Lighting

Instructor : Eng. Wael Younis

Some Technical Expressions
Luminous Flux () ( )

Lumen (Lm)
Luminous Efficiency () ( )


( / ) Lm W
P

=
Some Technical Expressions
Illuminance Flux (E) ( )

Lux (Lm/m
2
)
2
( / ) E Lm m Lux
A

=
) m
2
( A :
Some Technical Expressions
General Color rendering Index ( )

,
100

) . (
100
.
Good Lighting Conditions In Buildings
.
Illuminance Flux
Lux
.

Luminaries
.
Required Illuminance for Different Places
Required Illuminance for Different Places
Incandescent Lamps
Fluorescent Lamps
Industrial Lighting Sourses
A. Filament Lamps
B. Gas Discharge Lamps
High Pressure Mercury Lamps (HPM)
High Pressure Sodium Lamps (HPS)
Low Pressure Sodium Lamps (LPS)
Metal Halide Lamps
Blend Light Lamps
Incandescent Lamps
Industrial Lighting Sourses
1. Outline of Glass bulb
2. Low pressure inert gas
(argon, neon, nitrogen)
3. Tungsten filament
4. Contact wire (goes out of
stem)
5. Contact wire (goes into stem)
6. Support wires
7. Stem (glass mount)
8. Contact wire (goes out of
stem)
9. Cap (sleeve)
10. Insulation
11. Electrical contact
Incandescent Lamps
Industrial Lighting Sourses
Luminous Efficiency () = 10-15 Lm/W
Life Time = 1000 Hr
General Color rendering Index = 100
Fluorescent Lamps
Industrial Lighting Sourses
A fluorescent lamp or
fluorescent tube is a gas-
discharge lamp that uses
electricity to excite mercury
vapor. The excited mercury
atoms produce short-wave
ultraviolet light that then
causes a phosphor to
fluoresce, producing visible
light.
A preheat Fluorescent Lamp Circuit using an automatic
starting switch
Industrial Lighting Sourses
A: Fluorescent tube, B: Power (+220 volts),
C: Starter, D: Switch (bi-metallic thermostat),
E: Capacitor, F: Filaments,
G: Ballast
A preheat Fluorescent Lamp Circuit using an automatic
starting switch
Industrial Lighting Sourses
C: Starter, D: Switch (bi-metallic thermostat),
E: Capacitor,
A preheat Fluorescent Lamp Circuit using an automatic
starting switch
Industrial Lighting Sourses
F: Filaments,
A preheat Fluorescent Lamp Circuit using an automatic
starting switch
Industrial Lighting Sourses
G: Ballast
Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CLF)
Industrial Lighting Sourses
A type of fluorescent lamp
Energy saving light
Many CFLs are designed
to replace an
incandescent lamp
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculations
Desk or Bench
Height
0.85 m
Mounting Height
of Fitting (from
working plane)
Hm (m)
Room Length
W (m)
Suspension
Height from
Ceiling
Hs(m)
Room Width
L (m)
Hm=Ht-Hs-0.85
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Room Index
The room index is a number that describes the
ratios of the rooms length, width and height.
( )
LW
Kr
Hm L W
=
+
Where :
L = Room Length
W = Room Width
Hm = Mounting Height of Fitting (from working plane)
Work Plane = Desk or Bench Height
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Reflection Factor
Reflection factor depends on :
Ceiling reflection factor
c
Wall reflection factor
w
Flour reflection factor
f
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Reflection Factor values according to color
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Reflection Factor values according to material
British Zonal Method (BZ)
:
) , , , ,
(
Reflection Factor =0.5
) , , , ,
(
Reflection Factor =0.3
) , , , , (
Reflection Factor =0.1
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Depreciation Factor: (
w
= 0.3)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
S/Hm factor:
The ratio of spacing between the lighting units to
Height of the unit from the work plane.
S/Hm =1.2 82%
This means that for every 1 meter of mounting height
(above work plane) we should have a maximum 1.2
meters between fittings.
And
min
max
100 82
E
E
=
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Red. factor:
Depends on the power of the lamps on the unit
Ex.
Red. Factor
2x40W=1.0
2x62W=0.92
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Utilization factor (Uf):
This is a value between 0 and 1 that represents the
percentage of total lamp lumens in the room that fall on
the work plane.
It depends on :
Reflection factor
Room idex
Lighting unit type.
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for Industrial Lighting Units
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for Industrial Lighting Units (F type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for Industrial Lighting Units (D type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for Industrial Lighting Units (S type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for Industrial Lighting Units (DD type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units (C type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units (E type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units (G type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units (H type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Luminous Flux () for Different lighting units
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Luminous Flux () for Different lighting units
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
H
m
=H
t
-H
s
-0.85 Height from the work plane (m)
H
s
Suspension Height (m)
H
t
Total Height (m)
A Room Area (m
2
)
L Room Length (m)
W Room Width (m)
Project
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculations
Desk or Bench
Height
0.85 m
Mounting Height
of Fitting (from
working plane)
Hm (m)
Room Length
W (m)
Suspension
Height from
Ceiling
Hs(m)
Room Width
L (m)
Hm=Ht-Hs-0.85
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
U
f
Utilization Factor
n Lamp number in the unit

f
Flour Reflection Factor

w
Wall Reflection Factor

c
Ceiling Reflection Factor
Room Index
( )
r
m
LW
K
H L W
=
+
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
Longitudinal Lighting Unit Number
Number of calculated Lighting
Units
E Required Illuminance Flux (Lux)

Lamp Luminous Flux (Lm)

K Red. Factor
F
Depreciation Factor
f
EAF
N
nU K
=
L
LN
N
W
=
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
Calculated Illuminance Flux (Lux)
Calculated S/Hm Ratio
Cross Lighting Unit Number
L
WN
N
W
=
/
m
m
S A
H
H N
=
.
f
e
N nU K
E
A F

=
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Applications: Lighting of Drawing office
:
:
:
General Lighting Unit (C type) , Fluorescent2x40W
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Applications: Lighting of Drawing office
H
m
=H
t
-H
s
-0.85
H
s
H
t
A
L
W
Drawing office
2.15m Height from the work
plane (m)
0 Suspension Height
(m)
3.5m Total Height (m)
50m
2
Room Area (m
2
)
10m Room Length (m)
5m Room Width (m)
Project
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
U
f
(table 1-13)
n

f
(table 1-7)

w
( table 1-7)

c
(table 1-6)
Utilization Factor
Lamp number in the
unit
Flour Reflection Factor
Wall Reflection Factor
0.7 Ceiling Reflection
Factor
1.55
Room Index
( )
r
m
LW
K
H L W
=
+
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Reflection Factor values according to color
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
U
f
(table 1-13)
n

f
(table 1-7)

w
( table 1-7)

c
(table 1-6)
Utilization Factor
Lamp number in the
unit
0.2 Flour Reflection Factor
0.3 Wall Reflection Factor
0.7 Ceiling Reflection
Factor
1.55
Room Index
( )
r
m
LW
K
H L W
=
+
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Reflection Factor values according to material
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
U
f
(table 1-13)
n

f
(table 1-7)

w
( table 1-7)

c
(table 1-6)
0.47 Utilization Factor
2 Lamp number in the
unit
0.2 Flour Reflection Factor
0.3 Wall Reflection Factor
0.7 Ceiling Reflection
Factor
1.55
Room Index
( )
r
m
LW
K
H L W
=
+
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units (C type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
Power and Type of Lamp
E ( table 1-23)
( table 1-17)
K ( table 1-13)
F ( table 1-8)
Number of calculated Lighting
Units
Required Illuminance Flux
(Lux)
Lamp Luminous Flux (Lm)
Red. Factor
1.33 Depreciation Factor
f
EAF
N
nU K
=
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Depreciation Factor: (
w
= 0.3)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
Power and Type of Lamp
E ( table 1-23)
(table 1-17)
K (table 1-13)
F (table 1-8)
Number of calculated Lighting
Units
Required Illuminance Flux
(Lux)
Lamp Luminous Flux (Lm)
1 Red. Factor
1.33 Depreciation Factor
f
EAF
N
nU K
=
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Technical Data for General Lighting Units (C type)
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
Fluorescent
40W
Power and Type of Lamp
E ( table 1-23)
(table 1-17)
K (table 1-13)
F (table 1-8)
Number of calculated Lighting
Units
Required Illuminance Flux
(Lux)
3000Lm Lamp Luminous Flux (Lm)
1 Red. Factor
1.33 Depreciation Factor
f
EAF
N
nU K
=
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Luminous Flux () for Different lighting units
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
Fluorescent
40W
Power and Type of Lamp
E ( table 1-23)
(table 1-17)
K (table 1-13)
F (table 1-8)
11.8 12
Number of calculated Lighting
Units
500Lux Required Illuminance Flux
(Lux)
3000Lm Lamp Luminous Flux (Lm)
1 Red. Factor
1.33 Depreciation Factor
f
EAF
N
nU K
=
Required Illuminance for Different Places
British Zonal Method (BZ)
Lighting Calculation Sheet
4.89 6
Longitudinal Lighting
Unit Number
E2=448 lux
Calculated Illuminance
Flux (Lux)
0.59
Calculated S/Hm Ratio
2.4 2
Cross Lighting Unit
Number
L
WN
N
W
=
/
m
m
S A
H
H N
=
.
f
e
N nU K
E
A F

=
L
LN
N
W
=