Sensors and Actuator Network Based Architectures and Protocols for Smart Homes

Bluetooth enabled Smart Home

Project Proposal
Mieso Denko
Mark Shaw 5!55
"ior#io Polatino 5$5%&
Introduction
Home automation deals with the specific automation re'uirements of homes and in the
application of automation techni'ues for the comfort and securit( of its residents) *his
can include controllin# the li#hts+ climate control+ control of doors and windows+ securit(
and sur,eillance s(stems) *here are currentl( se,eral products on the market that allow
home owners to control these de,ices) *his is normall( controlled b( a handheld remote
that communicates with the de,ices usin# a mesh wireless network or a wired network)
*hese t(pes of de,ices re'uire a uni'ue and dedicated de,ice to communicate with the
automated products)
-ne of the basic s(stems on the market is made b( i.ontrol /01 and is eas( to install and
e2pandable) *he s(stem uses the &!3)$$ wireless protocol to transmit si#nals from the
,arious de,ices to a control bo2 which is connected to the internet) Some of the de,ices
the compan( offers specificall( for elderl( care include4 cameras+ window5door sensors+
motion sensors+ water sensors+ free6e sensors+ panic pendants5wristwatches+ smoke
detectors+ carbon mono2ide detectors+ lamp modules+ and thermostats) All of the de,ices
are connected wirelessl( to the control bo2 which then allows the de,ices to be monitored
and controlled usin# the companies website) *his s(stem is perfect for the elderl(
because it is eas( to use and it allows famil( members to monitor the house to ensure that
their relati,e is safe+ it is portable and can easil( be installed in an e2istin# home) *he
major drawbacks of this s(stem are that it re'uires the use of se,eral costl( technolo#ies
to properl( operate) *he user must ha,e internet access a,ailable as well as a router to
install the control bo2) *he user must also ha,e a mobile de,ice which has web access to
check the status of their home) *his can become e2pensi,e with the data plans mobile
carriers offer toda()
Another ke( project is on#oin# at *he 7ni,ersit( of 8lorida /$!1) *he( ha,e built a 5!!
s'uare foot smart house that is desi#ned assist and to pro,ide medical care to user) *he
house implements de,ices includin# a microwa,e that reco#ni6es entrees and
automaticall( determines how lon# to cook them and de,ices to track the indi,iduals
location within the home) *he house also uses de,ices to detect water on the floor and a
camera that allows the person to ,iew who is at the door and let them in usin# a cell
phone) *he smart house at the 7ni,ersit( of 8lorida relies on a centrali6ed computer
network to deli,er electronicall( coordinated assistance)
*his research shows the importance of implementin# home automation for the elderl( or
disabled) *he smart homes allow them to sta( in their homes where the( feel more
comfortable and can prolon# the time before ha,in# to mo,e into costl( health care
facilities) Smart homes will #i,e the disabled an opportunit( for independence that the(
ma( not ha,e had before) *he #oal of this project is to desi#n a s(stem that
communicates with a mobile de,ice such as a cell phone or PDA ,ia Bluetooth) *he
application relies on the use of cell phones and ine2pensi,e sensors and is best suited for
the elderl( and home9bound people) *he main functions of the project are to collect
si#nals throu#h a wireless sensor network usin# the protocol Bluetooth and the anal(sis
for data throu#h an adapti,e architecture)
Related Work
*he introduction of home automation :HA; in the $0<!s failed to impro,e the lifest(les
of users for se,eral reasons) 8irstl(+ determinin# economic benefits of HA technolo#ies
is difficult) *he costs of implementin# smart home technolo#( must be justified b( the
effects brou#ht about b( their installation /1) *here is a need for HA technolo#ies to be
cost effecti,e+ eas( to install and fle2ible with man( network infrastructures and
appliances)
=n 3!!+ Housin# >earnin# ? =mpro,ement network published a smart home definition
offered b( =nteretec which states that a smart home is @a dwellin# incorporatin# a
communications network that connects the ke( electrical appliances and ser,ices+ and
allows them to be remotel( controlled+ monitored or accessedA /B1) *he followin# section
includes a brief summar( of pre,ious research into smart homes within the past decade)
=n $005+ Celfare *echno9Houses were constructed in Dapan) /<1) *he purpose of these
e2periments was to pro,ide health monitorin# for elderl( and disabled persons at home
b( usin# full( automated measurements to support dail( health care and impro,e 'ualit(
of life) *he 7ni,ersit( of *e2as at Arlin#ton has conducted the Ma,Home project o,er
the past < (ears /&1) *he Ma,Home :Mana#in# an Adapti,e Eersatile Home; is a home
en,ironment that detects en,ironment states throu#h sensors and intelli#entl( acts upon
the en,ironment thou#h controllers) *he sensors in the home form an ad9hoc network
with interconnect to#ether to make appropriate decisions)
SAP laboratories in .anada with researches from the 7ni,ersit( of Mc"ill /%1 present a
wireless solution for monitorin# people in need of medical assistance) *he application
relies on the use of cell phones and ine2pensi,e sensors and is best suited for the elderl(
and home9bound people) *he main functions of the project is to collect si#nals throu#h a
wireless sensor network usin# protocols like Fi#Bee and Bluetooth and the anal(sis for
data throu#h an adapti,e architecture that produces real9time heath9monitorin# s(stem to
impro,e medical support for people in their homes and in assisted li,in# en,ironments)
*he research hi#hli#hts a #eneral architecture framework that consists of three major
parts) 8irstl(+ medical data is collected from sensors and transmitted to mobile de,ices
throu#h a wireless sensor network) Secondl(+ collected data is processed b( a D3MG
application runnin# on mobile de,ices) 8inall(+ the data collected and combined with
data from other sensors to decide on an appropriate action) *he ad,anta#es of this
approach are that it does not re'uire costl( e'uipment+ speciali6ed infrastructure or a
challen#in# learnin# cur,e) =t can be deplo(ed in a short period of time at a ,er( low
cost)
Se,eral #roups ha,e done e2tensi,e research into the use of smart home de,ices for the
support or elderl( and handicap people) *he 7ni,ersit( of Grlan#en9Nurember#+
"erman( /51 has described the challen#es re#ardin# smart homes+ especiall( for
supportin# the elderl( and handicapped) *he purpose is to compensate for handicaps and
support the indi,idual in order to #i,e them a more independent life for as lon# as
possible)
A set of objecti,es is outlined that are of particular concern to an elderl( or handicapped
person) *he hi#her le,el #oal is to compensate an( limitations in an( part of his life as
far as possible and to enable the patient to li,e a more independent life as lon# as possible
Se,eral sub9networks were used in the implementation which includes Bluetooth+
Cireless >AN+ Hadio 8re'uenc( =D :H8=D;+ =nternet :*P.5=P; and the telephone
network) A Bluetooth network is used to interconnect the nodes and to transport sensor
data o,er the network) *he H8=D s(stem pro,ides the possibilit( to transmit data from
the H8=D ta#s that are recordin# occupanc( locations) *heir approach sends messa#es
,ia Bluetooth usin# the a,ailable Bluetooth module on the nodes) *his means no further
hardware is re'uired and additionall( no further costs arise)
H8 and =H s(stems ha,e become increasin#l( popular recentl( with the ad,ancements in
radio fre'uenc( technolo#( such as Bluetooth and Fi#bee) *hese products offer a much
more reliable short ran#e network then pre,ious =nfrared de,ices which had interference
and securit( issues) *his project will also focus on H8 s(stems for the smart home with
focus on the Bluetooth technolo#() Althou#h man( s(stems ha,e been researched and
proposed+ ,er( few if an( ha,e been implemented) *his project aims to build on the
pre,ious research described to implement a wireless sensor network to monitor
appliances in the house) *hese appliances will be controlled ,ia a mobile de,ice runnin#
Bluetooth) *his approach pro,ides an eas( to operate and cost effecti,e approach that
will benefit the elderl( and those with disabilities function as normall( as possible)
Proposed Work
*he focus of our research is on helpin# elderl( or handicapped people li,e a more
independent life as lon# as possible) *he objecti,e of our s(stem is to take care of
se,eral domestic s(stems that ma( normall( be difficult for those who are handicap or
elderl( to take care of) *he proposed idea will allow a user with an( Bluetooth enabled
de,ice to run a piece of downloadable software on an( mobile de,ice such as a cell phone
or PDA) *his application will allow the user to control a de,ice that is connected to an(
home appliance+ such as li#hts+ climate controls+ electronic curtains and other de,ices ,ia
Bluetooth) Actuators and sensors will be connected to the home appliances so that the(
can be controlled)
Suppose an elderl( person who has #one to bed and becomes cold in the middle of the
ni#ht+ or hears a noise outside) *he proposed s(stem would enable them to turn up the
heat or turn on the outdoor li#hts without the need to #et out of bed) *hese objecti,es
re'uire a lar#e amount of technolo#() *he user9s(stem interface must be as simple and
powerful as possible and operate in a self9or#ani6ed wa() *he followin# lists of
objecti,es must be completed with this in mind4
1. Develop Bluetooth Appliance Controller: A microcontroller will interface with the
Bluetooth module to perform the automation) A simple microcontroller will
recei,e si#nals from the cell phone and will be processed)
2. Develop Software for a Bluetooth Enables Mobile Device: An application will need
to be de,eloped usin# the D3MG ja,a platform for pro#rams runnin# on mobile
de,ices usin# the Da,a AP=s for Bluetooth Cireless)
3. Interate the Appliance Controller to a Device: *he appliance controller needs to be
inte#rated with the li#htin# s(stem at a low cost with eas( installation)
!. Create a Scatternet with the Appliance Controller Devices: .reate ad hoc Bluetooth
network that is form b( interconnectin# de,ices) *his allows e,er( Bluetooth de,ice to
be reach b( e,er( other de,ice) *his is necessar( due to BluetoothIs short
communication ran#e :$!m9$!!m;) *his will enable the user to connect to all de,ices on
the network without ha,in# to worr( about distance form the de,ice)
". Con#uct E$peri%ents an# Anal&se Data: 7sin# the mobile de,ice and the
appliance controller+ conduct tests on usabilit( and product ran#e within a home
en,ironment)
*he user will re'uire the followin# components4
Bluetooth enabled de,ice
.ustom Software
Bluetooth appliance controller
An application will need to be de,eloped usin# the D3MG ja,a platform for pro#rams
runnin# on mobile and other embedded de,ices such as mobile phones+ PDAIs and
Blackberr( de,ices) *he #oal for this application is to make it as robust as possible so
that it can be run on man( different platforms) Ce will be usin# the Da,a AP=s for
Bluetooth Cireless *echnolo#( to de,elop Da,a technolo#(9enabled applications for
Bluetooth9enabled de,ices)
Bluetooth wireless technolo#( is a short ran#e communications network that was
de,eloped to replace cables that connect portable and fi2ed de,ices) Bluetooth is capable
of pro,idin# low power+ low cost and robust communications between de,ices) *he
Bluetooth standard has been #loball( accepted which allow almost an( Bluetooth enabled
de,ice to communicate with each other seamlessl() *his makes the Bluetooth standard
best suited for this t(pe of installation)
A microcontroller will interface with the Bluetooth module to perform the automation)
Bluetooth modules ha,e been de,eloped that include a full protocol stack that makes
interfacin# with the host controller simple+ without the need for Bluetooth e2pertise) A
simple microcontroller will recei,e si#nals from the cell phone and will be processed)
*his will re'uire both software and hardware de,elopment to recei,e data from the cell
phone ,ia Bluetooth to perform the tasks) A de,ice that would shut on and off a li#ht
would use a simple rela( to cut the power off to the bulb)

Evaluation
Juantitati,e results will compare our work with pre,ious work and will hi#hli#ht how
our application works better) Some ke( factors for the e,aluation will include
performance+ 'ualit( of ser,ice+ ease of use+ and how the product makes the li,es of
people easier and better) Maintainin# and enhancin# the 'ualit( of life for both older
people and people with disabilities in,ol,es makin# independent li,in# as eas( as
possible)
Work Plan and Schedule
'i%e (ra%e )or* +oa#
-ctober 3!!< December 3!!< Hesearch
Danuar( 3!!& Sur,e( for parts
8ebruar( 3!!& Start buildin# de,ice
March 3!!& Au#ust 3!!& .ontinue buildin# de,ice and writin#
application to interact with de,ice
Dune 3!!& Au#ust 3!!& *estin# and implementation
Au#ust 3!!& Present Project
Conclusions and Future Work
N5A
References
/$1 Dian#+ >i+ Da9Kou >iu+ and Bo Kan#) LSmart Home Hesearch)L Machine >earnin# and .(bernetics
:3!!B;) $5 -ct) 3!!<
Mhttp455ieee2plore)ieee)or#)cerberus)lib)uo#uelph)ca5iel550B505!$!&5!$&33%%)pdfN
tpO?arnumberO$&33%%?isnumberO!$!&P)
/31 Shepherd+ H) LB=uetooth Cireless *echnolo#( in the Home)L Glectronics ? .ommunication
Gn#ineerin# Dournal $ :3!!$;4 $0593!) =GGG5=GG Glectronic >ibrar() $5 -ct) 3!!<)
/1 Be(ond the Smart Home+ Kama6aki+ *)Q H(brid =nformation *echnolo#(+ 3!!%) =.H=*R!%) Eol 3)
=nternational .onference on+ Eolume 3+ No,) 3!!% Pa#e:s;45! 55
/B1 @Smart Home HesearchA + >i Dian#Q Da9Kou >iuQ Bo Kan#Q Machine >earnin# and .(bernetics+
3!!B) Proceedin#s of 3!!B =nternational .onference on+ Eolume 3+ 3%930 Au#) 3!!B Pa#e:s;4%50
9 %% ,ol)3
/51 Sensor5Actuator Networks in Smart Homes for Supportin# Glderl( and Handicapped People
Den#ler+ SebastianQ Awad+ AbdalkarimQ Dressler+ 8alkoQ Ad,anced =nformation Networkin# and
Applications Corkshops+ 3!!<+ A=NAC R!<) 3$st =nternational .onference on+ Eolume 3+ 3$93
Ma( 3!!< Pa#e:s;4&% &%&
/%1 Da#tas+ S+ K Natchetoi+ and H Cu) LAn =nte#rated Cireless Sensin# and Mobile Processin#
Architecture for Assisted >i,in# and Healthcare Applications)L An =nte#rated Cireless Sensin#
and Mobile Processin# Architecture for Assisted >i,in# and Healthcare Applications :3!!<;4 <!9
<3) A.M)
/<1 *) *amura+ *) *o#awa+ M) -#awa+ and M) Koda+ @8ull( automated health monitorin# s(stem in
the home+A Med) Gn#) Ph(sics+ 3!+ pp) 5<5<0+ $00&)
/&1 S) S) Das+ D) D) .ook+ A) Bhattachar(a+ G) -) Heierman+ ===+ and *)9K) >in+ @*he Hole of
Prediction Al#orithms on the Ma,Home Smart Home Architectures+A =GGG Cireless
.ommunications :Special =ssue on Smart Homes;+ Eol) 0+ No) %+ pp) <<&B+ Dec) 3!!3)
/01 L=.ontrol)L =.ontrol Networks =nc) 3!!<) 3< No,) 3!!< Mwww)icontrol)comP)
/$!1 Ascribe Newswire) @7ni,ersit( of 8lorida TSmart HomeI Demonstrates .oncept of Automated
Glderl( Help and .areA) Ascribe Newswire4 Health) 3!! 30 No,ember4 $93)