-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 4 -†-´ç-•®Ω’ 2007 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Vipul: (I) missed you for almost a week. Look at the following sentences from the
Where had you been? conversation above.
Prapul: I've just returned from Chinnapalle. I 1) Have there been suicides there too?
was among our classmates who had 2) It's a pity that in a village of 6000 population,
been there on a social work project. there have been nineteen suicides.
We carried out some social work there 3) It's sad that the government hasn't done
for about a week. much about it.
(*†o-°æ™„x †’ç* É°æ¤púË AJíÌî√a†’. Åéπ\-úÓ 4) It's unfortunate that most of the schemes do
social service 鬮Ωu-véπ-´÷-EéÀ ´÷ é¬xÆˇ- not reach the poor.
5) It's obvious that corrupt officials and politi-
¢Ë’ö¸qûÓ Øˆ÷ ¢Á∞«x†’. ã ¢√®Ωç §ƒô’
Åéπ\úø ≤ƒç°∂œ’éπ ÊÆ¢√ 鬮Ωu-véπ´’ç E®Ωy- cians prevent the funds from going to the
EXERCISE
6) It's true...
£œ«çî√ç.) farmers. (ÅC Eïç)
Vipul: Have there been suicides there too? Practise the following aloud using introductory
6) It's true that middle men swindle most of the a) It's true that some land grabbers have
(Åéπ\úø èπÿú≈ Çûªt-£æ«-ûªu©’ ïJ-í¬ßª÷?) funds. government support = It/ there when possible.
Prapul: You mean of farmers? Oh, quite a Nakul:
7) It's probable that some poor farmers are not éÌçûª-´’çC ¶µº÷ éπ¶«b-ü∆-®Ω’-©èπ◊ v°æ¶µº’ûªy ´’ü¿lûª’ ¢√úÕ-éπ\-úÕéÀ ®√éπ-§Ú-´úøç Ǩ¡a-®Ωu¢Ë’.
good number. It's a pity that in a village
aware of these schemes. Öçü¿ØËC ¢√Ææh´ç/ ߪ’ü∆®Ωnç/ Ææûªuç. Manoj: à-N’ôçûª Ǩ¡a®Ωuç? ¢√úÌÊÆhØËç, ®√éπ-§Ú-
of 6000 odd population there have
8) Is it a fact that nearly Rs. 30 lakh meant for b) It was true that he had cheated the ûËØËç?
been nineteen suicides.
your village...? government = Nakul: ¢√úøçõ‰ Fèπ◊ É≠æd癉ü¿-ØËC ûÁL-Æ œçüË éπü∆?
(È®jûª’© Çûªt-£æ«ûªu© í∫’Jçî√ †’´y-ØËC? î√™«ØË. (clear ¢√úøçúÕ.)
-Ç®Ω’-¢Ë-© *©x®Ω ïØ√¶µ« Ö†o Ç ví¬´’ç™ Éçûª´- 9) It's not surprising if it has been. Åûªúø’ v°æ¶µº’-û√yEo ¢Á÷Ææç î˨»-úø-ØËC ߪ’ü∆®Ωnç.
éÀçü¿öÀ lessons ™ Introductory It/ there ûÓ 7) It's probable that... Manoj: †’´¤y ††’o Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´úøç Nî√-®Ω-
®Ωèπ◊ 19 Çûªt-£æ«-ûªu©’ ïJ-í¬®·.)
begin îËÆœ† sentences ™ '...ing' form ¢√úøôç probable = ïJÍí/ ÖçúË Å´-鬨¡ç Öçúøôç éπ®Ωç. (sad ¢√úøçúÕ.)
Vipul: It's sad that the government hasn't
îª÷¨»ç. É°æ¤púø’ ´·êuçí¬ Introductory It ûÓ a) It's probable that he came here when I Nakul: ¢√úÕéà Fèπ◊ ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ -¶µ‰-ü∆-©’ Öçúøôç
done much about it. They've
v§ƒ®Ω綵º¢Á’i, 'that' clause was away =
announced a number of schemes for Eïç é¬ü∆?
their welfare, though. (That ûÓ v§ƒ®Ω綵º´’ßË’u ؈’ ™‰†°æ¤púø’ Åûª-úÕ- Manoj: ÅC Eï¢Ë’. Ø√èπ◊ Å•-ü∆l¥©’ îÁÊ°p-¢√-∞¡xçõ‰
(¨îª-F-ߪ’-¢Á’i† N≠æߪ’ç à-N’ôçõ‰ v°æ¶µº’ûªyç clause) ᙫ ´≤ƒhßÁ÷ éπ\úÕéÀ ´*a ÖçúÌa/ É≠ædç ™‰ü¿-ØËC ߪ’ü∆®Ωnç.
îª÷ü∆lç. ÉC spoken ´îËa Å´-鬨¡ç ÖçC.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 378 It's probable + that...
ü∆Eo í∫’Jç* °ü¿lí¬ àç îËߪ’-™‰-ü¿-ØËC. Nakul: Å®·ûË ¢√úø’ Å•ü∆l¥©’ Çúø-û√-úøç-ö«¢√?
English ™ very com-
î√™« °æü∑¿-鬩’ v°æéπ-öÀç-*-†-°æp-öÀéÃ.)
(That clause) Manoj: ؈C ¢ËÍ® îÁ§ƒp™«?
mon.
Prapul: It is unfortunate that most of the
ANSWER
schemes do not
Nakul: It's a surprise/

Have ther e been suicides ther e too?

reach the poor-
est farmers. surprising that
They are little he hasn't come.
benefited by Manoj: What's so sur-
these schemes prising about it?
though they are meant for them. àüÁjØ√ äéπ N≠æߪ’ç ÆæçûÓ-≠æ-éπ®Ωç/ b) Is it probable that he can pass? Nakul: It's clear that you don't like him.
(Ñ °æü∑¿-鬩’ î√™« Ê°ü¿¢√∞¡x-®·† È®jûª’©ü∆é¬ ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%-≠d-éæ π®Ωç/ Ǩ¡a-®Ωu-éπ®Ωç/ ¨îª-Fߪ’ç/ = Åûªúø’ §ƒÆˇ ÅßË’u Å´-鬨¡ç Manoj: It's sad that you can't understand me.
¢Á∞¡x´¤. Ñ °æü∑¿-é¬-©-´©x ¢√JéÀ v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç Nî√-®Ω-éπ®Ωç ÅØË Å®√n-©ûÓ ÉN áèπ◊\´ Öçü∆? Nakul: Isn't it a fact that you have differences
™‰†õ‰x, ÅN ¢√∞¡x éÓÆæç Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ.) ¢√úøû√ç. ´’†ç É™«çöÀ sentences Is it probable + that... (That with him?
Vipul: It is obvious that corrupt officials and ¶«í¬ practice îËü∆lç. Manoj: It's true (that I have). It is clear that I
clause)
politicians prevent the funds from 1) Have there been suicides there don't like people who lie/ liars.
8) Is it a fact that...?
going to the farmers. too? M.SURESAN Nakul: (Do) you mean he lies? He is a liar?
fact = ¢√Ææh´ç
(ÅN-FA ÅCµ-é¬-®Ω’©’, ®√ïéÃߪ’ Ø√ߪ’-èπ◊©’ Ñ í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ: Ééπ\úø ¢Á·ü¿öÀ 'There' a) Is it a fact that you met him yesterday? =
Manoj: Need I say that again?
Eüµ¿’-©†’ Ê°ü¿ È®jûª’-©èπ◊ îÁçü¿-èπ◊çú≈ îËÆæ’h-Ø√o- introductory. Åçõ‰ Ñ there sentence v§ƒ®Ωç-
¶µ«-EÍé. Question 鬕öÀd verb ûª®√yûª ´*açC.
v°æ¨¡o:
®Ω-ØËC ûËô-ûÁ©xç.) †’´¤y ÅûªúÕE E†o éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç ߪ’ü∆-®Ωn-
Prapul: It is true that middlemen swindle most (Ñ question èπ◊ answer: Yes, there have ¢Ë’Ø√?
been suicides there (= in that place - Ñ Is it + a fact + that... (That clause) We reached home after
of the funds too.
there èπ◊ Å®Ωnç É™« ´Ææ’hçC) too.) b) It is not a fact that he came here = the sun had set. -Ñ -¢√éπuç-
(ü¿∞«-®Ω’©’ Ñ Eüµ¿’™x î√™«-¢√-öÀE é¬ñ‰-Ææ’h-Ø√o- correct
2) It's a pity that ... = ÅC ¨îª-Fߪ’ç
®Ω-ØËC Eïç.) Åûª-E-éπ\-úÕéÀ ®√´úøç Eïç é¬ü¿’. -Å-Ø√o®Ω’. -Ñ -¢√éπuç--
It is (not) + a fact + that (That clause) ™ - after before
•-ü¿’-©’
swindle = é¬ñ‰-ߪ’ôç It's a pity that he couldn't pass =
9) It's not surprising that ....
-¢√-úÌ-a éπ-ü∆! -N-´-®Ωçí¬
Vipul: It is probable that some poor farmers ¢√úø’ §ƒÆˇ 鬙‰éπ-§Ú-´úøç ¨îª-Fߪ’ç/ ¶«üµ∆-éπ®Ωç. -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’í∫-©®Ω’.
are not aware of these schemes at all. It's (It is) a pity + that he couldn't pass (that = ÅüËç-°ü¿l Ǩ¡a®Ωuç é¬ü¿’
clause)
-ï-¢√-•’:
It's not surprising that/ it's no surprise that
– °œ.-vÊ°-¢˛’-îªç-ü˛, -*-©éπ-©÷-JÊ°-ô.
(éÌçûª´’çC Ê°-ü¿ È®jûª’-©èπ◊ -Ñ °æü∑¿-é¬-©
3) It's sad .... = ÅC Nî√-®Ω-éπ®Ωç =
1) We reached home before the sun has
í∫’Jç* ûÁLߪ’-éπ-§Ú-´úøç èπÿú≈ ≤ƒüµ¿u¢Ë’). ÅüËç Ǩ¡a®Ωuç é¬ü¿’
a) It's sad that Dravid has been dropped. Kesav: Most people here have lung dis-
Prapul: Is it a fact that nearly Rs 30 lakh set. 2) We reached home after the sun
(Dravid eases.
meant for your village has been divert- had set.
†’ ïô’d-™éÀ BÆæ’éÓ-éπ-§Ú-´úøç Nî√-®Ω-éπ®Ωç.) -O-öÀ-E °æ-J-Q-L-ü∆lç:
ed to the MLA's village? b) It's unjust that Dravid has been ignored. (Ééπ\úø î√-™«-´’ç-CéÀ ¨»yÆæ-éÓ¨¡ ¢√uüµ¿’-©’- 1) We reached home before the sun has
(Dravid
set- Main clause verb- reached- past
(O’ ví¬´÷-EéÀ ÖüËl-Pç-*† 30 ©éπ~© ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’- †’ °æJ-í∫-ùÀç-îª-éπ-§Ú-´úøç ÅØ√uߪ’ç.) Ø√o®·.)
c) It's clear that injustice has been done to Arjun: It is not surprising that they have tense; subordinate cl verb- has set- pre-
©†’, MLA ví¬´÷-EéÀ ´’Rxç-*† N≠æߪ’ç the south.
Eï-¢Ë’Ø√?) the diseases. The factory here pol- sent tense- sen-
É™« -Öç-úø-ôç-´©x, Ñ
Vipul: It is not surprising if it has been.
(ü¿éÀ~ù ¶µ«®Ωûª Çô-í¬-∞¡xèπ◊ ÅØ√uߪ’ç ïJ-Tç-ü¿-ØËC lutes the atmosphere. tence We reached home
ûª°æ¤p-éπü∆.
Ææp≠ædç.) (¢√∞¡xé¬ ¢√uüµ¿’-©’ç-úøôç Ǩ¡a-®Ωu¢Ë’ç é¬ü¿’. before the sun had set ÅØ√o ûªÊ°p éπü∆?
(Å™« ïJ-TûË NçûËç é¬ü¿’.) It's + sad/ unjust/ clear + that... (that clause) Ééπ\úø earlier past action- reaching
Prapul: Let's hope that India will see better 4) It's unfortunate that...
Ééπ\úÕ §∂ƒuéπdK ¢√û√-´-®Ω-ù«Eo éπ©’-≠œûªç
home. reach, past perfect
Åçü¿’-´©x
days. It's unfortunate that we lost the match.
îËÆæ’hçC.)
It's not + surprising + that... (That clause) form, had reached Setting of
Öçú≈L.
(¶µ«®Ω-û˝èπ◊ ´’ç* ®ÓV©’ ´≤ƒhߪ’E ÇPü∆lç). = ´’†ç ´÷uî˝-™ ãúÕ-§Ú-´úøç ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%≠ædç. the sun- later past simple- set
It's a surprise that Dravid has been dropped
Öçú≈L.
It's + unfortunate + that ... (that clause) correct sentence, We had





Å°æ¤púø’
5) It's obvious. obvious = = Dravid
reached home before the sun set
Ææp≠ædç/ ûËô-ûÁ©xç †’ ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç Ǩ¡a-®Ωu¢Ë’.
éÀçü¿öÀ lessons ™ îª÷¨»® éπü∆– It ûÓ, There a) It's obvious that Tennis is a game for the It's + a surprise + that.... (Ææ÷®√u-Ææh-´’ߪ’ç ´·çüË -¢Ë’-´· -É-©’x -îË®√ç
ûÓ ¢√é¬u©’ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-îª-´-îªaE, Å™«çô°æ¤púø’ ¢√öÀéÀ rich = õ„EoÆˇ üµ¿†-´ç-ûª’©’ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ Çúø-í∫© (That clause) ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ).
Å®Ωnç àç Öçúøü¿-E. Sentence v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µ«-EéÀ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ véÃúø ÅØËC Ææp≠ædç/ ûËô-ûÁ©xç. (ÉC îª÷úøçúÕ: It's a surprise, Dravid losing 2) We reached home after the sun had
¢√úø-û√-´’E, ¢√öÀE Introductory There/ It Åçö«- It's + obvious + that ... (That clause) his place in the team. Introductory It †’ É™« set = Ææ÷®√u-Ææh-´’ߪ’ç ûª®√yûª É©’x îË®√ç–
´’E ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®. b) It was obvious that it was a murder and èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç. °j sentences ÅEoçöÀE É™« sentence correct
Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ Â°j éπü∆? É©’x
É°æ¤púø’ Introductory 'It' ûÓ spoken English not a suicide = ´÷®Ωaú≈-EéÀ v°æߪ’-Aoç-îªçúÕ. had reached.
îË®Ωôç ´·çü¿’, Åçü¿’-éπE,
™ Ææ®Ωy-≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ NE-°œçîË ´’JéÌEo- ®Ω-鬩 pattern ÅC £æ«ûËu, Çûªt-£æ«ûªu é¬ü¿-ØËC ûÁ©’-Ææ÷hØË ÖçC/ It's a pity/ surprise/ sad, etc + somebody/ the sun
Ææ÷®√u-Ææh-´’ߪ’ç, ûª®√yûª, Åçü¿’-éπE,
ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç. Ææp≠ædç. something + ...ing form) set.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm