SKEMA

NO. 1 - 2
Soalan Jawapan Markah
1(a) (i) Alpha decay / Reputan alfa 1
(ii) The nucleus is unstable / Nukleus tidak stabil 1
(b) Shows on graph/ tunjukkan pada graph
5 year / tahun
1
1
Total / Jumlah 4

2 (a) Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.
Momentum adalah hasil darab jisim dengan halaju.
1
(b) (i) 3.5 kg m s
-1

(ii) 3.5 kg m s
-1

1
1
(c) (i) The total momentum after collision is equal to the total
momentum before collision.
Jumlah momentum selepas perlanggaran adalah sama dengan
momentum sebelum perlanggaran.

(ii) The principle of conservation of momentum
Prinsip keabadian momentum
1




1
Total/ Jumlah 5

NO. 3 4 (TIDAK TERIMA)
NO. 5 - 6
5 (a) The position of the paper in Diagram 4.2 is higher than in Diagram 4.1.
Kedudukan kertas dalam Rajah 4.2 lebih tinggi daripada dalam Rajah 4.1.
(b)

(c) The air above the paper flows with high speed and creates a region of low pressure.
The higher atmospheric pressure below the paper produces a resultant upward force, F
Udara di atas kertas mengalir dengan kelajuan yang tinggi dan menghasilkan suatu
kawasan yang bertekanan rendah. Tekanan atmosfera yang lebih tinggi di bawah
kertas menghasilkan suatu daya paduan ke atas, F
(d) (i) The paper will move further upwards
Kertas itu akan bergerak lebih ke atas
(ii) The difference in pressure increases and produces a greater force
Perbezaan tekanan bertambah dan menghasilkan satu daya yang lebih besar

(e) Bernoulli's principle
Prinsip Bernoulli
(f) Bunsen burner
Penunu Bunsen



6 (a) Resistance is the ratio of potential difference to the current flow // a
device that resists/impedes the current/electron flow in a circuit.

(b) (i) Cross sectional area 6.2 > 6.1
(ii) Potential difference 6.1 > 6.2
(iii) Current for both circuits are the same.

(c) (i) Resistance 6.1 > 6.2
(ii) As the cross sectional area increases, resistance decreases

(d) 1. Decreases
2. Because total/effective resistance decreases







NO. 7 - 8

7(a)(i) 1 Reciprocal of focal length in meter 1
(ii) 1

1
f = 1/P
= 1/5
= 0.2 m = 20cm

2
(iii) 1 Between f and 2f 1
(iv) 1 The brightness of the image is reduced.

1
(v) 1 Light refraction 1
(b) 1

1
1


1
Lens Q

(i) Q is a combination of convex and concave lenses.
(ii) Concave at the upper section for viewing far objects. //
Concave lens increase the image distance to focus the image
onto retina.
(iii) Convex at the lower section is for viewing near objects. //
Convex lens reduces the image distance to focus the image
onto retina.
4
TOTAL 10

8(a) 1 The light which has one wavelength / one colour / one
frequency
1
(b) 1 The distance between consecutive bright fringes are constant. 1
(c)(i) 1 The distance between two consecutive bright fringes will
decrease
1
(ii) 1 a is inversely proportional to x 1
(d) 1

Diffraction // Interference

1
(e) 1
1
Constructive interference produces bright fringe.
Destructive interference produces dark fringe
2
(f) 1
1
1
1
Two / many
Sound produced covers a bigger area
Carpet floor / soft floor surface
To absorb sound and reduce the echoes
4
(g) 1 Hall B 1
TOTAL 12






NO. 9 10

a The energy of an object due to its higher position.
Tenaga objek kerana kedudukan yang lebih tinggi.
1
b Height of the ball at P > Q
ketinggian bola pada P > Q
1
Gravitational potential energy of the ball at P > Q
Tenaga keupayaan graviti bola pada P > Q
1
velocity of the ball at Q > P
Halaju bola pada Q > P
1
kinetic energy of the ball at Q > P
Tenaga kinetic pada Q > P

The greater the gravitational potential energy, the smaller the kinetic
energy
Makin tinggi tenaga keupayaan graviti, makin rendah tenaga kinetik
1
c Due to the high position, the ball has gravitational potential
energy.
When the ball is released gravitational potential energy convert to
kinetic energy.
When the ball hit the ground, kinetic energy convert to heat and
sound energy.
Based on principal of conservation of energy, total amount of
energy in a system always constant.
Oleh kerana kedudukan yang tinggi, bola mempunyai tenaga
keupayaan graviti.
Apabila bola dilepaskan tenaga keupayaan graviti menukar
tenaga kinetik.
Apabila bola mencecah tanah, tenaga kinetik kepada haba dan
tenaga bunyi.
Berdasarkan Prinsip Keabadian Tenaga, jumlah tenaga dalam
sistem adalah sentiasa sama.
1
1

1


1
e
i





ii



iii

iv

v
Modification Explaination
Semi-circular
Separuh bulat

Exchange between kinetic
energy and gravitational
potential energy easily
Memudahkan pertukaran antara
tenaga kinetik dan tenaga
keupayaan gravity
Increasing slope slightly
Kecondongan trek bertambah
sedikit demi sedikit
Easily oscillates
Mudah berayun

Smooth
Licin
Reduce frictional force
Mengurangkan daya geseran
Soft layer
Lapisan nipis
Reduce impulsive force
Mengurangkan daya impuls
Strong
Kuat
Withstand high force
Menahan daya yang tinggi

2

2


2



2


2
20





NO. 10 - 11
10.
a Current produced through electromagnetic induction
Arus yang dihasilkan melalui induksi elektromagnetik
1
b i Diagram 10.1 > Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.1 > Rajah 10.2
1
ii Diagram 10.1 > Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.1 > Rajah 10.2
1
iii Diagram 10.1 > Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.1 > Rajah 10.2
1
c i The greater the number of turns of the solenoid, the greater rate of
cutting of the magnetic flux.
Makin banyak bilangan lilitan solenoid, makin tinggi kadar
pemotongan fluks magnet
1
ii The gteater the rate of cutting of magnetic flux, the greater the
magnitude of the induced current procuded
Makin tinggi kadar pemotongan fluks magnet, makin besar
magnitud arus aruhan yang dihasilkan.
1
d Transformer works based on the principle of electromagnetic
induction.
When alternating current flows in the primary coil, magnetic field
produced
The magnetic field lines cut through the secondary coil and
produce changing magnetic flux
Induced e.m.f produced and induced current flow in secondary
coil.

Transformer berfungsi berdasarkan prinsip induksi
elektromagnetik
Apabila arus ulang alik mengalir di dalam gegelung primer, medan
magnet dihasilkan
Garis-garis medan magnet memotong gegelung sekunder dan
menghasilkan fluks magnet yang berubah-ubah
dge teraruh dihasilkan dan arus aruhan mengalir dalam gegelung
sekunder.

1
1

1

1
e
i
ii
iii

iv

v
Modification Explaination
Copper
Kuprum
Low resistance
Rintangan rendah
Thick
Tebal
Reduce resistance
Mengurangkan rintangan
Soft iron
Besi lembut
Easily magnetized and
demagnetized
Meningkatkan dan megurangkan
keelektromagnetan dengan
mudah
Laminated
lapisan gegelung luar
Reduce eddy current
Mengurangkan arus eddy
Winding secondary coil on the
top of primary coil
Melilitkan gegelung sekunder
pada bahagian atas gegelung
primer
Reduce the leakage of magnetic
flux.
Mengurangkan tumpahan
aruhan electromagnet


2

2


2



2


2
20
NO. 11 - 12

11. (a) (i)


(ii)












(b) (i)




(ii)


Keseimbangan terma bermakna dua jasad yang bersentuhan
mempunyai suhu yang sama dan pemindahan haba bersih
antara dua jasad itu adalah sifar.
Thermal equilibrium means two bodies which are in contact are
at the same temperature and the net transfer of heat between
the two bodies is zero

- Suhu air mendidih adalah lebih tinggi dari suhu
thermometer
- Maka haba mengalir dari air mendidih ke thermometer
sehingga mencapai keseimbangan terma
- Suhu air mendidih adalah sama dengan suhu thermometer
.
- Tiada aliran haba bersih pada 100
o
C.

- The temperature of the boiling water is higher than the
temperature of the thermometer.

- Hence, heat flows from the boiling water to the thermometer
until they achieve thermal equilibrium

- The temperature of the boiling water is the same as the
temperature of the thermometer.

- No net heat flows at 100
o
C

Haba yang dibebaskan oleh M = Haba yang diserap oleh air
500 x 800 x ( 100-0 ) = 200 x 4200 x ( -30)
4000 400 = 84 2 520
= 52.6
o
C

Andaian - tiada haba yang hilang ke persekitaran atau diserap
oleh cawan polisterina.
Assumption No heat is lost to the sorrundings or absorbed by
1








1

1

1

1













1

1

1

1


1





























c


the polystyrene cup
Ciri-ciri /
characteristic
Alas an / reason
1. penutup harus
dibuat dari
plastic berongga.
Stopper must be
made of hollow
plastic




Sebab plastic dan udara adalah
konduktor haba yang lemah,
kurang haba yang hilang melalui
penutup
As plastic and air are poor
conductor, less heat is lost
through the stopper
2. Ruang P adalah
vakum
Space P is a
vacuum
Supaya haba daripada minuman
panas tidak dapat melalui vakum
ke luar kelalang melalui
pengkonduksian atau perolakan.

So thay heat from the hot drink
cannot pass through the vacuum
to the outside of the flask by
conduction or convection

3. tiub dinding dua
lapis dibuat
daripada kaca.
The double-walled
tube is made of
glass
Sebab kaca adalah konduktor
haba yang tidak baik, akan
mengurangkan kadar
kehilangann haba keluar.

As glass is a bad conductor of
heat and will reduce the rate of
heat loss to the outside


Tiub dinding 2 lapis
disalut dengan cat
berkilat
The double-walled
tube is coated with
a shiny paint

Sebab permukaan berkilat
memantulkan haba daripada
dinding kelalang termos.
As a shiny surface reflects heat
from the wall of the thermos flask.

Kelalang termos W paling sesuai. / most suitable :
thermos flask W
Sebab . penutup adalah plastic berongga, . Ruang P
adalah vakum, tiub dinding dua lapis dibuat daripada
kaca. Dan disalut oleh cat berkilat.

As it hasa hollow plastic stopper, Space P is a
vacuum, The double-walled tube is made of glass
which is coated with a shiny paint.







2






2





2





2



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20m





12 (a) (i)



(ii)

(iii)


(b)




(c) (i)




(ii)


the splitting of heavy nucleus become two lighter nucleus and
energy is release
Tindakbalas apabila nuklid berjisim besar dipecahkan menjadi dua
nuklid yang kecil dan tenaga dibebaskan.

Heat energy kinetic energy electric energy

No air polusion by dust // long lasting used


To control the reaction , the number of neutron which bombard the
uranium atoms must be reduced.
Moderator graphite in reactor to slow down the neutron.
While the boron rod absorb the neutron


Defeated mass, m =( 236.05 - 235.87 )
= 0.18 amu
= 0.18 x 1.66 x 10
-27
kg
= 2.988 x 10
-29
kg

E = 2.988 x 10
-29
( 3 x 10
8
)
2

= 8.964 x 10
-13
J
1



1

1


1

1
1



1

1

1
1


























(d) (i)







(ii)

(iii)



chateria reason
Beta ray - can penetrates the soil

Half life short isotope is stable in short time so the water
not harmful for consumer

Solid and soluble in
water
easy to handel and can mixed with water
easily

Most suitale is Na-
24
because emits beta // half life 5 h//
solid and soluble



Geiger-muller tube

Beta can penetrates the mica windows






2
2
2

2


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20 m