QQ1074765680

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QQ1074765680

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Summary
The specification expounds the lathing-grinding processing
principle, takes Inner prop drum as an example in designing a
lathing-grinding device used in outer-circle processing of Inner
prop drum in details, and at last anatomizes the application scope
and economic value multiplied with other information of this
installation. The outer-circle processing of Inner prop drum
usually uses a working procedure, called LathingGrinding and so
forth. However, this device mentioned above adopts a new way named
Rolling processing, aiming at achieving the requests of coarseness
degree of outer-circle, improving the unobtainable characteristics
of the workpieces in the process of Cutting, such as hardness,
abrasive resistance as well as tarnish resistance and so on. The
precision finishing could come into effect as long as the engine
lathes are reconstructed and the tool holders on the splints are
exchanged with the Lathing-Grinding, which could apply to every
outer-circle surface processing and moreover make full use of it
with reference to those workpieces whose surface processing calls
for a higher demand. Almost every ecumenical manufacturer could
have the capability to produce suitable lathing-grinding devices
all by themselves, because this device, as technological equipment,
is of simple configuration.
Key words: Lathing-Grinding Outer-circle Roller Coarseness
degree

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t boring, low-intelligence, low-paying jobs.

Marshall Brain (yes, that's his name) founder of HowStuffWorks.com
has written a couple of interesting essays about robotics in the
future, well worth reading. He feels that it is quite plausible
that over the next 40 years robots will displace most human jobs.
According to Brain's projections, in his essay "Robotic Nation",
humanoid robots will be widely available by 2030. They will replace
jobs currently filled by people for work such as fast-food service,
housecleaning and retail sales. Unless ways are found to compensate
for these lost jobs, Brain estimates that more than 50% of
Americans could be unemployed by 2055 replaced by robots.

Intelligent robots will be everywhere

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The world of HAL and Data, of sentient machines, is fast
approaching. Indeed, in some ways it has already arrived as
humanlike machines increasingly take on the work of humans. As
processing power increases exponentially, and as MEMS technology
brings smaller and smarter sensors and actuators, robots are the
breeding ground for future-generation products with new, varied and
exciting applications.
Industrial robots
The vast majority of robots are used by the manufacturing industry,
for repetitive tasks such as painting auto-bodies and simple
assembly. Some 100,000 new robots were installed worldwide in 2000,
nearly half of them in Japan, the biggest user. There were nearly
800,000 industrial robots in existence at the end of 2002 and this
is likely to rise to almost 1 million by the end of 2004.
In the last decade the performance of robots has increased
radically while at the same time prices have been plummeting.
Today, manufacturing robots have a payback period as short as 1-2
years. In N. America, the price of robots relative to labor costs
have fallen to 26, and as low as 12 if quality improvements are
taken into consideration.
Sales of industrial robots have risen to record levels and there is
huge, untapped potential for domestic chores like mowing lawns and
vacuuming carpets.
New robot applications abound
As robot intelligence increases, and as sensors, actuators and
operating mechanisms become more sophisticated, other applications
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are now multiplying. There are now thousands of underwater robots,
demolition robots and even robots used in long-distance surgery.
Dozens of experimental search-and-rescue robots scoured the
wreckage of the World Trade Center's collapsed twin towers. Teams
of robotics experts were at Ground Zero operating experimental
robots to probe the rubble and locate bodies. During the war in
Afghanistan, robots were being used by the US military as tools for
combat. They were sent into caves, buildings or other dark areas
ahead of troops to help prevent casualties.
After the recent anthrax scares, work has been ongoing to replace
postal workers with robots. Indeed, there is huge potential to
mechanize the U.S. postal service and some 1,000 robots were
installed last year to sort parcels. The U.S. postal service has
estimated that it has the potential to use up to 80,000 robots for
sorting work, although existing models are not suitable for sorting
letters.
A giant walking robot is used to harvests forests, moving on six
articulated legs, advancing forward and backward, sideways and
diagonally. It can also turn in place and step over obstacles.
At UC Berkeley, a tiny robot called Micromechanical Flying Insect
has wings that flap with a rhythm and precision matched only by
natural equivalents. The goal is to develop tiny, nimble devices
that can, for example, surreptitiously spy on enemy troops, explore
the surface of Mars or safely monitor dangerous chemical spills.
A big increase is predicted for domestic robots for vacuum cleaning
and lawn mowing. Robots to do these chores are practical today. An
inexpensive house-cleaning robot was recently introduced a little
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battery-powered vacuum cleaner that scurries around the floor,
sweeping up dust and dirt as it travels. Called Roomba, it costs
just $199 and, by all accounts, is selling very well.
Rodney Brooks ?iRobot
Roomba is made by Massachusetts-based iRobot, one of many companies
planning to launch a host of new robots over the next few years.
New robotics products that will soon be introduced include
autonomous floor cleaners and industrial tools built to do boring,
dirty and dangerous work like inspecting oil wells. Of course,
autonomous oil well inspectors aren't as thrilling as the robotic
servants that some visionaries have predicted. But robotics and
artificial intelligence are working their way into everyday life,
albeit in less dramatic ways.
Rodney Brooks, Director of the MIT Artificial Intelligence
Laboratory and Chairman of iRobot Corporation, has been involved in
this transformation for decades. His latest book "Flesh & Machines"
explores many themes related to life with robots. The book centers
on Brooks' own passion for creating what he calls "situated
creatures" which we can eventually regard as our teachers and
companions.
Brooks' MIT A.I. Lab is filled with robotic machines, from
mechanical legs to humanoids that use human-like expressions and
gestures as intuitive human-robot interfaces ?something Brooks
believes will be critical to people accepting robots in their
lives. The first generation of relatively mundane versions of these
machines is already marching out of the lab.

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Rodney Brooks has a vision of a post-PC future in which sensors and
microprocessors are wired into cars, offices and homes and carried
in shirt pockets to retrieve information, communicate and do
various tasks through speech and gesture interfaces. He insists
that the age of smart, mobile machines is already beginning. You
just have to know where to find them in oil wells, medical labs,
financial services and construction companies.
Military & defense applications
Now iRobot has a US Defense contract to build a robot, about the
size of a suitcase, which can climb stairs, crawl over ditches,
survive three-story falls. Instead of carrying bombs, this robot
has eyes and ears, transmitting what it sees and hears over a
wireless link. This is a "Packbot" which can be thrown into a
vehicle and then hurled through windows of buildings where the
enemy may have hostages.
In general, robotic systems are of great interest to the Department
of Defense because they offer the ability to perform military
actions at greater stand-off distances, allow dangerous missions to
be performed with minimal risk to people.
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is the
central research and development organization for the Dept. of
Defense. The DARPA "Distributed Robotics Program" seeks to work
with qualified companies to develop tiny, biologically-inspired
robot designs and new methods of robot control for military
applications. DARPA is particularly interested in micro-miniature
robots because they can be produced at relatively low unit cost and
offer unique mission advantages. They can be carried and deployed
by individuals and small teams to augment human capability, perform
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hazardous missions, and accomplish tasks that previously could not
be unimagined.
Potential applications include surveillance, reconnaissance, path
finding, deception, weapon delivery, and small-scale actuation. For
minefield detection, small sensors are mounted on hopping robots.
Small robots can be sent into city pipelines for intelligence
gathering. Robots used in large numbers can be used as decoys.
Extremely small robots might be injected into small spaces to pick
door locks.
Because micro robots are similar to small animals and insects,
biologically inspired designs (jumping, climbing, crawling,
slithering, etc.) coupled with the use of MEMS and smart materials
offer possibilities for novel and unique locomotion mechanisms.
MEMS technology enables the integration of mechanical and
electronic functions on a single silicon chip. Advanced
microelectronic packaging using multi-chip modules and
incorporating mixed signal electronics allows development of new
ideas, integrating robotic form and function.
Robots for military applications can either be fully controlled by
humans, semi-autonomously controlled, or operate autonomously. To
allow miniature robots to perform for extended periods of time in
varied environments, innovative methods are needed to reduce power
requirements, regulate energy use and provide rapid recharging.
Robotics ?an exciting new development arena
The typical Automation techie has knowledge and experience in
instruments, PLCs, computers, displays, controls, sensors, valves,
actuators, data-transmission, wireless, networking, etc. These are
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exactly the key requirements for development of robots and robotic
systems. During this time of economic recession, Robotics can
surely be a new arena of exciting and rewarding business
development.