ENGLI SH-STRUCTURE 2

Chapter 8 9 : Noun Clauses & Reported Speech

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan
2014
Maulida Mazaya
CLASS 6 : NOUN CLAUSES
Noun clause adalah kata benda yang digunakan sebagai subjek
atau objek pada sebuah kalimat.
Noun clause sbg subjek:
His story was interesting.
What he said was interesting
There are 3 groups of words that can be use to introduce noun
clauses:
1. Question words :When, where, why, how, who, whom,
which, whose
2. Whether if
3. That

Noun clause sbg objek:
I heard his story.
I heard what he said.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1
Noun Clause with Question Words
NOUN CLAUSE WI TH QUESTI ON WORDS
Question Noun Clause
Where does she live? I dont know where she lives.
What did he say? I couldnt hear what he said.
When do they arrive? Do you know when they arrive?
Learning Points:
1. Where she lives adalah objek dari kalimat tersebut
2. Do, did, does tidak dipergunakan dalam noun clause
I dont know where she lives
S V O
where she lives
Q S V
Beberapa noun clause mempunyai pola yang sama dengan kalimat tanya,
seperti:
S V S V
Who lives there? I dont know who lives there.
What happened? Please tell me what happened.
Who is at the door? I wonder who is at the door.
Question Noun Clause
Q Aux S Q S Aux
Who is she? I dont know who she is
What are these man? I dont know what these man are
Question Noun Clause
Sementara beberapa lainnya harus mengalami perubahan pola:
Noun clause dapat digunakan sebagai subjek. Subjek dalam bentuk noun clause
menggunakan singular verb.
Question Noun Clause
What did he say? What he said surprised me.
What should they do? What they should do is obvious.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2
Noun Clause with Whether or If
NOUN CLAUSE WI TH WHETHER OR I F
Dikembangkan dari yes or no question
Without or not With or not
I dont know whether she will come. I dont know whether she will come or not.
I wonder whether he needs help. I wonder whether or not he needs help.
I dont know if she will come. I dont know if she will come or not.
Pada noun clause with whether or if, kita bisa menambahkan kata or not.
Or Not tidak mengubah makna kalimat, hanya memberi penekanan.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3
Question Words Followed by
Infinitives
QUESTI ON WORDS FOLLOWED BY
I NFI NI TI VES
Question Words Followed by Infinitives memiliki makna
yang sama dengan should can/could.

Should Can/Could QW with Inf
I dont know what I should do. I dont know what to do.
Pramuki cant decide whether she should go or stay
home.
Pramuki cant decide whether to go or to stay home.
Please tell me how I can get to the Post Office. Please tell me how to get to the Post Office.
Jamal told us where we could find it. Jamal told us where to find it.
For example:
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4
Noun Clause with That
NOUN CLAUSE WI TH THAT
Noun Clause with That berasal dari sebuah statement (pernyataan).
Statement adalah ekspresi dari suatu gagasan
Noun Clause with That dapat berperan sebagai subjek ataupun objek
pada sebuah kalimat
Statement Noun clause as subject Noun clause as object
The word is round That the world is round is a fact It is a fact that the world is round
She doesnt understand
Korean
That she doesnt understand Korean is
obvious
It is obvious (that) she doesnt
understand Korean
Learning point:
1. Jika digunakan sebagai subjek, that tidak boleh dihilangkan.
2. Namun bila digunakan sebagai objek, that dapat dihilangkan. Terutama
dalam percakapan.
MODULE 9
Reported Speech
CLASS 6 : REPORTED SPEECH
Reported speech adalah kalimat tidak langsung.
Terdapat 3 jenis reported speech:
1. Reported Statement
2. Reported Question, and
3. Reported Order
LEARNING ACTIVITY 5
Reported Statement
REPORTED STATEMENT
Reported Statement adalah mempergunakan noun clause untuk melaporkan
suatu pernyataan yang telah dikemukakan oleh seseorang


Quoted Statement Reported Statement
She said, I listen to the radio She said (that) she listened to the radio
She said, I am listening to the radio She said (that) she was listening to the radio
She said, I have listened to the radio She said she had listen to the radio
She said, I listened to the radio She said she had listen to the radio
She said, I will listen to the radio She said she would listen to the radio
She said, I am going to listen to the radio She said she was going to listen to the radio
She said, I can listen to the radio She said she could listen to the radio
She said, I may listen to the radio She said she might listen to the radio
She said, I must listen to the radio She said she had to listen to the radio
She said, I should listen to the radio She said she should listen to the radio
REPORTED STATEMENT
Learning Point:
1. Apabila reporting verb dalam bentuk past, verb pada noun clause juga dalam bentuk past
2. The verbs: could, should, would, might, must, neednt, ought to, used to biasanya tidak
berubah
3. Dalam percakapan, jika percakapan sedang berlangsung, tidak ada perubahan tenses A
:what the teacher just said? I cant hear? B : He said he wants us to read
4. Present tense tetap digunakan jika membicarakan general truth She said that the world
is round
5. Apabila reporting verb dalam bentuk simple present, present perfect atau future, kata kerja
dalam noun clause tidak berubah


Quoted Statement Reported Statement
She says, I watch TV everyday She says she watches TV everyday
She has said, I watch TV everyday She has said she watches TV everyday
REPORTED STATEMENT
Say and Tell
Learning Point:
1. Say langsung diikuti oleh noun clause
2. Tell diikuti oleh (pro)noun setelah itu baru noun
clause
Example:
Lucy told that she was happy salah!
Lucy told me that she was happy benar
Lucy said me that she was happy salah!
Lucy said (to me) that she was happy benar
LEARNING ACTIVITY 6
Reported Question
REPORTED QUESTI ON YES/ NO QUESTI ON
Menggunakan noun clause untuk melaporkan suatu pertanyaan
Learning point:
1. Menggunakan ask bukan say atau tell. Atau dapat jg menggunakan want to
know, wonder atau inquire
2. Menggunakan whether/if untuk memperkenalkan noun clause
3. Pronoun object (kata ganti objek) dapat dihilangkan setelah ask

Question Reported Question
Sandi said, Are you alright?
Sandi asked me whether/if I was alright
Sandi wanted to know if I was alright
Sandi wondered whether I was alright
Sandi inquire whether or not I was alright
REPORTED QUESTI ON QUESTI ON
WORDS
Learning point:
1. Menggunakan ask bukan say atau tell.
2. Langsung menggunakan kalimat Tanya
3. Perhatikan perubahan subject dan pronoun!
Question Reported Question
She said, Where do you live? She asked me where I lived.
She said, What is your name? She asked me what my name.
She said, How old she is? She asked me how old she was.
She said, What do you do? She asked me what I did.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 7
Reported Order
REPORTED ORDER
Menggunakan noun clause untuk melaporkan kalimat perintah, ajakan,
undangan atau permintaan
Direct Order Reported Order
Jamal said, Please come to my party! Jamal invited me to come to his party
My teacher said, You should learn more! My teacher advised me to learn more.
Pattern pada reported order:
Jamal invited me to come to his party
S + reporting verb + (pro)noun object + infinitive phrase
Kata-kata yang dapat berperan sebagai reporting verb:
Allow
Beg
Challenge
Convince
Direct
Encourage
Expect
Instruct
Persuade
Urge