Jenis-Jenis English Text

NARRATIVE
Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Complication
3. Resolution
4. Reorientation
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! $ast Tense
2. #sin! action %er&
3. Chronolo!ically arran!ed
RECOUNT
Purpose: to retell somethin! that happened in the past and to
tell a series o' past e%ent
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. (%ent)s*
3. Reorientation
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! $ast Tense
2. #sin! action %er&
3. #sin! ad+ecti%es
,arrati%e and recount in some -ays are similar. .oth are
tellin! somethin! in the past so narrati%e and recount usually
apply $/ST T(,S(0 -hether Simple $ast Tense1 Simple $ast
Continuous Tense1 or $ast $er'ect Tense. The -ays narrati%e
and recount told are in chronolo!ical order usin! time or
place. Commonly narrati%e te2t is 'ound in story &oo30 myth1
'a&le1 'ol3lore1 etc -hile recount te2t is 'ound in &io!raphy.
The thin! that ma3es narrati%e and recount di''erent is the
structure in -hich they are constructed. ,arrati%e uses
con'licts amon! the participants -hether natural con'lict1
social con'lict or psycholo!ical con'lict. 4n some -ays
narrati%e te2t com&ines all these con'licts. 4n the contrary1 -e
do not 'ind these con'licts inside recount te2t. Recount applies
series o' e%ent as the &asic structure
DESCRIPTIVE
Purpose: to descri&e a particular person1 place or thin! in
detail.
Dominant Generic Structure:
1. 4denti'ication
2. Description
an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! Simple $resent Tense
2. #sin! action %er&
3. #sin! ad%er&
4. #sin! special technical terms
REPORT
Purpose: to presents in'ormation a&out somethin!1 as it is.
Generic Structure
1. General classi'ication
2. Description
Dominant an!ua!e "eature
1. 4ntroducin! !roup or !eneral aspect
2. #sin! conditional lo!ical connection
3. #sin! Simple $resent Tense
EXPLANATION
Purpose: To e2plain the processes in%ol%ed in the 'ormation
or -or3in! o' natural or socio5cultural phenomena.
Generic Structure:
1. General statement
2. (2planation
3. Closin!
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! Simple $resent Tense
2. #sin! action %er&s
3. #sin! passi%e %oice
4. #sin! noun phrase
6. #sin! ad%er&ial phrase
7. #sin! technical terms
8. #sin! !eneral and a&stract noun
9. #sin! con+unction o' time and cause5e''ect.
ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Purpose: To re%eal the readers that somethin! is the important
case
Generic Structure:
1. Thesis
2. /r!uments
3. Reiteration/Conclusion
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! modals
2. #sin! action %er&s
3. #sin! thin3in! %er&s
4. #sin! ad%er&s
6. #sin! ad+ecti%e
7. #sin! technical terms
8. #sin! !eneral and a&stract noun
9. #sin! connecti%es/transition
HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Purpose: to persuade the readers that somethin! should or
should not &e the case or &e done
Generic Structure:
1. Thesis
2. /r!uments
3. Recommendation
1
Dominant an!ua!e 'eatures:
1. #sin! Simple $resent Tense
2. #sin! modals
3. #sin! action %er&s
4. #sin! thin3in! %er&s
6. #sin! ad%er&s
7. #sin! ad+ecti%e
8. #sin! technical terms
9. #sin! !eneral and a&stract noun
:. #sin! connecti%es/transition
Then -hat is the &asic di''erence &et-een analytical and
hortatory e2position. 4n simple -ord. /nalytical is the ans-er
o' ;<o- is/-ill; -hile hortatory is the ans-er o' ;<o-
should;. /nalytical e2position -ill &e &est to descri&e ;<o-
-ill student do 'or his e2amination= The point is the important
thin! to do. .ut 'or the >uestion; <o- should student do 'or
his e2am=; -ill &e !ood to &e ans-ered -ith hortatory. 4t is to
con%ince that the thin! should &e done
PROCEDURE
Purpose: to help readers ho- to do or ma3e somethin!
completely
Generic Structure:
1. Goal//im
2. ?aterials/(>uipments
3. Steps/?ethods
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! Simple $resent Tense
2. #sin! 4mperati%es sentence
3. #sin! ad%er&
4. #sin! technical terms
DISCUSSION
Purpose: to present in'ormation and opinions a&out issues in
more one side o' an issue )@"or/$rosA and @/!ainst/ConsA*
Generic Structure:
1. 4ssue
2. /r!uments 'or and a!ainst
3. Conclusion
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! Simple $resent Tense
2. #se o' relatin! %er&/to &e
3. #sin! thin3in! %er&
4. #sin! !eneral and a&stract noun
6. #sin! con+unction/transition
7. #sin! modality
8. #sin! ad%er& o' manner
REVIEW
Purpose: to criti>ue or e%aluate an art -or3 or e%ent 'or a
pu&lic audience
dominant Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. (%aluation
3. 4nterpretati%e Recount
4. (%aluation
6. (%aluati%e Summation
Dominant an!ua!e 'eatures:
1. "ocus on speci'ic participants
2. #sin! ad+ecti%es
3. #sin! lon! and comple2 clauses
4. #sin! metaphor
ANECDOTE
Purpose: to share -ith others an account o' an unusual or
amusin! incident
Generic Structure:
1. /&stract
2. Orientation
3. Crisis
4. Reaction
6. Coda.
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! e2clamations1 rhetorical >uestion or intensi'iers
2. #sin! material process
3. #sin! temporal con+unctions
SPOOF
Purpose: to tell an e%ent -ith a humorous t-ist and entertain
the readers
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. (%ent)s*
3. T-ist
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. #sin! $ast Tense
2. #sin! action %er&
3. #sin! ad%er&
4. Chronolo!ically arran!ed
NEWS ITE
Purpose: to in'orm readers a&out e%ents o' the day -hich are
considered ne-s-orthy or important
Dominant Generic Structure:
1. ,e-s-orthy e%ent)s*
2. .ac3!round e%ent)s*
3. Sources
Dominant an!ua!e "eatures:
1. Short1 tele!raphic in'ormation a&out story captured in
headline
2. #sin! action %er&s
3. #sin! sayin! %er&s
4. #sin! ad%er&s : time1 place and manner.
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