Resumen de correlaciones para transferencia de calor por conveccion

12 de enero de 2014

Indice
1. N
umeros adimensionales importantes

2. Convecci
on forzada, flujo externo
2.1. Flujo externo sobre objetos aislados . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2. Flujo externo en bancos de tubos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
2
3

3. Convecci
on forzada, flujo interno
3.1. Flujo interno desarrollado en conductos circulares lisos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2. Flujo interno desarrollado en conductos no circulares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5
5
5

4. Convecci
on natural
4.1. Correlaciones generales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2. Correlaciones simplificadas para aire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6
6
7

5. Historial de cambios

Ap
endice: Propiedades de fluidos
8
Tabla extendida de propiedades del aire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
c17.qxd 6/10/02 20:13 Page 410
Tabla extendida de propiedades del agua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Tablas de propiedades del libro ItoTSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.
410

N
umeros adimensionales importantes
Chapter
17. Heat
Transfer
Convection
Tabla
17.1
ItoTSE.
N
ubymeros
adimensionales importantes en transferencia de calor por conveccion

Table 17.1 Important Dimensionless Groups in Convection Heat Transfer

Groupa
Nusselt number, NuL
Reynolds number, ReL
Prandtl number, Pr
Grashof number, GrL
Rayleigh number, RaL

Definitiona
hL
k
VL

cp



k

g1Ts  T 2L3


g1Ts  T 2L3


Interpretation/Application
(17.9)

Dimensionless temperature gradient at the surface. Measure

of the convection heat transfer coefficient.

(17.12)

Ratio of the inertia and viscous forces. Characterizes forced

convection flows.

(17.13)

Ratio of the momentum and thermal diffusivities. Property of

the fluid.

(17.16)

Ratio of buoyancy to viscous forces. Characterizes free convection flows.

(17.19)

Product of Grashof and Prandtl numbers, Gr Pr. Characterizes free convection flows.

The subscript L represents the characteristic length on the surface of interest.

where the subscript x has been added to emphasize our interest in conditions at a particular
location on the surface identified by the dimensionless distance x*. The overbar indicates an
average over the surface from x*  0 to the location of interest.
The Reynolds number, ReL, is the ratio of the inertia to viscous forces, and is used to
characterize boundary layer flows (Sec. 13.5)
ReL 

Reynolds number

VL


(17.12)

where V represents the reference velocity of the fluid, L is the characteristic length of the
surface, and  is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid.
The Prandtl number, Pr, is a transport property of the fluid and provides a measure of
the relative effectiveness of momentum and energy transport in the hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layers, respectively

1
Prandtl number

Pr 

cp
k

(17.13)

c17.qxd 6/10/02 20:13 Page 423

2.

Convecci
on forzada, flujo externo

2.1.

Flujo externo sobre objetos aislados

17.3
Internal
Flow forzado.
423
Tabla 17.3 ItoTSE.Resumen de correlaciones de transferencia de calor por convecci
on en
flujo
externo

Table 17.3 Summary of Convection Heat Transfer Correlations for External Flow
Flow
Flat plate
Laminar

Coefficient

Correlationa

Range of Applicability

2
  5x Re1
x

(17.21)

Nux  0.332 Rex12 Pr13

(17.23)

t   Pr13

(17.24)

Average

NuL  0.664 ReL12 Pr13

(17.26)

0.6  Pr  50

Local

5
  0.37x Re1
x

(17.27)

Rex  108

Local

Nux  0.0296 Rex45 Pr13

(17.28)

Rex  108, 0.6  Pr  60

Average

NuL  0.037 ReL45 Pr13

(17.32)

Rex,c  0, 0.6  Pr  60

Mixed

Average

NuL  (0.037 ReL45  871)Pr13

(17.31)

Rex,c  5  105, 105  ReL  108

0.6  Pr  60

Cylindersb

Average

NuD  C RemD Pr13 (Table 7.2)

(17.34)

Pr  0.70

Local

Turbulent

NuD  0.3  50.62 ReD12 Pr13

 3 1  10.4Pr2 23 4 14 6
 3 1  1ReD282,0002 58 4 45

Average

Sphere

(17.35)

NuD  2  10.4 ReD12

 0.06 ReD23 2Pr0.4 1s 2 14

Average

(17.36)

0.6  Pr  50

ReD Pr  0.2
3.5 ReD 7.6  104
0.71 Pr 380

c17.qxd 6/10/02 20:13 Page 419

a
Thermophysical properties are evaluated at the film temperature, Tf  (T  Ts)2, for all the correlations except Eq. 17.36. For that correlation,
properties are evaluated at the free stream temperature T or at the surface temperature Ts if designated with the subscript s.
b
For the cylinder with noncircular cross section, use Eq. 17.34 with the constants listed in Table 17.2.

17.2.4 Guide for Selection of External Flow Correlations

In this section you have been introduced to empirical correlations to estimate the convection co- 17.2 External Flow 419
Tabla 17.2 ItoTSE.Constantes utilizadas en la correlaci
on de Hilpert para flujo externo cruzado.
efficients for forced convection flow over flat plates, cylinders, and spheres. For your convenience
in selecting appropriate correlations for your problems, the recommended correlations have been
Table
17.2 inConstants
for While
the Hilpert
Correlation,
Eq.are
17.34,
for Circular
(Pr of0.7)
Noncircular (Gases only) Cylinders in
summarized
Table 17.3.
specific
conditions
associated
with each
the and
correlations,
Cross
Flow
you are
reminded to follow the rules for performing convection calculations outlined in Sec. 17.1.3.
Geometry

ReD

0.989

0.330

17.3 Internal Flow

Circular

uIn

Geometry

ReD

0.246

0.588

0.102

0.675

0.160
0.0385

0.638
0.782

0.153

0.638

0.228

0.731

Square

0.4 4

5  103105

D section you saw that an external flow, such as for the flat plate, is one for
the previous
which boundary layer development on a surface continues
without external constraints.
In
u
D
5  103105
4 40
0.911 0.385
contrast, for internal flow in a pipe or tube, the fluid is constrained by a surface, and hence
eventually the boundary layer development will be constrained.
Hexagon In Chap. 14 you learned that
when flow enters a tube, a hydrodynamic boundary layer forms in the entrance
region,
5  1031.95  104
40 eventually
4000
0.683
0.466Beyond uthis
D

growing in thickness to
fill
the tube.
location, referred
to as
fully
5
1.95
 the
10410
developed region, the velocity profile no longer changes in the flow direction.
We begin by considering thermal boundary layer formation in the entrance and3 fully
u
D
5  resulting
10 105
40,000
0.193 0.618
developed regions, 4000
and how
the convection
coefficient is determined
from the
temperature profile. We will introduce empirical correlations to estimate convection
Vertical plate region, deferring considcoefficients for laminar and turbulent flows in the fully developed
eration of correlations for the entrance region to a moreuadvanced course in heat transfer.
3
4

40,000 400,000

0.027

0.805

4  10 1.5  10

with the Nusselt number as a function of the Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. The Hilpert
correlation is one of the most widely used and has the form
NuD 

hD
 C RemD Pr13
k

3Pr  0.7 4

(17.34)

where the cylinder diameter D is the characteristic length for the Nusselt number. The constants C and m, which are dependent upon the Reynolds number range, are listed in Table 17.2.
All properties are evaluated at the film temperature, Tf, Eq. 17.20.
The Hilpert correlation, Eq. 17.34, may also be used for gas flow over cylinders of noncircular
cross section, with the characteristic length D and the constants
2 obtained from Table 17.2.
The Churchill-Bernstein correlation is a single comprehensive equation that covers a wide
range of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. The equation is recommended for all ReD Pr  0.2

2.2.

390
HEAT 390
TRANSFER
Flujo externo en bancos de tubos
HEAT TRANSFER

The maximum veloci

SL

, T1

The
maximum
is
quirement
for velocity
steady inc
quirement for steady incomp
mum velocity occurs at
mum velocity occurs at the
conservation of mass can
conservation of mass can be e
or S
T  max(ST  D).
or S
T  max(ST  D). The

SL

, T1

ST
ST

A
A1

AATT

In staggered
arrangem
In staggered
arrangement,
ureure
726b
passes
through
726b
passes
throua
(a)
(a)In-line
In-line
around
the the
pipepipe
in the
ro
around
innext
the ne
cur at AT between the tubes,
Figura 7-26a Cengel, configuracion en lnea (in-line or aligned) cur at AT between the tu
used
for for
staggered
tubetube
banksb
used
staggered
SL
SL
, T1
maximum
velocity
will will
occuro
SD

, T1
maximum
velocity
SD
velocity in this case becomes
1st row
row
1st

2ndrow
row
2nd

3rd3rd
rowrow

velocity in this case beco

ST

Staggered and SD  (ST  D)/2:

ST

Staggered and SD  (ST 

since  A1  max(2AD) o

since
 A
 
max(2A
The
nature
of1 flow
around
A1
AT AD
Thediscussed
nature ofinflow
aro
gle tube
section
AD
gle tube
discussed
in sec
to each
other.
Therefore,
eac
transverse
can Therefore
be treated
to eachrow
other.
A1 = ST L
around
a tube row
in thecan
second
(b) Staggered
AT = (ST D)L
transverse
be trea
=S L
A
A1D = (STD D)L
because
of awakes
formed
an
around
tube in
the sec
(b) Staggered
AT = (ST D)L
Thebecause
level of of
turbulence,
and
AD = (SD D)L
wakes forme
FIGURE
726
rowThe
number
of the co
levelbecause
of turbulence,
of the otubes
in in-line
Figura Arrangement
7-26b Cengel, configuraci
n al tresbolillo
(staggered) significant change in turbule
FIGURE 726
row number because of t
and staggered tube banks (A1, AT, and
heat
transfer coefficient rema
Arrangement
of the
tubes in in-line
significant
change
in tu
AD are
areas
at indicated
Velocidad m
axima, se calcula a partir
de laflow
velocidad
de aproximaci
on del fluido V. En el caso
de
la configuraci
en
Flow
throughontube
banks i
and
staggered
tube
banks
(A
,
A
,
and
1 the
T
lnea,ecuaci
on Cengel 7-40:
locations, and L is the length of
heat
transfer
coefficient
to be
treated
analytically.
We
Atubes).
are
flow
areas
at
indicated
D
ST
Flow
through
tube
ban
Vmax =
V
fer coefficient for the entire
t
ST the
D length of the
locations, and
L is
to
be
treated
analytically
along
the flow as well a
En el caso de la configuraci
on al tresbolillo, se tienen dos situaciones. Si SD > (ST + D) /2,rows
el m
aximo
estrechamiento
tubes).
tiene lugar en el a
rea transversal y se utiliza la misma expresi
on que en la configuraci
on en lnea.
Por
el
contrario,si
fer coefficient
for the
en
Several
correlations,
all bas
SD 6 (ST + D) /2 entonces el m
aximo estrechamiento tiene lugar en el
area diagonal y se utilizara la ecuaci
on Cengel
along
the flow
as w
therows
average
Nusselt
number
7-41:
ST
Vmax =
V
Zukauskas
hascorrelations,
proposed corr
Several
a
2 (SD D)
AD

A1

AT

AD

the average Nusselt num

Nu D 
Zukauskas has proposed

C
alculo de Nusselt: correlaci
on de Zukauskas, ecuaci
on Cengel 7-42. Ver tabla Cengel 7-2 para los diferentes casos:

hD
n
0,25
= C Rem
D Pr (Pr /Prs )
k
D
donde ReD = Vmax
y todas las propiedades se deben evaluar a la temperatura media aritmetica del fluido entre la

entrada y salida del banco de tubos, excepto Prs que se eval

ua a la temperatura de pared del tubo.
N uD =

where the values of the consta

N
ber. Such correlations are give
0  ReD  2 106. The unce
where the values of the c
from these relations is 15 p
Such at
correlations
are
be ber.
evaluated
the arithmetic
6

0  ReD  2 10 . The
from these relations is 
be evaluated at the arithm

NuD  1.04 Re D0.4Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25

0500

NuD  0.71 Re D0.5Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25

5001000

Staggered

10002 105 NuD  0.35(ST /SL)0.2 Re D0.6Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25

Tabla 7-2 Cengel. Correlaci
on de Zukauskas
para el n
umero de Nusselt en flujo cruzado sobre banco de tubos.
2 1052 106 NuD  0.031(ST /SL)0.2 Re D0.8Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25
*All
properties72
except Prs are to be evaluated at the arithmetic mean of the inlet and outlet temperatures
TABLE
of the fluid (Prs is to be evaluated at Ts ).

Nusselt number correlations for cross flow over tube banks for N  16 and
0.7  Pr  500 (from Zukauskas, Ref. 15, 1987)*

Arrangement
Rangenumber
of ReD relations in Table Correlation
The average Nusselt
72 are for tube banks with
0.25
0100
Nu

0.9
Pr 0.36
(Pr/Prwith
16 or more rows. Those relations can also be
forD0.4tube
banks
NL proD used Re
s)

vided that they are modified

1001000as
In-line

NuD  0.52 Re D0.5Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25

10002 105Nu
NuD  0.27 Re D0.63Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25 (7-44)
D, NL  F NuD
2 1052 106
NuD  0.033 Re D0.8Pr 0.4(Pr/Prs )0.25

where F is a correction
factor F whose
in(Pr/Pr
Table)0.25
73. For
0.4
0.36
0500
NuDvalues
 1.04are
Regiven
s
D Pr
number.
ReD  1000, the correction factor is independent of Reynolds
5001000
NuD  0.71 Re D0.5Pr 0.36(Pr/Prs )0.25
Once
the
Nusselt
number
and
thus
the
average
heat
transfer
coefficient for
Staggered
5
0.2
0.6
0.36
10002

10
Nu

0.35(S
/S
)
Re
Pr
(Pr/Prs )0.25
D transferT rate
L can be
D determined
the entire tube bank is known, the heat
from
0.2
0.8
0.36
0.25
Newtons law of2 cooling
temperature
difference
T.
The
1052using
10a6 suitable
NuD  0.031(S
/S
)
Re
Pr
(Pr/Pr
)
T
L
s first
D
Te)/2. But
thought
that comes to mind is to use T  T  T  T  (Ti temperatures
*All properties except Prs are to be evaluated at the arithmetic smean ofmthe inlets and outlet
to be evaluated
Ts ).
of thewill,
fluid (Pr
this
ins isgeneral,
overat predict
the heat transfer rate. We will show in the
next chapter that the proper temperature difference for internal flow (flow
over tube banks is still internal flow through the shell) is the 1ogarithmic
Correci
on para
n
utemperature
mero de filas difference
menor de 16:
si
el banco deastubos tuviese un n
filas menor de 16 hay que
mean
Trelations
ln defined
The
average Nusselt
number
in Table 72 are forumero
tubedebanks
with
corregir el n
umero de Nusselt con la ecuaci
on Cengel 7-44:
16 or more rows. Those relations
also
be usedT
for 
tube
with NL pro (T
(Ts  Te)can
Tbanks
s  Ti)
e
i
N
u
D,NL = F N uD

(7-45)
vided that they areT
modified
as
ln
ln[(Ts  Te)/(Ts  Ti)]

ln(Te /Ti )

donde el factor de correcci

on F se obtiene de la tabla Cengel 7-3, que es v
alida si ReD > 1000. A partir de este valor de
 FdeNu
(7-44)
NuD,uNmero
D
L
ReD el factor de correcci
on resulta independiente del n
Reynolds.

We will also show that the exit temperature of the fluid Te can be determined
from
where F is a correction factor F whose values are given in Table 73. For
Tabla Re
7-3 Cengel.
Factor de correcci
on en caso de que el banco de tubos tenga menos de 16 filas.
D  1000, the correction factor is independent of Reynolds number.
Once the Nusselt number and thus the average heat transfer coefficient for
TABLE
the
entire73
tube bank is known, the heat transfer rate can be determined from
Newtons
law
of cooling
usingina Nu
suitable
temperature difference T. The first
Correction factor
F to be used
D, N , = FNuD for NL  16 and ReD  1000
thought
that
comes
to
mind
is
to
use
T
 Ts  Tm  Ts  (Ti  Te)/2. But
(from Zukauskas, Ref 15, 1987).
this will, in general, over predict the heat transfer rate. We will show in the
NL
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
13
next
chapter that the proper temperature difference for internal flow (flow
In-line
0.70
0.80
0.86
0.96
0.99
over
tube banks
is still
internal
flow 0.90
through0.93
the shell)
is the0.98
1ogarithmic
mean
temperature
Staggered
0.64 difference
0.76 T
0.84
0.89as 0.93
0.96
0.98
0.99
ln defined
L

Tln 

(Ts  Te)  (Ts  Ti)

Te  Ti

ln[(Ts  Te)/(Ts  Ti)] ln(Te /Ti )

(7-45)

We will also show that the exit temperature of the fluid Te can be determined
from

TABLE 73
Correction factor F to be used in NuD, NL, = FNuD for NL  16 and ReD  1000
(from Zukauskas, Ref 15, 1987).
NL

10

13

In-line

0.70

0.80

0.86

0.90

0.93

0.96

0.98

0.99

Staggered

0.64

0.76

0.84

0.89

0.93

0.96

0.98

0.99

391
CHAPTER

c17.qxd 6/10/02 20:13 Page 438

3.

Convecci
on forzada, flujo interno

3.1.
438

Flujo interno desarrollado en conductos circulares lisos

Chapter 17. Heat Transfer by Convection

Tabla 17.5 ItoTSE. Correlaciones de transferencia de calor en flujo interno forzado en conductos circulares lisos.

Table 17.5 Summary of Forced Convection Heat Transfer Correlations for Internal Flow in Smooth Circular Tubesc
c17.qxd 6/10/02 20:13 Page 433

Flow/Surface Thermal Conditions

Correlationa,b

Restrictions on Applicability

Laminar, fully developed, (xfdD)  0.05 ReDPr

NuD  4.36
NuD  3.66

Constant qs
Constant Ts

(17.61)
(17.62)

Pr  0.6, ReD  2300

Pr  0.6, Re
2300Flow
D 
17.3
Internal

433

Turbulent, fully developed, (xfdD)  10

Surface Thermal Condition: External Fluid (CD-ROM)

n
Constant qs or Ts (Dittus-Boelter)
(17.64)
NuD  0.023
Re4D 5 Pr
17.3.3 Convection Correlations
for Tubes:
Fully Developed
Region 0.6  Pr  160, ReD  10,000,
n  0.4 for Ts  Tm and n  0.3
To use many of the foregoing results for internal flow, the convection coefficients must be
for
Ts Tm
known. In this section we present correlations for estimating
the coefficients for fully
 0.14
developed laminar and turbulent flows in circular
45 and
13noncircular tubes. The correlations
Constant qs or Ts (Sieder-Tate)
(17.65)
0.7  Pr  16,700, ReD  10,000
Nu  0.027 ReD Pr a b
for internal flow are summarizedDin Table 17.5 (page
438) along
s with guidelines to facilitate

their selection for your application.

Thermophysical properties in Eqs. 17.61, 17.62, and 17.64 are based upon the mean temperature, Tm. If the correlations are used to estimate the
Laminar Flow
average Nusselt number over the entire tube length, the properties should be based upon the average of the mean temperatures, Tm  (Tm,i  Tm,o)2.
The problem of laminar flow (ReD 2300) in tubes has been treated theoretically, and the
b
Thermophysical properties inresults
Eq. 17.65
Tmconvection
or Tm, except
for s, which
is evaluated
at thetube
tube wall temperature Ts or Ts.
can should
be usedbetoevaluated
determineatthe
coefficients.
For flow
in a circular
c
For tubes of noncircular crosscharacterized
section, usebythe
hydraulic
diameter,
17.63,fully
as the
characteristic
length
for the Reynolds and Nusselt
uniform
surface
heat fluxDand
laminar,
developed
conditions,
the Nusselt
h, Eq.
number laminar
is a constant,
and axial
location flow, Eq. 17.64 may be used as a first approximation.
numbers. Results for fully developed
flow independent
are providedofinRe
Table
For turbulent
D, Pr,17.4.
a

NuD 

hD
 4.36
k

3qs  constant4

(17.61)

Free Convection

When the thermal surface condition is characterized by a constant surface temperature, the

3.2.

results
are of similar form, but
withconductos
a smaller value for no
the Nusselt
number
Flujo interno
desarrollado
en
circulares
NuD 

hD
 3.66
k

3Ts  constant4

(17.62)

Free
Convection
Tabla 17.4 ItoTSE. N
umero 17.4
de Nusselt
para
flujo laminar completamente desarrollado en el interior de conductos no
In using these equations to determine h, the thermal conductivity should be evaluated at Tm.
circulares.
In the preceding sections of this chapter, we considered convection heat transfer in fluid flows
that originate from an external forcing condition. Now we consider situations for which there
a
is noTs forced
motion,
butConditions
heat transfer
occurs because of convection currents that are induced
Constant
and qs
Surface
Thermal
by buoyancy forces, which arise from density differences
hDh caused by temperature variations
NuD 
in the fluid. Heat transfer by this means is referred
to kas free (or natural) convection.
Since free convection
b flow velocities are generally much smaller than those associated with
Cross Section
Constant qs

Constant Ts
forced convection, thea corresponding heat transfer rates are also smaller. However, in many
thermal systems, freeconvection may provide
the largest resistance
4.36
3.66 to heat transfer and therefore plays an important role in the design or performance of the system. Free convection is ofa
1.0of convection heat3.61
ten
the preferred mode
transfer, especially in 2.98
electronic systems, for reasons
b
of
space
limitations,
maintenance-free
operation,
and
reduced
operating
costs. Free convection
a
1.43
3.73
3.08
b
strongly
influences heat transfer from pipes, transmission lines, transformers, baseboard heaters,
aas well as appliances 2.0
such as your stereo,4.12
television and laptop 3.39
computer. It is also relevant to
b
the
environmental
sciences,
where
it
is
responsible
for
oceanic
and
atmospheric motions.
a
3.0
4.79
3.96
b
We
begin by considering the physical origins and nature of buoyancy-driven flows, and
a introduce empirical correlations
4.0
5.33 convection coefficients
4.44
to estimate
for common geometries.
Table 17.4 Nusselt Numbers for Fully Developed Laminar Flow in Noncircular Tubes for

8.0

6.49

b
17.4.1
Flow andThermal Considerations
8.23

5.60
7.54

Heated
To illustrate
the nature of the boundary layer
development in free
convection flows, consider
5.39
4.86
theInsulated
heated vertical plate (Fig. 17.20a) that is immersed in a cooler extensive, quiescent fluid.
2.47 fluid is one that is otherAn extensive mediumis, in principle, an3.11infinite one; a quiescent
wise
at
rest,
except
in
the
vicinity
of
the
surface.
The characteristic length is the hydraulic diameter, D , Eq. 17.63.
Since the plate is hotter than the fluid, Ts  T, the fluid close to the plate is less dense
than fluid in the quiescent region. The fluid density gradient and the gravitational field crec boundary layer flow in which the
atelathe
buoyancy
that
the free
Para flujo turbulento usar
ecuaci
on 17.64force
con el
di
ainduces
metro hidra
ulico:convection
Dh 4A
, ecuaci
on ItoTSE 17.63, donde Ac
P
heated
rises.
Themojado.
boundary layer grows as more fluid from the quiescent region is
es el a
rea transversal de paso
y P esfluid
el per
metro
a

c17.qxd 6/10/02 20:14 Page 446

4.
4.1.

Convecci
on natural
Correlaciones generales

446 Chapter 17. Heat Transfer by Convection

Tabla
17.6 ItoTSE. Correlaciones de transferencia de calor por conveccion natural en geometras sumergidas.

Table 17.6 Summary of Free Convection Correlations for Immersed Geometries

Geometry

Recommended Correlation

Restrictions

Vertical platesa

0.387 RaL16

NuL  e 0.825 

Horizontal platesb
Case A or B:
Hot surface down or cold surface up

(17.74)

RaL

1013

NuL  0.27 RaL14

(17.78)

105

RaL

1010

NuL  0.54 RaL14

(17.79)

104

RaL

107

(17.80)

10

RaL

1011

(17.84)

RaD

1012

(17.85)

RaD 1011
Pr  0.7

3 1  10.492Pr2

916 827

Case C or D:
Hot surface up or cold surface down

NuL 

0.15 RaL13

Horizontal cylinder

NuD  e 0.60 

0.387 RaD16

31  10.559Pr 2

916 827

Sphere

NuD  2 

0.589 RaD14

3 1  10.469 Pr2

916 49

The correlation may be applied to a vertical cylinder if (DL)  (35Gr1L4).

The characteristic length is defined as L  AsP, Eq. 17.77.

a
b

17.4.5 Guide for Selection of Free Convection Correlations

In this
section
you have
been
introduced to
empirical correlations
to estimate
the convection
Correlaci
on de Morgan
para
cilindros
largos
horizontales
(alternativa
mas sencilla
a la correlaci
on 17.84)
coefficients for free convection heat transfer for vertical and horizontal plates, the horizontal cylinder, and the sphere. For your convenience in selecting appropriate correlations for
Ecuaci
on
Rango
Ecuacion ItoTSE
your problems, the recommended correlations have been summarized in Table 17.6. Specific
0,188
2 each of the correlations,
conditions
are associated
with
and you are reminded to follow the
RaL 104
(17.81)
N
uD = 0,850Ra
10
D
rules for peforming
convection
calculations
outlined
in
Sec.
17.1.3.
N uD = 0,480Ra0,250
104 RaL 107
(17.82)
D
0,333
12
NConvection
uD = 0,125RaApplication:
107 RaHeat
(17.83)
L 10Exchangers
D

Temperatura de referencia:
convecci
on natural, las propiedades del fluido se eval
uan a temperatura de pelcula
Exchangers
17.5En Heat
excepto el coeficiente de expansi
on volumetrica que se debe evaluar a la temperatura de fluido sin perturbar.

The process of heat exchange between two fluids that are at different temperatures and
byhorizontales:
a solid wall occurs
in omany
engineering
applications.
device
Longitud caracterstica separated
en placas
es la raz
n entre
la superficie
de la placaThe
(una
sola used
cara) to
y el
this exchange is termed a heat exchanger, and specific applications can be found
permetro, ecuaci
on ItoTSEimplement
17.77:
L

As
P

4.2.

Correlaciones simplificadas para aire

Tabla de correlaciones para calcular el coeficiente de pelcula en conveccion natural no confinada (flujo externo)
**s
olo v
alidas para aire a temperatura ambiente**
Configuraci
on geometrica

Ecuacion

Regimen de flujo
1/4

Placa plana (o cilindro) vertical

hcv = 1,42 (T /L)

hcv = 1,31 (T )

1/3

Turbulento 109 < RaL < 1013

1/4

Placa plana horizontal, convecci

on favorecida
Placa plana horizontal, convecci
on impedida
Cilindro horizontal

5.

hcv = 1,32 (T /L)

hcv = 1,52 (T )

1/3

Laminar 104 < RaL < 109

Turbulento 109 < RaL < 1013

1/4

Laminar 104 < RaL < 109

1/4

Laminar 104 < RaD < 109

hcv = 0,59 (T /L)

hcv = 1,32 (T /D)

hcv = 1,24 (T )

Laminar 104 < RaL < 109

1/3

Turbulento 109 < RaD < 1013

Historial de cambios
8-dic-2012
10-ene-2013

12-ene-2014

primera versi
on
# a
nadida la correlaci
on de Morgan de convecci
on natural
# aclaraci
on sobre la temperatura de referencia en convecci
on natural
# a
nadida la tabla extendida de propiedades del agua
# bancos de tubos, correcci
on de errata en formula Vmax para trebolillo, Cengel 7-41
# varias aclaraciones y mejoras en la secci
on de bancos de tubos
# mejorada la secci
on de flujo interno

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
-150
-145
-140
-135
-130
-125
-120
-115
-110
-105
-100
-95
-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
-65
-60
-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195

kg
m3

2.87
2.75
2.65
2.56
2.47
2.38
2.30
2.23
2.16
2.10
2.04
1.98
1.93
1.88
1.83
1.78
1.74
1.70
1.66
1.62
1.58
1.55
1.51
1.48
1.45
1.42
1.39
1.37
1.34
1.32
1.29
1.27
1.25
1.23
1.20
1.18
1.16
1.15
1.13
1.11
1.09
1.08
1.06
1.04
1.03
1.01
1.00
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.93
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.88
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.002
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.004
1.004
1.004
1.004
1.004
1.005
1.005
1.005
1.005
1.006
1.006
1.006
1.007
1.007
1.007
1.008
1.008
1.009
1.009
1.010
1.010
1.011
1.011
1.012
1.012
1.013
1.014
1.014
1.015
1.016
1.016
1.017
1.018
1.019
1.019
1.020
1.021
1.022
1.023
1.023

106

Ns
m2

8.64
8.99
9.33
9.67
10.00
10.33
10.65
10.97
11.28
11.59
11.90
12.20
12.49
12.79
13.07
13.36
13.64
13.92
14.20
14.47
14.74
15.01
15.27
15.53
15.79
16.05
16.30
16.55
16.80
17.05
17.29
17.54
17.78
18.02
18.25
18.49
18.72
18.95
19.18
19.41
19.63
19.86
20.08
20.30
20.52
20.74
20.96
21.17
21.39
21.60
21.81
22.02
22.23
22.43
22.64
22.84
23.05
23.25
23.45
23.65
23.85
24.04
24.24
24.44
24.63
24.82
25.01
25.20
25.39
25.58

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

3.01
3.26
3.52
3.79
4.06
4.34
4.62
4.92
5.22
5.52
5.84
6.16
6.48
6.82
7.16
7.50
7.85
8.21
8.57
8.94
9.32
9.70
10.09
10.48
10.88
11.28
11.69
12.11
12.53
12.95
13.38
13.82
14.26
14.71
15.16
15.62
16.08
16.55
17.02
17.50
17.98
18.47
18.96
19.45
19.95
20.46
20.97
21.49
22.01
22.53
23.06
23.59
24.13
24.67
25.22
25.77
26.33
26.89
27.45
28.02
28.59
29.17
29.75
30.34
30.93
31.52
32.12
32.72
33.33
33.94

k 103

W
mK

11.71
12.13
12.54
12.95
13.37
13.78
14.19
14.60
15.01
15.41
15.82
16.22
16.62
17.02
17.42
17.82
18.22
18.61
19.01
19.40
19.79
20.18
20.57
20.96
21.34
21.73
22.11
22.50
22.88
23.26
23.64
24.01
24.39
24.76
25.14
25.51
25.88
26.25
26.62
26.99
27.35
27.72
28.08
28.45
28.81
29.17
29.53
29.88
30.24
30.60
30.95
31.30
31.65
32.01
32.35
32.70
33.05
33.40
33.74
34.08
34.43
34.77
35.11
35.45
35.79
36.12
36.46
36.79
37.13
37.46

1

106

m2
s

Pr

4.08
0.7391
4.39
0.7427
4.72
0.7457
5.06
0.7480
5.41
0.7499
5.77
0.7514
6.14
0.7524
6.53
0.7532
6.92
0.7536
7.33
0.7539
7.74
0.7538
8.17
0.7537
8.61
0.7533
9.05
0.7528
9.51
0.7522
9.98
0.7515
10.46
0.7506
10.95
0.7497
11.45
0.7487
11.96
0.7477
12.48
0.7466
13.01
0.7455
13.55
0.7443
14.10
0.7431
14.66
0.7419
15.23
0.7407
15.81
0.7394
16.40
0.7381
17.00
0.7369
17.61
0.7356
18.23
0.7343
18.85
0.7330
19.49
0.7318
20.13
0.7305
20.79
0.7293
21.45
0.7281
22.12
0.7268
22.80
0.7256
23.49
0.7244
24.19
0.7233
24.90
0.7221
25.61
0.7210
26.33
0.7199
27.06
0.7188
27.80
0.7177
28.55
0.7167
29.30
0.7157
30.06
0.7147
30.83
0.7137
31.61
0.7128
32.39
0.7118
33.18
0.7110
33.98
0.7101
34.79
0.7092
35.60
0.7084
36.42
0.7076
37.24
0.7068
38.08
0.7061
38.92
0.7054
39.76
0.7047
40.61
0.7040
41.47
0.7034
42.34
0.7027
43.21
0.7021
44.08
0.7016
44.96
0.7010
45.85
0.7005
46.74
0.7000
47.64
0.6995
48.55
0.6990
contin
ua en la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
375
380
385
390
395
400
405
410
415
420
425
430
435
440
445
450
455
460
465
470
475
480
485
490
495
500
505
510
515
520
525
530
535
540

kg
m3

0.75
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.70
0.69
0.69
0.68
0.67
0.67
0.66
0.66
0.65
0.64
0.64
0.63
0.63
0.62
0.62
0.61
0.61
0.60
0.60
0.59
0.59
0.58
0.58
0.57
0.57
0.56
0.56
0.55
0.55
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.53
0.53
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.50
0.50
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.43

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.024
1.025
1.026
1.027
1.028
1.029
1.030
1.031
1.032
1.033
1.034
1.035
1.036
1.037
1.038
1.039
1.040
1.041
1.042
1.044
1.045
1.046
1.047
1.048
1.049
1.050
1.052
1.053
1.054
1.055
1.056
1.057
1.059
1.060
1.061
1.062
1.063
1.065
1.066
1.067
1.068
1.069
1.071
1.072
1.073
1.074
1.075
1.077
1.078
1.079
1.080
1.081
1.083
1.084
1.085
1.086
1.087
1.089
1.090
1.091
1.092
1.093
1.095
1.096
1.097
1.098
1.099
1.100
1.101

contin
ua desde la 
p
agina
 anterior

106

Ns
m2

25.77
25.96
26.14
26.33
26.51
26.70
26.88
27.06
27.24
27.42
27.60
27.78
27.95
28.13
28.30
28.48
28.65
28.83
29.00
29.17
29.34
29.51
29.68
29.85
30.01
30.18
30.35
30.51
30.68
30.84
31.01
31.17
31.33
31.49
31.65
31.81
31.97
32.13
32.29
32.45
32.61
32.76
32.92
33.07
33.23
33.38
33.54
33.69
33.84
34.00
34.15
34.30
34.45
34.60
34.75
34.90
35.04
35.19
35.34
35.49
35.63
35.78
35.92
36.07
36.21
36.36
36.50
36.64
36.78

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

34.55
35.17
35.79
36.42
37.05
37.68
38.32
38.96
39.61
40.26
40.91
41.57
42.23
42.89
43.56
44.23
44.91
45.59
46.27
46.96
47.65
48.34
49.04
49.74
50.44
51.15
51.86
52.58
53.30
54.02
54.75
55.48
56.21
56.94
57.68
58.43
59.17
59.92
60.68
61.43
62.19
62.95
63.72
64.49
65.26
66.04
66.82
67.60
68.39
69.18
69.97
70.76
71.56
72.36
73.17
73.97
74.79
75.60
76.42
77.24
78.06
78.89
79.72
80.55
81.38
82.22
83.06
83.91
84.75

k 103

W
mK

37.79
38.12
38.45
38.77
39.10
39.43
39.75
40.07
40.40
40.72
41.04
41.36
41.67
41.99
42.31
42.62
42.93
43.25
43.56
43.87
44.18
44.49
44.79
45.10
45.40
45.71
46.01
46.31
46.61
46.91
47.21
47.51
47.81
48.10
48.40
48.69
48.99
49.28
49.57
49.86
50.15
50.43
50.72
51.01
51.29
51.58
51.86
52.14
52.42
52.70
52.98
53.26
53.54
53.81
54.09
54.36
54.64
54.91
55.18
55.45
55.72
55.99
56.26
56.53
56.79
57.06
57.32
57.59
57.85

106

m2
s

Pr

49.46
0.6986
50.37
0.6982
51.29
0.6978
52.22
0.6974
53.15
0.6970
54.08
0.6967
55.02
0.6964
55.97
0.6961
56.92
0.6958
57.88
0.6956
58.84
0.6953
59.80
0.6951
60.77
0.6949
61.74
0.6947
62.72
0.6945
63.70
0.6944
64.69
0.6942
65.68
0.6941
66.67
0.6940
67.67
0.6939
68.68
0.6938
69.68
0.6937
70.69
0.6937
71.71
0.6936
72.73
0.6936
73.75
0.6936
74.78
0.6936
75.81
0.6936
76.84
0.6936
77.88
0.6936
78.92
0.6937
79.97
0.6937
81.02
0.6938
82.07
0.6938
83.13
0.6939
84.19
0.6940
85.25
0.6941
86.32
0.6942
87.39
0.6943
88.46
0.6944
89.54
0.6946
90.62
0.6947
91.71
0.6948
92.79
0.6950
93.88
0.6952
94.98
0.6953
96.07
0.6955
97.17
0.6957
98.28
0.6958
99.39
0.6960
100.50
0.6962
101.60
0.6964
102.70
0.6966
103.80
0.6968
105.00
0.6970
106.10
0.6973
107.20
0.6975
108.40
0.6977
109.50
0.6979
110.60
0.6982
111.80
0.6984
112.90
0.6986
114.10
0.6989
115.20
0.6991
116.40
0.6994
117.50
0.6996
118.70
0.6999
119.80
0.7002
121.00
0.7004
contin
ua en la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
545
550
555
560
565
570
575
580
585
590
595
600
605
610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
720
725
730
735
740
745
750
755
760
765
770
775
780
785
790
795
800
805
810
815
820
825
830
835
840
845
850
855
860
865
870
875
880
885
890

kg
m3

0.43
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.30
0.30

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.103
1.104
1.105
1.106
1.107
1.108
1.109
1.111
1.112
1.113
1.114
1.115
1.116
1.117
1.118
1.119
1.120
1.121
1.122
1.123
1.125
1.126
1.127
1.128
1.129
1.130
1.131
1.132
1.133
1.134
1.135
1.136
1.137
1.138
1.139
1.140
1.140
1.141
1.142
1.143
1.144
1.145
1.146
1.147
1.148
1.149
1.150
1.151
1.151
1.152
1.153
1.154
1.155
1.156
1.157
1.158
1.158
1.159
1.160
1.161
1.162
1.162
1.163
1.164
1.165
1.166
1.166
1.167
1.168
1.169

contin
ua desde la 
p
agina
 anterior

106

Ns
m2

36.93
37.07
37.21
37.35
37.49
37.63
37.77
37.91
38.05
38.18
38.32
38.46
38.60
38.73
38.87
39.00
39.14
39.27
39.41
39.54
39.67
39.81
39.94
40.07
40.20
40.33
40.46
40.60
40.73
40.86
40.98
41.11
41.24
41.37
41.50
41.63
41.75
41.88
42.01
42.13
42.26
42.39
42.51
42.64
42.76
42.88
43.01
43.13
43.25
43.38
43.50
43.62
43.74
43.87
43.99
44.11
44.23
44.35
44.47
44.59
44.71
44.83
44.95
45.06
45.18
45.30
45.42
45.53
45.65
45.77

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

85.60
86.46
87.31
88.17
89.03
89.90
90.77
91.64
92.51
93.39
94.27
95.15
96.03
96.92
97.81
98.70
99.60
100.50
101.40
102.30
103.20
104.10
105.00
105.90
106.90
107.80
108.70
109.60
110.60
111.50
112.40
113.40
114.30
115.20
116.20
117.10
118.10
119.00
120.00
121.00
121.90
122.90
123.80
124.80
125.80
126.80
127.70
128.70
129.70
130.70
131.70
132.60
133.60
134.60
135.60
136.60
137.60
138.60
139.60
140.60
141.60
142.70
143.70
144.70
145.70
146.70
147.80
148.80
149.80
150.80

k 103

W
mK

58.11
58.37
58.63
58.89
59.15
59.41
59.66
59.92
60.17
60.43
60.68
60.93
61.18
61.43
61.68
61.93
62.18
62.43
62.68
62.92
63.17
63.41
63.65
63.90
64.14
64.38
64.62
64.86
65.10
65.33
65.57
65.81
66.04
66.28
66.51
66.74
66.97
67.21
67.44
67.67
67.90
68.12
68.35
68.58
68.81
69.03
69.26
69.48
69.70
69.93
70.15
70.37
70.59
70.81
71.03
71.25
71.47
71.68
71.90
72.11
72.33
72.54
72.76
72.97
73.18
73.39
73.61
73.82
74.03
74.24

106

m2
s

Pr

122.20
0.7007
123.30
0.7009
124.50
0.7012
125.70
0.7015
126.90
0.7018
128.10
0.7020
129.20
0.7023
130.40
0.7026
131.60
0.7029
132.80
0.7031
134.00
0.7034
135.20
0.7037
136.40
0.7040
137.60
0.7043
138.80
0.7046
140.00
0.7048
141.20
0.7051
142.50
0.7054
143.70
0.7057
144.90
0.7060
146.10
0.7063
147.40
0.7066
148.60
0.7069
149.80
0.7072
151.10
0.7075
152.30
0.7078
153.50
0.7081
154.80
0.7083
156.00
0.7086
157.30
0.7089
158.50
0.7092
159.80
0.7095
161.00
0.7098
162.30
0.7101
163.60
0.7104
164.80
0.7107
166.10
0.7110
167.40
0.7113
168.60
0.7116
169.90
0.7119
171.20
0.7122
172.50
0.7125
173.70
0.7128
175.00
0.7131
176.30
0.7134
177.60
0.7137
178.90
0.7140
180.20
0.7143
181.50
0.7145
182.80
0.7148
184.10
0.7151
185.40
0.7154
186.70
0.7157
188.00
0.7160
189.30
0.7163
190.70
0.7166
192.00
0.7169
193.30
0.7172
194.60
0.7175
195.90
0.7177
197.30
0.7180
198.60
0.7183
199.90
0.7186
201.30
0.7189
202.60
0.7192
203.90
0.7195
205.30
0.7197
206.60
0.7200
208.00
0.7203
209.30
0.7206
contin
ua en la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
895
900
905
910
915
920
925
930
935
940
945
950
955
960
965
970
975
980
985
990
995
1000
1005
1010
1015
1020
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1055
1060
1065
1070
1075
1080
1085
1090
1095
1100
1105
1110
1115
1120
1125
1130
1135
1140
1145
1150
1155
1160
1165
1170
1175
1180
1185
1190
1195
1200
1205
1210
1215
1220
1225
1230
1235
1240

kg
m3

0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.23
0.23
0.23

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.170
1.170
1.171
1.172
1.173
1.173
1.174
1.175
1.176
1.176
1.177
1.178
1.178
1.179
1.180
1.181
1.181
1.182
1.183
1.183
1.184
1.185
1.185
1.186
1.187
1.187
1.188
1.189
1.189
1.190
1.190
1.191
1.192
1.192
1.193
1.194
1.194
1.195
1.195
1.196
1.197
1.197
1.198
1.198
1.199
1.199
1.200
1.201
1.201
1.202
1.202
1.203
1.203
1.204
1.204
1.205
1.206
1.206
1.207
1.207
1.208
1.208
1.209
1.209
1.210
1.210
1.211
1.211
1.212
1.212

contin
ua desde la 
p
agina
 anterior

106

Ns
m2

45.88
46.00
46.12
46.23
46.35
46.46
46.58
46.69
46.80
46.92
47.03
47.15
47.26
47.37
47.48
47.60
47.71
47.82
47.93
48.04
48.15
48.26
48.37
48.48
48.59
48.70
48.81
48.92
49.03
49.14
49.25
49.35
49.46
49.57
49.68
49.78
49.89
50.00
50.10
50.21
50.31
50.42
50.52
50.63
50.73
50.84
50.94
51.05
51.15
51.26
51.36
51.46
51.56
51.67
51.77
51.87
51.97
52.08
52.18
52.28
52.38
52.48
52.58
52.68
52.78
52.88
52.98
53.08
53.18
53.28

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

151.90
152.90
153.90
155.00
156.00
157.10
158.10
159.20
160.20
161.30
162.30
163.40
164.50
165.50
166.60
167.60
168.70
169.80
170.90
171.90
173.00
174.10
175.20
176.30
177.40
178.40
179.50
180.60
181.70
182.80
183.90
185.00
186.10
187.20
188.40
189.50
190.60
191.70
192.80
193.90
195.00
196.20
197.30
198.40
199.60
200.70
201.80
203.00
204.10
205.20
206.40
207.50
208.70
209.80
211.00
212.10
213.30
214.40
215.60
216.70
217.90
219.10
220.20
221.40
222.60
223.70
224.90
226.10
227.30
228.40

k 103

W
mK

74.44
74.65
74.86
75.07
75.27
75.48
75.68
75.89
76.09
76.29
76.49
76.70
76.90
77.10
77.30
77.50
77.69
77.89
78.09
78.29
78.48
78.68
78.87
79.07
79.26
79.46
79.65
79.84
80.03
80.23
80.42
80.61
80.80
80.99
81.18
81.36
81.55
81.74
81.92
82.11
82.30
82.48
82.67
82.85
83.03
83.22
83.40
83.58
83.76
83.95
84.13
84.31
84.49
84.67
84.85
85.02
85.20
85.38
85.56
85.73
85.91
86.09
86.26
86.44
86.61
86.79
86.96
87.13
87.31
87.48

106

m2
s

Pr

210.70
0.7209
212.00
0.7212
213.40
0.7214
214.70
0.7217
216.10
0.7220
217.50
0.7223
218.80
0.7226
220.20
0.7228
221.60
0.7231
222.90
0.7234
224.30
0.7237
225.70
0.7239
227.10
0.7242
228.50
0.7245
229.80
0.7247
231.20
0.7250
232.60
0.7253
234.00
0.7256
235.40
0.7258
236.80
0.7261
238.20
0.7264
239.60
0.7266
241.00
0.7269
242.40
0.7272
243.80
0.7274
245.20
0.7277
246.60
0.7279
248.10
0.7282
249.50
0.7285
250.90
0.7287
252.30
0.7290
253.70
0.7292
255.20
0.7295
256.60
0.7298
258.00
0.7300
259.40
0.7303
260.90
0.7305
262.30
0.7308
263.80
0.7310
265.20
0.7313
266.60
0.7315
268.10
0.7318
269.50
0.7320
271.00
0.7323
272.40
0.7325
273.90
0.7328
275.30
0.7330
276.80
0.7332
278.30
0.7335
279.70
0.7337
281.20
0.7340
282.60
0.7342
284.10
0.7344
285.60
0.7347
287.10
0.7349
288.50
0.7351
290.00
0.7354
291.50
0.7356
293.00
0.7358
294.40
0.7361
295.90
0.7363
297.40
0.7365
298.90
0.7368
300.40
0.7370
301.90
0.7372
303.40
0.7374
304.90
0.7377
306.40
0.7379
307.90
0.7381
309.40
0.7383
contin
ua en la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
1245
1250
1255
1260
1265
1270
1275
1280
1285
1290
1295
1300
1305
1310
1315
1320
1325
1330
1335
1340
1345
1350
1355
1360
1365
1370
1375
1380
1385
1390
1395
1400
1405
1410
1415
1420
1425
1430
1435
1440
1445
1450
1455
1460
1465
1470
1475
1480
1485
1490
1495
1500
1505
1510
1515
1520
1525
1530
1535
1540
1545
1550
1555
1560
1565
1570
1575
1580
1585
1590

kg
m3

0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.213
1.213
1.214
1.214
1.215
1.215
1.216
1.216
1.217
1.217
1.218
1.218
1.218
1.219
1.219
1.220
1.220
1.221
1.221
1.222
1.222
1.222
1.223
1.223
1.224
1.224
1.225
1.225
1.225
1.226
1.226
1.227
1.227
1.228
1.228
1.228
1.229
1.229
1.230
1.230
1.230
1.231
1.231
1.232
1.232
1.232
1.233
1.233
1.234
1.234
1.234
1.235
1.235
1.235
1.236
1.236
1.237
1.237
1.237
1.238
1.238
1.238
1.239
1.239
1.239
1.240
1.240
1.240
1.241
1.241

contin
ua desde la 
p
agina
 anterior

106

Ns
m2

53.38
53.48
53.58
53.68
53.77
53.87
53.97
54.07
54.17
54.26
54.36
54.46
54.55
54.65
54.75
54.84
54.94
55.03
55.13
55.22
55.32
55.41
55.51
55.60
55.70
55.79
55.88
55.98
56.07
56.16
56.26
56.35
56.44
56.54
56.63
56.72
56.81
56.90
56.99
57.09
57.18
57.27
57.36
57.45
57.54
57.63
57.72
57.81
57.90
57.99
58.08
58.17
58.26
58.35
58.44
58.52
58.61
58.70
58.79
58.88
58.96
59.05
59.14
59.23
59.31
59.40
59.49
59.57
59.66
59.75

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

229.60
230.80
232.00
233.20
234.40
235.60
236.70
237.90
239.10
240.30
241.50
242.70
243.90
245.10
246.40
247.60
248.80
250.00
251.20
252.40
253.60
254.90
256.10
257.30
258.50
259.70
261.00
262.20
263.40
264.70
265.90
267.10
268.40
269.60
270.90
272.10
273.40
274.60
275.90
277.10
278.40
279.60
280.90
282.10
283.40
284.60
285.90
287.20
288.40
289.70
291.00
292.20
293.50
294.80
296.10
297.40
298.60
299.90
301.20
302.50
303.80
305.10
306.30
307.60
308.90
310.20
311.50
312.80
314.10
315.40

k 103

W
mK

87.65
87.82
87.99
88.16
88.34
88.51
88.68
88.85
89.01
89.18
89.35
89.52
89.69
89.85
90.02
90.19
90.35
90.52
90.69
90.85
91.02
91.18
91.35
91.51
91.67
91.84
92.00
92.16
92.33
92.49
92.65
92.81
92.97
93.13
93.29
93.45
93.61
93.77
93.93
94.09
94.25
94.41
94.57
94.73
94.89
95.04
95.20
95.36
95.52
95.67
95.83
95.99
96.14
96.30
96.46
96.61
96.77
96.92
97.08
97.23
97.39
97.54
97.70
97.85
98.00
98.16
98.31
98.47
98.62
98.77

106

m2
s

Pr

310.90
0.7386
312.40
0.7388
313.90
0.7390
315.40
0.7392
317.00
0.7394
318.50
0.7396
320.00
0.7399
321.50
0.7401
323.00
0.7403
324.60
0.7405
326.10
0.7407
327.60
0.7409
329.20
0.7411
330.70
0.7413
332.20
0.7415
333.80
0.7417
335.30
0.7419
336.80
0.7421
338.40
0.7423
339.90
0.7425
341.50
0.7427
343.00
0.7429
344.60
0.7431
346.10
0.7433
347.70
0.7435
349.30
0.7437
350.80
0.7439
352.40
0.7441
354.00
0.7443
355.50
0.7444
357.10
0.7446
358.70
0.7448
360.20
0.7450
361.80
0.7452
363.40
0.7454
365.00
0.7455
366.60
0.7457
368.20
0.7459
369.70
0.7461
371.30
0.7462
372.90
0.7464
374.50
0.7466
376.10
0.7467
377.70
0.7469
379.30
0.7471
380.90
0.7472
382.50
0.7474
384.10
0.7476
385.80
0.7477
387.40
0.7479
389.00
0.7480
390.60
0.7482
392.20
0.7484
393.80
0.7485
395.50
0.7487
397.10
0.7488
398.70
0.7490
400.40
0.7491
402.00
0.7493
403.60
0.7494
405.30
0.7495
406.90
0.7497
408.60
0.7498
410.20
0.7500
411.80
0.7501
413.50
0.7502
415.10
0.7504
416.80
0.7505
418.50
0.7506
420.10
0.7508
contin
ua en la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
1595
1600
1605
1610
1615
1620
1625
1630
1635
1640
1645
1650
1655
1660
1665
1670
1675
1680
1685
1690
1695
1700
1705
1710
1715
1720
1725
1730
1735
1740
1745
1750
1755
1760
1765
1770
1775
1780
1785
1790
1795
1800
1805
1810
1815
1820
1825
1830
1835
1840
1845
1850
1855
1860
1865
1870
1875
1880
1885
1890
1895
1900
1905
1910
1915
1920
1925
1930
1935
1940

kg
m3

0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.241
1.242
1.242
1.243
1.243
1.243
1.244
1.244
1.244
1.245
1.245
1.245
1.246
1.246
1.246
1.246
1.247
1.247
1.247
1.248
1.248
1.248
1.249
1.249
1.249
1.250
1.250
1.249
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.251
1.251
1.251
1.251
1.252
1.252
1.252
1.253
1.253
1.253
1.253
1.254
1.254
1.254
1.255
1.255
1.255
1.255
1.256
1.256
1.256
1.256
1.257
1.257
1.257
1.257
1.258
1.258
1.258
1.259
1.259
1.259
1.259
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.261
1.261

contin
ua desde la 
p
agina
 anterior

106

Ns
m2

59.83
59.92
60.00
60.09
60.17
60.26
60.35
60.43
60.51
60.60
60.68
60.77
60.85
60.94
61.02
61.10
61.19
61.27
61.35
61.44
61.52
61.60
61.68
61.77
61.85
61.93
62.01
62.09
62.18
62.26
62.34
62.42
62.50
62.58
62.66
62.74
62.82
62.90
62.98
63.06
63.14
63.22
63.30
63.38
63.46
63.54
63.62
63.70
63.78
63.86
63.93
64.01
64.09
64.17
64.25
64.32
64.40
64.48
64.56
64.63
64.71
64.79
64.86
64.94
65.02
65.09
65.17
65.25
65.32
65.40

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

316.70
318.00
319.30
320.60
321.90
323.20
324.60
325.90
327.20
328.50
329.80
331.10
332.50
333.80
335.10
336.40
337.80
339.10
340.40
341.70
343.10
344.40
345.70
347.10
348.40
349.80
351.10
352.40
353.80
355.10
356.50
357.80
359.20
360.50
361.90
363.20
364.60
365.90
367.30
368.70
370.00
371.40
372.80
374.10
375.50
376.90
378.20
379.60
381.00
382.30
383.70
385.10
386.50
387.80
389.20
390.60
392.00
393.40
394.80
396.20
397.50
398.90
400.30
401.70
403.10
404.50
405.90
407.30
408.70
410.10

k 103

W
mK

106

98.92
99.08
99.23
99.38
99.54
99.69
99.84
100.00
100.10
100.30
100.40
100.60
100.70
100.90
101.10
101.20
101.40
101.50
101.70
101.80
102.00
102.10
102.30
102.40
102.60
102.70
102.90
103.00
103.20
103.30
103.50
103.60
103.80
103.90
104.10
104.20
104.40
104.50
104.70
104.80
105.00
105.10
105.30
105.40
105.60
105.70
105.90
106.00
106.20
106.30
106.50
106.60
106.80
106.90
107.10
107.20
107.40
107.50
107.70
107.80
108.00
108.10
108.30
108.40
108.60
108.70
108.90
109.00
109.20
109.30
contin
ua en

m2
s

Pr

421.80
0.7509
423.50
0.7510
425.10
0.7511
426.80
0.7513
428.50
0.7514
430.10
0.7515
431.80
0.7516
433.50
0.7517
435.20
0.7518
436.90
0.7519
438.60
0.7521
440.20
0.7522
441.90
0.7523
443.60
0.7524
445.30
0.7525
447.00
0.7526
448.70
0.7527
450.40
0.7528
452.10
0.7529
453.90
0.7530
455.60
0.7531
457.30
0.7531
459.00
0.7532
460.70
0.7533
462.50
0.7534
464.20
0.7535
465.90
0.7536
468.00
0.7531
469.70
0.7532
471.50
0.7533
473.20
0.7533
475.00
0.7534
476.70
0.7535
478.50
0.7535
480.20
0.7536
482.00
0.7536
483.70
0.7537
485.50
0.7537
487.30
0.7538
489.00
0.7538
490.80
0.7539
492.60
0.7539
494.40
0.7540
496.20
0.7540
497.90
0.7541
499.70
0.7541
501.50
0.7541
503.30
0.7542
505.10
0.7542
506.90
0.7542
508.70
0.7542
510.50
0.7543
512.40
0.7543
514.20
0.7543
516.00
0.7543
517.80
0.7543
519.60
0.7544
521.50
0.7544
523.30
0.7544
525.10
0.7544
527.00
0.7544
528.80
0.7544
530.70
0.7544
532.50
0.7544
534.40
0.7544
536.20
0.7544
538.10
0.7544
539.90
0.7543
541.80
0.7543
543.70
0.7543
la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del aire seco a presi

on atmosferica.EES v.9.250. 29-Nov-2012

T ( C)
1945
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000

kg
m3

0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16

Cp

kJ
kgK

1.261
1.261
1.262
1.262
1.262
1.262
1.263
1.263
1.263
1.263
1.263
1.264

contin
ua desde la 
p
agina
 anterior

106

Ns
m2

65.47
65.55
65.62
65.70
65.77
65.85
65.92
66.00
66.07
66.15
66.22
66.30

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

v 106

m2
s

411.50
412.90
414.30
415.70
417.10
418.50
419.90
421.30
422.80
424.20
425.60
427.00

k 103

W
mK

109.50
109.60
109.80
109.90
110.10
110.20
110.40
110.50
110.70
110.80
111.00
111.10

106

m2
s

545.50
547.40
549.30
551.20
553.10
555.00
556.90
558.80
560.70
562.60
564.50
566.40

Pr
0.7543
0.7543
0.7542
0.7542
0.7542
0.7542
0.7541
0.7541
0.7540
0.7540
0.7540
0.7539

Termotecnia

Propiedades del agua saturada para calculos de transmisi

on de calor .EES v.9.250. 26-dic-2012

T
( C)
0.01
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52

psat
(bar)
0.006117
0.006572
0.00706
0.007581
0.008136
0.008726
0.009354
0.01002
0.01073
0.01148
0.01228
0.01313
0.01403
0.01498
0.01599
0.01706
0.01819
0.01938
0.02064
0.02198
0.02339
0.02488
0.02645
0.0281
0.02985
0.03169
0.03363
0.03567
0.03782
0.04008
0.04246
0.04495
0.04758
0.05033
0.05323
0.05627
0.05945
0.0628
0.0663
0.06997
0.07381
0.07784
0.08205
0.08646
0.09108
0.0959
0.1009
0.1062
0.1117
0.1174
0.1234
0.1297
0.1362

hliqgas

kJ
kg

kg
m3

2501
2498
2496
2493
2491
2489
2486
2484
2482
2479
2477
2475
2472
2470
2467
2465
2463
2460
2458
2456
2453
2451
2449
2446
2444
2442
2439
2437
2434
2432
2430
2427
2425
2423
2420
2418
2415
2413
2411
2408
2406
2403
2401
2399
2396
2394
2391
2389
2387
2384
2382
2379
2377

1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
999.7
999.6
999.5
999.4
999.2
999.1
998.9
998.8
998.6
998.4
998.2
998
997.7
997.5
997.3
997
996.8
996.5
996.2
995.9
995.6
995.3
995
994.7
994.3
994
993.6
993.3
992.9
992.5
992.2
991.8
991.4
991
990.6
990.2
989.7
989.3
988.9
988.4
988
987.5
987.1

volg

Cpf

m3
kg

kJ
kgK

206
192.4
179.8
168
157.1
147
137.6
128.9
120.8
113.3
106.3
99.81
93.74
88.09
82.81
77.9
73.31
69.02
65.02
61.28
57.78
54.5
51.44
48.57
45.88
43.36
40.99
38.77
36.69
34.73
32.9
31.17
29.54
28.01
26.58
25.22
23.94
22.74
21.61
20.54
19.53
18.58
17.68
16.83
16.02
15.26
14.55
13.87
13.22
12.61
12.04
11.49
10.97

4.229
4.221
4.215
4.209
4.204
4.2
4.197
4.194
4.192
4.19
4.188
4.187
4.186
4.185
4.185
4.184
4.184
4.184
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

Cpg
kJ
kgK

1.868
1.868
1.869
1.869
1.87
1.871
1.871
1.872
1.872
1.873
1.874
1.875
1.875
1.876
1.877
1.878
1.878
1.879
1.88
1.881
1.882
1.883
1.884
1.885
1.886
1.887
1.888
1.889
1.89
1.891
1.892
1.893
1.894
1.896
1.897
1.898
1.899
1.9
1.902
1.903
1.904
1.906
1.907
1.909
1.91
1.912
1.913
1.915
1.916
1.918
1.919
1.921
1.923

6
f 10


Ns
m2

1792
1732
1675
1620
1568
1519
1472
1428
1386
1345
1307
1270
1235
1201
1169
1138
1109
1080
1053
1027
1002
978.1
954.9
932.6
911.2
890.5
870.6
851.4
832.9
815
797.7
781
764.9
749.3
734.2
719.6
705.5
691.8
678.6
665.7
653.3
641.2
629.5
618.1
607
596.3
585.9
575.8
565.9
556.4
547.1
538
529.2

6
g 10


Ns
m2

9.216
9.239
9.263
9.287
9.311
9.336
9.36
9.385
9.41
9.436
9.461
9.487
9.513
9.539
9.565
9.592
9.618
9.645
9.672
9.7
9.727
9.755
9.782
9.81
9.838
9.867
9.895
9.924
9.952
9.981
10.01
10.04
10.07
10.1
10.13
10.16
10.19
10.22
10.25
10.28
10.31
10.34
10.37
10.4
10.43
10.46
10.49
10.52
10.55
10.58
10.62
10.65
10.68

6
f 10


m2
s

1.793
1.732
1.675
1.62
1.568
1.519
1.472
1.428
1.386
1.345
1.307
1.27
1.235
1.202
1.17
1.139
1.11
1.082
1.055
1.029
1.004
0.9801
0.9571
0.935
0.9137
0.8932
0.8735
0.8544
0.8361
0.8183
0.8012
0.7847
0.7688
0.7533
0.7384
0.724
0.71
0.6965
0.6834
0.6707
0.6584
0.6465
0.6349
0.6237
0.6128
0.6022
0.592
0.582
0.5723
0.5629
0.5537
0.5448
0.5361

6
g 10


m2
s

1898
1778
1665
1560
1463
1373
1288
1210
1137
1069
1006
946.9
891.7
840.2
792.1
747.2
705.1
665.7
628.9
594.4
562
531.7
503.2
476.5
451.4
427.8
405.6
384.8
365.1
346.7
329.3
312.9
297.5
282.9
269.1
256.2
243.9
232.3
221.4
211.1
201.3
192
183.3
175
167.1
159.7
152.6
145.9
139.5
133.5
127.8
122.3
117.2

kf 10
3
W
mK

547.5
549.5
551.5
553.6
555.6
557.6
559.6
561.5
563.5
565.5
567.4
569.3
571.2
573.1
575
576.9
578.8
580.6
582.4
584.2
586
587.8
589.6
591.3
593
594.7
596.4
598.1
599.7
601.3
602.9
604.5
606.1
607.6
609.1
610.6
612.1
613.6
615
616.4
617.8
619.1
620.5
621.8
623.1
624.4
625.6
626.9
628.1
629.3
630.4
631.6
632.7

kg 10
3
W
mK

17.07
17.12
17.17
17.23
17.28
17.34
17.39
17.45
17.5
17.56
17.62
17.68
17.74
17.8
17.86
17.92
17.98
18.04
18.1
18.16
18.22
18.29
18.35
18.42
18.48
18.55
18.61
18.68
18.75
18.82
18.88
18.95
19.02
19.09
19.16
19.23
19.3
19.38
19.45
19.52
19.59
19.67
19.74
19.82
19.89
19.97
20.05
20.12
20.2
20.28
20.36
20.44
20.52

P rf
13.84
13.31
12.8
12.32
11.87
11.44
11.04
10.66
10.31
9.967
9.645
9.339
9.048
8.771
8.507
8.255
8.014
7.785
7.565
7.355
7.154
6.961
6.776
6.598
6.428
6.264
6.107
5.955
5.81
5.67
5.535
5.405
5.28
5.159
5.042
4.93
4.821
4.716
4.615
4.517
4.423
4.331
4.243
4.157
4.074
3.994
3.916
3.841
3.768
3.697
3.629
3.562
3.498

P rg
f

103
g

103
1
1
K
K
1.008
-0.08045
3.672
1.008
-0.06079
3.659
1.008
-0.04175
3.646
1.008
-0.02347
3.634
1.007
-0.005888
3.621
1.007
0.01103
3.609
1.007
0.02734
3.596
1.007
0.04308
3.584
1.007
0.05827
3.572
1.006
0.07297
3.56
1.006
0.08719
3.548
1.006
0.101
3.536
1.006
0.1143
3.525
1.006
0.1273
3.513
1.005
0.1399
3.502
1.005
0.1522
3.49
1.005
0.1641
3.479
1.005
0.1757
3.468
1.005
0.187
3.457
1.005
0.1981
3.446
1.004
0.2089
3.435
1.004
0.2194
3.424
1.004
0.2297
3.414
1.004
0.2398
3.403
1.004
0.2496
3.393
1.004
0.2593
3.382
1.004
0.2688
3.372
1.003
0.2781
3.362
1.003
0.2872
3.352
1.003
0.2962
3.342
1.003
0.305
3.332
1.003
0.3136
3.322
1.003
0.3222
3.313
1.003
0.3305
3.303
1.002
0.3388
3.294
1.002
0.3469
3.284
1.002
0.3549
3.275
1.002
0.3628
3.266
1.002
0.3706
3.257
1.002
0.3783
3.248
1.002
0.3859
3.239
1.002
0.3934
3.23
1.002
0.4008
3.222
1.001
0.4081
3.213
1.001
0.4154
3.205
1.001
0.4225
3.196
1.001
0.4296
3.188
1.001
0.4366
3.18
1.001
0.4435
3.172
1.001
0.4504
3.164
1.001
0.4572
3.156
1.001
0.464
3.148
1.001
0.4706
3.14
contin
ua en la p
agina siguiente

Termotecnia

Propiedades del agua saturada para calculos de transmisi

on de calor .EES v.9.250. 26-dic-2012

T
( C)
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

psat
(bar)
0.143
0.1501
0.1575
0.1652
0.1732
0.1816
0.1903
0.1993
0.2087
0.2185
0.2287
0.2392
0.2502
0.2616
0.2735
0.2858
0.2985
0.3118
0.3255
0.3397
0.3545
0.3698
0.3856
0.402
0.419
0.4367
0.4549
0.4737
0.4932
0.5134
0.5343
0.5559
0.5781
0.6012
0.625
0.6496
0.675
0.7012
0.7282
0.7561
0.7849
0.8147
0.8453
0.8769
0.9094
0.943
0.9776
1.013

hliqgas

kg

kJ
kg

m3

2375
2372
2370
2367
2365
2363
2360
2358
2355
2353
2350
2348
2345
2343
2340
2338
2336
2333
2331
2328
2326
2323
2321
2318
2316
2313
2311
2308
2306
2303
2301
2298
2295
2293
2290
2288
2285
2283
2280
2278
2275
2272
2270
2267
2265
2262
2259
2257

986.6
986.1
985.7
985.2
984.7
984.2
983.7
983.2
982.6
982.1
981.6
981.1
980.5
980
979.4
978.9
978.3
977.7
977.2
976.6
976
975.4
974.8
974.2
973.6
973
972.4
971.8
971.2
970.5
969.9
969.3
968.6
968
967.3
966.7
966
965.3
964.7
964
963.3
962.6
961.9
961.2
960.5
959.8
959.1
958.4

volg

Cpf

m3
kg

kJ
kgK

10.48
10.01
9.573
9.153
8.754
8.376
8.016
7.674
7.349
7.04
6.746
6.466
6.2
5.946
5.704
5.474
5.254
5.045
4.845
4.654
4.473
4.299
4.133
3.975
3.824
3.679
3.541
3.409
3.282
3.161
3.046
2.935
2.829
2.727
2.63
2.537
2.447
2.362
2.279
2.201
2.125
2.052
1.983
1.916
1.852
1.79
1.731
1.674

4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.182
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.183
4.184
4.184
4.184
4.185
4.185
4.186
4.186
4.187
4.188
4.188
4.189
4.189
4.19
4.191
4.192
4.192
4.193
4.194
4.195
4.196
4.197
4.198
4.199
4.2
4.201
4.202
4.203
4.204
4.206
4.207
4.208
4.209
4.21
4.212
4.213
4.214
4.216
4.217

Grado en Ingeniera en Tecnologas Industriales

contin
ua desde la p
agina anterior
6
6
6
Cpg

f 10
g 10
f 10






kJ
kgK

Ns
m2

Ns
m2

m2
s

1.924
1.926
1.928
1.93
1.931
1.933
1.935
1.937
1.939
1.941
1.943
1.945
1.947
1.949
1.951
1.954
1.956
1.958
1.96
1.963
1.965
1.967
1.97
1.972
1.975
1.977
1.98
1.983
1.985
1.988
1.991
1.993
1.996
1.999
2.002
2.005
2.008
2.011
2.014
2.017
2.02
2.024
2.027
2.03
2.033
2.037
2.04
2.044

520.6
512.3
504.2
496.2
488.5
481
473.7
466.6
459.6
452.8
446.2
439.7
433.4
427.3
421.2
415.4
409.6
404
398.6
393.2
388
382.9
377.9
373
368.2
363.5
359
354.5
350.1
345.8
341.6
337.5
333.5
329.5
325.7
321.9
318.2
314.5
311
307.5
304
300.7
297.4
294.2
291
287.9
284.8
281.9

10.71
10.74
10.77
10.81
10.84
10.87
10.9
10.93
10.97
11
11.03
11.06
11.1
11.13
11.16
11.19
11.23
11.26
11.29
11.33
11.36
11.39
11.43
11.46
11.49
11.53
11.56
11.59
11.63
11.66
11.69
11.73
11.76
11.79
11.83
11.86
11.89
11.93
11.96
12
12.03
12.06
12.1
12.13
12.17
12.2
12.23
12.27

0.5277
0.5195
0.5115
0.5037
0.4961
0.4888
0.4816
0.4746
0.4677
0.461
0.4545
0.4482
0.442
0.436
0.4301
0.4243
0.4187
0.4132
0.4079
0.4026
0.3975
0.3925
0.3876
0.3828
0.3782
0.3736
0.3691
0.3648
0.3605
0.3563
0.3522
0.3482
0.3443
0.3404
0.3367
0.333
0.3294
0.3258
0.3224
0.319
0.3156
0.3124
0.3092
0.306
0.303
0.2999
0.297
0.2941

6
g 10


m2
s

112.3
107.6
103.1
98.91
94.88
91.04
87.39
83.91
80.6
77.43
74.42
71.54
68.79
66.17
63.67
61.27
58.99
56.8
54.71
52.72
50.8
48.98
47.22
45.55
43.94
42.4
40.93
39.51
38.16
36.86
35.61
34.42
33.27
32.16
31.11
30.09
29.11
28.17
27.27
26.4
25.56
24.76
23.99
23.24
22.53
21.84
21.17
20.53

kf 10
3
W
mK

633.8
634.9
636
637
638
639
640
640.9
641.9
642.8
643.7
644.6
645.4
646.3
647.1
647.9
648.7
649.5
650.2
650.9
651.6
652.3
653
653.7
654.3
655
655.6
656.2
656.7
657.3
657.9
658.4
658.9
659.4
659.9
660.4
660.9
661.3
661.7
662.2
662.6
663
663.3
663.7
664.1
664.4
664.7
665.1

kg 10
3
W
mK

20.6
20.68
20.76
20.84
20.93
21.01
21.09
21.18
21.26
21.35
21.44
21.52
21.61
21.7
21.79
21.88
21.97
22.06
22.15
22.24
22.33
22.43
22.52
22.62
22.71
22.81
22.9
23
23.1
23.19
23.29
23.39
23.49
23.59
23.7
23.8
23.9
24
24.11
24.21
24.32
24.42
24.53
24.64
24.75
24.86
24.97
25.08

P rf
3.435
3.374
3.315
3.258
3.202
3.148
3.096
3.045
2.995
2.947
2.9
2.854
2.81
2.767
2.725
2.684
2.644
2.605
2.567
2.53
2.494
2.459
2.425
2.391
2.359
2.327
2.296
2.266
2.236
2.207
2.179
2.152
2.125
2.099
2.073
2.048
2.024
2
1.976
1.953
1.931
1.909
1.888
1.867
1.846
1.826
1.806
1.787

P rg
1.001
1.001
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.9999
0.9999
0.9998
0.9998
0.9997
0.9997
0.9996
0.9996
0.9995
0.9995
0.9995
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9993
0.9994
0.9994
0.9994
0.9995
0.9995
0.9996
0.9997
0.9997
0.9998
0.9999
1

f

103
1
K

0.4773
0.4838
0.4903
0.4968
0.5032
0.5096
0.5159
0.5222
0.5284
0.5346
0.5407
0.5468
0.5529
0.5589
0.5649
0.5709
0.5768
0.5827
0.5886
0.5945
0.6003
0.6061
0.6118
0.6176
0.6233
0.629
0.6346
0.6403
0.6459
0.6515
0.6571
0.6627
0.6682
0.6738
0.6793
0.6848
0.6903
0.6958
0.7013
0.7067
0.7122
0.7176
0.723
0.7285
0.7339
0.7393
0.7447
0.7501

g

103
1
K

3.133
3.125
3.118
3.11
3.103
3.096
3.089
3.082
3.075
3.068
3.061
3.055
3.048
3.042
3.036
3.029
3.023
3.017
3.011
3.006
3
2.994
2.989
2.983
2.978
2.973
2.967
2.962
2.957
2.952
2.948
2.943
2.938
2.934
2.93
2.925
2.921
2.917
2.913
2.909
2.905
2.902
2.898
2.895
2.891
2.888
2.885
2.882

Termotecnia

app.qxd 6/27/02 10:16 Page 518

518

Heat Transfer Property Tables and Figures

Table HT-3 Thermophysical Properties of Gases at Atmospheric Pressure1


(kg/m3)

cp
(kJ/kg # K)

 107
(N # s/m2)

  106
(m2/s)

k  103
(W/m # K)

100
150
200
250
300

3.5562
2.3364
1.7458
1.3947
1.1614

1.032
1.012
1.007
1.006
1.007

71.1
103.4
132.5
159.6
184.6

2.00
4.426
7.590
11.44
15.89

9.34
13.8
18.1
22.3
26.3

2.54
5.84
10.3
15.9
22.5

0.786
0.758
0.737
0.720
0.707

350
400
450
500
550

0.9950
0.8711
0.7740
0.6964
0.6329

1.009
1.014
1.021
1.030
1.040

208.2
230.1
250.7
270.1
288.4

20.92
26.41
32.39
38.79
45.57

30.0
33.8
37.3
40.7
43.9

29.9
38.3
47.2
56.7
66.7

0.700
0.690
0.686
0.684
0.683

600
650
700
750
800

0.5804
0.5356
0.4975
0.4643
0.4354

1.051
1.063
1.075
1.087
1.099

305.8
322.5
338.8
354.6
369.8

52.69
60.21
68.10
76.37
84.93

46.9
49.7
52.4
54.9
57.3

76.9
87.3
98.0
109
120

0.685
0.690
0.695
0.702
0.709

850
900
950
1000
1100

0.4097
0.3868
0.3666
0.3482
0.3166

1.110
1.121
1.131
1.141
1.159

384.3
398.1
411.3
424.4
449.0

93.80
102.9
112.2
121.9
141.8

59.6
62.0
64.3
66.7
71.5

131
143
155
168
195

0.716
0.720
0.723
0.726
0.728

19.8
26.4
33.9

73.0
81.9
90.7

28.9
38.8
50.2

0.686
0.679
0.676

T
(K)

  106
(m2/s)

Pr

Air

Helium (He)
100
120
140

0.4871
0.4060
0.3481

5.193
5.193
5.193

96.3
107
118

180
220
260
300

0.2708
0.2216
0.1875
0.1625

5.193
5.193
5.193
5.193

139
160
180
199

51.3
72.2
96.0
122

107.2
123.1
137
152

76.2
107
141
180

0.673
0.675
0.682
0.680

400
500

0.1219
0.09754

5.193
5.193

243
283

199
290

187
220

295
434

0.675
0.668

700
1000

0.06969
0.04879

5.193
5.193

350
446

502
914

278
354

768
1400

0.654
0.654

For gases at atmospheric pressure, the ideal gas model (Sec. 4.5) applies, and   pRT.

app.qxd 6/27/02 10:16 Page 519

Heat Transfer Property Tables and Figures

519

Table HT-4 Thermophysical Properties of Saturated Liquids

Saturated Liquids
T
(K)


(kg/m3)

cp
(kJ/kg # K)

 102
(N # s/m2)

  106
(m2/s)

k  103
(W/m # K)

  107
(m2/s)

Pr

 103
(K1)

Engine Oil (Unused)

273
280
290
300
310
320
330
340

899.1
895.3
890.0
884.1
877.9
871.8
865.8
859.9

1.796
1.827
1.868
1.909
1.951
1.993
2.035
2.076

385
217
99.9
48.6
25.3
14.1
8.36
5.31

4280
2430
1120
550
288
161
96.6
61.7

147
144
145
145
145
143
141
139

0.910
0.880
0.872
0.859
0.847
0.823
0.800
0.779

47,000
27,500
12,900
6400
3400
1965
1205
793

0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70

350
360
370
380
390

853.9
847.8
841.8
836.0
830.6

2.118
2.161
2.206
2.250
2.294

3.56
2.52
1.86
1.41
1.10

41.7
29.7
22.0
16.9
13.3

138
138
137
136
135

0.763
0.753
0.738
0.723
0.709

546
395
300
233
187

0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70

400
410
420
430

825.1
818.9
812.1
806.5

2.337
2.381
2.427
2.471

0.874
0.698
0.564
0.470

10.6
8.52
6.94
5.83

134
133
133
132

0.695
0.682
0.675
0.662

152
125
103
88

0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70

Ethylene Glycol [C2H4(OH)2]

273
280
290

1130.8
1125.8
1118.8

2.294
2.323
2.368

6.51
4.20
2.47

57.6
37.3
22.1

242
244
248

0.933
0.933
0.936

617
400
236

0.65
0.65
0.65

300
310
320
330
340

1114.4
1103.7
1096.2
1089.5
1083.8

2.415
2.460
2.505
2.549
2.592

1.57
1.07
0.757
0.561
0.431

14.1
9.65
6.91
5.15
3.98

252
255
258
260
261

0.939
0.939
0.940
0.936
0.929

151
103
73.5
55.0
42.8

0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65

350
360
370
373

1079.0
1074.0
1066.7
1058.5

2.637
2.682
2.728
2.742

0.342
0.278
0.228
0.215

3.17
2.59
2.14
2.03

261
261
262
263

0.917
0.906
0.900
0.906

34.6
28.6
23.7
22.4

0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65

282
284
286
286
286
287

0.977
0.972
0.955
0.935
0.916
0.897

Glycerin [C3H5(OH)3]
273
280
290
300
310
320

1276.0
1271.9
1265.8
1259.9
1253.9
1247.2

2.261
2.298
2.367
2.427
2.490
2.564

1060
534
185
79.9
35.2
21.0

8310
4200
1460
634
281
168

85,000
43,200
15,300
6780
3060
1870

0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.50

app.qxd 6/27/02 10:16 Page 520

520

Heat Transfer Property Tables and Figures

Table HT-5 Thermophysical Properties of Saturated Water1

Temperature, T
(K)

cp,f

cp,g

f  106

g  106

kf  103

kg  103

Prf

Prg

Expansion
Coefficient,
f  106
(K1)

273.15
275
280
285
290

4.217
4.211
4.198
4.189
4.184

1.854
1.855
1.858
1.861
1.864

1750
1652
1422
1225
1080

8.02
8.09
8.29
8.49
8.69

569
574
582
590
598

18.2
18.3
18.6
18.9
19.3

12.99
12.22
10.26
8.81
7.56

0.815
0.817
0.825
0.833
0.841

68.05
32.74
46.04
114.1
174.0

295
300
305
310
315

4.181
4.179
4.178
4.178
4.179

1.868
1.872
1.877
1.882
1.888

959
855
769
695
631

8.89
9.09
9.29
9.49
9.69

606
613
620
628
634

19.5
19.6
20.1
20.4
20.7

6.62
5.83
5.20
4.62
4.16

0.849
0.857
0.865
0.873
0.883

227.5
276.1
320.6
361.9
400.4

320
325
330
335
340

4.180
4.182
4.184
4.186
4.188

1.895
1.903
1.911
1.920
1.930

577
528
489
453
420

9.89
10.09
10.29
10.49
10.69

640
645
650
656
660

21.0
21.3
21.7
22.0
22.3

3.77
3.42
3.15
2.88
2.66

0.894
0.901
0.908
0.916
0.925

436.7
471.2
504.0
535.5
566.0

345
350
355
360
365

4.191
4.195
4.199
4.203
4.209

1.941
1.954
1.968
1.983
1.999

389
365
343
324
306

10.89
11.09
11.29
11.49
11.69

665
668
671
674
677

22.6
23.0
23.3
23.7
24.1

2.45
2.29
2.14
2.02
1.91

0.933
0.942
0.951
0.960
0.969

595.4
624.2
652.3
697.9
707.1

370
373.15

4.214
4.217

2.017
2.029

289
279

11.89
12.02

679
680

24.5
24.8

1.80
1.76

0.978
0.984

728.7
750.1

Specific
Heat
(kJ/kg # K)

Viscosity
(N # s/m2)

See Table T-2 for specific volume, vf and vg.

Thermal
Conductivity
(W/m # K)

Prandtl
Number