Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1343 1349

1878-0296 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Conference ESIAT2011 Organization Committee.
doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2011.09.215
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

Sciences
Procedia Environmental Sciences 00 (2011) 000000
www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

The Design of Parallel Combination for Cam Mechanism
LI Faxin
1,a
, FENG Xianzhang
1,a

1
School of Mechatronics Engineering, Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management, Zhengzhou, China
a
phdfxz@163.com

Abstract
This is a combined design of type of parallel mechanism, which is used to realize arbitrary trajectories by the
combination of cams mechanism. The combined cams mechanism and the method of using analysis to design it, and
establishes cams mathematical expression through analysis method. Then can show the opposite moving relation
between input component and output component, in order to design moving tracks and cams outline. Also designs
systems total flow chart. Illustrates arbitrary moving tracks combined organizations program design and method, the
result of programs execution and so on through combine program and interface method. uses animated imitation to
test and verify the designs result. The whole programs process holds mechanical innovation as its foundation, it take
the VB as a developing platform. Adopting module design to realize arbitrary trajectories, the designs result achieves
the desired results.

2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords: Simulation technology; Parallel combination; Arbitrary trajectories; Cam mechanism; Mechanism Design
Introduction
With the development of the mechanization and automation of the production processing. It is the higher
demand of the characteristics of movement of bodies and power for output of the mechanism, but the single
basic mechanism has some limitations, it can not meet certain performance requirements, more and more
demanding requirements of movement trajectory of mechanism in the project, such as the control
mechanism, compound feed mechanism etc. Because of the reasons of design, processing and installation
etc. On many occasions, the equipment can not be fully realized designers intent, People have to adopt the
approximate the trajectory. The demand for high precision, complex movement is getting more and more,
with the continuously progress of machining capacity. Especially in the processing of some small and
sophisticated components, this job will require very precise trajectory of the cutting tools. So there are the
urgent requirements of the realization movement trajectory for the mechanism design. Therefore, it is
2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Conference
ESIAT2011 Organization Committee.
2011 3rd International Conference on Environmental
Science and Information Application Technology (ESIAT 2011)
1344 LI Faxin and FENG Xianzhang / Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1343 1349
urgent task of enhancement the mechanical innovation and accelerates the pace of innovation machinery to
meet the needs of our daily processing for the machinery industry. [1-5]
The basic mechanism generally includes connecting rod, cam, gear, intermittent, etc. Although these
basic mechanisms are very broad for the application, but they all have also some limitations, for example.
Linkage mechanism must be to solve the balancing problem for the high-speed running, some special law
of motion with a single linkage is also difficult to achieve. The cam mechanism can receive the arbitrary
law of motion, but the trip is not adjustable. The gear mechanism has good characteristics of movement and
dynamic, but the mode of motion is simple. Ratchet mechanism, geneva Mechanism and other intermittent
are not ideal characteristics of kinematic and dynamic, with the inevitable shock, vibration, and fluctuations
in velocity and acceleration, etc. To solve these problems, the need for innovative design, full use of the
good performance of the basic institutions, improve their bad characteristics.
The mechanism innovative is many ways, composition, evolution and variation, tectonic movement
chain, and regeneration, etc. Which the combination theory can usually meet the requirements of trajectory,
but also has good movement and dynamic characteristics, and make up for the shortcomings of a single
mechanism. The mechanism characteristic can be more perfect, more diverse forms of movement after
combination. [6]
Combination mechanism
Combination mechanism can be divided into series connection, parallel, composite and stacking
combination, etc. which parallel combination mechanism can constitute a new type with two or more
parallel arrangement, composite combination mechanism can also constitute a new type with a two degrees
of freedom and an additional by the method of parallel arrangement. Usually it can utilize the commonly
method to realize motion trajectories, with combination of different types. [7]
type of parallel combination: The principle of parallel mechanism combination is the basic institutions
of two or more parallel arrangement, the basic mechanism has its own input, an output component. This is
equivalent to the synthesis of movement, its main function is to t the output component form of supplement,
strengthen and improve, etc. The diagram of pass the following of motion is shown in Fig 1.

B
A

Fig. 1 Transmission diagram of parallel combination mechanism for I type
type of parallel combination : It has the common basic structure of each input and output components
for the type, it can separate one movement into two movements, then make the two movements into one
to out of movement. Its main functions are similar with the parallel combination of type , to change the
output state and trajectory of motion. Also can improve stress state agencies, improve their own balancing.
The diagram of pass the following of motion is shown in Fig 2.
1345 LI Faxin and FENG Xianzhang / Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1343 1349
A
B

Fig.2 Transmission diagram of parallel combination mechanism for type
type of parallel combination : Mechanisms have the common input, but have their own output, it can
separate one movement into two movements, Its main function achieve the two movement output, which
the two movements joint function each other to complete the more complicated process action. The
diagram of pass the following of motion is shown in Fig 3.

B
A

Fig.3 Transmission diagram of parallel combination mechanism for type
Composite mechanisms of combination
This is a kind of combination modus with two degrees of freedom A and B hen an additional mechanism.
This is a more complex combination type, the basic bodies have movements of the two inputs, one from
body structures, and the other from the additional mechanism. There are two cases from the additional input,
one is the body with additional components and access; the other is connected back through additional
mechanism. [8-9]
The type of parallel: Taking the component from the mechanism of based and additional into parallel
connection, and also taking the linkages linked from them into parallel connection, one of linkages linked
as input, then another linkage linked of basic component as output, the diagram of motion transfer is shown
in Fig 4.
A
B

Fig.4 Transmission diagram of parallel join of combination mechanism
1346 LI Faxin and FENG Xianzhang / Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1343 1349
The two linkages linked join with the parallel manner from components of the basic and additional, the
other the linkages linked let the motion loop join the basic component to the components with complex
motion. The diagram of motion transfer is shown in Fig 5.

B
A

Fig.5 Transmission diagram of loop join of combination mechanism
Case Study
Building equation: There are two cams to complete the movement in a certain direction, the cam 1 complete
the movement in X direction, the cam 2 completes the movement in Y direction. First respectively designed
the two basic cams, then the combination cam mechanism can realize the purpose of any trajectory by the
coordinating activities. The schematic diagram of straight moving follower disc cam is shown in Fig 6.


Fig.6 The schematic diagram of straight moving follower disc cam

As shown the Fig 6. In the Cartesian coordinates, the coordinates of the point in the cam profile can
express as:

1347 LI Faxin and FENG Xianzhang / Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1343 1349
| | cos sin ) (
0
+ + = + = s s KH KN x

| | sin cos ) (
0
+ + = + = s s BH BN y (1)

Where, e is eccentricity,
2 2
0
e r s
b
+ =

Because of the cam 1 and cam 2 is disc cam of linear motion along the axis, and then:

0 = e

b
r s =
0
(2)

Therefore, the above equation can be written as

| sin ) ( s r x
b
+ =

| cos ) ( s r y
b
+ = (3)

Consider the impact roller; the equation of the actual profile is follow.

| cos
r
r x X =

| sin
r
r y Y = (4)

Where
r
r is the roller radius, the symbol negative is the internal offset curves, the symbol positive is the
external offset curves.
The u can gain from:

+ + =
+ + =
= =
o o
o o
o o
o o
o
o
u
sin ) ( cos ) (
cos ) ( sin ) (
/
/
0
0
s s e
d
ds
d
dy
s s e
d
ds
d
dx
d dy
d dx
dy
dx
tg
(5)

It not only can greatly improve the design speed, accuracy and design automation design, but also apply
the simulation technology and modeling technology to analyze three-dimensional dynamic, by the parallel
composite design of the cam mechanism. The cam base circle radius of 1, 2 and the corresponding
coordinates of points is shown in Fig 7.
1348 LI Faxin and FENG Xianzhang / Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1343 1349

Star
Display
X array Y array
The first array 10 15
The second amay 10 15
The thied array 10 15
The foueth array 10 15
The fifth array 10 15
Camradins
Cam 1 Cam 2
100 100
Cam 1
X coordinate Y coordinate
The first point 100 -1.071796E-05
The second point -80.9017 58.77853
The third point -80.9017 -58.77852
The fourth point 30.90169 -95.10565
The fifth point 100 -1.071796E-05
Cam 2
\ ood`uut Y ood`uut
The first point 900 -1.071796E-05
The second point 719.0983 58.77853
The third point 719.0983 58.77852
The fourth point 830.9017 -95.10565
The fifth point 900 -1.071796E-05
Display window

Fig.7 Data display window
Click the start button can enter the interface window of animation, to continue the animation, and then
click this button. To exit the animation interface, click exit. It is the all simulation process.
Summary
The design take type of parallel combination of the mechanical of innovation system as theoretical basis,
base on the development platform of VB language, it can realize dynamic simulation for the cam
mechanism by the compile program, the building system can gain the parametric design and motion
simulation of arbitrary trajectories of cam mechanism.
Acknowledgment
Acknowledgment: This work is partially supported by supported by the Assistance Scheme of Young
Backbone Teachers of Henan Province Colleges and Universities (2010GGJS-147), the research is
supported by Science and Technique Foundation of Henan Province (092102210272, 102102210152);
Science and Technique Foundation of Office of Education of Henan Province (2010A450001). The
National Natural and Science Foundation of China (50905168).
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