UOP Selexol

TM
Technology
for Acid Gas Removal
UOP Selexol
TM
Technology
for Acid Gas Removal
2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved. UOP 5241F-01
Main Points of Presentation
Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary
UOP 5241F-02
What is the Selexol Process?
Absorption/regeneration process for selective
removal of H
2
S, COS, RSH & CO
2
- Uses a physical solvent
- Loading directly proportional to partial pressure
- Uses a typical solvent-extraction flow-scheme
Product Quality
- Can be essentially sulfur free
- Project specific CO
2
capture and quality
- Project specific acid gas H
2
S concentration
UOP 5241F-03
Partial Pressure
S
o
l
v
e
n
t

L
o
a
d
i
n
g
Solvent Loading Comparison
Physical
Chemical
High acid
gas partial
pressures in
syngas are
ideal for
physical
solvent
application
UOP 5241F-07
Do
Do

s
s

Selective H
Selective H
2 2
S removal
S removal

Total Sulfur removal
Total Sulfur removal
(COS, CS
(COS, CS
2 2
, RSH)
, RSH)

CO
CO
2 2
removal / capture
removal / capture

Natural Gas Applications
Natural Gas Applications

Synthesis Gas
Synthesis Gas
Purification
Purification

Acid gas removal with
Acid gas removal with
simultaneous
simultaneous
dehydration
dehydration

Landfill gas treating
Landfill gas treating
Don'ts
Don'ts

Rich HC Steams
Rich HC Steams

Low Acid Gas Partial
Low Acid Gas Partial
Pressures
Pressures
Selexol Process Dos and Donts
UOP 4375A-26
Selexol Solvent Characteristics
Relative Selectivity
Methane Hydrogen
- H
2
S ~ 135 ~ 680
- CH
3
SH ~ 340 ~1700
- CO
2
~ 9 ~45
- CO ~0.43 ~2.2
- COS ~35 ~175
High Selectivity of H
2
S over CO
2
allows:
- Selective absorption of H
2
S in the Absorber
- Enhanced recovery of CO
2
in flash drum
- Minimizes CO
2
in acid gas
- Lowers SRU costs
- Higher power production
Good Selectivity for CO
2
over H
2
- Supports separate CO
2
production
- Minimizes downstream H
2
purification
UOP 5241F-04
Selexol Solvent Characteristics
High Selectivity of H
2
S over CO
2
allows:
- Selective absorption of H
2
S in the Absorber
- Enhanced recovery of CO
2
in flash drum
- Minimizes CO
2
in acid gas,
- Lowers SRU costs
- Higher power production
Good Selectivity for CO
2
over H
2
- Supports separate CO
2
production
- Minimizes downstream H
2
purification
UOP 5241F-05
Additional Selexol Process Benefits
Low corrosion rates
- No formation of heat-stable salts
Minimal process effluents
- Reclaiming and/or purging of solvent not required
Protection of downstream equipment
- Metal Carbonyls are captured by Selexol
UOP 5241F-06
Main Points of Presentation
Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary
UOP 5241F-08
Natural Gas Feed Composition
New gas discoveries typically contain more CO
2
& H
2
S
than existing sources
~0 to 3 Butane
saturated Water
ppb Mercury
ppm to >20% Total Sulfur
ppm to >80% Carbon dioxide
~0 to 1 C6 to C40+
~0 to 3 Pentane
~0 to 6 Propane
~0 to 10 Ethane
~20 to 99 Methane
Composition Ranges (volume %) Natural Gas
UOP 5241F-09
Selexol Process
for Natural Gas Applications
More effective at acid gas partial pressures above
50 psi in the feed
Particularly effective at high acid gas partial
pressure conditions and for bulk removal
Selective removal of H
2
S if desired
The heavy hydrocarbon(C
4
+
) concentration should
be low, preferably limited to 1 vol%.
UOP 5241F-10
Selexol Flowscheme
Bulk Acid Gas Removal
Absorber
Feed
Gas
CO
2
Treated
Gas
Lean Solution
Filter
UOP 5241F-11
Selexol Advantages in NG Applications
Little or no energy required for solvent regeneration
Inert gas can be used for solvent stripping if
required
Selexol treating also aids in dew point reduction
Can be used with or without refrigeration
UOP 5241F-12
Main Points of Presentation
Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary
UOP 5241F-13
Gasification Project Objectives
Power
Hydrogen
Future Present Past

Other
Products
CO
2
Capture
UOP 5241F-14
Syngas Applications
Typical Flow-schemes
Sulfur removal only
Typically for power applications where sulfur
removal to 10 to 20 ppmv
One solvent absorber with solvent regeneration
Sulfur removal with separate CO
2
removal and capture
Used for hydrogen, chemical and coal to liquids
applications
Independent absorbers with common solvent
regeneration
UOP 5241F-15
Selexol Flowscheme for Sulfur Removal
H
2
S
Absorber
H
2
S
Stripper
Reflux
Accumulator
Export
Water
Makeup
Water
Reflux
Pump
Stripper
Reboiler
Acid
Gas
Lean Solution
Filter
H
2
S
Concentrator
Packinox
Exchanger
Feed
Gas
Treated
Gas
UOP 5241F-16
Selexol Flowscheme
for Sulfur Removal and CO
2
Capture
CO
2
Absorber
Sulfur
Absorber
Lean
Solution
Filter
H
2
S
Stripper
Reflux
Accumulator
Acid
Gas
Reflux
Pump
Export
Water
Stripper
Reboiler
H
2
S
Concentrator
Packinox
Exchanger
Feed
Gas
CO
2
Treated
Gas
Makeup
Water
UOP 5241F-17
Requirements for Syngas Applications
Processing Requirements:
Efficient sulfur recovery
Facilitate production of
co-products
High reliability
CO
2
capture with H
2
to gas turbine
Improved sulfur block
economics
Selexol technology meets all requirements !
Addressed by Selexol?
High overall sulfur
recovery (> 99.75%)
Bulk CO
2
removal if
necessary
No Metal Carbonyls or
Solvent Issues
High CO
2
selectivity with
H
2
in Syngas applications
Reduces overall costs by
>4%
UOP 5241F-18
Main Points of Presentation
Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary
UOP 5241F-19
Coffeyville Resources
Coffeyville, Kansas, USA
Gasification Ammonia Complex
UOP 5241F-20
Coffeyville Resources Ammonia
Fertilizer Complex
Feedstock: 45 MT/H petroleum coke
EPC Contractor: Black & Veatch Pritchard
Commercial Operation: July 2000
Process Licensors
Gasification: ChevronTexaco
Gas Purification Block:
- Acid Gas Removal: Selexol
- H
2
Purification: Polybed PSA
Sulfur: Black & Veatch Pritchard
Air Separation: BOC
Ammonia / UAN: Ammonia Casale / Weatherly
UOP 5241F-21
Coffeyville Resources Ammonia
Fertilizer Complex
Complex converts petroleum coke to syngas
for production of ammonia (21 T/H) and urea
ammonium nitrate solution (62 T/H) with sulfur
byproduct.
Uses UOP Gas Purification Block
- Removal of acid gases in a 2-stage Selexol unit with
refrigerated solvent
- H
2
S and CO
2
are captured separately with hydrogen
product sent to the ammonia synthesis plant and CO
2
sent to the UAN plant
- Final H
2
purification in Polybed PSA unit
UOP 5241F-22
Coffeyville Block Flow Diagram
Air Separation
Unit
Ammonia
Synthesis
N
2
Polybed
PSA
UAN Plant
NH
3
Product
UAN
Product
O
2
High Purity Hydrogen
Purified CO
2
Quench
Gasification
Syngas
Scrubbing
CO Shift &
Gas Cooling
Selexol
2-Stage
Unit
Petroleum Coke
Tail Gas
Air
Claus Plant
Acid
Gas
Raw
CO
2
CO
2
Purification
CO
2
Vent
Raw H
2
UOP Technologies
UOP 5241F-23
Coffeyville Design Basis
Feed Stream Specifications
Feed Flowrate 169,000 Nm
3
/hr (151 MM SCFD)
Pressure 36.9 bar-a (535 psia)
Temperature 38 C (100 F)
Component Mole %
H
2
> 56
CO ~ 1.2
CO
2
~ 41
H
2
S and COS ~ 0.6
CH
4
, Ar, & N
2
~ 1
H
2
O Saturated
UOP 5241F-24
Coffeyville Design Basis
Stream Specifications Product
Raw H
2
Product
Flowrate 101,900 Nm
3
/hr (90 MM SCFD)
Product Purity 93 mole % H
2
(minimum)
Raw CO
2
Product
Flowrate 11,900 Nm
3
/hr (10.6 MM SCFD)
Product Purity 95 mole % CO
2
(minimum)
CO
2
Removed ~ 94 %
Acid Gas
Product Purity 44 mole % H
2
S (minimum)
UOP 5241F-25
Coffeyville Actual Operations
Operating Results
Raw H
2
to PSA Design Actual
DesignActual
- H
2,
% 93 > 93
- CO
2,
% NA < 5
- H
2
S, ppm NA < 1
- COS, ppm NA < 1
Raw CO
2
to UAN
- CO
2,
% 95 > 95
- H
2
S, ppm NA < 1
- COS, ppm NA < 10
Units met all process requirements !
UOP 5241F-26
Main Points of Presentation
Overview of the Selexol process
Natural gas applications
Syngas applications
Selexol operation Coffeyville Resources
UOP Experience and Technical Services
Summary
UOP 5241F-27
Selexol Process
Commercial Experience
Over 60+ operating units
- Both Natural Gas and Gasification applications
4 Recent Gasification Applications in Operation
- Sarlux Italy IGCC Power plus H
2
- API Italy IGCC Power
- Coffeyville Resources - USA -NH
3
/UAN
- OptiCanada Oil Sands Canada H
2
plus fuel
Multiple large units in engineering phase
- Residue gasification for H
2
production, Oil Sands Canada
- Other gasification projects 9 poly Generation projects)
Power
NH
3
Coal to liquids
Methanol
SNG
UOP 5241F-28
Technical Service
Training
HAZOP
Unit Checkout
On-Site Training
Test Run
Continuing Services
Data Link Access
to Process Experts
Remote Process
Monitoring
Analytical Support
Symposia
Process Training
Turnaround Service
Inspection
Guaranteed Performance
Project Design
Training & Start-up
On-going Optimization & Innovation
Before During After
UOP 5241F-29
Selexol Process-Summary
The Selexol process is a proven licensed technology
Selexol technology has unique capabilities for acid gas
removal applications
Relative selectivity allows for high quality project
specific product streams
Effective removal of all sulfur species
Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams
Can be an economically attractive option for Natural Gas
applications
UOP can assist you in optimizing and maximizing the
value of your project
UOP 5241F-30
Selexol Process Summary
The Selexol process is a proven licensed
technology
Selexol technology has unique capabilities for
acid gas removal applications
Relative selectivity allows for high quality
project specific product streams
Effective removal of all sulfur species
Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams
Can be an economically attractive option for
Natural Gas applications
UOP can assist you in optimizing and
maximizing the value of your project
UOP 5241B-37
UOP 5241F-31