772

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE.
Boob. II.
2286. Founder, Smith, and Ironmonger.
Air bricks of casl iron, single or double, and fixed in the brickwork of the outside
walls, for the vontiLition of the floors; also air gratings, . . . iu number, 9 inches
square.
Afca, gratings.Of cat.t iron, with bars
1|
inch by
|
of an inch, and not more than
l^inch apart. Frames
1^
inch by 1 inch, and with strong flanges to let into the
surroundini< stonework, and properly fixed.
Window guards, of wrought iron to the windows of. . . ,
and . . . Lars, to be 1 inch
square and 4 inches apart, with framework of iron of the same substance, and let
well into and securely fixed to the brickwork in cement.
Coal 2)laies of cast iron, with proper fastenings, to be provided to the coal shoot.
Hayward's patent self-locking plate is one of the new patents.
Cast iro}i ornamental railing, to the windows, or to the balcony in front of the house,
as the case may be, according to the drawings, or selected from a manufacturer.
Traps of cast iron, or stoneware, to all communications of surface water with drains,
to be of appropriate size, with all gully gratings that may be necessary.
Brains to roads or 'paths to be of unglazed earthenware pipes, in 2-feet lengths, of a
. . . inch bore, laid to a fall of . . . inches in each 100 feet into . . . ,
with all neces-
sary bends, junctions, &c. Iron gully trap or glazed stoneware trap, or traps,
jointed as drains.
The Kitchener apparatus for cooking must be specially named
;
and in large man-
sions many modern conveniences are required to be specified. The Carron Com-
pany have issued
(1887) a book of appliances of various sizes.
Copper.A copper, . . . inches diameter (or cubical quantity), of copper, or of gal-
vanized iron, with all requisite bars and iron work.
Stable fittings. No. . . . cast iron hay-racks, 3 feet wide and 2 feet high in the clear.
I^-inch round staves, about 3 inches apart, the frames 1|- by
f
of an inch, with
the ax-ris rounded off next the staves. Fix two manger rings in each stall.
Cast iron coping to the walls of the dung-pit
^
of an inch thick, and returned on each
side 4 inches down at the least.
Cast iron gratings to stable yards are usually described as of the weight of 1 cwt.
Church and Chapel work. The founder's, smith's, and ironmonger's work is so de-
pendent on the design, that no general instructions can be given.
Cast iron saddle bars to the windows
g
by
IJ
inch (or ^-inch square), 12 inches
longer than the clear width of each window, with lead lights, laid into and worked
up with the brickwork, at the height shown on the drawings, to be fixed on an aver-
age ] 2 inches apart.
Each window to have wrought iron framework for a hopper casement, to be fitted up
complete, with patent lines, brass pulleys, and all other requisite appurteninces.
Or the hoppers may rest on the sill, and be hinged next to it, so that when closed the
exterior glazing may be flush, and to be fitted with opening racks and fastenings.
To outside of windows, where necessary, fix 1-inch square stanchions, not more than
6 inches apart, with ornamental heads forged to drawing, let into (frames or) stone
sill at bottom, and passed through saddle bars with mortises formed thereon.
For church windows with tracery heads, provide and build in across the springing of
the arch of all windows of 3 lights and upwards, wrought iron bars 2 inches by
;J-inch, corked, and well turned up 2 feet Irom jambs, on each side ; these bars to
be well galvanized, and fixed with play for expansion or strain, in notches through
the mullions.
All straps, bolts, nuts, and washers for the various roofs. Where visible, the straps
are to be worked to detail drawings
;
and the washers and nuts to be notched and
stamped as directed.
Wrought (or cast) iron vanes, crosses, ridge cresting, guards to areas, balconies, &c.,
according to drawings ; all to be securely fixed
;
the vanes and gable crosses to
have stems as long as possible, and to be leaded into the stone or screwed to the
roof timbers, as the case may be.
Ornamental wrought iron hinges, latches, key-p]ates, closing rings, iScc., on doors, all
to be strictly worked according to detail drawings.
Ornamental grating of cast iron to pattern, to cover hot water pipe channels in floors.
Cast iron rain-water pipe.To be
2^, 3, 3^,, 4, A\. 6 or 6 inches diameter, fixed from
the roof into the drain, with proptr head and shoe, ears or bands, &c., complete.
Eaves gutter.All overhanging eaves to have a 4-inch cast iron eaves gutter, wiih
all necessary angle pieces, valley pans to internal angles, swau-nccks, and socket
pipes cast on the gutter to lead into heads of rain-water pipes. The gutters to be
fixed on strong wrought iron brackets screwed to the feet of the rafters, and the