CEEEEEE

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sg

39
+9'8#;(7 D*')$',#;/ <+=

+F+ 6)'7#8 2342
4 1he enLhalpy changes lnvolvlng some oxldes of nlLrogen are glven below:

n
2
(g) + C
2
(g) - 2nC(g) A? = +180 k! mol
-1

2nC
2
(g) +
1
2
C
2
(g) - n
2
C
3
(g) A? = -33 k! mol
-1
n
2
(g) +
3
2
C
2
(g) - n
2
C
3
(g) A? = +11 k! mol
-1

WhaL ls Lhe enLhalpy change, ln k! mol
-1
, of Lhe followlng reacLlon?

2nC(g) + C
2
(g) - 2nC
2
(g)

G -233 B -123 + -114 H -37

+F+ 6)'7#8 2342
2 1he 1hermlL 8eacLlon lnvolves mlxlng lron(lll) oxlde wlLh alumlnlum powder ln a
cruclble, wlLh a sulLable fuse Lo sLarL Lhe reacLlon. 1he reacLlon ls as follows:

le
2
C
3
(s) + 2A$(s) - A$
2
C
3
(s) + 2le(l)

1he fuse ls flrsL lgnlLed, where lL wlll burn ln oxygen, formlng Lhe oxlde wlLh a
large release of heaL requlred for Lhe 1hermlL reacLlon Lo Lake place. 1he
commonly used maLerlal for Lhe fuse ls a clean magneslum sLrlp.

Whlch of Lhe followlng does *0, help Lo explaln why a sLrlp of magneslum ls
sulLable Lo be used as a fuse?

G 1he large amounL of heaL energy released on lgnlLlng Lhe fuse enables Lhe
reacLanLs Lo overcome Lhe hlgh acLlvaLlon energy lnvolved.
B Magneslum removes Lhe Lhln layer of oxlde on alumlnlum, Lhus allowlng
alumlnlum Lo reacL wlLh Lhe lron(lll) oxlde.
+ 1he numerlcal value of Lhe enLhalpy change of formaLlon of magneslum oxlde
ls very large.
H 1he sLrlp lncreases Lhe surface area for magneslum Lo reacL wlLh Lhe oxygen
aL a fasLer raLe.

CHEMICAL ENERGETICS MCQ
Complled by 1wlg Learnlng CenLer Le LLd (!C ChemlsLry SpeclallsL!) - www.Lwlg.com.sg

40
+F+ 6)'7#8 2342
J When a preclplLaLe ls formed, A@
ppL
o
, ln ! mol
-1
, ls glven by Lhe followlng expresslon

A@
ppL
o
= 2.303A8log B
sp

uaLa abouL Ag8r ls as follows:
B
sp
(Ag8r) = 3.010
-13
mol
2
dm
-6
, A?
ppL
o
= -84.4 k! mol
-1

WhaL ls Lhe AC
ppL
o
, ln ! mol
-1
k
-1
, for Lhe formaLlon of Ag8r(s) aL 298 k?

G - 47.8 B - 0.0478 + +0.0478 H +47.8

+F+ 6)'7#8 2342
5 1he secondary sLrucLure of unA ls Lhe double hellx. 1he formaLlon of Lhe double
hellx lnvolves Lwo unA chalns, where one has Lhe bases Adenlne (A) and Cuanlne
(C), lnLeracLlng wlLh Lhe bases 1hymlne (1) and CyLoslne (C) on Lhe oLher chaln as
shown below:

1he Lwo chalns coll LogeLher ln a hellcal fashlon, and Lhls process ls an example of
self-assembly. WhaL are Lhe correcL slgns of A? and AC for Lhe formaLlon of Lhe
double hellx?

bL bM
G - -
B - +
+ + -
H + +

41
<I 6)'7#8 2342
N 8,' 6&' )* +,' -.+. /))0$'+ 1& 2'$'3.4+ +) +,1& 56'&+1)47

hosphorus,
4
, has Lhe followlng molecular sLrucLure:
lmaglne LhaL nlLrogen were Lo form a slmllar molecule n
4
shown ln Lhe reacLlon
below: 2n
2
(g) " n
4
(g)

WhaL would be Lhe value of A? (ln k! mol
-1
) for Lhe above reacLlon?

G 1028 B 1348 + 1934 H 2628

<F+ 6)'7#8 2342
O Llquld D has an &P
'
of vapourlsaLlon of +10.0 k! mol
%
1
and a bolllng polnL of
266 k. WhaL ls Lhe &S
'
of condensaLlon of vapour D?

G -26.6 ! mol
%
1
k
%
1
B -37.6 ! mol
%
1
k
%
1

+ +26.6 ! mol
%
1
k
%
1
H +37.6 ! mol
%
1
k
%
1

<F+ 6)'7#8 2342
Q Whlch of Lhe followlng has an exoLhermlc enLhalpy change?

G Ca (g) " Ca
2+
(g) + 2e
B CaC (s) " Ca
2+
(g) + C
2-
(g)
+ xC
2
(g) " C (g)
H C (g) + e " C
-
(g)

-KLM 6)'7#8 2342
R %&' )* +,' -.+. /))0$'+ 1& 2'$'3.4+ +) +,1& 56'&+1)47
1he enLhalpy changes for Lhree reacLlons are glven below:

na(s) " na(g) &P
1
= +107 k! mol
-1

P
+
(aq) + CP
-
(aq) " P
2
C(l) &P
2
= -38 k! mol
-1

2na
+
(g) + 2P
+
(aq) + 2e
-
" 2na
+
(aq) + P
2
(g) &P
3
= -1700 k! mol
-1

WhaL ls Lhe enLhalpy change for Lhe followlng reacLlon?

na(s) + P
2
C(l) " na
+
(aq) + CP
-
(aq) + xP
2
(g)

G -191 k! mol
-1
B -307 k! mol
-1

+ -683 k! mol
-1
H -1041 k! mol
-1


42
-KLM 6)'7#8 2342
S 1he bond dlssoclaLlon energy of P-C$ ls 431 k! mol
-1
. ln whlch of Lhe followlng
processes ls 431 k! of energy released?

G PC$(g) " P(g) + C$(g)
B P(g) + C$(g) " PC$(g)
+ PC$(g) " xP
2
(g) + xC$
2
(g)
H xP
2
(g) + xC$
2
(g) " PC$(g)

PF+ 6)'7#8 2342
43 lnsLanL 'heaL packs' are composed of a supersaLuraLed soluLlon of sodlum
aceLaLe and a small flaL dlsc of lron meLal embedded ln Lhe llquld. resslng Lhe
dlsc releases very Llny crysLals of sodlum aceLaLe lnLo Lhe soluLlon whlch Lhen acL
as nucleaLlon slLes for Lhe recrysLalllsaLlon of Lhe remalnder of Lhe salL soluLlon.

Whlch of Lhe followlng reflecLs Lhe correcL slgns of b+, b, and b- for Lhe overall
process of Lhe reacLlon?

bL bM bC
G + - +
B + + -
+ - + -
H - - -

GF+ 6)'7#8 2342
44 SoluLlons of hydrogencarbonaLes can reacL wlLh aclds as follows.

PCC
3
-
(aq) + P
+
(aq) P
2
C(l) + CC
2
(g) &?
o
= +12.7 k! mol
-1

Clven Lhe followlng enLhalpy changes:

/>';#'/ &+ ? aF 807
]4

P
2
C(l) -283.8
CC
2
(g) -393.3
PCC
3
-
(aq) -692.0

WhaL ls Lhe sLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon of P
+
(aq)?

G -23.4 k! mol
-1
B 0.0 k! mol
-1
+ +23.4 k! mol
-1
H +1384 k! mol
-1

!
f

43
GF+ 6)'7#8 2342
42 1he Clbbs free energy change of a sysLem deLermlnes wheLher a reacLlon ls
sponLaneous, whlle Lhe equlllbrlum consLanL lndlcaLes Lhe exLenL of reacLlon.

WhaL does Lhe followlng palr of values for a reacLlon sysLem lndlcaLe?

."/012
&- -30.8
3
;
3.80 x 10
8

s
G no reacLlon
B oslLlon of equlllbrlum lles Lo Lhe lefL
+ Some exLenL of reacLlon
H 8eacLlon goes Lo compleLlon

!F+ 6)'7#8 2342
4J ln a blasL furnace, carbon or carbon monoxlde can be used Lo reduce lron(lll) oxlde.
le
2
C
3
(s) +
3
2
C(s) - 2le(s) +
3
2
CC
2
(g) A? = +234 k! mol
-1

le
2
C
3
(s) + 3CC(g) - 2le(s) + 3CC
2
(g) A? = -24.8 k! mol
-1

Carbon monoxlde can be formed by Lhe followlng reacLlon.

C(s) + CC
2
(g) - 2CC(g) A?
D

WhaL ls Lhe value of A?
D
?

G +86.3 k! mol
-1

B +139.3 k! mol
-1

+ +172.3 k! mol
-1

H +238.8 k! mol
-1

!F+ 6)'7#8 2342
45 Whlch of Lhe followlng reacLlons shows a poslLlve change ln enLropy?
[Assume LhaL all measuremenLs are Laken aL 298 k and 1 aLm pressure.]

G n
2
C(g) ! n
2
(g) + xC
2
(g)
B le(s) + S(s) ! leS(s)
+ Ca(s) + xC
2
(g) ! CaC(s)
H C
3
P
6
(g) + P
2
(g) ! C
3
P
8
(g)

!
f

44
HLM 6)'7#8 2342
4N A sLudenL used Lhe seL-up below Lo heaL a can conLalnlng 300 g of waLer.

1he followlng daLa were recorded:

mass of propan-1-ol burnL = E g
change ln LemperaLure of waLer = &8 C
Clven LhaL:
relaLlve molecular mass of propan-1-ol = 60.0
enLhalpy change of combusLlon of propan-1-ol = -2021 k! mol
-1

speclflc heaL capaclLy of waLer = F ! g
-1
k
-1

WhaL ls Lhe efflclency of Lhls heaLlng process?

G E x 2021 x 1000
300 x F x A8 x 60.0
x 100
B E x F x A8 x 60.0
300 x 2021 x 1000
x 100
+ 300 x F x A8 x 60.0
E x 2021
x 100
H 300 x F x A8 x 60.0
E x 2021 x 1000
x 100

HLM 6)'7#8 2342
4O Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs besL explalns why calclum and chlorlne form
CaCl
2
raLher Lhan CaCl?

G Less energy ls requlred Lo remove one elecLron from Lhe calclum aLom Lhan
Lo remove Lwo elecLrons.
B More energy ls released ln formlng chlorlde lons from chlorlne molecules ln
Lhe formaLlon of CaCl
2
(s) Lhan ln Lhe formaLlon of CaCl(s).
+ 1he laLLlce energy of CaCl(s) ls less exoLhermlc Lhan LhaL of CaCl
2
(s).
H When CaCl(s) ls formed from lLs elemenLs, more energy ls released Lhan when
CaCl
2
(s) ls formed from lLs elemenLs.

43
HLM 6)'7#8 2342
4Q An exoLhermlc chemlcal reacLlon proceeds by Lwo sLages.

&+.G' 1 &+.G' 2
reacLanLs

lnLermedlaLe

producLs

1he acLlvaLlon energy of sLage 1 ls 30 k! mol
-1
. 1he overall enLhalpy change of
reacLlon ls -100 k! mol
-1
.

Whlch dlagram could represenL Lhe energy level dlagram for Lhe reacLlon?

G

B

+

H

L+I 6)'7#8 2342
4R 1he sLandard enLhalpy change and sLandard enLropy change of vaporlsaLlon
of a compound are +23.33 k! mol
-1
and +97.41 ! k
-1
mol
-1
respecLlvely.

WhaL ls Lhe bolllng polnL of Lhe compound?

G -272.8 C B -33.3 C + 0.240 C H 239.7 C

-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
reactants
products
progress of reaction
-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
reactants
products
-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
reactants
products
-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
reactants
products

46
L+I 6)'7#8 2342
4S 1he converslon of carbon dloxlde and waLer Lo glucose and oxygen ls noL
energeLlcally feaslble.
6CC
2
(g) + 6P
2
C(l) " C
6
P
12
C
6
(aq) + 6C
2
(g) &@ = +2867 k! mol
-1

ln planLs, Lhls reacLlon may be coupled Lo Lhe hydrolysls of adenoslne
LrlphosphaLe (A1) Lo adenoslne dlphosphaLe (Au) and Lhe oxldaLlon of Lhe
nAuP cofacLor Lo nAu
+
. 1he overall reacLlon may be represenLed by:

Clven Lhe &@ values for Lhe followlng reacLlons:

WhaL ls &@
rxn
?

A1(aq) + P
2
C(l) " Au(aq) +
l
(aq) &@ = -30.3 k! mol
-1
nAu
+
(aq) + P
2
C(l) " nAuP(aq) + P
+
(aq) + xC
2
(g) &@ = +220 k! mol
-1
G -6036 k! mol
-1
B -322 k! mol
-1

+ +2617 k! mol
-1
H +4938 k! mol
-1

IF+ 6)'7#8 2342
23 SLronLlum hydrlde ls an lonlc compound. 1he sLandard enLhalpy changes, &?
1

and &?
2
are known.
Sr(s) " Sr
2+
(g) + 2e
-
&?
1

P
2
(g) + 2e
-
" 2P
-
(g) &?
2

WhaL addlLlonal daLa ls needed Lo deLermlne Lhe laLLlce energy of sLronLlum
hydrlde?

G 1he flrsL lonlsaLlon energy of hydrogen.
B 1he sLandard enLhalpy change of aLomlsaLlon of hydrogen.
+ 1he sLandard enLhalpy change of aLomlsaLlon of sLronLlum.
H 1he sLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon of sLronLlum hydrlde.

47
FF+ 6)'7#8 2342
24 1he equaLlon below represenLs Lhe reacLlon of gaseous aLoms of non-meLal ?
and of hydrogen Lo form gaseous ?
2
P
6
molecules.

2?(g) + 6P(g) " ?
2
P
6
(g) &? = -2773 k! mol
%
1

1he bond energy of an P%? bond ls 393 k! mol
%
1
.

WhaL ls Lhe bond energy of a ?%? bond?

G -403.0 k! mol
%
1
B -202.3 k! mol
%
1

+ +202.3 k! mol
%
1
H +403.0 k! mol
%
1

FF+ 6)'7#8 2342
22 Pydrogen peroxlde slowly decomposes lnLo waLer and oxygen.

2P
2
C
2
($) ! 2P
2
C($) + C
2
(g)

Clven LhaL Lhe sLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon of P
2
C
2
($) ls -188 k! mol
-1

and sLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon of P
2
C($) ls -286 k! mol
-1
, calculaLe
Lhe enLhalpy change of Lhls decomposlLlon.

G -98 k! mol
-1
B -196 k! mol
-1

+ +98 k! mol
-1
H +300 k! mol
-1

YF+ 6)'7#8 2342
2J Pess's Law can be used Lo calculaLe Lhe average C-P bond energy ln meLhane.
&P
o
aL
= sLandard enLhalpy change of aLomlsaLlon
&P
o
f
= sLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon
&P
o
c
= sLandard enLhalpy change of combusLlon

Whlch values of Lhe followlng daLa are needed ln order Lo perform Lhe
calculaLlon?

G &P
o
c
(C), &P
o
c
(P
2
), &P
o
c
(CP
4
)
B &P
o
aL
(C), &P
o
aL
(P
2
), &P
o
f
(CP
4
)
+ &P
o
c
(C), &P
o
c
(P
2
), &P
o
f
(CP
4
)
H &P
o
f
(CP
4
) only as &P
o
f
(C) and &P
o
f
(P
2
) are deflned as zero.


48
YF+ 6)'7#8 2342
25 Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs abouL Lhe sponLanelLy of Lhe gas-phase
reacLlon shown ls Lrue aL 23 C?
2 C=n-Cl(g) " 2 n=C(g) + Cl
2
(g)

G 1he reacLlon cannoL be sponLaneous.
B 1he reacLlon wlll be sponLaneous regardless of Lhe magnlLude of &P and &S.
+ 1he reacLlon wlll be sponLaneous only lf Lhe magnlLude of &P ls large enough
Lo overcome Lhe unfavorable enLropy change.
H 1he reacLlon wlll be sponLaneous only lf Lhe magnlLude of &S ls large enough
Lo overcome Lhe unfavorable enLhalpy change.

YPF+ 6)'7#8 2342

CuesLlons 2N and 2O refer Lo Lhe CxC" reacLlon shown below.

1he CxC" reacLlon shown below ls lndusLrlally lmporLanL for maklng
alcohols, aldehydes and carboxyllc aclds. lor example, buLanal can be
synLheslsed from propene, C
3
P
6
, accordlng Lo Lhe followlng scheme. lL can
Lhen be converLed Lo buLan-1-ol and buLanolc acld.

CP
3
CP=CP
2
(g) + CC(g) + P
2
(g) " CP
3
CP
2
CP
2
CPC(g)
propene buLanal

2N 1he value of &C for Lhls reacLlon ls negaLlve. WhaL ls Lhe slgn of &S and &P for
Lhe above reacLlon?

&S &P
G + +
B + -
+ - +
H - -

2O use of Lhe uaLa 8ookleL ls relevanL Lo Lhls quesLlon.
1aklng Lhe bond energy for Lhe C!C bond ln carbon monoxlde Lo be 1077 k!
mol
-1
and uslng oLher approprlaLe bond energles, whaL ls Lhe numerlcal value
of uP for Lhe above CxC" reacLlon?

G 137 k! mol
-1
B 213 k! mol
-1

+ 373 k! mol
-1
H 623 k! mol
-1


49
6F+ 6)'7#8 2342
2Q 1ravellers Lo counLrles wlLh cold cllmaLe may someLlmes use heaL packs Lo keep
warm. Cne example ls Lhe sodlum eLhanoaLe heaL pack. 1hls conslsLs of a
supersaLuraLed soluLlon of sodlum eLhanoaLe and a small meLal dlsc conLalnlng
very small crysLals of sodlum eLhanoaLe.

When Lhe dlsc ls broken, Lhe small crysLals of sodlum eLhanoaLe are released lnLo
Lhe soluLlon and acL as nucleaLlon slLes Lo caLalyse Lhe crysLalllsaLlon reacLlon of
sodlum eLhanoaLe.

Whlch llne glves Lhe slgns of AP, AS and AC for Lhe overall process?

bL bM bC
G - - -
B - - +
+ + + -
H + + +

6F+ 6)'7#8 2342
2R 8arlum reacLs wlLh waLer Lo form barlum hydroxlde and hydrogen.

8a(s) + 2P
2
C($) - 8a(CP)
2
(aq) + P
2
(g)

1he sLandard enLhalpy change for Lhls reacLlon can be measured ln Lhe
laboraLory. WhaL furLher lnformaLlon ls needed Lo calculaLe Lhe sLandard
enLhalpy change of formaLlon of solld barlum hydroxlde?

l SLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon of waLer
ll SLandard enLhalpy change of soluLlon of barlum hydroxlde
lll SLandard enLhalpy change of hydraLlon of barlum lon
lv SLandard enLhalpy change of hydraLlon of hydroxlde lon

G l only B l and ll
+ lll and lv H l, ll, lll and lv

MGF+ 6)'7#8 2342
2S When waLer vaporlses, 31.6 k! mol
-1
of heaL enLhalpy ls requlred. WhaL ls Lhe
enLropy change when 34 g of waLer bolls aL 1 aLm?

G + 138 ! k
-1
B + 413 ! k
-1

+ + 316 ! k
-1
H + 1348 ! k
-1


30
MGF+ 6)'7#8 2342
J3 Llllngham dlagrams are ploLs of AC agalnsL LemperaLure, 1. An Llllngham
dlagram for Lwo reacLlons lnvolvlng Lhe oxldaLlon of S and SC
2
ls as shown
below:

Clven LhaL, AC = AP - 1AS, whlch of Lhe followlng correcLly shows Lhe Lwo
reacLlons correspondlng Lo reacLlons I and II ln Lhe above Llllngham dlagram?

I II
G 2S + 3C
2
! 2SC
3
2SC
2
+ C
2
! 2SC
3
B 2SC
2
+ C
2
! 2SC
3
S + C
2
! SC
2

+ S + C
2
! SC
2
2S + 3C
2
! 2SC
3

H 2SC
2
+ C
2
! 2SC
3
2S + 3C
2
! 2SC
3

-I 6)'7#8 2342
J4 1he enLhalpy changes of formaLlon of gaseous eLhene and eLhane are +32 k!
mol
-1
and -83 k! mol
-1
respecLlvely aL 298 k.

Conslder Lhe followlng reacLlon: C
2
P
4
(g) + P
2
(g) " C
2
P
6
(g)

Whlch sLaLemenL ls Lrue?

G &S
reacLlon
ls poslLlve.
B 1he enLhalpy change of Lhe reacLlon ls -137 k! mol
-1
.
+ lf eLhene ls converLed Lo eLhane vla four sLages lnsLead of one as shown
above, Lhe enLhalpy change of Lhe reacLlon wlll be less exoLhermlc.
H 1he addlLlon of a caLalysL wlll cause Lhe enLhalpy change of reacLlon Lo be
more exoLhermlc.

31
M-F+ 6)'7#8 2342
J2 1he converslon of compound \ lnLo c was exoLhermlc and proceeded by Lwo
sLeps, where P was Lhe lnLermedlaLe. 1he sLeps lnvolved were:

SLep 1: \ " P
SLep 2: P " c

lL was found LhaL SLep 1 ls Lhe raLe-deLermlnlng sLep. Whlch dlagram represenLs
Lhe energy level dlagram for Lhe reacLlon?

G

B

+

H

M-F+ 6)'7#8 2342
JJ ln an experlmenL, 70 cm
3
of waLer aL 23C was broughL Lo bolllng polnL by
burnlng buLane ln excess oxygen. Clven LhaL Lhe sLandard enLhalpy change of
combusLlon of buLane ls -2877 k! mol
-1
, calculaLe Lhe volume of buLane
needed lf Lhls process ls only 83 efflclenL.

Assume LhaL Lhe speclflc heaL capaclLy of waLer ls 4.2 ! g
-1
k
-1
and LhaL 1 mole
of gas occuples 24 dm
3
under Lhe glven condlLlons.

G 0.0721 dm
3
B 0.136 dm
3
+ 0.184 dm
3
H 0.216 dm
3


32
!6F+ 6)'7#8 2342
J5 A sLudenL used Lhe apparaLus below Lo deLermlne Lhe enLhalpy change of
combusLlon of propan-1-ol.

1he followlng resulLs were obLalned:
mass of propan-1-ol burnL = 0.60 g
mass of waLer heaLed = 200 g
lnlLlal LemperaLure of waLer = 21.0C

Clven LhaL Lhe enLhalpy change of combusLlon propan-1-ol ls -2021 k! mol
-1
and
Lhe heaL capaclLy of waLer ls 4.17 ! k
-1
g
-1
, whaL would be Lhe flnal LemperaLure
of Lhe waLer?

G 24.2C B 43.2C + 29.1C H 48.4C

!6F+ 6)'7#8 2342
JN 1he radlus and charge of each of slx lons are shown below:

lon A
+
8
+
C
2+
x
-
?
-
Z
2-

8adlus / nm 0.21 0.27 0.23 0.21 0.27 0.23

1he lonlc sollds Ax, 8? and CZ are of Lhe same laLLlce Lype.

WhaL ls Lhe correcL order of Lhelr laLLlce energles placlng Lhe one wlLh Lhe
hlghesL numerlcal value flrsL?

G CZ > Ax > 8? B Ax > CZ > 8?
+ CZ > 8? > Ax H Ax > 8? > CZ


33
!6F+ 6)'7#8 2342

JO 1he Lable below shows Lhe sLandard Lhermodynamlc values for Lhe synLhesls of
hydrogen chlorlde: P
2
(g) + C$
2
(g) - 2PC$ (g).

&L
- 184.6 k! mol
-1
&M
+ 0.02 k! mol
-1

lrom Lhe daLa, whaL ls Lhe value of AC
?

G +178.6 k! mol
-1
B -178.6 k! mol
-1

+ -183.1 k! mol
-1
H -190.6 k! mol
-1

KF+ 6)'7#8 2342
JQ 1600 ! of energy ls requlred Lo vaporlse 40 cm
3
of a pure llquld =. 1he &C of
vaporlsaLlon of llquld = ls found Lo be +100 ! mol
%
1
k
%
1
. Clven LhaL Lhe molar
denslLy of = ls 1.0 mol dm
%
3
, whaL ls Lhe bolllng polnL of llquld = aL 1 aLm?

G 200 k
B 400 k
+ 600 k
H CannoL be deLermlned from Lhe above daLa

G+F+ 6)'7#8 2342
JR ropene burns compleLely ln oxygen Lo glve carbon dloxlde and waLer.

CP
3
CP=CP
2
+ 9/2 C
2
" 3 CC
2
+ 3 P
2
C

uslng Lhe uaLa 8ookleL, calculaLe Lhe enLhalpy change of Lhe reacLlon.

G - 890 k! mol
-1
B -1348 k! mol
-1

+ - 2369 k! mol
-1
H - 2890 k! mol
-1

1he responses G Lo H should be selecLed on Lhe basls of

G B + H
4[ 2 and J
are correcL
4 and 2 only
are correcL
2 and J only
are correcL
4 only ls
correcL


34
G+F+ 6)'7#8 2342
JS Whlch of Lhe followlng reacLlon(s) has/have a poslLlve enLhalpy change of reacLlon?
4 P
2
C (l) " P
+
(aq) + CP
-
(aq)
2 8r
2
(g) " 2 8r (g)
J l (g) + e " l
-
(g)

YF+ 6)'7#8 2342
53 1he followlng Lwo equaLlons show Lwo dlfferenL parLlal llgand subsLlLuLlon reacLlons
of Lhe hexaaquacopper(ll) lon. (en represenLs 1,2-dlamlnoeLhane, P
2
nCP
2
CP
2
nP
2
)

l: [Cu(P
2
C)
6
]
2+
(aq) + en(aq) " [Cu(en)(P
2
C)
4
]
2+
(aq) + 2P
2
C(l) &P= %34 k! mol
-1

ll: [Cu(P
2
C)
6
]
2+
(aq) + 2nP
3
(aq) " [Cu(nP
3
)
2
(P
2
C)
4
]
2+
(aq) + 2P
2
C(l) &P= %46 k! mol
-1

Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs are correcL?
4 1he enLropy change, &S
, for reacLlon l ls more poslLlve Lhan LhaL for reacLlon ll.

2 1he sLablllLy consLanL of [Cu(en)(P
2
C)
4
]
2+
ls larger Lhan LhaL of
[Cu(nP
3
)
2
(P
2
C)
4
]
2+
.

J 1he caLlon formed ln reacLlon ll exhlblLs geomeLrlc lsomerlsm.

FF+ 6)'7#8 2342
54 Whlch of Lhe followlng have a negaLlve enLropy change?

4 b(nC
3
)
2
(aq) + CaSC
4
(aq) bSC
4
(s) + Ca(nC
3
)
2
(aq)
2 Changlng Lhe LemperaLure of nlLrogen gas from %30
o
C Lo %20
o
C
J 2na(s) + 2P
2
C($) 2naCP(aq) + P
2
(g)

HLM 6)'7#8 2342
52 1hree unsaLuraLed compounds undergo hydrogenaLlon Lo form cyclohexane as
follows.
&? / k! mol
-1

redlcLed LxperlmenLal
cyclohexene

+ P
2
"

-120
cyclohexa-1,3-dlene

+ 2P
2
"

-240 -232
benzene

+ 3P
2
"

-360 -208


33
Whlch of Lhe followlng deducLlon(s) can be made from Lhe daLa above?

4 1he delocallsaLlon of ( elecLrons ln benzene lowers Lhe predlcLed energy
conLenL of benzene by 132 k! mol
-1
.
2 Cyclohexane ls Lhe mosL sLable amongsL all four subsLances.
J Cyclohexa-1,3-dlene has a hlgher energy conLenL Lhan cyclohexene.

!F+ 6)'7#8 2342
5J 1he enLhalpy changes lnvolved ln Lhe formaLlon of kC$(aq) from k(s) and C$
2
(g) are
as follows:

Whlch sLaLemenLs are Lrue?

4 1he enLhalpy change of soluLlon of poLasslum chlorlde ls A?
3
+

A?
4
.
2 1he enLhalpy change of formaLlon of solld poLasslum chlorlde ls A?
1
+ A?
2
+ A?
3
.
J 1he laLLlce energy of poLasslum chlorlde ls A?
3
.

GF+ 6)'7#8 2342
55 Whlch of Lhe followlng processes wlll resulL ln an lncrease ln enLropy?

4 1he subllmaLlon of solld carbon dloxlde.
2 1he decomposlLlon of dlnlLrogen LeLraoxlde.

J 1he formaLlon of calclum carbonaLe from calclum oxlde and carbon
dloxlde.

PF+ 6)'7#8 2342
5N Carbon monoxlde burns readlly ln oxygen Lo form carbon dloxlde. WhaL can be
deduced from Lhls lnformaLlon?

4 1he sLandard enLhalpy change of formaLlon of carbon dloxlde ls more negaLlve
Lhan LhaL of carbon monoxlde.
2 1he +4 oxldaLlon sLaLe of carbon ls more sLable Lhan Lhe +2 oxldaLlon sLaLe.

J 1he equlllbrlum consLanL value for Lhe reacLlon, 2CC
2
(g) ! 2CC(g) + C
2
(g), ls
llkely Lo be hlgh.


36
-KLM 6)'7#8 2342
5O 1he enLhalpy changes of formaLlon of carbon monoxlde and carbon dloxlde are
glven below.
&?
f
(CC) = -110 k! mol
-1

&?
f
(CC
2
) = -393 k! mol
-1

Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs are correcL?
4 1he enLhalpy change of combusLlon of carbon monoxlde ls exoLhermlc.
2 Carbon dloxlde ls energeLlcally more sLable Lhan carbon monoxlde.
J 1he enLhalpy change of combusLlon of carbon ls -110 k! mol
-1
.

<I 6)'7#8 2342
5Q 1he enLhalpy change of reacLlon, &?
r
, beLween sodlum and waLer (ln excess) Lo
produce sodlum hydroxlde and hydrogen gas can be measured ln Lhe laboraLory.
AP
r
2na(s) + 2P
2
C($) - 2naCP(aq) + P
2
(g)

CLher Lhan LemperaLure change of Lhe soluLlon, whaL lnformaLlon ls/are needed
Lo calculaLe a value for Lhe enLhalpy change of Lhls reacLlon?

4 Mass of waLer
2 Mass of sodlum
J ressure

<I 6)'7#8 2342
5R Whlch of Lhe followlng reacLlon(s) ls/are always endoLhermlc?

4 PydraLlon of a gaseous lon
2 1he dlssoclaLlon of a dlaLomlc molecule lnLo aLoms
J 1he subllmaLlon of a solld

Answers
1 2 3 4 3 6 7 8 9 10
C 8 A A A 8 u A 8 u
11 12 13 14 13 16 17 18 19 20
8 u C A u C C 8 8 u
21 22 23 24 23 26 27 28 29 30
u 8 8 u u A A 8 8 C
31 32 33 34 33 36 37 38 39 40
8 A u 8 A u 8 8 8 A
41 42 43 44 43 46 47 48
u A C 8 8 8 8 C

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, for reacLlon l ls more poslLlve Lhan LhaL for reacLlon ll.

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