
6
5
4
4
10
8
7
6
13
11
10
8
17
14
12
11
26
23
20
17
38
33
28
24
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
3
3
6
5
5
4
4
8
7
6
6
5
13
11
10
9
8
18
16
15
13
11
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
9
8
8
6
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
9
7
5
3
15
12
9
5
25
19
14
8
44
33
25
14
59
45
34
19
98
75
56
31
140
107
80
44
216
165
123
68
288
221
164
91
370
284
212
118
581
446
332
185
839
644
480
267
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 6 10 17 29 39 65 93 143 191 246 387 558
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
5
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
32
25
52
41
75
58
115
90
154
120
198
154
311
242
448
350
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 4 6 11 15 24 35 54 72 92 145 209
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
5
3
2
1
8
6
4
3
11
8
6
4
18
14
10
7
27
20
14
10
41
31
22
15
55
41
30
21
71
53
38
27
111
83
60
42
160
120
87
61
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
18
15
13
10
23
19
16
14
36
31
26
21
52
44
37
31
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
17
15
13
12
10
25
22
19
17
14
137
Table A48 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
8
7
7
5
12
10
10
8
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
13
9
6
3
22
16
10
6
36
26
17
9
63
46
29
16
85
62
39
22
140
102
64
37
200
146
92
53
309
225
142
82
412
301
189
109
531
387
244
140
833
608
383
221
1202
877
552
318
14 2 4 7 12 16 27 38 59 79 101 159 230
22
30
38
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
4
10
7
5
16
11
8
23
17
12
36
26
19
48
34
25
62
44
33
98
70
51
141
100
74
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
16
13
11
9
21
18
15
12
27
23
19
16
43
36
30
25
63
52
43
36
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
7
5
13
11
10
8
7
20
17
15
13
11
29
25
22
20
16
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
8
FEP, FEPB, PFA,
PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
12
9
6
3
2
22
16
11
6
4
35
26
18
10
7
61
44
32
18
13
83
60
43
25
17
136
99
71
41
29
194
142
102
58
41
300
219
157
90
64
400
292
209
120
85
515
376
269
154
110
808
590
423
242
172
1166
851
610
350
249
22
30
1
1
3
1
5
3
9
6
12
8
20
14
29
20
44
31
59
41
77
53
120
83
174
120
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 2 4 6 9 14 21 28 37 57 83
PFA, PFAH, TFE,
Z
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
11
9
8
6
18
14
12
10
24
19
16
13
30
25
21
17
48
40
33
27
69
57
47
39
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
15
10
6
4
3
26
18
11
7
5
42
30
18
11
8
73
52
32
20
14
100
71
43
27
19
164
116
71
45
31
234
166
102
64
45
361
256
157
99
69
482
342
209
132
93
621
440
269
170
120
974
691
423
267
188
1405
997
610
386
271
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
6
5
13
8
6
22
13
10
31
19
15
48
29
23
64
39
31
82
50
40
129
78
63
186
113
92
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
9
7
5
3
1
15
12
9
5
3
25
19
14
8
6
44
33
25
14
10
59
45
34
19
14
98
75
56
31
23
140
107
80
44
33
216
165
123
68
51
288
221
164
91
68
370
284
212
118
87
581
446
332
185
137
839
644
480
267
197
22
30
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
10
7
16
12
24
17
37
26
49
35
63
45
99
70
143
101
138
Table A48 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 1 4 5 9 12 19 26 33 52 76
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
9
7
6
16
13
11
9
22
18
15
12
28
23
19
16
44
37
30
25
64
53
44
36
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
6
5
4
10
9
7
7
5
13
11
10
9
7
20
18
15
14
11
30
25
22
20
16
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
8
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
8
7
15
12
24
20
42
35
57
48
94
79
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
11
9
7
19
15
12
31
25
20
53
44
35
72
59
48
118
98
79
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 19 33 54 94 127 209
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 14 25 40 69 94 155
XFF
1.25 11 20 32 56 76 125
XF, XFF 2.0 9 15 25 44 59 98
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
23
17
40
30
64
49
111
84
150
115
248
189
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
21
16
12
38
29
22
61
47
35
105
81
61
143
110
83
235
181
136
1.25
2.0
28
20
15
48
36
26
79
58
42
135
100
73
184
136
100
303
223
164
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
40
28
19
13
9
71
50
34
23
15
114
80
55
38
25
197
138
95
65
44
267
188
129
89
59
439
310
213
146
98
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
48
34
23
15
10
84
59
40
26
17
136
96
64
42
28
235
165
111
73
48
318
224
150
100
65
524
368
248
164
107
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
5
3
8
6
13
10
23
18
32
25
52
41
139
Table A49 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Rigid
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
THW,
THW-2, THHW
8.0
14
2
1
4
3
7
5
12
9
16
12
26
20
38
29
59
45
78
60
101
78
158
122
228
176
22
30
38
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
3
9
7
5
15
11
8
22
16
11
34
25
17
45
33
23
58
43
30
91
67
47
132
97
68
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
15
13
11
9
20
17
14
12
26
22
19
15
41
34
29
24
59
50
42
35
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
3
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
7
5
12
11
9
8
7
19
17
15
13
11
28
24
22
20
17
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
9
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14

2

5

8

13

18

30

43

66

88

114

179

258
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
8
6
4
11
8
6
18
13
10
26
19
14
41
29
22
55
39
29
70
50
38
110
79
60
159
114
86
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
12
10
8
7
19
15
13
10
25
21
17
14
32
26
22
18
51
42
35
29
73
60
51
42
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
5
11
10
8
7
6
14
12
11
10
8
23
20
17
15
13
33
28
25
22
19
325
375
400
500
0
00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
10
9
9
6
15
13
13
9
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
3
2
5
4
9
6
15
11
21
15
34
25
49
36
76
56
101
75
130
97
205
152
296
220
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
8
6
4
11
8
6
18
13
10
26
19
14
41
29
22
55
39
29
70
50
38
110
79
60
159
114
86
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
12
10
8
7
19
16
13
11
25
21
17
14
32
27
22
19
51
43
35
29
73
62
51
42
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
5
5
4
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
10
9
8
6
15
13
11
10
8
23
20
18
16
13
34
29
25
23
19
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
5
5
4
10
8
8
7
15
12
12
10
140
Rigid PVC Conduit, Schedule 80 (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
8
6
13
10
23
19
32
26
55
44
79
63
123
99
166
133
215
173
341
274
490
394
RHH, RHW, RHW-
2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
3
2
5
4
9
7
17
14
23
19
39
32
56
46
88
73
118
98
153
127
243
202
349
290
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
1
1
1
3
1
1
6
3
2
11
6
4
15
8
6
26
13
11
37
19
16
59
31
24
79
41
33
103
54
43
163
85
68
234
122
98
22
30
38
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
5
4
2
8
6
4
12
9
6
19
14
9
26
20
13
33
25
17
53
41
27
77
58
38
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
8
7
6
5
11
10
8
7
15
13
11
9
23
20
17
15
33
29
25
21
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
5
5
4
4
3
7
6
5
5
4
11
10
9
8
7
16
14
13
12
10
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
8
7
7
5
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
6
5
3
1
11
9
6
3
20
15
11
6
35
27
20
11
49
38
28
15
82
63
47
26
118
91
67
37
185
142
106
59
250
192
143
79
324
248
185
103
514
394
294
163
736
565
421
234
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 4 8 13 23 32 55 79 123 166 215 341 490
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
3
2
6
5
10
8
19
15
26
20
44
34
63
49
99
77
133
104
173
135
274
214
394
307
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 3 5 9 12 20 29 46 62 81 128 184
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
7
5
3
2
9
7
5
3
16
12
8
6
22
17
12
8
35
26
19
13
48
35
26
18
62
46
33
23
98
73
53
37
141
105
77
54
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
7
6
5
4
11
10
8
7
15
13
11
9
20
17
14
12
32
27
23
19
46
39
33
27
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
5
4
4
3
7
6
6
5
4
9
8
7
7
5
15
13
12
10
9
22
19
17
15
13
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
4
4
4
3
7
6
6
5
10
8
8
7
141
Table A50 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
9
6
4
2
17
12
7
4
28
20
13
7
51
37
23
13
70
51
32
18
118
86
54
31
170
124
78
45
265
193
122
70
358
261
164
95
464
338
213
123
736
537
338
195
1055
770
485
279
14 1 3 5 9 13 22 32 51 68 89 141 202
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
2
1
6
4
3
8
6
4
14
10
7
20
14
10
31
22
16
42
30
22
54
39
29
86
61
45
124
88
65
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
9
7
6
5
14
11
9
8
18
15
13
10
24
20
17
14
38
32
26
22
55
46
38
31
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
18
15
13
12
10
25
22
19
17
14
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
8
7
7
5
12
9
9
7
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
8
6
4
2
1
16
12
8
5
3
27
20
14
8
6
49
36
26
15
10
68
50
36
20
14
115
84
60
34
24
164
120
86
49
35
257
188
135
77
55
347
253
182
104
74
450
328
235
135
96
714
521
374
214
152
1024
747
536
307
218
22
30
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
10
7
17
12
24
17
38
26
52
35
67
46
106
73
153
105
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 1 3 5 8 11 18 25 32 51 73
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
2
1
7
5
4
4
10
8
6
5
15
12
10
8
20
17
14
11
27
22
18
15
42
35
29
24
61
50
41
34
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
10
7
4
3
2
19
14
8
5
4
33
23
14
9
6
59
42
26
16
11
82
58
36
22
16
138
98
60
38
26
198
141
86
54
38
310
220
135
85
60
418
297
182
115
81
542
385
235
149
104
860
610
374
236
166
1233
875
536
339
238
22
30
38
1
1
0
2
1
1
4
2
2
8
5
4
11
6
5
18
11
9
26
16
13
41
25
20
55
33
27
72
43
35
114
69
56
164
99
80
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
6
5
3
1
1
11
9
6
3
2
20
15
11
6
4
35
27
20
11
8
49
38
28
15
11
82
63
47
26
19
118
91
67
37
28
185
142
106
59
43
250
192
143
79
59
324
248
185
103
76
514
394
294
163
121
736
565
421
234
173
22
30
1
1
1
1
3
2
6
4
8
6
14
10
20
14
31
22
42
30
55
39
87
62
125
89
142
Table A50 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 0 1 1 3 4 7 10 16 22 29 46 66
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
9
7
6
5
14
11
9
8
19
16
13
11
24
20
17
14
39
32
27
22
56
46
38
32
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
9
7
6
6
5
11
10
8
7
6
18
15
14
12
10
26
22
20
17
14
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
8
6
6
5
11
9
9
7
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
6
5
11
9
19
16
34
28
47
39
79
67
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
7
6
5
14
11
9
24
20
16
43
35
28
59
49
39
100
82
67
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 13 25 42 76 105 177
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 10 18 31 56 77 130
XFF
1.25 8 15 25 45 62 105
XF, XFF 2.0 6 11 20 35 49 82
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
16
12
29
22
50
38
90
68
124
95
209
159
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
15
11
8
28
22
16
47
36
27
85
66
49
118
91
68
198
153
115
1.25
2.0
19
14
10
36
27
19
61
45
33
110
81
59
152
112
82
255
188
138
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
28
19
13
9
6
53
37
25
17
11
88
62
43
29
20
159
112
77
53
35
220
155
107
73
49
371
261
179
123
82
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
33
23
16
10
7
63
44
29
19
13
106
74
50
33
21
190
133
90
59
39
263
185
124
82
54
442
310
209
138
90
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
3
2
6
5
10
8
19
15
26
20
44
34
143
Table A51 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Rigid PVC Conduit,
Schedule 80 (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
0
3
2
1
1
1
5
4
3
1
1
9
7
5
4
3
13
10
7
5
4
22
17
13
9
6
32
25
18
13
9
50
39
29
21
15
68
52
39
29
20
88
68
51
37
26
140
108
81
60
42
200
155
116
85
60
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
17
15
12
10
23
19
16
13
36
30
26
22
52
44
37
31
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
17
15
13
12
10
25
21
19
17
14
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
8
7
7
5
12
10
10
8
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
6
3
2
1
11
6
5
3
15
9
6
5
25
15
11
8
36
22
16
12
57
35
25
19
77
47
34
25
99
61
44
33
158
98
70
53
226
140
100
75
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
16
13
11
9
22
18
15
12
28
23
19
16
45
37
31
25
64
53
44
37
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
6
5
12
11
9
8
7
20
17
15
13
11
29
25
22
19
16
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
4
4
3
6
5
5
3
9
8
8
5
13
11
11
8
XHHW, XHHW-2 8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
7
5
3
2
1
12
9
6
5
3
17
13
9
6
5
29
21
15
11
8
42
31
22
16
12
65
48
35
25
19
88
65
47
34
25
114
85
61
44
33
181
134
98
70
53
260
193
140
100
75
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
16
13
11
9
22
18
15
12
28
24
19
16
45
38
31
26
64
54
44
37
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
7
5
13
11
10
9
7
21
17
15
14
11
30
25
22
20
17
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
3
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
8
standard conductors compressed to the extent that the interstices (voids between strand
144
Table A52 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Rigid
PVC Conduit, Schedule 40 and HDPE Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5
4
9
8
16
12
28
22
38
30
63
50
90
72
139
112
186
150
240
193
378
304
546
439
RHH, RHW, RHW-
2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
4
3
7
5
11
9
20
16
27
22
45
37
64
53
99
82
133
110
171
142
269
224
390
323
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
2
1
1
4
2
1
7
4
3
13
7
5
18
9
7
30
15
12
43
22
18
66
35
28
89
46
37
115
60
48
181
94
76
261
137
109
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
6
4
3
10
7
5
14
10
7
22
16
11
29
22
14
37
28
19
59
45
29
85
65
43
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
9
8
7
6
13
11
9
8
16
14
12
10
26
22
19
16
37
32
28
24
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
4
8
7
6
6
5
12
11
10
9
8
18
16
14
13
11
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
5
4
9
8
8
6
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
8
6
4
2
14
11
8
4
24
18
13
7
42
32
24
13
57
44
32
18
94
72
54
30
135
103
77
43
209
160
119
66
280
215
160
89
361
277
206
115
568
436
325
181
822
631
470
261
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 5 9 16 28 38 63 90 139 186 240 378 546
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
4
3
8
6
12
10
22
17
30
24
50
39
72
56
112
87
150
117
193
150
304
237
439
343
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 1 3 6 10 14 23 33 52 70 90 142 205
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHN,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
8
6
4
3
11
8
6
4
18
13
10
7
26
19
14
10
40
30
22
15
53
40
29
20
69
51
37
26
109
81
59
41
157
117
85
60
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
17
15
12
10
22
19
16
13
35
30
25
21
51
43
36
30
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
17
15
13
12
10
25
21
19
17
14
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
8
6
6
5
11
10
10
7
145
Table A52 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
11
8
5
3
21
15
9
5
34
25
15
9
60
43
27
16
82
59
37
21
135
99
62
36
193
141
89
51
299
218
137
79
401
293
184
106
517
377
238
137
815
594
374
216
1178
859
541
312
14 1 4 6 11 15 26 37 57 77 99 156 225
22
30
38
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
3
9
7
5
16
11
8
22
16
12
35
25
18
47
33
25
61
43
32
96
68
50
138
98
73
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
15
13
11
9
21
17
14
12
37
22
18
15
42
35
29
24
61
51
42
35
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
6
5
12
11
9
8
7
20
17
15
13
11
28
24
21
19
16
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
5
4
4
3
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
8
FEP, FEPB, PFA,
PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
11
8
6
3
20
15
10
6
33
24
17
10
58
42
30
17
79
58
41
24
131
96
69
39
188
137
98
56
290
212
152
87
389
284
204
117
502
366
263
150
790
577
414
237
1142
834
598
343
14
22
30
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
3
12
8
6
17
12
8
28
19
13
40
28
19
62
43
30
83
58
40
107
75
51
169
118
81
244
170
117
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 2 4 5 9 13 20 28 36 56 81
PFA, PFAH, TFE,
Z
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
3
2
8
6
5
4
11
9
7
6
17
14
12
9
23
19
16
13
30
24
20
16
47
39
32
26
68
56
46
38
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
13
9
6
3
2
24
17
10
6
4
40
28
17
11
7
70
49
30
19
13
95
68
41
26
18
158
112
69
43
30
226
160
98
62
43
350
248
152
96
67
469
333
204
129
90
605
429
263
166
116
952
675
414
261
184
1376
976
598
378
265
22
30
38
1
1
1
3
1
1
5
3
2
9
5
4
12
7
6
21
12
10
30
18
14
46
28
23
62
38
30
80
49
39
126
77
62
183
111
90
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
8
6
4
2
1
14
11
8
4
3
24
18
13
7
5
42
32
24
13
10
57
44
32
18
13
94
72
54
30
22
135
103
77
43
32
209
160
119
66
49
280
215
160
89
66
361
277
206
115
85
568
436
325
181
134
822
631
470
261
193
22
30
1
1
2
1
4
3
7
5
9
7
16
11
23
16
35
25
48
34
61
44
97
69
140
99
146
Table A52 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 1 3 5 8 12 19 25 32 51 74
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
4
10
8
7
6
16
13
11
9
21
17
14
12
27
23
19
15
43
36
30
24
62
52
43
35
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
10
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
7
20
17
15
13
11
29
25
22
19
16
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
5
4
4
3
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
8
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
8
6
14
12
23
19
40
33
54
46
90
76
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
10
8
6
17
14
12
29
24
19
50
42
33
69
57
46
114
94
76
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 17 31 51 89 122 202
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 13 23 38 66 90 149
XFF
1.25 10 18 30 53 73 120
XF, XFF 2.0 8 14 24 42 57 94
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
20
16
37
28
60
46
105
80
144
110
239
183
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
19
15
11
35
27
20
57
44
33
100
77
58
137
106
79
227
175
131
1.25
2.0
25
18
13
45
33
24
74
54
40
129
95
70
176
130
95
292
216
158
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
36
26
17
12
8
65
46
31
22
14
107
75
52
35
24
187
132
90
62
42
256
180
124
85
57
424
299
205
141
94
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
43
30
20
13
9
78
55
37
24
16
128
90
60
40
26
223
157
105
70
45
305
214
144
95
62
506
355
239
158
103
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
4
3
8
6
12
10
22
17
30
24
50
39
147
Table A53 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Rigid PVC Conduit,
Schedule 40 and HDPE Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
6
5
3
2
1
11
9
6
5
3
15
12
9
6
4
26
20
15
11
7
37
28
21
15
11
57
44
33
24
17
76
59
44
32
23
98
76
57
42
29
155
119
89
66
46
224
173
129
95
67
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
5
15
12
10
9
20
16
14
12
25
21
18
15
40
34
29
24
58
49
42
35
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
19
16
15
13
11
27
24
21
19
16
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
3
5
5
5
4
9
7
7
6
13
11
11
9
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
2
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
7
4
3
2
13
8
5
4
17
11
8
6
29
18
13
9
41
25
18
14
64
40
28
21
86
53
38
29
111
68
49
37
175
108
77
58
253
156
112
84
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
5
4
12
9
8
6
18
15
12
10
24
20
17
14
31
26
22
18
49
41
34
28
72
59
50
41
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
10
9
8
22
19
17
15
13
32
28
24
22
18
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
10
8
8
6
15
12
12
9
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
1
1
1
1
5
4
2
1
1
8
6
4
3
2
14
11
8
5
4
20
15
11
8
6
33
25
18
13
9
47
35
25
18
14
73
55
40
28
21
99
73
53
38
29
127
94
68
49
37
200
149
108
77
58
290
215
156
112
84
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
7
5
5
12
10
8
7
18
15
12
10
24
20
17
14
31
26
22
18
49
42
34
29
72
60
50
42
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
11
10
8
23
19
17
15
13
33
28
25
22
18
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
10
8
8
6
15
12
12
9
148
Type A, Rigid PVC Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
7
6
12
10
20
16
34
27
44
35
70
56
104
84
157
126
204
164
262
211
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5
4
9
7
15
12
24
20
31
26
49
41
74
61
112
93
146
121
187
155
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
3
1
1
6
3
2
10
5
4
16
8
6
21
11
9
33
17
14
50
26
21
75
39
31
98
51
41
125
65
52
22
30
38
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
2
1
5
4
2
7
5
3
11
8
5
16
12
8
24
18
12
32
24
16
41
31
20
50
60
80
100
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
5
4
3
3
7
6
5
4
10
9
8
7
14
12
10
9
18
15
13
11
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
4
3
7
6
5
5
4
8
7
7
6
5
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
4
4
4
3
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0(3.2)
11
8
6
3
18
14
10
6
31
24
18
10
51
39
29
16
67
51
38
21
105
80
60
33
157
120
89
50
235
181
135
75
307
236
176
98
395
303
226
125
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 7 12 20 34 44 70 104 157 204 262
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THHW,
THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
6
4
10
8
16
13
27
21
35
28
56
44
84
65
126
98
164
128
211
165
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 2 4 8 12 16 26 39 59 77 98
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
6
4
3
1
9
7
5
3
13
9
7
5
20
15
11
7
30
22
16
11
45
33
24
17
59
44
32
22
75
56
41
29
50
60
80
100
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
4
10
8
7
6
14
12
10
9
19
16
13
11
24
21
17
14
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
3
3
2
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
149
Table A54 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
4
3
3
3
5
4
4
3
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
16
11
7
27
19
12
44
32
20
73
53
33
96
70
44
150
109
69
225
164
103
338
246
155
441
321
202
566
412
260
8.0 (3.2)
14
22
30
38
4
3
1
1
1
7
5
3
1
1
12
8
5
3
2
19
14
8
6
4
25
18
11
8
6
40
28
17
12
9
59
43
26
19
14
89
64
39
28
21
117
84
52
37
27
150
108
66
47
35
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
6
5
4
11
10
8
6
17
14
12
10
23
19
16
13
29
24
20
17
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
10
9
8
7
6
14
12
10
9
7
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
15
11
8
4
3
26
19
13
8
5
43
31
22
13
9
70
51
37
21
15
93
68
48
28
20
146
106
76
44
31
218
159
114
65
46
327
239
171
98
70
427
312
224
128
91
549
400
287
165
117
22
30
1
1
4
2
6
4
10
7
14
9
21
15
32
22
49
33
64
44
82
56
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 1 1 3 5 6 10 15 23 30 39
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
13
10
9
7
19
16
13
11
25
21
17
14
32
27
22
18
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
18
13
8
5
31
22
13
8
52
37
22
14
85
60
37
23
112
79
48
30
175
124
76
48
263
186
114
72
395
280
171
108
515
365
224
141
661
469
287
181
14
22
30
38
3
2
1
1
6
4
2
1
10
7
4
3
16
11
7
5
21
15
9
7
34
23
14
11
50
35
21
17
76
52
32
26
99
68
41
33
127
88
53
43
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
11
8
6
3
18
14
10
6
31
24
18
10
51
39
29
16
67
51
38
21
105
80
60
33
157
120
89
50
235
181
135
75
307
236
176
98
395
303
226
125
14
22
30
2
1
1
4
3
1
7
5
3
12
8
6
15
11
8
24
18
12
37
26
19
55
40
28
75
52
37
93
67
48
150
Table A54 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size [mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 1 1 3 4 6 9 14 21 28 35
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
3
8
6
5
4
12
10
8
7
18
15
12
10
23
19
16
13
30
25
20
17
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
1
5
5
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
10
9
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
FIXTURE WIRES
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50
1.25
10
9
18
15
30
25
48
41
64
54
100
85
SF-2, SFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
13
11
9
22
18
15
37
31
25
61
51
41
81
67
54
127
105
85
SF-1, SFF-1 0.75 23 40 66 108 143 224
RFH-1, RFHH-2, TF,
TFF, XF, XFF
0.75 17 29 49 80 105 165
XFF
1.25 14 24 39 65 85 134
XF, XFF 2.0 11 18 31 51 67 105
TFN, TFFN 0.75
1.25
28
21
47
36
79
60
128
98
169
129
265
202
PF, PFF, PGF, PGFF,
0.75
1.25
2.0
26
20
15
45
35
26
74
58
43
122
94
70
160
124
93
251
194
146
1.25
2.0
34
25
18
58
42
31
96
71
52
157
116
85
206
152
112
324
239
175
KF-2, KFF-2 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
49
35
24
16
11
84
59
40
28
18
140
98
67
46
31
228
160
110
76
51
300
211
145
100
67
470
331
228
157
105
KF-1, KFF-1 0.75
1.25
2.0
3.5
5.5
59
41
28
18
12
100
70
47
31
20
167
117
79
52
34
272
191
128
85
55
357
251
169
112
73
561
394
265
175
115
XF, XFF 3.5
5.5
6
4
10
8
16
13
27
21
35
28
56
44
151
Table A55 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Type A, Rigid
PVC Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1, Chapter 9)
COMPACT CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor
Size (mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100
THW, THW-2,
THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
2
1
1
1
5
4
3
1
1
8
6
5
3
2
14
10
8
6
4
18
14
10
7
5
28
22
16
12
8
42
33
24
18
13
64
49
37
27
19
84
65
48
36
25
107
83
62
46
32
50
60
80
100
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
3
3
7
6
5
4
11
9
8
6
16
14
12
10
21
18
15
13
28
23
20
17
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
5
4
4
3
3
8
7
6
5
4
10
9
8
7
6
13
11
10
9
8
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
6
5
5
4
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
3
1
1
1
5
3
2
1
9
6
4
3
15
9
7
5
20
12
9
7
32
20
14
10
48
30
21
16
72
45
32
24
94
58
42
31
121
75
54
40
50
60
80
100
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
3
9
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
20
17
14
11
27
22
18
15
34
28
24
19
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
2
6
5
4
4
3
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
15
13
11
10
9
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
6
6
4
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
4
3
1
1
1
6
5
3
2
1
11
8
6
4
3
18
13
9
7
5
23
17
12
9
7
37
27
20
14
10
55
41
30
21
16
83
62
45
32
24
108
80
58
42
31
139
103
75
54
40
50
60
80
100
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
6
5
4
3
9
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
20
17
14
12
27
22
18
15
34
29
24
20
125
150
175
200
250
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
6
5
5
4
3
9
8
7
6
5
12
10
9
8
7
16
13
12
11
9
325
375
400
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
4
3
3
2
5
4
4
3
7
6
6
4
152
Table A56 Maximum Number of Conductors in Type EB, PVC Conduit (Basedon
Table9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
[mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
50 80 90 100 125 150
RH 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
74
59
166
134
217
175
276
222
424
341
603
485
RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
53
44
119
98
155
128
197
163
303
251
430
357
RH, RHH, RHW,
RHW-2
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
14
35
18
15
79
41
33
104
54
43
132
69
55
203
106
85
288
151
121
22
30
38
11
9
6
26
20
13
34
26
17
43
33
21
66
50
33
94
72
47
50
60
80
100
5
4
4
3
11
10
8
7
15
13
11
9
19
16
14
12
29
25
22
18
41
36
31
26
125
150
175
200
250
2
1
1
1
1
5
5
4
4
3
7
6
5
5
4
9
8
7
6
5
14
12
11
10
9
20
17
16
14
12
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
3
3
2
2
4
4
3
3
7
6
5
5
10
9
7
7
TW 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
111
85
63
35
250
192
143
79
327
251
187
104
415
319
238
132
638
490
365
203
907
696
519
288
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
2.0 (1.6) 74 166 217 276 424 603
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*,
THHW, THW
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
59
46
134
104
175
136
222
173
341
266
485
378
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, THW,
THHW, THW-2
8.0 (3.2) 28 62 81 104 159 227
RHH*, RHW*,
RHW-2*, TW,
THW, THHW,
THW-2
14
22
30
38
21
16
11
8
48
36
26
18
62
46
34
24
79
59
43
30
122
91
66
46
173
129
94
66
50
60
80
100
7
6
5
4
15
13
11
9
20
17
14
12
26
22
18
15
40
34
28
24
56
48
40
34
125
150
175
200
250
3
3
2
2
1
7
6
6
5
4
10
8
7
7
5
12
11
9
8
7
19
17
15
13
11
27
24
21
19
16
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
2
4
4
3
3
6
5
4
4
9
7
6
6
13
11
8
8
153
Table A56 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
[mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
50 80 90 100 125 150
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
159
116
73
42
359
262
165
95
468
342
215
124
595
434
274
158
915
667
420
242
1300
948
597
344
14
22
30
38
30
19
13
10
68
42
30
22
89
55
39
29
114
70
50
37
175
107
76
57
248
153
109
80
50
60
80
100
8
7
5
4
18
15
13
10
24
20
17
14
31
26
21
18
48
40
33
27
68
56
47
39
125
150
175
200
250
4
3
3
2
1
8
7
6
6
5
11
10
8
7
6
14
12
11
10
8
22
19
17
15
12
31
27
24
21
18
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
2
5
4
3
3
6
5
4
4
10
8
6
6
14
12
9
9
FEP, FEPB,
PFA, PFAH, TFE
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
155
113
81
348
254
182
454
332
238
578
422
302
888
648
465
1261
920
660
8.0 (3.2)
14
22
30
46
33
23
16
104
74
52
36
136
97
68
46
173
123
86
59
266
189
132
91
378
269
188
129
PFA, PFAH, TFE 38 11 25 32 41 63 90
PFA, PFAH,
TFE, Z
50
60
80
100
9
7
6
5
20
17
14
11
27
22
18
15
34
28
23
19
53
43
36
29
75
62
51
42
Z 2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
186
132
81
51
419
297
182
115
547
388
238
150
696
494
302
191
1069
759
465
294
1519
1078
660
417
14
22
30
38
36
24
15
12
81
55
34
27
105
72
44
36
134
92
56
45
206
142
86
70
293
201
122
99
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW
2.0 (1.6)
3.5 (2.0)
5.5 (2.6)
8.0 (3.2)
111
85
63
35
250
192
143
79
327
251
187
104
415
319
238
132
638
490
365
203
907
696
519
288
14
22
30
26
19
13
59
42
30
77
56
39
98
71
50
150
109
77
213
155
110
154
Table A56 Continued
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
[mm
2
(mm dia.)]
Raceway Size (mm)
50 80 90 100 125 150
XHH, XHHW,
XHHW-2
38 10 22 29 37 58 82
50
60
80
100
8
7
6
5
19
16
13
11
25
20
17
14
31
26
22
18
48
40
33
27
69
57
47
39
125
150
175
200
250
4
3
3
2
1
9
7
6
6
5
11
10
9
8
6
15
12
11
10
8
22
19
17
15
12
32
28
24
22
18
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
2
5
4
3
3
6
5
4
4
10
8
6
6
14
12
9
9
155
Table A57 Maximum Number of Compact Conductors in Type EB,
PVC Conduit (BasedonTable9.1.1.1)
CONDUCTORS
Type
Conductor Size
(mm
2
)
Raceway Size (mm)
50 80 90 100 125 150
THW, THW-
2, THHW
8.0
14
22
30
38
30
23
17
13
9
68
52
39
29
20
89
69
51
38
26
113
87
65
48
34
174
134
100
74
52
247
191
143
105
74
50
60
80
100
8
6
5
4
17
15
12
10
23
19
16
14
29
24
21
17
45
38
32
27
64
54
46
38
125
150
175
200
250
3
3
3
2
1
8
7
6
6
5
11
9
8
7
6
14
12
11
10
8
21
19
17
15
12
30
26
24
21
18
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
2
5
4
3
3
6
5
4
4
10
8
7
7
14
12
9
9
THHN, THWN,
THWN-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
34
21
15
11
77
47
34
25
100
62
44
33
128
79
57
42
196
121
87
65
279
172
124
93
50
60
80
100
9
8
6
5
22
18
15
12
28
23
20
16
36
30
25
20
56
46
38
32
79
65
55
45
125
150
175
200
250
4
4
3
3
2
10
8
7
6
5
13
11
9
8
7
16
14
12
11
9
25
22
19
17
14
35
31
27
24
20
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
3
6
5
3
3
7
6
4
4
11
9
7
7
16
14
10
10
XHHW,
XHHW-2
8.0
14
22
30
38
39
29
21
15
11
88
65
47
34
25
115
85
62
44
33
146
109
79
57
42
225
167
121
87
65
320
238
172
124
93
50
60
80
100
9
8
6
5
22
18
15
12
28
24
20
16
36
30
25
21
56
47
38
32
79
67
55
46
125
150
175
200
250
4
4
3
3
2
10
8
7
7
5
13
11
10
9
7
17
14
12
11
9
26
22
19
17
14
37
31
28
25
20
325
375
400
500
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
6
5
4
4
7
6
5
5
11
9
7
7
16
13
10
10
156
157
ANNEX B
Conductor Application and Insulation
158
Table B1. Conductor Application and Insulations
Trade Name Type
Letter
Maximum
Operating
Temperatur
e
Application
Provisions
Insulation
Outer
Covering
a
Material Conductor
Area (mm
2
)
Thickness
(mm)
Fluorinated
ethylene
propylene
FEP
or
FEPB
90C
200C
Dry and damp locations
Dry locations special
applications
b
Flourinated
ethylene
Propylene
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
0.50
0.80
None
Flourinated
ethylene
Propylene
2.0 8.0 0.40 Glass braid
14 30 0.40 Other suitable
braid material
Mineral insulation
(metal
sheathed)
MI 90C
250C
Dry and wet locations
For special applications
b
Magnesium oxide
0.75 1.25
c
1.25 5.5
5.6 22
23 250
0.58
0.90
1.30
1.40
Copper or
alloy steel
Moisture-, heat-,
and
oil-resistant
thermoplastic
MTW 60C
90C
Machine tool wiring in wet
locations as permitted in
NFPA 79 see Article 6.70)
Machine tool wiring in dry
locations as permitted in
NFPA 79 (see Article 6.70)
Flame-retardant
moisture-, heat-,
and
oil-resistant
thermoplastic
0.65 3.5
5.5
8.0
14
22 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
(a)
0.80
0.80
1.20
1.60
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
(b)
0.40
0.50
0.80
0.80
1.00
1.30
1.60
1.80
(a) None
(b) Nylon jacket
or equivalent
Paper 85C For underground service
conductors, or by special
permission
Paper Lead sheath
Perfluoro-
alkoxy
PFA 90C
200C
applications
b
Perfluoro-alkoxy 2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
0.50
0.80
1.20
None
1
5
9
P
o
w
e
r
C
a
b
l
e
s
&
W
i
r
e
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Perfluoro-
alkoxy
PFAH 250C Dry locations only.
Only for leads
Within apparatus
or within raceways
connected to apparatus
(nickel or nickel-coated
copper only)
Perfluoroalkoxy 2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
0.50
0.80
1.20
None
Thermoset
Thermoset
RH
RHH
75C
90C
Flame-retardant
thermoset
2.0 3.5
d
5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
For 601 2000
Volts, see
Table
3.10.1.62
0.80
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
Moisture
resistant,
flame-retardant,
nonmetallic
covering
1
Moisture-
resistant
thermoset
RHW
e
75C Dry and wet locations
Where over 2 000 volts
Insulation, shall be
Ozone resistant
Flame-retardant,
moisture-resistant
thermoset
2.0 5.5d
d
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
For 601 2000
Volts, see
Table
3.10.1.62
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
Moisture
resistant,
flame-retardant,
nonmetallic
covering
5
a
Some insulations do not require an outer covering.
b
Where Design conditions require maximum conductor operating temperature above 90
o
C
c
For signaling circuits permitting 300-volts insulation.
d
For size 2.0 3.5 mm
2
, RHH insulation shall be 1.20 mm thickness.
e
Listed wire type designated with the suffix -2, such as RHW-2, shall be permitted to be used at continuous 90
o
C operating temperature, wet or dry.
f
Some rubber insulations do not require an outer covering.
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Table B1. (Continued)
Trade Name
Type
Letter
Maximum
Operating
Temperature
Application
Provisions
Insulation
Outer
Covering
a
Materials Conductor
Area (mm
2
)
Thickness
(mm)
Moisture-
resistant
thermoset
RHW-2 90C Dry and wet locations Flame-retardant,
moisture-resistant
thermoset
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
For 601 2 000
Volts, see
Table
3.10.1.62
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
Moisture-
resistant,
flame-retardant,
nonmetallic
covering
f
Silicon SA 90C
200C
For special application
b
Silicon rubber
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
Glass or other
suitable braid
material
Thermoset SIS 90C Switchboard
wiring only
Flame-retardant
thermoset
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
0.80
1.20
2.40
None
Thermoplastic
and fibrous
outer braid
TBS 90C Switchboard
Wiring only
Thermoplastic 2.0 5.5
8.0
14 30
38 100
0.80
1.20
1.60
2.00
Flame-retardant,
nonmetallic
covering
Extended
polytetrafluoro
-ethylene
TFE 250C Dry locations only. Only for
leads within apparatus or
within raceways connected
to apparatus,or as open
wiring (Nickel or nickel-
coated copper only)
Extruded
Polytetrafluoro-
ethylene
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
0.50
0.80
1.20
None
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Heat-resistant
thermoplastic
THHN 90C Dry and damp location Flame- retardant,
heat-resistant
thermoplastic
2.0 3.5
5.5
8.0 14
22 30
38 100
125 250
251 500
0.40
0.50
0.80
1.00
1.30
1.60
1.80
Nylon jacket
or equivalent
Moisture-and
heat-resistant
thermoplastic
THHW 75C
90C
Wet location
Dry location
Flame-retardant,
moisture- and heat-
resistant
thermoplastic
2.0 5.5
8.0
14 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
0.80
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
None
Moisture-and
heat-resistant
thermoplastic
THW
c
75C
90C
Special applications within
electric discharge lighting
equip. Limited to 1 000
open circuit volts or less
(size 2.0 8.0 mm
2
only as
permitted in Section
4.10.6.10)
Flame-retardant,
moisture- and heat-
resistant
thermoplastic
2.0 5.5
8.0
14 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
0.80
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
None
Moisture-and
heat-resistant
thermoplastic
THWN
e
75C Dry and wet locations Flame-retardant,
moisture- and heat-
resistant
thermoplastic
2.0 3.5
5.5
8.0 14
22 30
38 100
125 250
251 500
0.40
0.50
0.80
1.00
1.30
1.60
1.80
Nylon jacket
or equivalent
a
Some insulations do not require an outer covering
b
Where design conditions require maximum conductor operating temperature above 90C
e
Listed wire type designated with the suffix -2, such as RHW-2, shall be permitted to be used at a continuous 90C operating temperature, wet or dry.
f
Some rubber insulations do not require an outer covering.
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Table B1. (Continued)
Trade Name
Type
Letter
Maximum
Operating
Temperature
Application
Provisions
Insulation
Outer
Covering
a
Materials Conductor
Area (mm
2
)
Thickness
(mm)
Moisture-
resistant
thermoplastic
TW 60 C Dry and wet locations Flame-retardant,
Moisture-resistant
Thermoplastic
2.0 5.5
8.0
14 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
0.80
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
None
Underground
feeder and
branch-circuit
cable single
conductor
(For Type UF
cable employing
more than one
conductor, see
Article 3.39.)
UF 60C See Article 3.39 Moisture-resistant 2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
1.60
g
2.00
g
2.40
g
Integral with
insulation
75C Moisture- and
heat- resistant
Underground
service-entrance
Cable single
conductor
(For Type USE
cable employing
more than one
conductor, see
Article 3.38.)
USE
e
75C See Article 3.38. Heat- and moisture-
resistant
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
1.20
1.60
2.00
2.40
2.80
3.20
Moisture-
resistant
nonmetallic
covering
[(See
3.38.1.1(b)]
1
6
3
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Thermoset XHH 90C Dry and damp locations Flame-retardant
thermoset
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
0.80
1.20
1.40
1.70
2.00
2.40
None
Moisture-
resistant
thermoset
XHHW
e
90C Dry and damp locations
Wet locations
Flame-retardant
moisture-resistant
thermoset
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
0.80
1.20
1.40
1.70
2.00
2.40
None
Moisture-
resistant
thermoset
XHHW-2 90C Dry and damp locations Flame-retardant
moisture-resistant
thermoset
2.0 5.5
8.0 30
38 100
101 250
251 500
501 1 000
0.80
1.20
1.40
1.70
2.00
2.40
None
Modified
ethylene
tetrafluoro-
ethylene
Z 90C
150C
applications
b
Modified ethylene
tetrafluoro-
ethylene
2.0 3.5
5.5
8.0 22
30 38
50 100
0.40
0.50
0.64
0.89
1.20
None
Modified
ethylene
tetrafluoro-
ethylene
ZW
e
75C
90C
150C
Wet locations
applications
b
Modified ethylene
tetrafluoro-ethylene
2.0 5.5 8.0 30 None
a
Some insulations do not require an outer covering.
b
Where design conditions require maximum conductor operating temperatures above 90C.
e
Listed wire types designated with the suffix 2, such as RHW-2, shall be permitted to be used at a continuous 90C operating temperature, wet or dry.
g
Includes integral jacket.
i
Insulation thickness shall be permitted to be 2.80 mm for listed Type USE conductors that have been subjected to special investigations. The nonmetallic covering over individual rubber-covered conductors of
aluminum-sheathed cable and of lead-sheathed or multiconductor cable shall not be required to be flame retardant. For Type MC cable, see 3.30.3.1. For nonmetallic-sheathed cable, see Part 3.34.3. For Type
UF cable, see Part 3.40.3.
1
6
4
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165
ANNEX C
Philippine National Standard for Electrical Products
1. PNS 35-1:2004 - Electric wires and cables Thermoplastic
insulated electric copper wires and cables
rated 600 volts Part 1: General
specifications
2. PNS 35-2:2006 - Electric wires and cables Thermoplastic
insulated electric copper wires and cables
rated 600 volts Part 1: Non-metallic flat
jacketed electric wires Specifications
3. PNS 40:1984 - Electric wires and cables Copper
redraw rod for electrical purposes
Specification
4. PNS 43:1984 - Electric wires and cables EC
Amendments 01: aluminum redraw rod for electrical
1985 purposes Specification
5. PNS 106:1987 - Enameled copper wires Test method
6. PNS 107:1987 - Polyurethane enameled copper wires,
class 105 Specifications
7. PNS 108:1987 - Polyester enameled copper wires, class
105 Specification
8. PNS 109:1987 - Polyvinyl formal enameled copper wires,
class 105 Specification
9. PNS 110:1987 - Polyester amide-imide enameled copper
wires, class 180 - Specification
10. PNS 111:1987 - Oleo-resinous enameled copper wires
Specification
11. CDPNS 163:XXXX - Electrical products Polyvinyl chloride
insulated flexible cords and fixture wires
Specification
12. PNS 260:2004 - Electric wires and cables Annealed
copper wires Specification
13. CDPNS 261:XXXX - Electric wires and cables PVC
insulated low voltages cable for road
vehicles Specification
166
14. CDPNS 661:XXXX - Organic chemicals Plasticized
Polyvinyl chloride compounds for
electrical insulation Specification
15. PNS 662:1992 - Electrical wires and cables Ampacities
of insulated electric 8u77 conductors,
0-35,000 volts
16. PNS 1086:1992 - Electrical wires and cables Hard-
drawn solid copper wires for electrical
purposes Specification
17. PNS 1087:1992 - Electrical wires and cables Hard-drawn
copper stranded Specification
18. PNS 1088:2006 - Electric wires and cables Copper and
aluminum conductors for electrical
purposes Test methods
19. PNS 1129:1993 - Hard-drawn aluminum wires for electric
purposes Specifications
20. PNS 1130:1993 - Hard-drawn aluminum stranded
conductors Specification
21. PNS 1207:2006 - Electric wires and cables Soft-drawn
(annealed) copper stranded conductors
for electrical purposes Specification
22. PNS 1289:1995 - Electric wires and cables PVC
insulated battery cables Specification
23. PNS 1487-1-1:1997 - Common test methods for insulating and
sheathing materials of electric cables
Part 1: Methods for general application
Section 1: Measurement of thickness and
overall dimensions Test for
determining mechanical properties
Section 2: Thermal ageing methods
Section 3: Methods of determining the
density Water absorption tests
Shrinkage
167
Section 4: Test at low temperature
Amendments 01 & sheathing materials of electric cables
02:1997 Part 2: Methods specific to elastomeric
compounds Section 1: Ozone resistance
testhot set testMineral oil immersion
test
Part 3: Methods specific to PVC
compounds Section 1: Pressure test at
high temperature Test for resistance to
cracking
Part 3: Methods specific to PVC
compounds Section 2: loss of mass test
Thermal stability test
Part 4: Methods specific to polyethylene
and polypropelene compounds Section
1: Resistance to environmental stress
cracking Wrapping test after thermal
ageing in air Measurement of the melt
flow index carbon black and/or mineral
content measurement in PE
Part 4: Methods specific to polyethylene
and polypropelene compounds Section
2: Elongation at break after pre-
conditioning Wrapping test after
thermal ageing in air Measurement of
mass increase Long term stability test
(Appendix A) Test method for copper-
168
catalysed oxidative degradation
(Appendix B)
32. PNS 2048:2006 - Electric wires and cables
Thermoplastic-insulated underground
feeder - Specification
33. PNS ASTM B230: - Standard Specification for Aluminum
2005 1350-H19 Wire for Electrical Purposes
(ASTM published 2004)
34. PNS ASTM B231: - Standard Specification Concentric-Lay-
2005 Stranded Aluminum 1350 Conductors
2005 1350 Drawing Stock for Electrical
Purposes (ASTM published 2003)
36. PNS ASTM B400: - Standard Specification for Compact
2005 Round Concentric-Lay-Stranded
Aluminum 1350 Conductors
2005 1350 Round Wire, Annealed and
Intermediate Tempers, for Electrical
Purposes (ASTM published 2004)
38. PNS ASTM B786: - Standard Specification for 19 Wire
2005 Combination Unilay-Stranded
Aluminum Conductors for Subsequent
Insulation (ASTM published 2004)
39. PNS ASTM B800: - Standard Specification for 8000 Series
2005 Aluminum Alloy Wire for Electrical
Purposes-Annealed and Intermediate
Tempers (ASTM published 2000)
40. PNS ASTM B801: - Standard Specification Concentric-Lay-
2005 Stranded Conductors of 8000 Series
Aluminum Alloy for Subsequent
Covering or Insulation (ASTM
published 1999)
41. PNS ASTM B172: - Standard Specification for Rope-Lay-
2005 Stranded Copper Conductors Having
Bunch-Stranded Members, for Electrical
Conductors (ASTM published 2001)
169
42. PNS ASTM B173: - Standard Specification for Rope-Lay-
2005 Stranded Copper Conductors Having
Concentric-Stranded members, for
Electrical Conductors (ASTM published
2001)
43. PNS ASTM B174: - Standard Specification for Bunch-
2005 Stranded Copper Conductors for
Electrical Conductors
44. PNS ASTM D1047:- Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl
2005 Chloride Jacket for Wire and Cable
45. PNS ASTM D1351:- Standard Specification for
2005 Thermoplastic Polyethylene Insulation
for Electrical Wire and Cable
2005 Chloride) Insulation for Wire and Cable,
60
O
C Operation
2005 Chloride Insulation for Wire and Cable,
75
O
C Operation
48. PNS ASTM D2308:- Standard Specification for
2005 Thermoplastic Polyethylene Jacket for
Electrical Wire and Cable
49. PNS ASTM D3554:- Standard Specification for Track-
2005 Resistant Black Thermoplastic High-
Density Polyethylene Insulation for
Wire and Cable, 75
O
C Operation
170
171
Annex D
173
Bibliography
1) Electric Cables Handbook 3
rd
Edition by Moore (Blackwell,
1997)
2) Cable handbook by Phelps Dodge Philippines
3) National Electrical Code
4) Philippine Electrical Code
5) Wikipedia
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