REAP Conference Proceedings

Proceedings of the
5th Annual
REAP Conference
FRONT COVER - See separate file
Integrating Climate Change Adaptation, Disaster Risk

Management and Watershed Management in Local
Land Use and Development Planning:
Practitioners and Technical Experts Discussion
Traders Hotel, Pasay City
March 31-April 1, 2011
1
Proceedings of the
5th Annual
REAP Conference
Conference Theme:
Integrating Climate Change Adaptation, Disaster Risk
Management and Watershed Management in Local
Land Use and Development Planning:
Practitioners and Technical Experts Discussion
Traders Hotel, Pasay City
March 31-April 1, 2011
Acknowledgments
The Resource and Environmental Economics
Foundation of the Philippines, Inc. (REAP) would like to
thank the following for making this publication possible:
speakers and documenters during the conference;
WWF-Philippines through grant support from the the
Coca-Cola Foundation for funding the participation of
local government participants and the documetation
and publication of this report;
Environment and Economy Program for South East
Asia (EEPSEA) for their technical and financial support
during the conference;
Landbank of the Philippines for their financial support;
Resources, Environment and Economics Center for
Studies, Inc. (REECS) for hosting the foundation in
their office and for logistical support; and
Special thanks to the REAP board members, to Ms.
Dieldre Harder for documenting the proceedings, and to
Ms. Rina Bernabe De Alban for the editing and lay out of
this report.
Photos courtesy of WWF-Philippines unless otherwise
indicated. Cover photos (clockwise from left: WWFPhilippines, Laguna Water Corporation, WWF/Lory Tan,
WWW/Lory Tan).
The views and recommendations appearing in this
conference proceedings are those of the organizers
and do not necessarily reflect those of the Board of
Directors of WWF-Philippines, Coca-Cola Foundation
and Landbank of the Philippines.
Contents
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Conference Rationale
Conference Objectives
Conference Structure and Composition
10
Conference Program
11
Welcome Address
13
Keynote Speech
14
Advancing the Primacy of Public Interest: Integrating CCA, DRR and Watershed Management in Local
Land Use and Development Planning
14
Rolando Acosta, Asst. Secretary for Administration, Department of the Interior and Local Government
Plenary Presentations
15
Plenary Presentation 1
Watershed Management and Urban PlanningSteps Toward Integrating CCA and DRR Concerns 15
Prof. Jose Gomez, UP School of Urban and Regional Planning
Plenary presentation 2
Climate Change and Adaptation to Extreme Climate Events

Dr. Herminia A. Francisco, Director, Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia
16
Securing the Future: LGU Initiatives and Directions in Environmental Protection and Disaster Risk
Management
Hon. Rene Gaudiel, Mayor of Bayawan City, Negros Oriental
Earthquake and Tsunami Preparedness and Risk Reduction

Dr. Renato U. Solidum Jr., Director, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
17
18
Capacity Needs for Integrating CCA, DRR, and Watershed Approach in Local Planning: the
CALABARZON Experience
Mr. Donald James Gawe, NEDA Region 4
19
Presentation of Survey Results on LGU Capacity Needs for CCA, DRR and Watershed Management 20
Dr. Zenaida Sumalde, REAP/UP Los Baos-College of Economics and Management;
Open Forum Highlights: Plenary Presentations
24
Session A: Upland/Agricultural Landscape
26
A Reference Guide for Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (RIDF) Tables and Curves for the
Laguna Lake Basin
26
Mr. Edgardo Tongson, Director, WWF Philippines
Analysis of Flooding and Rainfall Events in Laguna de Bay Basin through Hydrologic Monitoring
and Modeling
27
Mr. Emiterio Hernandez. Laguna Lake Development Authority
Open Forum Highlights: Upland/Agricultural Landscape

Session B: Coastal Landscape
28
28
Challenges, Opportunities and Issues in Integrating CCA and DDR in the Coastal Landscape 28
Mr. Ronnel Lim, Mayor of Gubat, Sorsogon
Building Resilient Seas to Meet the Climate Change Imperatives
29
Dr. Porfirio Alio, Professor, University of the Philippines-Marine Science Institute
Open Forum Highlights: Coastal Landscape

Session C: Urban Landscape
30
31
Urban Floods, Health, Water, Infrastructure and Epidemics Assessment and Measures 31
Arch. Felino Palafox Jr., Managing Director/Principal Architect, Palafox Associates
Challenges, Opportunities and Issues in Integrating CCA and DDR in the Urban Landscape 32
Engr. Honore Jordan, UN Habitat, Sorsogon City
Open Forum Highlights: Urban Landscape

Output of Group Workshops
Open Forum Highlights: Workshop Presentations
33
41
List of Participants
42
About REAP
51
List of Abbreviations
BFAR
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
CCA
climate change adaptation
CENRO
Community/City Environment and Natural Resources Office
CLUP
Comprehensive Land Use Plan
CPDO
City Planning and Development Office
CSO
civil society organization
DA
Department of Agriculture
DAR
Department of Agrarian Reform
DENR
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DepEd
Department of Education
DILG
Department of the Interior and Local Government
DPWH
Department of Public Works and Highways
DRR
disaster risk reduction
DRRM
disaster risk reduction and management
EEPSEA
Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia
EO
executive order
FLUP
Forest Land Use Plan
GIS
geographic information system
HLURB
Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
HUDCC
Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council
ICE CREAM

Integrated Coastal Enhancement: Coastal Research Evaluation and Adaptive

Management Project
IEC
information, education, communication
LGU
local government unit
LLDA
Laguna Lake Development Authority
MGB
Mines and Geosciences Bureau
NAMRIA
National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
NEDA
National Economic and Development Authority
NGA
national government agency
NGO
nongovernment organization
NWRB
National Water Resources Board
PAGASA
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
PCUP
Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor
PD
presidential decree
PENRO
Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office
PES
payments for ecosystem services
PHIVOLCS
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
PO
peoples organization
RA
republic act
REAP
Resource and Environmental Economics Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.
REDAS
Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System
REECS
Resources, Environment and Economics Center for Studies, Inc.
RIDF
rainfall intensity-duration-frequency
UP NCTS
University of the Philippines National Center for Transportation Studies
UP SURP
University of the Philippines School of Urban and Regional Planning
UPLB
University of the Philippines Los Baos
UP-NCPAG
University of the Philippines-National College of Public Administration and

Governance
UPV
University of the Philippines Visayas
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
WWF-Philippines
Conference Rationale
limate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction are inherently local
undertakings that require significant levels of investment of resources.
The cost of not taking immediate and calculated action is very high and
persistent. In light of these, the National Economic and Development
Authority (NEDA) and the Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG) are presently preparing a manual and have issued directives to
local government units to update their Comprehensive Land Use Plans
(CLUP) and other local framework plans in order to integrate climate change
adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures to such
plans. These undertakings require both coordinated long-term planning and
immediate stopgap measures.
The Resource and Environmental Economics Foundation of the Philippines
(REAP) agrees with national entities that such local undertakings will need
technical support in defining appropriate long term and immediate measures
as well as in conducting assessments. These needs guided the theme of
REAPs fifth annual conference held from March 31 to April 1, 2011 at Traders
Hotel, Pasay City. The conference aimed to acquaint local planners as well
as technical and academic individuals on current development, challenges,
opportunities and knowledge on CCA and DRR integration in local planning,
using the watershed as the planning unit, so that efforts of both groups are
focused and matched.
Conference Objectives
1. To bring local government managers and planners together to
interact with technical and academic groups to discuss challenges,
opportunities and gaps in integrating CCA, DRR and watershed
management into local development planning.
2. To identify local planning needs and research and development gaps
in CCA, DRR and watershed management in program implementation
at the local level.
3. To apprise association members of recent development in the
implementation of CCA and DRR measures at the local level.
Conference Structure and Composition
he two-day conference included plenary discussions and three

simultaneous breakout group sessions on the first day followed by group
workshops on the second day. In particular, the simultaneous sessions
were divided into three: upland/agricultural landscape, coastal landscape
and urban landscape. Each group included two paper presenters, a
moderator and documenter.
Plenary Discussions
Governance mechanisms
and the mandate for CCA/
DRR
Breakout Sessions
Upland/Agricultural
Landscape
Experiences and technical

insights in integrating CCA
and DRR in local planning/
initiatives
Coastal Landscape
Research results on current

adaptation practices
Urban Landscape
Plenary presentation
of workshop results
Overall, there were 148 conference attendees composed of participants

from different sectors (99), speakers and sponsors (20), REAP Board and
members (20) and staff (9) from Resources, Environment and Economics
Center for Studies, Inc. (REECS) who served as the conference secretariat
(Table 1).
In terms of geographical distribution, of the 148 participants, the majority
were from Luzon (136 or 91.9%), while 10 came from the Visayas and
Mindanao (3.4% or 5 participants each), and 2 participants or 1.4% came
from Singapore.
Table 1. Conference Participants
Luzon
Visayas
Mindanao
Total
Academe
17
18
National government agencies
41
45
Local government units
26
29
Participants
Private groups/organizations
Sub-total
99
Speakers and sponsors
17
20*
REAP Board Members
19
20
136
148
Secretariat and REECS Staff

Total
*Includes 2 resource persons from EEPSEA-IDRC
10
Conference Program
Time
Topic/Activity
Presenter
Day 1, April 1, 2011
Moderator: Dr. Corazon Rapera
7:00 a.m.
Registration
REAP Secretariat
9:00 a.m.
Opening Program
Dr. Corazon Rapera
REAP/University of the Philippines Los
Baos (UPLB)
Prayer
Dr. Germelino Bautista
Resources, Environment, and
Economics Center for Studies
National Anthem
Welcome Remarks
Dr. Gem B. Castillo
Introduction of Participants and
Acting President and Chair of the
Acknowledgment of Sponsors
Organizing Committee
Messages: WWF and EEPSEA
9:15 a.m.
Keynote Address
Assistant Secretary Rolando Acosta
Advancing the Primacy of Public
Department of the Interior and Local
Interest: Integrating Climate Change
Government
Adaptation, Disaster Risk Reduction and
Watershed Management in Local Land
Use and Development Planning
9:45 a.m.
Presentation 1: Watershed
Prof. Jose Gomez
Management and Urban Planning
UP School of Urban and Regional
Steps Toward Integrating CCA & DRR
Planning
Concerns
10:30 a.m.
Presentation 2: Climate Change and
Dr. Herminia A. Francisco
Adaptation to Extreme Climate Events
Director, Economy and Environment
Program for Southeast Asia
11:00 a.m.
Presentation 3: Securing the Future:
Hon. Rene Gaudiel
LGU Initiatives and Directions in
Mayor of Bayawan City, Negros Oriental
Environmental Protection and Disaster
Risk Management
12:00 noon
Lunch
1:00 p.m.
Presentation 4: Earthquake and
Dr. Renato Solidum
Tsunami Preparedness and Risk
Director, Philippine Institute of
Reduction
Volcanology and Seismology
1:30-3:30 p.m. Simultaneous Sessions
Upland/Agricultural Landscape
Moderator: Dr. Zenaida Sumalde, REAP/
UPLB
Documenter: Ms. Lilia Raflores, REAP/
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources
11
Time
3:30 p.m.
4:00 p.m.
8:15 a.m.
8:30 a.m.
8:45 a.m.
9:30 a.m.
10:00 a.m.
Topic/Activity
Simultaneous Sessions
Presenter
Urban Landscape
Moderator: Dr. Corinthia Naz, REAP/
UP-NCPAG
Documenter: Ms. Anabeth San
Gregorio, REAP
Coastal Landscape
Moderator: Dr. Rodel Subade, REAP/
UP Visayas
Documenter: Ms. Imee Bellen, WWF
Survey of LGUs: Gaps in CCA, DRR
Dr. Zenaida Sumalde
and Watershed Approaches (by session) REAP/UPLB
REAP Assembly/Meeting
REAP Board
Day 2, April 2, 2011
Moderators: Ms. Ester Batangan/Mr. Edgardo Tongson
Assembly and Opening of Sessions
Ms. Ester Batangan, REAP
Recapitulation of Day 1
Ms. Dieldre Harder, REAP
Presentation 5: Capacity Needs for
Mr. Donald James Gawe
Integrating CCA, DRR, and Watershed
National Economic and Development
Approach in Local Planning: The
Authority-Region 4
CALABARZON Experience
Presentation 6: Presentation of Survey Dr. Zenaida Sumalde, REAP/UPLB
Results of the LGU Capacity Needs for
CCA, DRR and Watershed Management
Simultaneous Workshops
Upland/Agricultural Landscape
(Upland, Urban and Coastal)
Moderator: Dr. Zenaida Sumalde
Documenter: Ms. Lilia Raflores
Urban Landscape
Moderator: Dr. Corinthia Naz
Documenter: Ms. Anabeth San Gregorio
Coastal Landscape
Moderator: Dr. Rodel Subade
Documenter: Ms. Imee Bellen
12:00 noon
1:00 p.m.
3:00 p.m.
Lunch
Plenary Session: Presentation of
Outputs: Integrating Climate Change
Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction
in Comprehensive Land Use Planning
Closing Program
Closing Remarks
12
Mr. Edgardo E. Tongson

REAP Facilitator
Ms. Ester Batangan

REAP Facilitator
Dr. Gem B. Castillo
Acting President and Chair of the
Organizing Committee
REAP
Highlights of Plenary Sessions

Welcome Address
Dr. Gem Castillo, Acting President, REAP
r. Castillo acknowledged the attendance of a mixed group of participants

from the academe, local governments, and the private sector:
Conference sponsors such as WWF-Philippines, Economy and
Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA), the LandBank
of the Philippines and the Resources, Environment and Economics
Center for Studies (REECS)
Mayors: Hon. Ronnel Lim of Gubat, Sorsogon; Hon. Wilma Gattud
of Tuba, Benguet; Hon. Anthony Wooden of Tadian, Mountain
Province; and Hon. Rene Gaudiel of Bayawan City, Negros Oriental
Officers from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR), Department of Agriculture (DA), and Department of
Agrarian Reform (DAR)
Local government representatives from CALABARZON, Abra,
Visayas and Mindanao
Representatives from the academe (state colleges and universities,
private universities)
Representatives from research institutions
Private consulting groups
Members of REAP
Looking forward to a fruitful discussion, he expressed hope that the

conference would serve as a venue to enlighten participants in developing
their plans and establishing their adaptation measures in light of prevailing
climate change.
13
Keynote Speech
Advancing the Primacy of Public Interest: Integrating CCA, DRR and Watershed Management
in Local Land Use and Development Planning
Rolando Acosta, Asst. Secretary for Administration, Department of the Interior and Local
Government
iscussions on local governance and planning should always be guided by

the principle of public interest. This is related to the legal mandate of the
DILG to exercise meaningful and robust supervision of the local government
units (LGUs). The mandate is easily understood through its twin dimensions:
1) to empower and capacitate LGUs and 2) to perform oversight by exacting
accountability, performance and transparency. It is the departments firm belief
that building a foundation of empowerment and valuing of public accountability
translates into responsible government, which is in turn is a key to integrating
CCA, DRR and watershed management in the land use plans.
While empowerment requires supporting the capacity development of the LGUs
(on matters like CCA, DRR, Millennium Development Goals and local economic
transformation), what is more essential in the end is the principle of accountability
or the conscious recognition and enforcement of the law and public service
delivery standards. This is how supervision is being operationalized today.
Capacity oversight on the other hand, is being done through initiatives such
as the Local Government Performance Management System, Seal of Good
Housekeeping, Millennium Development Goals Scorecard, Policy Audit and Full
Disclosure, and Incentives and Awards.
Through a memorandum order, the President directed the DILG to assess the
level of disaster management preparedness of the LGUs and to inspect the
condition and soundness of their infrastructure projects and public buildings.
However, the department does not have the capacity to come up with a
disaster preparedness index, as well as the capability to define the condition
and soundness of infrastructure in the engineering sense. Instead, efforts were
focused on the audit, which includes leadership structure and guide to action
(contingency plan), trained personnel, equipment and evacuation centers.
Nevertheless, instead of the typical action of auditing information and telling
LGUs what to do, what is needed is a reverse strategy of engagement. This
would require LGUs to assess their expertise, build multiple scenarios based
on hazards and match it with the level of capability, and then scale up their
capability in keeping with multiple scenarios developed by experts. A complete
anatomy of disaster preparedness should not only focus on institutions but also
on the service delivery capability of the LGUs and community preparedness.
What is also important is the formulation of an integrated land use plan at the provincial
level for all cities and municipalities. CCA, DRR and watershed management need
to be consistent with the framework for governance. In integrating these concepts
into the CLUP, interaction with other dimensions or pillars of governance must be
noted because these also impact upon the actions or inactions of government.
In the end, what constitutes a conceptual and operational test of a responsible
government is an LGU that has an outcome-oriented development, invests in the
quality of human capital, promotes a favorable investment climate, and protects the
integrity of the environment.
14
Plenary Presentations
Plenary Presentation 1
Watershed Management and Urban PlanningSteps Toward
Integrating CCA and DRR Concerns
Prof. Jose Gomez, UP School of Urban and Regional Planning
rof. Gomez discussed watershed management and urban

planning as applied to the development of a knowledge
product commissioned by WWF for Sta. Rosa, Laguna.
Elements that went into the writing of the manual or knowledge
product were enumerated. The project compiled various sets
of technical information and made them more accessible and
digestible to policymakers, planners, local chief executives
and concerned laypersons.
socioeconomic background or profile of Sta. Rosa,

including relevant development issues and concerns;
science of watershed planning, including five factors

affecting hydrological balance (amount of rainfall, how
much of it evaporates, how much runs over to the surface,
how much is the groundwater recharge, and storage
capacity of the soil);
climate change impacts on the water cycle and the water

characteristics of the site; and
exacerbating factors such as massive groundwater

depletion that leads to subsidence and polluted water
infiltration, multiple and uncontrolled water pollution
sources, and unregulated competition for water resources.
By looking at the flood susceptibility map of Sta. Rosa and

the flooding event patterns, planners will be guided on the
type of flood that they need to prepare for (e.g., the ones that
come less frequently are more intense and more destructive).
It would also help them build the right type of infrastructure and
manage emergencies in case of delays or a lag time between
the event and peak discharge of flood. To address flooding
concerns, planners can consider some general approaches in
building infrastructure (e.g., low-impact and green building
approaches, refitting or replacing infrastructure for more intense
climate events). These approaches are designed to restore
and retain hydrologic characteristics as closely as possible to
their natural patterns prior to development and to foresee the
environments capacity to sustainably meet the growing needs
of humans and other living organisms.
WWF/Gregg Yan
Specifically, the elements that went into the knowledge

product are:
15
Land use plans and watershed management strategies need to be climate

change and DRR-responsive, and integration1 is needed. This means avoiding
or removing built-up development from hazardous areas, removing elements
at risk (people and property) and reducing vulnerability. While it is possible to
implement CCA and DRR without focusing too intensely on the watershed, a
good knowledge of site hydrology and biology can translate to significant cost
reductions.
In conclusion, he asserted the need for studies to have a sound basis, for a
mental ability to see things at various perspectives or lenses, and for behavioral
change to take place on and off the job. A holistic integration should also adopt
unusual perspectives such as looking at development beyond the foreseeable
lifetime of the decision maker and planner, taking into account other living
organisms in the watershed, and projecting worst case scenarios given current
consumption trends and ideas of the good life.
Climate Change and Adaptation to Extreme Climate Events
Dr. Herminia A. Francisco, Director, Economy and Environment Program for
Southeast Asia
r. Francisco shared two EEPSEA research initiatives on climate change: 1)

a climate change vulnerability mapping; and 2) an adaptation study done in
five Southeast Asia countries.
The first study generated a vulnerability map Southeast Asia which included 590
provincial or sub-national units. Three dimensions of vulnerability were used
to come up with a composite index for vulnerability:
climate hazards (typhoon, flood, drought, landslide
and sea level rise), sensitivity (population density
and ecological vulnerability) and adaptive capacity
(socioeconomic, technology and infrastructure).
The model, however, excludes institutions due to
unavailable data.
WWF/Mavic Matillano
Knowing which of these elements contribute to

vulnerability in general or to sensitivity in particular
informs the LGUs on the type of interventions
needed so that limited resources can be put into
best use. For instance, if climate hazards dominate
vulnerability, then LGUs can invest in protection or
relocation. However, one of the major limitations of
the study is that it considered only past events (20-25 years of climatic patterns)
and did not include future scenarios. Thus, the analysis will be extended in the
next phase to incorporate the probability of different futures2 and develop the
Climate Change Risk Vulnerability Map.
1 This could occur at three levels: inter-agency perspectives (cross-cutting plans and a coordinated bureaucracy),
physical integration with infrastructure, and time horizon (reconciliation of short-term and long-term initiatives).
2 What are the different outcomes and under what conditions will it happen? Are we prepared for that? The cost of
intervention could be determined by: Probability of outcome x expected value of damages x expected loss/damages
from uncertain incomes. This would answer the question, if we do these interventions, how by much will it reduce the
risk or how much of the damage is reduced?
16
The second study dealt with Southeast Asian households adaptive capacity to
reduce disaster vulnerability. It answered basic questions such as how people
cope with extreme climate events and what factors determine the adaptation
choices of households. To respond to these, the study identified four general
household adaptation measures: soft structural (e.g., tying their pole into a tree),
behavioral (e.g., storing food at the roof), technological (e.g., early warning
systems), and financial (e.g., buying crop insurance). These adaptation choices
were classified as either reactive or pro-active.
Results showed that households that adopt reactive measures are generally
poor, less educated, and have low access to information channels, among
other characteristics. On the other hand, pro-active adopters are those who
experienced more climate change events in the past, have permanent house
structures, have more access to information channels, and have higher social
capital. Analysis further showed that households who did pro-active measures
were able to avert damages significantly more than those who only did reactive
measures. Nonetheless, knowing how households behave does not provide
much information of what has to be done next. The subsequent stage of the
study would be to analyze the behavior of people or the basis of their decisionmaking. Towards this end, researchers are encouraged to work directly with the
LGUs for policymaking.3
n the past, the hinterlands and urban

areas of Bayawan City were plagued
with environmental and natural resource
problems such as deforestation, soil
erosion, flooding, improper waste
disposal/open dumping, poor sanitation,
and lack of clean water. Realizing
the need to do something to address
these issues, the city began laying the
groundwork for change.
Photo: LGU Bayawan City
Securing the Future: LGU Initiatives and

Directions in Environmental Protection
and Disaster Risk Management
Hon. Rene Gaudiel, Mayor of Bayawan
City, Negros Oriental
Their first initiative was the development of their Forest Land Use Plan (FLUP)
which started in 2003 under the EcoGov project of the United States Agency
for International Development (USAID) and DENR. The FLUP project was
composed of four main components: the Bayawan Riverbank Rehabilitation
and Management Program, issuance of individual property rights through a
formalized co-management agreement with DENR in 2004, development of
3 The goal is to involve LGUs in identifying future scenarios and for research findings to serve as an input in
improving their decision-making, including that of natural resource managers.
17
water production areas to arrest grassland fires, and the rehabilitation of

denuded critical watersheds such as the Danapa watershed.4
To achieve environmental protection and food security, Bayawan City
invested on long-term projects such as communal irrigation systems and
water supply improvements. The city also promoted organic agriculture,
strategic agroindustrialization, and homegrown ventures such as biodiesel
processing. On the other hand, addressing its solid waste management
concerns required additional investments including the 27-hectare waste
management and ecological center, sanitary landfill facility, materials
recovery facility, composting facility, and a conventional septage treatment
facility (lagoon type).
The citys sanitation battle plan further includes having decentralized
wastewater treatment systems through constructed wetlands in the periurban areas. It pioneered the LGU-managed project on wastewater
treatment in a Gawad Kalinga Village that benefited 676 households. It
also adopted the ecosan strategy of on-site treatment using Urine Diversion
Dehydration toilets in the hinterlands.
Besides addressing food, water and sanitation concerns, the city
government created the City Public Safety Office, which also serves as its
Disaster Operations Center. Its activities cover all aspects of disasters from
preparedness, mitigation, response and rehabilitation to prevent or at least
minimize the impact of disasters to the community. This is complemented
by infrastructure support (e.g., protective seawalls, heightened spillways,
drainage and flood control) and rebuilding of communities hit by the flood.
These local development initiatives have won the city several prominent
awards, one of which is the Hall of Fame Award for Best Component City
(2008-2010) given by the National Disaster Coordinating Council.
Earthquake and Tsunami Preparedness and Risk Reduction
Dr. Renato U. Solidum Jr., Director, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
he world has experienced many devastating earthquakes such as the

1990 Luzon earthquake and 2011 earthquakes in Japan and Myanmar.
Several hazards associated with these quakes include ground rupture,
ground shaking, liquefaction, landslide, fire, and tsunami.
18
WWF/Lory Tan
Lessons learned from these global disaster events are the need for:

appropriate disaster preparedness and development planning under

appropriate scenarios
appropriate land use and development plans that need to be applied

not only because of rapid growth but also because of unplanned
development
4 Besides being a potential source of water supply, the watershed is also being developed for eco-tourism and
aquaculture inland hatchery.
safer construction for critical facilities (e.g., houses, schools, hospitals,

public buildings)
earthquake-resistant critical facilities (including those needed for

governance such as Malacaan Palace, Senate and Congress)
increased awareness and preparedness for infrequent but devastating

events
training on response (e.g., search and rescue, medical response)
preparedness at the national and local levels
public-private sector collaboration to prepare for and reduce risks from

earthquakes and tsunamis
It was noted that Filipinos typically prepare for typhoons because these happen
frequently but do not prepare for earthquakes and tsunamis. Yet, the country has
existing trenches where strong earthquakes can occur5 and there have also been
past tsunami incidences. Given this, it is important to note the three elements
of risk reduction: hazards, exposure and vulnerability. While there is nothing
that can be done about hazards, efforts can be made to reduce exposure and
vulnerability. To prepare for earthquakes and reduce risk, the first level of action
is self-help or individual/family preparedness, such as building safer houses. The
second is mutual help, which refers to community/organizational preparedness,
evacuation, emergency response plan and drill, information management, etc.
The third level is governance. This includes legislation, building regulations
and land use planning, construction and retrofitting of public buildings and
infrastructure, building of emergency shelters and having a disaster information
system. Ordinary citizens are part of governance and are therefore also part of
the blame when disasters happen.
For the part of PHIVOLCS, it offers four general services: warning and advisory
on volcanic and earthquake hazards, hazard and risk mapping, research and
development, and disaster preparedness and risk mitigation. PHIVOLCS has the
capacity to detect earthquake and tsunamis (like the one that occurred in Japan)
as well as anticipate the magnitude of the tsunamis impact to be able to issue
alert levels to affected communities.
In DRR, it should always be kept in mind that hazards cannot be prevented but
the impacts can be minimized. Everyone has a capability to do something and
choose his/her own level of participation.
Capacity Needs for Integrating CCA, DRR, and Watershed Approach in Local
Planning: the CALABARZON Experience
Mr. Donald James Gawe, NEDA Region 4
ational Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Administrative Order

1, Series of 2012 directs local governments, particularly the provinces, to
adopt and use the DRR Guidelines to enhance natural disaster risk reduction
efforts in the local development planning process. These guidelines specifically
5 Dr. Solidum noted that while the Philippines has not yet experienced a really strong earthquake, the faults are already
storing up energy and movements can unleash such energy in a big manner such as 7.2 magnitude earthquake.
19
refer to the Guidelines on Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Subnational

Development and Land Use/Physical Planning developed by NEDA. Since the
guidelines provide the framework for DRR, all national government agencies
(NGAs) providing technical assistance are encouraged to base their actions on
these guidelines for coherence. However, there is still a need to integrate the
guidelines on provincial/local planning expenditure (which came first) with the
DRR guidelines in the next planning cycle.
In the mainstreaming process, the drivers of development (e.g., population,
economic activity, and physical resources/transport) are identified as well as their
observed impacts on services and land use changes. Based on the situational
analysis, development objectives/targets/strategies and PPAs6 are determined.
These are considered in the investment planning process where PPAs are
prioritized given available budget. However, there is a disparity between the
LGU plans and investment programs, which hopefully the memorandum circular
would be able to address.
There is a need to incorporate the DRR perspective (which looks at processes
such as hazard characterization, consequence analysis, risk estimation and
risk evaluation) not only in the situational analysis but also in criteria-setting
to ensure that this is embedded in LGU plans, programs and activities. For
instance, having DRR-enhanced settlements land use planning could help
in summarizing development issues. Since disasters do not choose political
boundaries, analysis must also include inter-local cooperation.
Identified issues in integrating DRR and CCA in local planning include:
awareness building (particularly for the civil society), data,7 skills, institutional
mechanism,8 and logistics/funds. To address these, the intended actions
are plan preparation (with civil society groups and experts in the planning
committee), continuous awareness building, clearly defined roles, reorientation
of Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council members, visioning,
investment programming9 and monitoring and evaluation. However, there is a
lack of initiative in integrating watershed approach to local planning. But if there
will be one, the approach also has to be inter-local and holistic.
Presentation of Survey Results on LGU Capacity Needs for CCA, DRR and
Watershed Management
Dr. Zenaida Sumalde, REAP/UP Los Baos-College of Economics and
Management
ifteen (15) LGU representatives participated in the survey done to assess

LGUs capacity needs for CCA, DRR and watershed management. Results
showed that most of the LGUs surveyed are vulnerable to disasters such as
6 Programs, Projects and Activities (PPAs) are tentative lists of interventions that address problems and enhance the
potential of the LGU. It considers resources needed to implement these interventions.
7 He emphasized the lack of data in the LGUs and the need for information sharing as well as enhancing knowledge
on mapping tools and statistical software to aid in data analysis and management.
8 Based on a report from the Office of Civil Defense, 73% of Calabarzon cities and municipalities have completed
their advocacy activities, 43% on organizing DRRM and 15% in creating DRRM offices. The challenge is the setting
up of a mechanism to achieve a synchronized operation.
9 Investment programming requires having the skills to generate more income such as joint ventures and other
financing mechanism, instead of depending on government subsidy or IRA.
20
strong/damaging typhoons and flooding. In terms of biological hazards, cases

for dengue (67%) and malaria (40%) top the list. Despite the prevalence of these
hazards, majority of the LGUs do not have estimates of the damages.
To aid in disaster preparedness, most maps available to the LGUs are political
boundary maps (87%), land use maps (80%) and zoning maps (73%). These are
usually included in the Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) of cities and
municipalities. On the other hand, the least available maps include rainfall maps,
hydrology maps, tenure maps, elevation and land cover maps.
All LGUs collect vital socio-economic information on local infrastructure and
population. However, more than half of the respondents did not have data on
migration and industries. They also face constraints with their local plans and
programs such as climate change adaptation, plans related to Clean Water Act,
forest land use plan and watershed management plan. In general, local plans
and programs suffer from inadequate manpower and training as well as lack of
multi-stakeholder mechanisms.
Results of Capacity Needs Survey of LGUs
Table 2. Disasters Experienced (n=15)
Disaster
Number
Year
Estimate of Damage
Typhoons
13
(87)
2004-2010
Yes = 5
Flooding
13
(87)
2004-2009
Yes = 4
Earthquake
10
(67)
1990/2010/2011
No estimate
Landslides
11
(73)
2004-2009
Yes = 4
Flashfloods
11
(73)
2008-2010
Yes = 4
Drought
(33)
Not stated
No
Tornado
(13)
2008-2010
Yes
Tsunami
(7)
2011
No estimate
Wildfires
(7)
2004-2009
No
Table 3. Biological Hazards Experienced (n=15)

Biological Hazard
Number
Year
Estimate of Damage
Dengue
10
(67)
2007-2009
None
Malaria
(40)
2007-2009 (frequent)
None
Typhoid fever
(20)
2006 (frequent)
None
Cholera
(20)
1995
None
Red Tide
(7)
Not specified
None
Measles
(7)
2010
None
Summary
Disasters experienced by most LGUs:

Strong/damaging typhoons (87%)
Flooding (87%)
Biological Hazards:

Dengue (67%)
Malaria (40)
Most LGUs do not have the estimate of damage

21
Table 4. Types of Maps Available at LGU

Map
Number
Remarks
Political Boundary Map

(barangay level)
13
(87)
1991, 2000 (Included in CLUP and

updating in progress), 2008, 2010
Land Use Map
12
(80)
1987, 1998, (on-going revision) 2000,

2001, 2005
Zoning Map
11
(73)
1988 (on-going revisions) 2001, 2004,

2010, 2005 (resubmitted to SP)
Topographic Map
10
(67)
2000, 2001, 2003, 2010 (NAMRIA)
Slope Map
(53)
1998, 2003.
Settlement map
(53)
(one with spot map only) 1995, 2000,

2003, 2008, CBMS, 2010
Soil Map
(33)
1998, 2000, 2001
Geologic Hazard Map
(27)
From MGB, REDAS, 2008, 2010
Infrastructure Map
(27)
2000, 2010
Flood Map
(27)
2002, 2009, on-going drafting
Elevation Map
(20)
2001, 2003
Land cover/Vegetation Map
(20)
Tenure Map
(13)
Hydrology Map
(7)
Rainfall Map
2008
Summary
Most commonly available maps:

Political Boundary (87%)
Land Use Map (80%)
Zoning Map (73%)
Least available maps:

Rainfall Map (0)
Hydrology Map (7%)
Tenure Map (13%)
Elevation and Land Cover Maps (20%)
Table 5. Socioeconomic Information

Map
Number
Local Infrastructure
15
(100)
Population
15
(100)
Settlement
11
(73)
Employment
(60)
Migration
(47)
Industries
(47)
Health, Education, services
(7)
Others
22
(27)
Summary
Most commonly socioeconomic information:

Local Infrastructure (100%)
Population (100%)
Least available maps:

Migration (47%)
Industries (47%)
Table 6. For each of the following program/plans does the LGU have (n = 15)
Plans and
Programs
(% with Yes response)
An Office
in charge
Adequate
manpower
Skills
LGU
budget
Equipment
Ordinances/
Resolution
MultiStakeholder
mechanisms
Risk
Assessment
47
27
47
60
47
47
30
Solid Waste
Management
Plan
93
53
47
80
60
93
53
Food Security
Progrm
47
40
40
47
40
47
40
Updated CLUP
67
33
53
60
33
67
40
Early Warning
and Emergency
Alert System
53
27
40
47
47
53
20
DRRM
67
40
60
87
67
53
53
Clean Water
Act-related
33
13
13
33
27
27
Climate change
adaptaion
20
27
20
Watershed
Management
Plan
60
27
40
40
27
40
27
Forest Land
Use Plan
33
20
20
20
20
20
20
Disaster
Rehabilitation
Plan
47
33
40
47
33
27
33
Others
Banning the use of plastic for one LGU
Summary
Plans and Programs with most constraints:

Climate change adaptation
Plans related to Clean Water Act
Forest Land Use Plan
Watershed Management Plan
Most cited constraint for all plans and programs:

Adequate manpower
Multi-stakeholder mechanism
Skills training
23
REAP
Open Forum Highlights: Plenary Presentations
Funding local initiatives. Based on previous experiences of local governments

as well as some suggestions from conference participants, there are various
ways by which local governments can source and maximize funds for their
CCA and DRR-related initiatives. These include seeking project funding from
international or local donors as well as funding through the local budget (as
much as 70% of LGU calamity funds may be used for preparedness activities).
Projects may be implemented by phase to spread out the need for huge outlays
and implemented directly by the LGU instead of contracting them out. Projects
may also be designed to have livelihood or economic benefits, and beneficiaries
may co-finance through amortization arrangements.
Generating or accessing information. Participants, especially the LGU
representatives, expressed interest in ways to access and use technical
information such as hazard maps. PHIVOLCS, which offers hazard and risk
mapping services, provides training for local governments on the use of REDAS,
or the Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System, a noncommercial,
GIS-based software for computing hazards and preparing scenarios. Local
governments may use this software to build a database of their critical and
at-risk facilities and draw up impact scenarios based on known or expected
hazards in their area. For geo-hazard maps, which may be needed for
evaluating infrastructure projects, LGUs may request copies from the DENRs
Mines and Geosciences Bureau.
In order to generate other technical information that are needed in developing
CLUPs, LGUs belonging to the same watershed may consider working together
and pooling their resources so they can afford to tap the needed technical
expertise to do the study for them.
Information dissemination. It is important to spread technical information
as well as experiences and lessons learned on CCA and DRR, especially to
local governments. It was suggested to hold similar conferences at the regional
level, where local governments can more easily participate and share in the
costs. This will also ensure that the conference design is suited to address
local needs.
The importance of considering indigenous knowledge, systems and practices in
CCA and DRR was also raised and acknowledged. Participants also suggested
the use of standard communication materials, which may be developed at the
national level and disseminated to local governments.
Knowledge products from past projects or local initiatives may be compiled
and disseminated (examples given are the climate change school modules
24
developed by the University of the Philipines-Los Baos with

Albay province and materials on coping mechanisms in DRR
developed by a Food and Agriculture Organization-funded
project implemented by the Department of Agriculture in
Bicol).
WWF/Gregg Yan
NEDA planning manual. NEDA is working with HLURB in

developing new guidelines for updating of CLUPs. LGUs that
have completed or almost completed their CLUPs or other
local plans (Provincial Development and Physical Framework
Plan) may have to integrate some supplements if their
planning documents have elements that are different from
those provided by the new guidelines.
25
Highlights of Breakout Sessions
REAP
Session A: Upland/Agricultural Landscape

Moderator: Dr. Zenaida Sumalde, REAP/UPLB
Documenter: Ms. Lilia Raflores, REAP/DENR
A Reference Guide for Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (RIDF) Tables and

Curves for the Laguna Lake Basin
Mr. Edgardo Tongson, Director, WWF Philippines
aily rainfall data from manual sources (rain gauges) and telemetries observed
at rainfall stations within the Laguna Lake sub-region were combined and
harmonized to obtain information that planners and decision makers can use.
Rainfall intensity for 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50 and 100-year return periods were
calculated to generate iso-plubial maps. LGUs within the basin can use these
maps in the design and analysis of major flood control works (diversion channel
and retention/detention ponds), drainage system components (canals, pipe and
box culverts, etc), bridges and other river crossings.
The study showed that the new rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (RIDF)
tables would provide better estimation of peak discharges. This provides
relevant input to flood control management, planning and design of hydraulic
structures as well as to flood risk and damage analysis. In general, the study
recommended that: 1) RIDF tables and curves of the synoptic stations within
and around the Laguna Lake Basin should be updated by the Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
using the latest year (at least 2009) to account for higher rainfall intensity, 2)
a program to upgrade the EFCOS telemetry system (Effective Flood Control
Operation System) and to install new stations within the basin for the next five
years should be formulated and implemented, and 3) daily rainfall data of other
stations must be updated to the same year and RIDF estimates should be recomputed to minimize bias. Updating the RIDF tables on all stations should
also lead to the updating of isoplubial maps.
26
Analysis of Flooding and Rainfall Events in Laguna de Bay Basin through

Hydrologic Monitoring and Modeling
Mr. Emiterio Hernandez. Laguna Lake Development Authority
o determine the effectiveness of possible flood control structures in properly

managing the flow and height of water in the Laguna Lake basin area, the
study assessed the impacts of infrastructure development on the lakes hydraulic
regime. The construction of the Paraaque Spillway is one of the simulation
scenarios considered. Result shows that given the assumed dimensions of the
spillway, piling up of water during storm events cannot be prevented. However, it
can control water build up before the typhoon, leading to less extreme water levels
after the typhoon. It can also effectively reduce water during flood recession.
Nonetheless, the feasibility of this option needs careful study. It must also fit
with the overall master plan and should use existing knowledge on water system
functioning. The spillway has to be combined with other measures such as
improved catchment management, creation of floodplain storage in the Marikina
catchment and dredging of Pasig, Napindan and small tributaries.
Photo: LLDA
The effect of northern lakeshore

dike on water level and circulation
was also evaluated, including
the predicted velocity changes of
shoreland reclamation. Another
scenario considered was a five-meter
sea level rise in Manila Bay, which is
projected to increase water level in
the lake by two to three meters as
well as increase salinity intrusion.
This also leads to the need to revisit
existing hydrologic design parameters
and standards to consider changing
climatic conditions. Also, steps need
to be taken to address uncontrolled
development along floodplains such
as Metro Manila, since it reduces
the flood carrying capacity of waterways and increases flood heights and flood
hazards in areas beyond encroachment.
In general, to avert floods, water must be given space through retention basins
and floodplain protection, deepening of the Napindan Channel, and other
alternative options such as dredging of river mouths, creation of other storage
areas and optimization of flood control structures and reservoirs.
27
REAP
Open Forum Highlights: Upland/Agricultural Landscape
Watershed protection. Participants expressed interest in the watershed

protection and management aspect of Laguna Lake, as well as other important
watersheds that provide water to low-lying areas. For LLDA, they work with
local governments and civil society organizations in implementing re-greening
programs. Setting up payments for ecosystem services (PES) arrangements,
where water users in the lowlands pay for protecting the watershed in the
uplands, is one possible way of addressing watershed protection needs.
However, institutional mechanisms for payments for environmental services
are not yet in place.
Planning and prioritization. The master plan for Laguna Lake is being
developed by LLDA with UP Planades. The master plan will define the priority
programs and projects for the basin. It was also pointed out that it is necessary
to integrate the public- and private-initiated projects. The usual practice in the
Philippines is for government to plan for the public space while the private sector
plans for the private space. However, problems do not recognize boundaries.
In other countries, government prepares the development plan for the area
and the plans of the private sector for their properties follow the governments
requirements. The private sector must also internalize the cost of its contribution
to flooding (flood neutral concept).
Session B: Coastal Landscape

Moderator: Dr. Rodel Subade, REAP/UP Visayas
Documenter: Ms. Irene Belen, WWF
Challenges, Opportunities and Issues in Integrating CCA and DDR in the
Coastal Landscape
Mr. Ronnel Lim, Mayor of Gubat, Sorsogon
he municipality of Gubat in Sorsogon province is endowed with beautiful

beaches fronting the Pacific Ocean. However, its location, exacerbated by
highly dense population within its flood prone zone, renders it highly vulnerable
to climate change hazards. Some of its villages are being confronted with
problems on coastal erosion and defective infrastructure such as damaged
seawalls and septic tanks.
28
To meet the challenge of sea level rise, the most common

solution of the LGU is to build seawalls. Besides being an
expensive undertaking (PhP39M in 1995 prices), seawalls
provide a false sense of protection. A World Bank study
conducted in the municipality recommended that hard
infrastructure is not enough even if the LGU can afford it.
It has to be complemented with soft infrastructure such as
enhanced natural protection systems through seagrass
restoration or coral reef protection. Towards this end, the
municipality is working to establish marine protected areas to
protect its natural protection systems, especially in the highrisk zones.
Another challenge faced by the municipality is the dearth
of relocation sites. The land it acquired in 2008 for future
relocation site of informal settlers was declared by the DENRMGB an unfit for settlement after a geo-hazard mapping was
done in the area in 2009.
They are also trying to follow the mandate under the DRRM
law for every LGU to have a Local Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Office. But given personal service
limitations, the municipality cannot hire additional employees
(they already reached the 45% PF limit set by DILG). The
next available option is to tap an existing staff of the planning
office. However, since this is an extra work that holds a huge
responsibility, it is debatable whether this is a good solution.
Building Resilient Seas to Meet the Climate Change

Imperatives
Dr. Porfirio Alio, Professor, University of the Philippines-Marine
Science Institute
The Integrated Coastal Enhancement: Coastal Research

Evaluation and Adaptive Management (ICE CREAM) Project
was established to help build resilient seas. This initiative
is implemented in partnership with local governments and
is composed of eight projects from six institutions in Luzon,
Visayas, and Mindanao. Overall, the program has three focus
themes: coastal integrity, biodiversity and fisheries. It looks at
indicators and types of climate change-related exposure and
adaptation measures. It also works on building monitoring
systems and knowledge-based communities by establishing
WWF/Gregg Yan
ince the 1950s, the Philippines coastal fishery resources

have experienced rapid decline due to overfishing.
Despite various initiatives undertaken in the past to integrate
coastal resource management in national development goals
(Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan, Coral Triangle
Initiative, etc.), the problem persists and is further exacerbated
by the effects of climate change and other oscillations (e.g.,
El Nio phenomenon).
29
LGUs and community networks through stewardship arrangements and community

participation.
It also uses interrelated modeling/simulation scenarios to look at aspects such as
location regimes, wave surges, and movement of fishes from different areas as
they adjust to changing monsoon conditions. Analyses done include backtracking
of climate conditions (10,000 years past), coming up with area projections, and
incorporating LGU performance as one of the incentives to encourage participation.
Available decision support tools complement the analysis, including vulnerability
assessment and adaptation through GIS overlays and simulation scenarios and
adaptive responses at appropriate scales.
Results of these analyses feed into recommendations for adaptive management
measures such as coastal zoning guidelines, marine protected area networks, and
fisheries management. Dr. Alio emphasized the need to look at ecosystems as
sentinels or canaries and learn from the findings of the project so that actions will
be done with more discretion, hopefully leading to resilient seas.
REAP
Open Forum Highlights: Coastal Landscape
Scenario building and adaptation response. Modeling/simulation of impacts of

various conditions (e.g., intensity of storms) given an areas ecological attributes
and management interventions will guide the development of adaptation measures
appropriate to the area concerned. Based on these inputs, decisions can be made
on soft engineering responses like protecting natural buffers instead of building
seawalls.
Packaging technical information. Participants acknowledged the challenge of
translating technical information into forms that can easily be understood not only by
decision makers but also by local stakeholders such as fishers and residents. The
academe is trying to answer this challenge by linking their efforts with NGOs, NGAs and
POs that already have the needed communication skills. Suggested communication
tools/strategies include using game-like computer simulations, integrating information
into school curricula, and establishing community theater groups. It is also important
to discuss climate change in terms of how it will directly affect the community and its
immediate surroundings.
Possible funding mechanisms. Local governments can raise funds for CCA/
DRR by exploring mechanisms like payments for ecosystems services, issuing
non-compliance certificates to settlers of hazard-prone areas and imposing fines
those that refuse to move out after a given period, employing operations funds
for running businesses, and developing tourism areas. Climate change adaptation
30
has also been discussed as a component of the governments conditional cash

transfer program, although there is still no clear mechanism in place. LGUs,
with assistance from other sectors and partners, can explore other innovative
financing approaches which may be used to supplement the LGU calamity and
development funds. The new law on disaster risk management (RA 10121) also
allows local governments to access up to 70% of its calamity funds to be used for
disaster preparedness. Prior to the enactment of this law, the local governments
5% calamity fund can only be appropriated after an area is declared under a state
of calamity.
Session C: Urban Landscape

Moderator: Ms. Corinthia Naz, REAP/UP-NCPAG
Documenters: Ms. Bates San Gregorio, REAP/Ms. Ma. Teresa Agarrado, REECS
Urban Floods, Health, Water, Infrastructure and Epidemics Assessment and Measures
Arch. Felino Palafox Jr., Managing Director/Principal Architect, Palafox Associates
WWF/Lory Tan
ased on lessons that can be gleaned from past global disasters, disaster
preparedness response in construction and management should consider
the worst case scenario. However, the country is ill equipped in responding
to natural disasters. From the grim findings of the Metro Manila Earthquake
Impact Reduction Study, there is a
need to have enough evacuation
centers that comply with international
standards such as having 1 square
meter evacuation area/person or at
least 10 hectares. However, we dont
have enough open spaces as well as
emergency facilities such as clinic, food
and water stations, helicopter pads
and temporary shelter for casualties.
Poor urban planning in the metropolis
(poor oversight of building permits,
presence of growing number of illegal
settlers along major waterways) is
bound to have dire consequences.
As early as 1976-1977, a flood map for Metro Manila was drawn identifying
disaster prone areas as well as obsolete drainage and flood control systems.
A warning was issued that if development is allowed to take place, appropriate
infrastructure has to be built first in these areas. However, the government did not
take this warning seriously. While the Manggahan Floodway was constructed, its
parallel outfall (Paraaque Spillway) was never built. The spillway was supposed
to flush out excess water to Pasig River to avert flooding in Metro Manila and
surrounding municipalities of Laguna Lake.
After the 2009 flooding disaster, the Palafox team came up with ideas on
adoptive architecture (e.g., float your house) if relocation is not possible. This
includes building cities on stilts, particularly those located along floodplains, so
31
that the floodwater could flow underneath. They also proposed some disaster
action plans such as securing open spaces, creating disaster proof building
zones, implementing land use preparedness for disaster prevention, setting
up systems for fighting disasters, preparing disaster policy measures, and
promoting comprehensive flood control measures. In terms of current efforts,
PHILVOCS is doing hazard mapping, structural audit of public building and
bridges, learning best practices from other countries, and other initiatives.
Palafox advocates for green architecture (sky gardens), green energy (sloping
ceiling and maximize natural light and ventilation), green technology, and green
sustainable development. The vision is building safer towns and communities
that are better connected, more accessible, likeable, walkable, convenient,
cleaner, compact and meets the cross-dimensional needs of development.
Challenges, Opportunities and Issues in Integrating CCA and DDR in the Urban
Landscape
Engr. Honore Jordan, UN Habitat, Sorsogon City
orsogon Citys geographical location exposes it to climate hazards such

as tropical cyclones, storm surges, increased precipitation, increased
temperature, extreme rainfall/flooding and sea level rise. Recognizing their limited
knowledge on climate change as well as limited support for capacity enhancement,
the city welcomed partnerships with UN Habitat Philippines through its Cities and
Climate Change Initiatives and with UN-GoP Joint Program on Climate Change
(MDGF 1656) spearheaded by NEDA. They also looked within localized climate
change issues by assessing current and future vulnerabilities to project climate
change impacts. The citys topographic map aided in the simulation exercises of
different scenarios for sea level rise (0.5 m, 1 m, 2 m) as well as for the projected
level of inundation at urban coastal areas.
The city also undertook greenhouse gas emission profiling, which showed that
residential and commercial energy consumers as well as the transport sector
are the highest greenhouse gas emitters.
From stakeholder consultations and supplementary research, priority actions
per focus area were identified using capacity-based approach in development
planning. These include housing and basic services, livelihood and economic
development, environmental management and climate/disaster risk reduction.
These are considered as quick wins, or initiatives/actions that can be done
in a short-term with highest impact towards climate change resilience and
responsiveness while ensuring sustainable urbanization.
They also embarked on climate change adaptation strategies such as
establishing automatic weather stations and using Miracool (heat-shielding)
paint on the roofs of elementary school buildings. These measures are
supported by local ordinances that integrate climate change in schools and
institutionalize mitigation and adaptation in the governance and processes in
the city. Climate change issues are also being communicated in different fora
and media channels.
Another relevant initiative of the LGU is the updating of their CLUP based
on climate change data. The revised CLUP integrates regulations on climate
32
change and disaster resiliency with allowable land use. The policy zone now
takes into account three factors: level of risk, topography and use. Coastal/built
up areas are considered as hazard prone, inland/agriculture as low risk, upland/
agri-forest as medium risk and upland/protected forest as high risk.
REAP
Open Forum Highlights: Urban Landscape
Data sources for risk assessments. Sorsogon City used local data from
PAGASA in developing their climate change vulnerability studies. Since the city
is the demo project of UN Habitat, they have an arrangement with PAGASA for
specific technical research in their area to come up with projections and historical
records. However, for sea level rise, the only available observation is for Legazpi
City and what they have are mostly accounts validated from the community.
Zoning and policies. Policies that are being developed in Sorsogon City take
into account the citys new zoning recommendations. As an example, the city
is considering passing a local ordinance that would complement the socialized
housing requirements (e.g., houses built in high-risk urban coastal areas must
have elevated flooring).
Output of Group Workshops

The succeeding tables outline the workshop outputs of the three groups on
upland/agricultural, coastal and urban landscapes. These results cover issues,
needs/gaps for integration, institutions to guide and provide assistance, applied
research and training needs.
33
Workshop Results: Upland/Agricultural Landscape
Issues
Climate Change
Action Plan
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Communication/Information
LGUs not properly
informed on use of
calamity fund
Not all LGUs understand
what climate change is
Low level of awareness at
the grassroots level
Lack of advocacy
activities
Data are not organized to
address climate change
CCA and DRR
presentations are not
laymanized
Policy/Governance/Planning
Not all watersheds have
management plans due
to limited budget
Non-integration of
watershed plans
Watershed management
plans covers more than
one political unit while
CLUP is based on
political unit
No specific/permanent
office and personnel in
charge
No action plan
Climate change not
priority program of LGU
LGU/NGA/NGO
initiatives are sectoral;
not complementary or
integrated
Funding
Lack of/limited funds to
come up with the plan
No funding for creation of
specific/permanent office
Others
Planting calendar no
longer applicable vis--vis
traditional practices
Land tenurial conflict
Site-specific agriculture
related climate
responsive interventions,
e.g., drought and flood
resistant varieties
Needs
34
Data
Training or technical
assistance
IEC
Institutional mechanism
at LGU level, which
allows LGUs to access
data from NGAs, other
sources
Guidelines on how to do
integration
Policy and Funding

Operationalization of the
PES
Workshop Results: Upland/Agricultural Landscape (continued)

Climate Change
Action Plan
Data
Data on vulnerable areas,

physical resources
Inventory of available
Appropriate climate
change adaptation
technologies
Need for multistakeholder mechanism
Awareness building for
barangay leaders on
climate change
LGUs need to be
proactive
Institutions
Providing
Assistance
Foundation for the

Philippine Environment
gives support to NGOs/
POs/IPs on CCA DRR/
watershed management
as long as they are in
line with the foundations
thrust of biodiversity
conservation; can support
training needs of LGUs
through NGOs
National Climate Change
Commission
PHIVOLCS
PAGASA
NAMRIA
MGB
Applied
Research
Needs
Adaptation technologies
(simple techniques like rain
gauges, etc.)
Training Needs
GIS applications/mapping
Preparation of hazard
and other related maps
On-the-job training/
technical assistance
Tools on simulations
leading to good land use
allocation decisions
Monitoring and evaluation
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Need for integration
Consider watershed
characteristics
Valuation of water
resources
Hydrological studies
Siltation studies
35
Workshop Results: Coastal Landscape

Climate Change
Action Plan
Disaster Risk
Reduction
What we have
Enabling legal framework

and policy environment
(RA 9729 or Climate
Change Act of 2009)
National Strategic
Framework on CCA
Initiatives in the
development of national
plan on CCA
Various CCA capacity
building initiatives
Enabling legal framework

and policy environment
(RA10121 or Philippine
Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Act of
2010)
Various DRRM capacity
building programs from
NGAs, CSOs
Opportunities to partner
with various sectors
With supporting law such

as PD 705, Forestry
Code; EO 533 adopting
Integrated Coastal
Management (ICM)
strategy and policy
environment
(Note: no law; need
to identify who is
accountable to the forest/
plan; no agency to
take accountability; no
institutional framework;
except when proclaimed as
protected area under the
NIPAS Act)
Various initiatives and
programs, instruments on
and ICM
Issues
Inadequate information
and knowledge
Too focused on top-down
approach
Localization
Too many overlapping
environmental laws
Eroding coastlines
Illegal fishing
Flashfloods
Depletion of coastal
resources

approach
environmental laws
Unable to identify
hazardous areas
Identify status of
preparedness
Identify devastation in
locality
Clear planning guidelines
Proliferation of formal and

informal settlers
Political planning
approach on watershed
management
approach
environmental laws
Conversion mangroves
into fishponds
Diminishing mangrove
areas
Needs/Gaps
IEC
Need for awareness
among indigenous
peoples
Strengthening of
information sharing
among the various
stakeholders/sectors
Database and information
accessibility
Integration in school
curriculum
Continuous
mainstreaming especially
in far flung areas
Climate information data
Funding
Incentive programs
Proper allocation of
funds/legal appropriation
Valuation of damages
Partnerships with various
sectors
IEC
Strengthening of
information sharing
among the various
Integration in school
curriculum
Continuous
mainstreaming especially
in far flung areas
Strengthening grassroots
participation in planning
processes
Database and information
accessibility
IEC
Integration in the
curriculum
Continuous
mainstreaming
participation database
and information
accessibility
Strengthening of
information sharing
among the various
36
Funding
Incentive programs
Proper allocation of funds/
legal appropriation
Funding
Incentive programs
Proper allocation of
funds/legal appropriation
Workshop Results: Coastal Landscape (continued)

Climate Change
Action Plan
Needs/Gaps
Institutions
Providing
Assistance
participation in planning
processes
Identification and
prioritization by LGUs of
their CCAs strategies
Harmonization of existing
policies and initiatives
Revisit the National
Building Code
Opportunity for mixeduse coastal communities
advocate compact
development; avoid
sprawl
Others

Applied
Research
Needs
Disaster Risk
Reduction
PAGASA
DENR
DA
Philippine Ports Authority
BFAR
Donor (Local/
International) Agencies
Academe
Media
Other research
institutions
Climate Change Network
CSOs
CCC
Adaptation measures and

mechanisms
Documentation of
traditional knowledge
Should be tailored fit
for the situation in the
community
Water quality assessment
of physical, chemical &
biological aspects
Assessment of
component/existing local
capacity
Adaptation behavior
assessment of household
and local communities in
the coastal areas
policies and initiatives
Localization
Inter-LGU approach
Establishment of more
protected areas
policies
More deputized
environment officers
to ensure nurturing
mangroves, etc.
Application of ecological
succession in watershed
rehabilitation
Law to support watershed
management beyond PD
705
DENR-MGB
PHIVOLCS
DPWH
Academe
Media
Other research
institutions
CSOs
DRRNetPhils
Documentation of
for the situation in the
community
of physic chemical &
biological aspects
Local capacity to DRRM
Integrate all initiatives
on DRRM from various
sectors
Coastal disaster risk
pitching and financing
Conduct watershed
characterization
Conduct coastal resource
assessment
Documentation of
Pilot implementation of
ecological succession on
watershed rehabilitation
to the situation in the
community
of physic chemical &
biological aspects
Financing of gap analysis
DENR
BFAR
LGUs
Private and civic
institutions
Academe
Media
Other research
institutions
CSOs
Private sector
partnerships
37
Workshop Results: Coastal Landscape (continued)

Climate Change
Action Plan
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Training Needs
Use of climate change
indicators
All stakeholders/sectors,
not only LGUs should
undertake training
understanding and skills
Vulnerability and
adaptation assessment
Risk assessment
Monitoring and evaluation
Planning
Assessment and mapping All stakeholders/ sectors,

(GIS Application)
undertake training
All stakeholders/ sectors,
Conduct integrated
undertake training
watershed planning
approach training
Integrated DRR
Assessment &
Management
Vulnerability and
adaptation assessment
Risk assessment
Workshop Results: Urban Landscape

Issues
Priorities
of national
government
do not match
priorities of
local govt. (e.g.,
unregulated
land use vis-vis traffic
congestion/
intense land use
vs. protection
of natural
resources)
Lack of skills
for DRRM
Absence of
DRRM Plan
Different
understanding
of CCA and
vulnerability
and adaptation
assessment
by different
sectors
38
Neds
Environmental
impact
assessment
Gaps
Applied
Research
Needs
Traffic impact
assessment)
Integrated
land use and
transport plan
Training
Needs
Training of
officials on
CCA and
vulnerability
and
adaptation
assessment
Training on
REDAS
Vulnerability
adaptation and
assessment
tools for
different
sectors/sub
sectors
Training on
CCA and
vulnerability
and
adaptation
assessment
Training on
REDAS
Institutions
Government
(DENR,
DILG, NEDA,
PCUP,
HUDCC,
HLURB,
DAR, NIA,
NAMRIA,
DepEd)
Academe
(UPD-NCTS
-College of
Engineering,
SURP)
Research
institutions
NGOs (NGOs
(Oxfam,
Coastal Care)
Funding
agencies/
donors
Workshop Results: Urban Landscape (continued)

Issues
Neds
Lack of data
and maps
or access to
these
Outdated
land use
maps
Accurate and
updated maps/
data
Localization of
CC issues/laws
to suit local
scenario
Updated
HLURB
guidelines for
CCA /DRR
compliance
Low awareness
of CC issues
IEC at all levels

and sectors
Lack of
participatory
consultations
among
stakeholders
Multistakeholder
consultation for
esp. for NGA
projects
Sanctions for
illegal land use
conversion
Additional
regulations for
reclassification
and conversion
of agricultural
lands
Lack of
implementation
of the plans
Funding for
projects
Gaps
GIS
knowledge
Data
(primary and
secondary
data on
municipality
and barangay
levels
Difference
in figures
between
NSO and
CBMS data
Applied
Research
Needs
Training
Needs
Institutions
Capacity
building (CCA)
Geo-hazard
mapping
GIS
Research
on updating
HLURB
guidelines for
CCA /DRR
compliance
Training and
seminars on CC
at all levels and
sectors
Study on
economic
valuation of
lands
Implementing
mechanism
to spearhead
the crafting of
comprehensive
area
development
plan integrating
CCA/DRR
indicators
Additional
manpower
(especially
CPDO)
39
Workshop Results: Urban Landscape (continued)

Issues
Neds
Lack of urban EIA and

design
Integrated
Absence of
Transport Plan
integrated
land use and
transport plan
Lack of plans
on worst case
scenario
per type of
hazard
Influx of illegal
migrants/
settlers
Need for
resettlement
areas for rapidly
growing urban
areas
Reclassification/
rampant
conversion of
agricultural
lands, especially
in prime
agricultural
lands and
sloping areas
Use of idle
lands through
MOA between
owners and
LGU
40
Additional
regulations for
reclassification
and conversion
of agricultural
lands
Gaps
Applied
Research
Needs
Study of
appropriate land
use, and urban
design and
transport plan
Training
Needs
Training
on sectoral
planning,
contingency
planning
Institutions
Open Forum Highlights: Workshop Presentations

Lack of legal framework for watershed management. There
is no strong legal framework for watershed management.
While policies such as the NIPAS Act, EO 533, and PD 705
cover watersheds to a certain extent, there is still no entity or
governing body which has the mandate or accountability to
plan for watershed management. This is an important policy
gap, especially for watersheds that cover several provinces
or municipalities. For watersheds that are not proclaimed as
protected areas, there is no mandate for local governments
to develop a watershed plan. The Clean Water Act may be
the closest policy that may be used to mandate for watershed
management.
Role of government in planning for private lands. Local
governments can influence the way that private lands are
used for DRR, CCA, and watershed management through
the process of developing the CLUP, which include public
consultations. Landowners can give their consent for the use
of their lands or enter into agreements with local government
to facilitate certain land uses.
Managing water resources. While LGUs can pass
ordinances regulating the use of their freshwater resources
to avoid groundwater depletion, it should be kept in mind that
under the Philippine Water Code, this function is under the
mandate of the National Water Resources Board (NWRB).
LGUs seeking to monitor or regulate their ground water
resources should coordinate with the NWRB.
River management. Management plans on riverbank
occupation and riverbank enhancement are needed,
especially in highly populated urban areas where many
people live along riverbanks. Under the law, river easement
should be three meters for urban areas and 20 meters for
rural areas, although implementation of these requirements
is sorely lacking.
WWF/Gregg Yan
Informal settlers. Participants discussed ways to address the

problem of illegal settlers encroaching on watershed areas or
public/private lands. LGUs are mandated to provide socialized
housing to informal settlers and some are able to implement
good shelter plans for establishing housing projects. Private
landowners can also explore a win-win solution where the
landowners would benefit from the overall development of
their property on one hand; while on the other hand, informal
settlers can own a piece of land with decent housing and
access to amenities. LGUs, with the help of private sector,
can also exercise control to prevent the growth of informal
settlements within their jurisdiction.
41
Bala, Janette P.
Bandelaria, Chona T.
Briones, Romel U.
Cabanag, Fraulein
Cuaresma, Jocelyn
Cuevas, Cherry Z.
Florano, Ebinezer R.
Guyamin, Michael
Jovellano, Julieta A.
Karim, Junaid Ibne

M.
Macahia, Alma H.
Mercurio, Airill L.
Pecaso, Engr. Jerick

P.
Tejada, Marlyn L.
10
11
12
13
14
Name
No.
Position
Research
Associate
Faculty
Academic Faculty
Associate
Professor
Budget and
Management
Specialist
Research
Assistant
Academic
Teaching Faculty
Assistant
Professor
Academic Faculty
Assistant
Professor
MS
Head
Academic Faculty
Academic Faculty
List of Participants
Ateneo Social
Science Research
Center
De La Salle University,
Dasmarinas 4115
Rm 203-M NCPAG Bldg.,

University of the Philippines
Diliman 1101 Quezon City
Dasmarinas 4115
Dumaguete City, Negros

Oriental
c/o BSU, Alangilan Campus

Alangilan, Batangas City,
Batangas 4200
Dasmarinas 4115
Dasmarinas 4115
Mailing Address
De La Salle UniversityDasmarias
College of Science
Dela Salle University Dasmarias
Ateneo de Naga University
ASSRC, GF Dolan Bldg.,

c/o CE / ENSE Dept.,

BSU, Alangilan Campus
Alangilan, Batangas City
Dasmarinas 4115
Dasmarias 4115
PUP / Department of Budget 4F BMB-E Drive Bldg.,

and Management
II Gen. Solano St., San
Miguel Manila
UPD
UPD
Batangas State University
ACADEME
Agency
CE/ENSE Department Batangas State University
Biological Sciences
Department
Ateneo Social
Science Research
Center
National College of
Public Administration
and Governance
National College of
Public Administration
and Governance
Negros Oriental State

University
Agriculture and
Agribusiness
Research
Office
Fax
054-472 3178
046-416 4531
046-416 4531
loc 3093
490-100 loc
2626/2340
054-472 3178
046-416 4531
loc 3093
490-1000
loc 2625
981-8500 local 926 1432

4175
046-416 4531
927-9085
043-300 2202
loc 108
046-416 4531
046-416 4531
Contact Nos.
Velario, Noemi A.
Villareal, Francis F.
Vista, Arvin
16
17
18
MPDC
Wooden, Anthony D.
Cabrera, Merlina B.
Del Mundo, Corazon

Z.
Gonzales, Manuel
Medina, Erwin D.
Purificacion, Mildred
Vidallon, Virgilio H.
Almeida, Antonio B.
Gutierrez, Rosaly M.
Macabuhay, Walter
10
11
12
Laguna
MPDC
Gattud, Wilma
Councilor/
Chair, Committee
on Environment
and Health
MPDC
Administrative
Aide II
MENRO
Department Head
MENRO
Mayor
Mayor
Agage, Jerry S.
EMS II
Assistant
Professor
Program Head
Faculty
Head
Position
Northen Luzon
Ticsay, Mariliza V.
Name
15
No.
UPLB
De La Salle University
-Dasmarias
De La Salle Araneta
University
SEARCA
Agency
MPDCO-LGU Carmona,
Cavite
LGU Alfonso, Cavite
Sangguniang Bayan
Municipal
Government of Sta.
Cruz, Laguna
MENRO
LGU Victoria, Laguna
Municipal Government of
Sta. Cruz, Laguna
LGU San Pedro, Laguna
LGU Carmona, Cavite LGU Carmona Cavite
MPDCO-LGU
Carmona, Cavite
LGU-Alfonso, Cavite
MENRO Municipality of
Imus
LGU Silang, Cavite
Cavite
LGU Tadian, Mt. Province
LGU Tubo, Abra
LGU Tadian, Mt. Province
LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS
LGU Silang, Cavite
Department
of Agricultural
Economics
Civil and Sanitary

Engineering Program
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Agricultural Science
Knowledge
Resources Unit
Office
046-863 0000
046-472 3033
046-4143146
049-536 3292
02-710 4722
02-330 9128
loc 123
049-536 3459
loc 161
Contact Nos.
J.P. Rizal St., Escolapia

Bldg., Poblacion III Sta.
Cruz, Laguna
049-559 0433
049-501 3572
MENRO - LGU - San Pedro, 868-7401

Laguna
MPDC Office Municipality of 046-4303005

Carmona, Cavite
MPDC Office Municipality of 046-430 3005

Carmona, Cavite
LGU Alfonso, Cavite
MENRO - Municipality of
Imus
LGU Silang, Cavite
Tadian, Mt. Province
Tubo, Abra
Tadian, Mt. Province
UPLB Rm. 8, Ag Econ

Bldg., CEM, UPLB College
Laguna 4031
Dasmarinas 4115
Victoneta Ave., Malabon

City
UPLB Campus, College,

Laguna
Mailing Address
049-501
3572
046-430
3001
046-430
3001
046-471
6612
049-536
3292
02-330
9203
049-536
2283
Fax
Torres, Twila T.
16
Deloritos, Maria Ruth

M.
Gabriel, Karla Marie

V.
Inofre, Jr., Carlos E.
Mendoza, Ramoncito MPDC

Y.
Meneses, Cynthia T.
Villamor, Veronica G.
Velasco, Jr., Dioscoro MDRRMO
Dela Cruz, Glaiza F.
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Spokesperson
Supervising
Administrative
Officer
Planning Officer
IV
Executive
Assistant II
IT Officer
Planning Officer II
Brillo, Sheryl C.
Office
MPDO
LGU Pangil
MPDO
MPDO
Climate Change
Office
Office of the Mayor
CPDO
MPDO
MPDO
MENRO-LGU Tanay,
Rizal
MPDC - LGU Angono
Information
MIS
Technology Officer
I
MPDC
17
Rizal
Santos, Maria Paz G. MPDC
15
MPDC
Pablo, Danilo
14
MPDC
Position
Montales, Monita
Name
13
No.
Office of the Municipal

Planning and Development
Coordinator, Municipality of
Los Baos, Laguna
Municipal Government of
Pangil, 2/F Municipal Bldg.,
Barangay San Jose Pangil,
Laguna
Mailing Address
UN-Habitat, Sorsogon City
Sorsogon
LGU Nakar, Quezon
Quezon
City Government of Antipolo
LGU Muntinlupa
LGU San Mateo, Rizal
LGU Muntinlupa
3/F, City Hall, Antipolo City
Gen. Luna St., Brgy.

Guitong Bayan I, San
Mateo, Rizal c/o MPDC
Office 2/F, Municipal Hall of
San Mateo, Rizal
M.H. del Pilar St., Tanay

Rizal
ML. Quezon Ave., Bgy.San

Isidro Angono Rizal
City Government of Antipolo MIS, 2/F City Hall Bldg.,

M.L. Quezon cor. Carigma
st., Bgy. San Roque,
Antipolo City
LGU Los Baos, Laguna
LGU Pangil
LGU Sta. Rosa, Laguna
LGU Sta. Maria, Laguna
Agency
697-0394
862 4684
941 1904
654 1002
02-451 1983
695-1999
049-536 1385
049-5570252
049-511611
Contact Nos.
697-0394
941-1904
654-1002
02-451
1983
695-1979
049-557
0977
Fax
Huenda, Orlando F.
Alojado, Alain S.
Dasilao, Marietta
lanos, III, Nonito A. L
Abrera, Ma. Victoria

V.
Acay, Delfin R.
Adarme, Visitacion D. Staff
Alan, Elvira L.
Alcaria, Joselito
Francis
Baldosa Jr., Cornelio

B.
Basali, Francis G.
Caisip, John Waguel

B.
Constancio G. Alama
Corsino, Eliseo B.
Cruz, Dennis Joseph

A.
Custodio, Carlo C.
26
27
28
29
10
11
12
Position
CMMO
Supervising
Agrarian Reform
Program Officer
Staff
Regional
Technical Director
Chief
Admin Officer V
Sr. Science
Research
Specialist
Staff
Forest
Management
Bureau - DILG
Chief
Board Member
EMS I
Exec. Asst. III
CPDO
Name
No.
NEDA - Region 2
DA - Region 9
Protected Areas
and Wildlife Bureau,
DENR
Planning and
Management Division
DA - Special Projects
DENR - Region 7
NEDA - Region 2
NEDA - Region 2
Infres Project Office
Environmental
Planning and Policy
Protected Areas
DENR
DAR
Province of Davao Del Sur
LGU Koronadal City
Mindanao
LGU Bayawan City, Negros

Oriental
Visayas
LGU Sorsogon City
Agency
Mailing Address
Protected Areas and Wildlife

Bureau, DENR
DAR
DA - Region 9

Bureau, DENR
DENR - CAR
DA - Regional Field Office 2
DENR
DA
58 Don Basilio, Bautista

Malabon City
RFU 9 - Lenienza,
Pagadian City
80 Diego Silang St., Baguio

City
O/Sec, Elliptical Road,

Diliman, Quezon City
Tuguegarao City
2/F Jafer Bldg., 118 West

Ave., QC
Environmental Management EMB Bldg., DENR Cmpd.

Bureau, DENR
Visayas Ave., Quezon City
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Sangguniang
Panlalawigan
City Planning and

Development Office
Office
920 2243
Fax
925-8948
482 1395
062-991 3576
074-443 9406
920-1767
078-304 1243
454 2027
062-991
2536
074-443
9406
920-1767
928-7605 & 15 928-7605

local 108
& 15
928 8893
553-4195
Contact Nos.
Hubilla, Shandy M.
Maglaya, Mildred B.
Malano, Melody Ann
Mallare, Jaime P.
Masalaysay, Lina M.
Mendoza, Cecilia
Mendoza, Marlynn M. Chief PACAD
Mesina Jr., Victoriano Engineer III

A.
Mijares, Joybert F.
Muoz, Zenaida B.
Olivas, Kay S.
Pablo, Ralph C.
Paraluman, Larry
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Protected Areas
DENR
NEDA - Region 2
Development
Academy of the
Philippines
MDGF 1656 PMU,

Agriculture Staff
Office
Asst. Director
PO III/Chief
Chief
PO
Land Management
Bureau, DENR
Planning , M&E Proj.

Devt Office
Research and
Statistics Division
Protected Areas
DENR
DENR
Information
NAMRIA
Technology Officer
Ecosystem
Management
Specialist II
Staff
Agricultural
Productivity
Specialist
SPO
Gapuz, Edna
14
Sr. Programme
Assistant
Position
Enriquez, Kriszia
Lorrain
Name
13
No.

Ave., QC
DAP, San Miguel Avenue,

Pasig City
NEDA sa Pasig, 12 Jose

Maria Escueva Drive,
Ortigas Center Pasig City
1605
Mailing Address
DA - Regional Field Office

10
Land Management Bureau,

DENR
DA - Regional Field Office 2
DENR
Mines and Geosciences

Bureau, DENR

Bureau, DENR
DENR
Forest Management
Bureau-DENR
Antonio Luna st., Cagayan

de Oro City
Plaza Cervantes, Binondo,

Manila
477-3932
Fax
02-925 8278
284 4794
925 8950
810-5460
925 8947
243 6651
0788443006
02-925
8278
286 6119
925-8950 /
924-6031
loc 226
810-5460
925-8947
928-7605 & 15 928-7605

local 108
& 15
631-2131/69
631-2187
Contact Nos.
Nursery Cmpd., San Gabriel 078-8443006

Tuguegarao City 3500
Cagayan
Visayas Ave.
Lawton Ave., Fort A.

Bonifacio, Taguig City
Protected Areas and Wildlife Quezon Ave., Diliman,

Bureau, DENR
Quezon City
DA
NEDA - Central Office
Agency
Poserio, Leonor A.
Principe, Alvin
Principe, Eduardo
Quilloy, Ildefonso
Regalado, Rosario
Rotol, Luminada C.
Rudinas, Lourdes
Sawey, Martina
Surratos, Tristan
Tamayo, Nonito M.
Tenefrancia, Ma.
Buena Victoria T.
Tria, Julius B.
Villa-Venancio,
Fraulien
Villegas, Jan Irish P.
Virtucio, Leopoldo
Zabala, Nenita
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
Name
28
No.
Economist II
Sr. Science
Research
Specialist
AIP Technical
Support
Sr. Agrarian
Reform Program
Officer (SARPO)
AIP Technical
Support
Executive
Assistant of the
Regional Director
Officer in Charge
SPO
SUARPO
OIC - Chief
PDO III
Director III
SPO
Devt
Management
Officer III
Position
Planning and
Management Division
Mines and
Geosciences Bureau,
DENR
DAR - CAR
Office of the Assistant

Director
Development
Academy of the
Philippines
DAR - CAR
Planning Division
Economics Division
PDMS
DENR - NFO
Development
Academy of the
Philippines
Laguna Lake
Development
Authority
Office
DENR
Mines and Geosciences

Bureau, DENR
DA
DAR
DA
Department of Agrarian
Reform, CAR (DAR-CAR)
Forest Management
Bureau-DENR
Department of Agrarian
Reform, CAR (DAR-CAR)
DA - Regional Field Office

10
Forest Management
Bureau-DENR
DAR
DENR
Agency
Diliman. Quezon City
MGB Cmpd.,North Avenue,

Diliman, Quezon City

Ave., QC
DAR, Elliptical Road,

Diliman Quezon City

Ave., QC
51 Naguilian Road, Plaza

Natalia Bldg., Baguio City,
2600
Visayas Ave. Diliman.Q.C

Pasig City
Central Office

Pasig City
Km 24 Manila East Road,

Taytay Rizal
Mailing Address
Fax
074-300
3821
928 9313
02-926 0936
925-1183
02-926
0936
928-7605 & 15 928-7605

local 108
& 15
928 6429
928-7605 & 15 928-7605

local 108
& 15
074-445 4497
928-9313/9274788
631-2131
309-2653
088-227 27403 088-227

26564
426 7021
631-2135
286 6117
Contact Nos.
Gomez, Yolanda
Hinlo, Ma. Rheyda P.
Lojo, Ms. Nina
Togonon, Lara
Tumonong, Malyn
Alio, Porfirio M.
Antepuerto, Analiza
B.
Bellen, Imee
Cruz, Melinda
Daproza, Mariano
Encarnacion, Ronnie PDO
Francisco, Herminia
A.
Gaudiel, Rene G.
Gawe, Donald James
Gomez, Jr, Jose

Edgardo
10
Urban Planner
Mayor
Director
GIS Specialist
PDO
Project
Coordinator
PDO
Professor
Senior Advisor
Director
President
Project Officer
Programme
Coordinator
Crucio, Emmanuel P.
Position
Environmental
Adviser/
Consultant
Agoncillo, Oliver
Name
No.
NEDA - IVA
ENRD Program
Agency
UP-SURP
LGU - Bayawan City,

Negros Or.
EEPSEA
Landbank of the Philippines
WWF - Philippines
WWF - Philippines
UP Marine Science Institute
SPEAKERS/SPONSORS
GIZ
Philippine Institute of
Environmental Planners
Foundation for the Phil.

Environment
STREAMS of Knowledge
E.P Crucio Environmental

Planners
USAID
PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS
Asian Center for

Continuing Education
and Social Solidarity
Energy &
Environment
Office
NEDA IV Regional Office,

Real, Calamba, Laguna
Landbank Plaza, MH del

Pilar, Malate, Manila
Quezon City
2/F PDCP Bank Center,

Leviste cor Rufino st.,
Salcedo Village, Makati City
Imus, Cavite
77 Matahimik St., Teacher's

Village, Q.C.
1210 Bahia St., Pacific

Heights/Vista Grande,
Candulawan Talisay City,
Cebu 6045
Mailing Address
029223022
552-9997
Fax
035-5310650
528 8541
426-3927
892-9051 to 53 892-3374
02-9279403
554 27/71
6332-516 2407
552-9828
Contact Nos.
Guab III, Alfredo
Hernandez, Emiterio
C.
Jordan, Honore
Lim, Ronnel U.
Palafox, Jr., Felino
Palafox, Karima
Patricia
Pine, Ruel
Predo, Canesio
Revelo, Julius
Solidum, Jr., Renato
Acosta, Romeo
Balangue, Tonie
Bautista, Germelino
Castillo, Gem
Dimaguiba, Justin
Rachelle P.
Escover, Emma
Harder, Dieldre
Lasmarias, Noela
Lumbao, Lisa
Naz, Corinthia
Paraiso, Dr. Melly
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
10
11
Name
11
No.
Chair
Chief of Party
Consultant
Treasurer
student
President
President
Director
Project
Coordinator
P.D.
Partner Urban
Planner
President
Mayor
Project
Coordinator
Engineer IV
GIS Specialist
Position
Master of Arts in
Economics
NCPAG
USAID Phils.
Sanitation Alliance,
AECOM
REAP/REECS
REAP
St. Louis University,

Baguio City
REAP/REECS
REAP/REECS
REECS
ADB/DENR
PHIVOLCS
EEPSEA
Climate Change
Project-UN Habitat,
Sorsogon City
Office
PUP
UP Diliman
REECS
REAP MEMBERS
Palafox Associates
WWF - Philippines
Palafox Associates
Palafox Associates
Municipality of
Gubat,Sorsogon
UN
Laguna Lake Development

Authority
WWF - Philippines
Agency
812 1254
305 4096
920 7923
Contact Nos.
Lots 11&13, Block 4 Phase

1 Sta Barbara Villas 2
Barangay Silangan, San
Mateo Rizal
819 0687
Fax
716 7832 to 45 713 7070

loc 351
168 Salcedo St., Makati City 819 0687
Quezon City
Mailing Address
Raflores, Lilia
Ramirez, Mark
Anthony
Rapera, Corazon
San Gregorio,
Anabeth I.
Sanchez, Flor
Subade, Rodelio
Sumalde, Zenaida
Tongson, Edgardo
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Position
Professor and
Institute Director
MS
Faculty
Program Officer
Secretary
Jon Joseph G. Manlunas
Girlie Ruta
Catherine Bolante
Gerry Baldago
Bernie Batayola
Teresa Agarrado
Theresa Lorenzo
Michelle Palaypayon
Karen Mae Magtibay
Elena Marie Enseado
10
REECS STAFF/SECRETARIAT
Pealba, Linda
Name
12
No.
REAP/WWF
UPLB/REAP
Division of Social
Sciences
IARDS, CPAF, UPLB
CEM
DENR/REAP
IARDS, CPAF, UPLB
Office
University of the Philippines

Visayas
UP Los Baos
UP Los Baos
Embassy of Japan
UP Los Baos
Agency
Institute of Fisheries Policy

and Development Studies,
Baybay, Leyte
Mailing Address
033-315
9030/033-315
9033
049-536 3284
928 7327
049-536 3284
Contact Nos.
033-513
7012
Fax
About REAP
Resource and Environmental Economics Foundation of the Philippines, Incorporated is a
non-stock, non-profit association of professionals who are keen to actively participate in
and contribute to the formation of sound and appropriate programs, strategies and policies
involving natural resource and environmental economics and management concerns.
It is committed to harmonizing economic development, equity, environmental protection
and resource sustainability. This requires working closely and interactively with government
agencies, NGOs, civil society, industry and other members of the civil society.
We aim to promote critical involvement in discussions concerning the sustainability of
environment and natural resources.
Our objectives are as follows:

to conduct research, training, conferences, and meetings that will support legislators and
government chief executives in formulating and implementing sound and appropriate
programs, strategies, and policies involving natural resources and environmental
management concerns;
to promote development and institutionalization of environmental economics in tertiary

education; and
to strengthen networking and partnership among and between government agencies,

academic, and research institutions, NGOs, business specialists, donor agencies, and
international organizations and associations.
Membership to REAP is open to economists and other professionals who are committed to
the protection of natural resources and the environment.
For inquiries, please contact reapsecretariat@yahoo.com or:
Resource and Environmental Economics Foundation of the Philippines
c/o REECS, Suite 405, The Tower at Emerald Square
J.P. Rizal cor. P. Tuazon Sts, Project 4, Quezon City, 1109 Philippines
Telephone: +632 438-8858
Fax: +632 995-0556
Website: http://resenviecon.org/
The 5th Annual REAP Conference was organized by the Resource and Environmental Economics Foundation
of the Philippines, WWF-Philippines, and the Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia through
the support of Resources, Environment, and Economics Center for Studies, Landbank of the Philippines and the
Coca-Cola Foundation.
REECS

REAP Conference Proceedings

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REAP Conference Proceedings

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Proceedings of the

FRONT COVER - See separate file

Integrating Climate Change Adaptation, Disaster Risk

Conference Structure and Composition 

Climate Change and Adaptation to Extreme Climate Events 

Earthquake and Tsunami Preparedness and Risk Reduction 

Open Forum Highlights: Plenary Presentations 

Session A: Upland/Agricultural Landscape 

Open Forum Highlights: Upland/Agricultural Landscape 

Open Forum Highlights: Coastal Landscape 

Open Forum Highlights: Urban Landscape

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

climate change adaptation

Community/City Environment and Natural Resources Office

Comprehensive Land Use Plan

City Planning and Development Office

civil society organization

Department of Agrarian Reform

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Department of the Interior and Local Government

Department of Public Works and Highways

disaster risk reduction

disaster risk reduction and management

Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia

Forest Land Use Plan

geographic information system

Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board

Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council

Integrated Coastal Enhancement: Coastal Research Evaluation and Adaptive

information, education, communication

local government unit

Laguna Lake Development Authority

Mines and Geosciences Bureau

National Mapping and Resource Information Authority

National Economic and Development Authority

national government agency

National Water Resources Board

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor

Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office

payments for ecosystem services

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

Resource and Environmental Economics Foundation of the Philippines, Inc.

Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System

Resources, Environment and Economics Center for Studies, Inc.

University of the Philippines National Center for Transportation Studies

University of the Philippines School of Urban and Regional Planning

University of the Philippines Los Baos

University of the Philippines Visayas

United States Agency for International Development

Conference Structure and Composition

he two-day conference included plenary discussions and three

Experiences and technical

Research results on current

Overall, there were 148 conference attendees composed of participants

National government agencies

Local government units

Speakers and sponsors

REAP Board Members

Secretariat and REECS Staff

*Includes 2 resource persons from EEPSEA-IDRC

Mr. Edgardo E. Tongson

Ms. Ester Batangan

Conference Structure and Composition

Climate Change and Adaptation to Extreme Climate Events

Earthquake and Tsunami Preparedness and Risk Reduction

Open Forum Highlights: Plenary Presentations

Session A: Upland/Agricultural Landscape

Open Forum Highlights: Upland/Agricultural Landscape

Open Forum Highlights: Coastal Landscape