Step 1 Formulating Hypothesis

H0: there is no relationship between commuting time and stress level

H1: H0 is false
Step 2 The contingency table of the observed frequency are
Commuting Time High Moderate Low total
<20 9 5 18 32
20-50 17 8 28 53
>50 18 6 7 31
total 44 19 53 116
step 3 the contingency table of expected frequency are
Commuting Time High Moderate Low total
<20 12.14 5.24 14.62 32.00
20-50 20.10 8.68 24.22 53.00
>50 11.76 5.08 14.16 31.00
total 44.00 19.00 53.00 116.00
step 4 arranging the observed & expected frequency in the following table to calculate the value of chi-square
O E O-E (O-E)
2
(O-E)
2
/E
9 12.14 -3.14 9.85 0.81
5 5.24 -0.24 0.06 0.01
18 14.62 3.38 11.42 0.78
17 20.10 -3.10 9.63 0.48
8 8.68 -0.68 0.46 0.05
28 24.22 3.78 14.32 0.59
18 11.76 6.24 38.95 3.31
6 5.08 0.92 0.85 0.17
7 14.16 -7.16 51.32 3.62

2
cal 9.83
step 5 = 0.01
df=(c-1)(r-1) 4

2
tab
(0.01,4) 13.27

2
cal
9.831141
step 6 Since
2
cal
<
2
tab
, so H:0 will be accepted
so we conclude that there is no relationship between computing time and stress level
Stress
Stress
arranging the observed & expected frequency in the following table to calculate the value of chi-square
Step 1
H0: there is no difference between observed results and expected result
H1: there is a difference
Ration is 4:3:2:1
step 2
category O E O-E (O-E)
2
(O-E)
2
/E
failed 220 200 20.00 400.00 2.00
3rd class 170 150 20.00 400.00 2.67
2nd class 90 100 -10.00 100.00 1.00
1st class 20 50 -30.00 900.00 18.00
500 500.00

2
cal 23.67
step 3 = 0.05
df=n-1 3

2
tab
(0.05,3) 7.81

2
cal
23.67
step 4 since 2cal > 2tab so H:0 will be rejected
so we conclude that there is a difference between observed results and expected results. i.e. observed results does not commensurate with general examination result
so we conclude that there is a difference between observed results and expected results. i.e. observed results does not commensurate with general examination result
Step 1
H0: there is no relationship between age group and movie appeal, they are independent of each other
H1: they are dependent on each other
Step 2 The contingency table of the observed frequency are
under 20 20-39 40-59 60& over total
liked 146 78 48 28 300
disliked 54 22 42 22 140
indifferent 20 10 10 20 60
220 110 100 70 500
step 3 the contingency table of expected frequency are
under 20 20-39 40-59 60& over total
liked 132 66 60 42 300
disliked 61.6 30.8 28 19.6 140
indifferent 26.4 13.2 12 8.4 60
220 110 100 70 500
step 4 arranging the observed & expected frequency in the following table to calculate the value of chi-square
O E O-E (O-E)
2
(O-E)
2
/E
9 12.14 -3.14 9.85 0.81
5 5.24 -0.24 0.06 0.01
18 14.62 3.38 11.42 0.78
17 20.10 -3.10 9.63 0.48
8 8.68 -0.68 0.46 0.05
28 24.22 3.78 14.32 0.59
18 11.76 6.24 38.95 3.31
6 5.08 0.92 0.85 0.17
7 14.16 -7.16 51.32 3.62

2
cal 9.83
step 5 = 0.01
df=(c-1)(r-1) 4

2
tab
(0.01,4) 13.27

2
cal
9.831141
step 6 Since
2
cal
<
2
tab
, so H:0 will be accepted
so we conclude that there is no relationship between computing time and stress level
arranging the observed & expected frequency in the following table to calculate the value of chi-square
Step 1
H
0
There is no relationship between computing time and stress level
h
1
There is a relationship between computing time and stress level
Step 2 The contigency table of the observed frequency are:
Stress
Commuting time High Moderate Low Total
<20 9 5 18 32
20-50 min 17 8 28 53
>50 min 18 6 7 31
Total 44 19 53 116
Step 3 The contigency table of the Expected Frequency are:
Stress
Commuting time High Moderate Low Total
<20 min 12.14 5.24 14.62 32
20-50 min 20.10 8.68 24.22 53
>50 min 11.76 5.08 14.16 31
Total 44 19 53 116
Step 4 arranging the observed & expected frequency in the following table to calculate the value of chi-square
O E O-E (O-E)
2
(O-E)
2
/E
9 12.14 -3.14 9.86 0.81
5 5.24 -0.24 0.06 0.01
18 14.62 3.38 11.42 0.78
17 20.1 -3.1 9.61 0.48
8 8.68 -0.68 0.46 0.05
28 24.22 3.78 14.29 0.59
18 11.76 6.24 38.94 3.31
6 5.08 0.92 0.85 0.17
7 14.16 -7.16 51.27 3.62

2
cal
9.82
Step 5 Alpha=0.01
df=(c-1)(r-1) 4

2
tab
(0.01,4) 13.27

2
cal
9.82
Step 6
2
cal
<
2
tab
, so H0 will be accepted
So, we conclude that there is no relationship between computing time and stress level.
arranging the observed & expected frequency in the following table to calculate the value of chi-square
So, we conclude that there is no relationship between computing time and stress level.
Step 1 Formulating hypothesis
H
0
H
1
Step 2 Category O E O-E (O-E)
2
(O-E)
2
/E
FAILED 220 200 20 400 2
THIRD CLASS 170 150 20 400 2.67
SECOND CLASS 90 100 -10 100 1
FIRST CLASS 20 50 -30 900 18
500 500
2
CAL
23.67
Step 3 =0.05
df=(n-1) 3

2
tab
(0.05,3) 7.81

2
cal
23.67
Step 4
There is no relationship between observed and expected result
There is a relationship between observed and expected result
Hence,we conclude that there is a relationship between observed and expected result.
Since
2
cal
>
2
tab
, so H
O
is rejected
Step 1 Formulating Hypothesis
H
0
There is a relationship between Observed and expected result
H1 There is no relationship between observed and expected result
Step 2 Day of the week No. of absentees (O) Expected O-E (O-E)
2
(O-E)2/E
Monday 66 60 6 36 0.6
Tuesday 57 60 -3 9 0.15
Wednesday 54 60 -6 36 0.6
Thursday 48 60 -12 144 2.4
Friday 75 60 15 225 3.75
300
2
cal
= 7.5
Step 3 =0.05
df=(n-1) 4

2
tab
(0.05,4) 9.48

2
cal
7.5
Step 4
So we can conclude that there is a relationship between observed and expected results.
Hence Ho is accepted because
2
cal
>
2
tab
.