Professor Sandman

Cover Page





College of Business Administration

MIS 140 Business Telecommunications
Lecture Questions and Old Midterm Examination Questions
Chapters 1-4


This document contains discussion and examination questions that have been used for MIS 140 over the
past several years. Many of the questions seem to repeat themselves, but they are often slightly different.
In assembling this document, no effort was made to remove redundant questions. There are also some
formatting issues that come with merging many different files, and no effort was made to fix these
formatting issues!

This document is being made available to enhance the ability of MIS 140 students to gauge their progress
with the material.
Each examination actually has the following header:


Name:

This closed-book exam has X questions over Y pages, plus a blank scratch page at
the end. Answer questions in the space provided. If necessary, additional paper
will be provided.
You MUST read and sign the following:
I affirm that I will neither give nor receive any unauthorized assistance while
taking this examination, and that I will report any violations of the policy on
academic honesty known to me. I will not divulge the content of this exam to
anyone.

SIGNED:

NOTE: As in the real world, several of the questions below contain
superfluous information. Do not assume that you have to use every
piece of given information!


Professor Sandman
Page 1
Chapter 1 Discussion Questions
Q1: Network Types
Describe the four basic types of networks.
Q2: OSI Layers
Name the layers of the ISO/OSI model.
Q3: OSI Layer Functions
State the major functions for each layer of the ISO/OSI model.
Q4: OSI Messages
Describe the basic message transmission proces s through the layers of the OSI model.
Q5: Standards
For four layers in the OSI model, name a common standard used in that layer.
Q6: Trends
What major trends are happening in Telecommunications
Professor Sandman
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Chapter 1 Sample Exam Questions

2. OSI Model 7%
Name the layers of the OSI model.

2. OSI Model 7%
Name the layers of the OSI model in order (either top to bottom or visa-versa).

7. Network Types 6%
Provide a one sentence description of each of the four basic types of networks in terms of their approximate scale.

3. OSI Model 3%
Describe the three primary functions of the Data Link Layer.

2. OSI Model 10%
a. Name the layer where multiplexing occurs.
b. Name the layer where the logging of connection times occurs.
c. Name the layer where media access control occurs.
d. Name the layer where SSL encryption occurs.
e. Name the layer where message creation occurs.
f. Name the layer where ensuring end to end reliable packet delivery occurs.
g. Name the layer where message delineation occurs.
h. Name the layer where moving bits occurs.
i. Name the layer where routing occurs.
j. Name the layer where segmentation occurs.

2. OSI Model 10%
a. Name the layer where multiplexing occurs.
b. Name the layer where ensuring end to end reliable packet delivery occurs.
c. Name the layer where message delineation occurs.
d. Name the layer where moving bits occurs.
e. Name the layer where routing occurs.
f. Name the layer where the accounting occurs.
g. Name the layer where media access control occurs.
h. Name the layer where SSL encryption occurs.
i. Name the layer where message creation occurs.
j. Name the layer where segmentation occurs.

Professor Sandman
Page 3
Chapter 2 Discussion Questions
Q 1: Host vs Client Server
Explain the difference between Host -based architectures and Client-server architectures.
Q 2: -Middleware
Explain what middleware does.
Q 3: Thin vs. Fat Clients
What is the difference between Fat Clients and Thin Clients?
Q 4: Best Architecture?
What is the best architecture to use (Host, client, or Client -Server)?
Q 5: HTTP Request/ Response
What happens in an HTTP request/response cycle?
Q 6: Email
Explain how e -mail works.

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Chapter 3 Discussion Questions
Q1: Analog Transmission
Which is better digital or analog transmission? Why?
Q2: Circuits
Why are multi -point circuits most common?
Q3: Data Flow
Distinguish between Simplex, Half Duplex, and Full Duplex transmission.
Q4: Multiplexing
In the diagram below, in the area labele d circuit between multiplexers, depict how the messages
from the four computers would be sent through a single circuit using FDM (or TDM).
Q5: Media
What factors are used to select the most appropriate media for data communication?
Q6: Transmission Mode
Which is better serial or parallel transmission?
Q7: Bipolar RZ Encoding
On the diagram below, depict how the bit stream 01100011 would be represented using Bipolar
RZ (or NRZ) encoding.
Q8: Manchester Encoding
On the diagram below, depict h ow the bit stream 01100011 would be represented using
Manchester encoding.
Q9: PAM-5 Encoding
On the diagram below depict the how the bit stream of 01100011 would be represented using
Gigabit Ethernet
Q10: Analog Transmission
A. Define appropriat e AM modulations that would support two (or 3 or 4) bit transmissions and
define appropriate PSK could represent transmissions of two (or 3 or 4) bits at a time.
Q11: Analog Transmissions
B. In the graph below, the frequency is delineated by the vertica l lines. Depict the modulations
defined above for the bit stream 00110110. In the graph below show how your AM would
represent the bit stream. Start your signal where indicated and assume you need two wavelengths
for each symbol.
Q12: Analog Transmissions
In the graph below, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Depict the modulations
defined above for the bit stream 00110110. In the graph below show how PSK would represent
the bit stream. Start your signal where indicated and assume you need two wavelengths for each
symbol.
Q13: Analog Transmissions
C. Could your two methods above be combined? If so, how many bits of information would one
symbol represent?
Q14: Analog Transmissions
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D. On a clean phone line (4 KHz), and given the cons traints of a. and b. above, what data rate
could you achieve if you were actually able to combine the methods as asked in c. above? Show
your logic.
Q15: PCM
Assume that we are using a V.90 modem to send analog data using PCM. Our sampling rate is
8,000/second and our max sending rate is 33.4Kbps.
How many different pulse amplitude levels could we distinguish? Define the appropriate bit
patterns.
Q16: PCM
B. For the signal shown, show the appropriate bit patterns for the indicated samples.

Professor Sandman
Page 6
Chapter 3 Sample Exam Questions

1. Gigabit Ethernet Encoding 15%
On the diagram below depict the how the bit stream of 100011011010011101 would be encoded along a
single particular circuit supporting Gigabit Ethernet transmission (1Gbps). Depict only that part of the bit stream
that will fit on the diagram!








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1. Ethernet Encoding 11%
On the diagram below depict the how the bit stream of 101101000101001110 would be encoded for one
particular circuit of the four circuits needed to support 1 gigabit Ethernet.

+1
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+.5 v
-.5 v

-1 volt


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3. Media Selection 6%
What six factors are used to select the most appropriate media for data communication?

Start
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1. Ethernet Encoding 11%
On the diagram below depict the how the bit stream of 101100 would be encoded for one particular circuit
operating in 10Base-T (10Mbps).








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4. Analog Transmission 25%
a. Define appropriate AM modulations that would support three bit transmissions (sending 3 bits at a time) and
define appropriate PSK could represent three bit transmissions (sending 3 bits at a time).


b. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Depict your AM modulations defined in
part 4.a. for the bit stream 001101111000. Start your signal where indicated and assume you need two
wavelengths for each symbol.


Time
Voltage
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Carrier
wave
Start
here
+2v


-2v
Professor Sandman
Page 8
Time
Voltage
Start
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Carrier
wave
Time
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Carrier
wave
4. Analog Transmission (continued)
c. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Depict your PSK modulations defined
in part 4.a. for the bit stream 000101110111. Base your modulations from the carrier wave. Start your signal
where indicated and assume you need two wavelengths for each symbol.



d. Could your two methods depicted in parts 4.b. and 4.c. be combined? If so, how many bits of information
would one symbol represent?

e. On a clean phone line (4 KHz), and given the constraints of 4.a., 4.b, and 4.c., what data rate could you achieve
if you were actually able to combine the methods as asked in 4.d.? Show your logic.

4. Analog Transmission 28%
a. Define appropriate AM modulations that would support two bit transmissions (sending 2 bits at a time).

b. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Consider the AM modulations defined
in part 4.a. for the bit stream 0001101101. Depict the requested symbols; starting your signal where indicated
and assuming you need one wavelength for each symbol.






Depict the first symbol on the graph here:











Depict the third symbol on the graph here:

Time
Voltage
Start
Here
Carrier
wave
Professor Sandman
Page 9
Time
Voltage
Start
Here
Carrier
wave
Time
Voltage
Start
Here
Carrier
wave
c. Define appropriate PSK modulations that could represent three bit transmissions (sending 3 bits at a time).

d. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Consider the PSK
modulations defined in part 4.c. for the bit stream 000110110111100. Depict the requested symbols; starting
your signal where indicated and assuming you need two wavelengths for each symbol.






Depict the second symbol on the graph here:












Depict the fourth symbol on the graph here:







e. Given the exact specifications, could your two methods depicted in parts 4.b. and 4.d. be combined? If so, how
many bits of information would one symbol represent? If not, why not?


f. Assume you could combine modulations using 16 amplitude levels and 16 phases. If you needed 2
wavelengths per symbol and had a standard voice band (4KHz), what would your data rate be?

g. In clean, error free, and interference free analog transmission, what three basic factors could be changed to
obtain a higher data rate?

3. Analog Transmission 35%
a. Define appropriate AM modulations that would support three bit transmissions (sending 3 bits at a time).


b. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Consider the AM modulations defined
in part 3.a. for the bit stream 011101110100. Depict the requested symbols; starting your signal where
indicated and assuming you need one wavelength for each symbol. If there is no such symbol, just state N/A.


Professor Sandman
Page 10
Time
Voltage
Start
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Carrier
wave
Time
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Start
Here
Carrier
wave
Time
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wave






Depict the third symbol on the graph here:















Depict the sixth symbol on the graph here:






c. Define appropriate PSK modulations that could represent two bit transmissions (sending 2 bits at a time).

d. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Consider the PSK modulations defined
in part 3.c. for the bit stream 011101110100. Depict the requested symbols; starting your signal where
indicated and assuming you need two wavelengths for each symbol. If there is no such symbol, just state
N/A.








Depict the third symbol on the graph here:







Professor Sandman
Page 11
Time
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Time
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8 dB - - - -
7 dB - - - -
6 dB - - - -
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4 dB - - - -
3 dB - - - -
2 dB - - - -
1 dB - - - -
1 dB - - - -
2 dB - - - -
3 dB - - - -
4 dB - - - -
5 dB - - - -
6 dB - - - -
7 dB - - - -
8 dB - - - -






Depict the sixth symbol on the graph here:








e. Given the exact specifications, could your two methods depicted in parts 3.b. and 3.d. be combined? If so, how
many bits of information would one symbol represent? If not, why not?

f. Assume you could combine modulations using 32 amplitude levels and 64 phases. If you needed two
wavelengths per symbol and had a standard voice band (4KHz), what would your data rate be?

g. Assume you had the following protocol defined, using one wave per symbol:
Amp
Phase 1dB 2dB 3dB 4dB 5dB 6dB 7dB 8dB
0 000000 001000 010000 011000 100000 101000 110000 111000
45 000001 001001 010001 011001 100001 101001 110001 111001
90 000010 001010 010010 011010 100010 101010 110010 111010
135 000011 001011 010011 011011 100011 101011 110011 111011
180 000100 001100 010100 011100 100100 101100 110100 111100
225 000101 001101 010101 011101 100101 101101 110101 111101
270 000110 001110 010110 011110 100110 101110 110110 111110
315 000111 001111 010111 011111 100111 101111 110111 111111

Also assume that you receive the following analog wave pattern, starting where indicated.















What data was sent to you?

Professor Sandman
Page 12

7. PCM 15%
a. Assume that we are using a digital modem to send analog data using PCM. Our sampling rate is 8,000 samples
per second and our maximum data rate is 24Kbps. How many different pulse amplitude levels could we
distinguish? Define them below (i.e., give a specific order bit patterns and amplitude designation):

b. Assume that we have the following analog signal with the sample time periods delineated by the vertical lines.
By applying your definition of amplitude levels from 7.a., show the resulting bit stream in the space provided.
Measure the highest or lowest point of the wave for each sample time (i.e., use the peak or valley of the wave).















Bit Stream:



c. Using the same definition of amplitude levels from 7.a. above, draw the resulting decoded analog signal on the
graph below.




Professor Sandman
Page 13

7. PCM 18%
a. Assume that we are using a 56Kbps digital modem to send analog data using PCM. Our sampling rate is
24,000 samples per second. How many different pulse amplitude levels could we distinguish? Define
them below (i.e., give a specific order bit patterns and amplitude designation):

b. Assume that we have the following analog signal with the sample time periods delineated by the vertical
lines. By applying your definition of amplitude levels from 7.a., show the resulting bit stream in the space
provided. Measure the highest or lowest point of the wave for each sample time (i.e., use the peak or valley
of the wave).













Bit Stream:

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _________

a. Using the same definition of amplitude levels from 7.a. above, draw the resulting decoded analog signal on
the graph below.




Professor Sandman
Page 14
8. PCM 12%
c. Assume that we are using a 56Kbps digital modem to send analog data using PCM. Our sampling rate is
16,000 samples per second. How many different pulse amplitude levels could we distinguish? Define
them below (i.e., give a specific order bit patterns and amplitude designation):

d. Assume that we have the following analog signal with the sample time periods delineated by the vertical
lines. By applying your definition of amplitude levels from 7.a., show the resulting bit stream in the space
provided. Measure the highest or lowest point of the wave for each sample time (i.e., use the peak or valley
of the wave).













Bit Stream:

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _________

b. Using the same definition of amplitude levels from 7.a. above, draw the resulting decoded analog signal on
the graph below.















4. Analog Transmission 25%
a. Define appropriate AM modulations that would support two bit transmissions (sending 2 bits at a time) and
define appropriate PSK could represent three bit transmissions (sending 3 bits at a time).

b. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Depict your AM modulations defined
above for the bit stream 00110110. Start your signal where indicated and assume you need one wavelength for
each symbol.

Professor Sandman
Page 15

c. In the following graph, the frequency is delineated by the vertical lines. Depict your PSK modulations defined
above for the bit stream 001101110111. Base your modulations from the carrier wave. Start your signal where
indicated and assume you need one wavelength for each symbol.


d. Could your two methods above be combined? If so, how many bits of information would one symbol represent?

e. On a clean phone line (4 KHz), and given the constraints of a. and b. above, what data rate could you achieve if
you were actually able to combine the methods as asked in c. above? Show your logic.

7. PCM 18%
a. Assume that we are using a digital modem to send analog data using PCM. Our sampling rate is 4,000 samples
per second and our maximum sending rate is 12Kbps. How many different pulse amplitude levels could we
distinguish? Define them below:

Time
Voltage
Start
Here
Carrier
wave
Time
Voltage
Start
Here
Carrier
wave
Professor Sandman
Page 16
b. Assume that we have the following analog signal with the sample time periods delineated by the vertical lines.
By applying your definition of amplitude levels from a. above, show the resulting bit stream in the space provided.
Measure the highest or lowest point of the wave for each sample time (i.e., use the peak or valley of the wave).















Bit Stream:



c. By applying your definition of amplitude levels from a. above, draw the resulting decoded analog signal on the
graph below.











Professor Sandman
Page 17
Chapter 4 Discussion Questions

Q 1: Media Access
Explain the difference between controlled access and contention based access. Give an example
of each.
Q 2: Sources of Errors
Name five main sources of errors on a network, and describe how they can create errors.
Q 3: Error Detection
Using ODD parity, complete the chart below for an application of LRC:
Q 4: CRC
Explain CRC.
Q 5: ARQ
How does Stop and Wait ARQ error cor rection differ from Continuous (Sliding Window) ARQ error
correction?
Q 6: Data Link Layer Protocols
You decide to create your own protocol for the Data Link Layer. Define the fields necessary for
your protocol!
Q 7: Transmission Efficiency
Assume t hat you are sending a 174 byte message using the Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) protocol
(shown below). Also assume that there is a 10% error rate for the transmission.
What is the transmission efficiency?


Professor Sandman
Page 18
Chapter 4 Sample Exam Questions

5. Error Detection 6%
If you were using CRC error detection and were allocating 4 bits to store the EDV (i.e., using CRC-4), what would
the optimal G value be? The basic CRC formula is P / G = Q + R / G.

5. Error Detection 6%
The basic CRC formula is P / G = Q + R / G. If you were using CRC error detection and were allocating 5 bits to
store the EDV (i.e., using CRC-5), what would the optimal G value be? Why?

4. Error Detection 8%
The basic CRC formula is P / G = Q + R / G. If you were using CRC error detection and were allocating 6 bits to
store the EDV (i.e., using CRC-6), what would the optimal maximum G value be? Why?

5. Error Detection 10%
a. Using ODD parity, complete the chart below for an application of LRC after every 4 bytes of data

S 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 ___
a 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 ___
n 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 ___
d 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 ___
BCC __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ___
m 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 ___
a 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 ___
n 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 ___
! 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 ___
BCC __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ___

b. If you were using CRC error detection and were allocating 3 bits to store the EDV (i.e., using CRC-3), what
would the optimal G value be? The basic CRC formula is P / G = Q + R / G.


9. Data Link Protocols 12%
You decide to create a new MIS140 protocol for the Data Link Layer. Specify this protocol below. While it is not
necessary to provide specific byte sizes on the fields, you must clearly define all of the fields in the new protocol
frame. You must also clearly state the purpose of each field.

9. Transmission Efficiency 5%
Assume that you are sending a 192 byte message using SDLC (shown below). Also assume that there is an 18%
error rate for the transmission.


What is the SDLC transmission efficiency with this particular message? (be careful!)

Professor Sandman
Page 19
6. Transmission Efficiency 5%
Assume that you are sending a 936 bit message using PPP (shown below). Also assume that there is an 18% error
rate for the transmission.


What is the PPP transmission efficiency with this particular message? (be careful!)

5. Error Detection 7%
Using EVEN parity, complete the chart below for an application of LRC:

S 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 ___
a 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 ___
n 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 ___
d 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 ___
m 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 ___
a 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 ___
n 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 ___
BCC __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ___



8. Error Correction 12%
Assume A is sending B four packets (0, 1, 2 and 3). Assume that the initial transmission of packets 0 and 2 have
errors in them and that all other transmissions are error free. Complete the pattern of messaging below using Stop
and Wait ARQ error correction. Clearly indicate the direction of the message and what each message contains.






















A B
Packet 0
TIME
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Page 20
8. Error Correction 12%
Assume A is sending B six packets (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). Assume that the initial transmission of packets 0, 3, and 4
have errors in them and that all other transmissions are error free. Complete the pattern of messaging below using
Stop and Wait ARQ error correction. Clearly indicate the direction of the message and what each message
contains.






















9. Transmission Efficiency 5%
Assume that you are sending a 192 byte message using SDLC (shown below). Also assume that there is a 10%
error rate for the transmission.


What is the SDLC transmission efficiency with this particular message?



A B
Packet 0
TIME