Correct any FIVE of the following sentences:

1. Passing through ten different cities, Karachi is the most active.

2. He was laid up for six weeks with two broken ribs.
3. Someone showed the visitors in the room.
4. Until you remain idle you will make no progress.
5. It is very wrong to be devoted to lying and cheating.
6. He told me that he is waiting for me since a long time.
7. The house stood up in the dull street because of its red door.
8. He brought the articles to the market which he wanted to sell.
ANSWERS
1. We found Karachi is the most active.
2. He was laid up with two broken ribs for six weeks.
3. Someone showed the visitors to the room.
4. As long as you remain idle you will make no progress.
5. It is too wrong to be devoted to lying and cheating.
6. He told me that he had been waiting for me for a long time.
7. The house stood out in the dull street because of its red door.
8. He brought the articles, which he wanted to sell to the market.
(Recommended Book: Discovery the World of English)
Human Facts
1. There are more than 26 billion cells in a newely-born baby.
2. More than two-thirds of body weight is made up of fluids.
3. There are over 650 muscles in a body, from tiny ones that move the eyelids to
the powerful ones that moves the legs.
4. The brain is the body's main control centre. Messages are sent from the brain
to the body at a rate of 240 miles per hour.
5. The main organ of balance is in the inner ear.
6. The skin is waterproof, and protects the body from dirt and germs. Its weight
in only 6 pounds.
7. It takes 24 hours for food to travel over 30 feet throughout body.
8. It is impossible to sneeze and keep eyes open at the same time.
9. The normal blood pressure of human being is 120/80 mm.
10. The normal human cell has 46 chromosomes.
11. The human brain contains 10,00,00,00,000 nerve cells.
12. There are four types of teeths, i.e. (i) Incisors, (ii) Canine, (iii) Pre-mo
lars, (iv)) Molars.
13. Each has weight of 1.5 ounce. Both eyes move together. They are always in mo
tion, even during sleep.
14. Adults have 32 teeth.
15. An average human scalp has 100,000 hair.
16. There are 45 miles of nerves in the skin of a human being.
17. It takes 17 muscles to smile and 43 muscles to frown.
18. A normal sized man weighs about forty times as much as his brain.
19. The muscles of the human jaw exert a force of over 219 kg.
20. The human mouth produces 2-3 pints of saliva a day.
21. Two-thirds of the body's weight is water.
22. There are 3,000 sweat glands to every square inch of skin in the palms of ou
r hands.
23. Nerves transmit messages at up to 300 feet per second.
24. On average we lose 11 oz of weight while we are asleep at night.
25. Men are ten times more colour blind than women.
EVERYDAY SCIENCE
ECLIPSES SOLAR AND LUNAR
Eclipse:
Eclipse, in astronomy, the obscuring of one celestial body by another, particula
rly that of the sun or a planetary satellite. Two kinds of eclipses involve the
earth: those of the moon, or lunar eclipses; and those of the sun, or solar ecli
pses.
Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse occurs when the earth is between the sun and the moon and its sh
adow darkens the moon.
The earth, lit by the sun, casts a long, conical shadow in space. At any point w
ithin that cone the light of the sun is wholly obscured. Surrounding the shadow
cone, also called the umbra, is an area of partial shadow called the penumbra
A lunar eclipse can only occur at Full Moon and only if the Moon passes through
some portion of Earth's shadow. That shadow is which is composed of two cone-sha
ped components, one nested inside the other. The outer or penumbral shadow block
s part but not all of the Sun's rays from reaching the Moon. In contrast, the um
bral shadow blocks all direct sunlight from reaching the Moon.
There are three types of lunar eclipses
1. Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:
It occurs when the moon passes through Earth's penumbral shadow. These events ar
e subtle and hard to observe.
2. Partial Lunar Eclipse:
It occurs when a portion of the moon passes through Earth's umbral shadow. These
events are easy to see, even with the unaided eye.
3. Total Lunar Eclipse:
Total Lunar eclipse takes place when the entire moon passes through Earth's umbr
al shadow. These events are quite striking due to the Moon's vibrant red colour
during the total phase i.e. totality.
SOLAR ECLIPSE
A solar eclipse occurs at New Moon when the Moon passes between Earth and Sun. I
f the Moon's shadow happens to fall upon Earth's surface at that time, some port
ion of the Sun's disk covered or eclipsed by the Moon. The solar eclipse doesnt o
ccur frequently as the Moon's orbit around Earth is tilted 5 degrees to Earth's
orbit around. As a result, the Moon's shadow usually misses Earth as it passes a
bove or below earth at New Moon. At least twice a year, the geometry lines up ju
st right so that some part of the Moon's shadow falls on Earth's surface and an
eclipse of the Sun is seen from that region.
When the Moon's penumbral shadow strikes Earth, we see a partial eclipse of the
Sun from that region. Partial eclipses are dangerous to look at because the un-e
clipsed part of the Sun is still very bright.
The three types of solar eclipses are
Partial Eclipse:
A partial eclipse occurs when the Sun and Moon are not exactly in line and the M
oon only partially obscures the Sun. This phenomenon can usually be seen from a
large part of the Earth outside of the track of an annular or total eclipse. How
ever, some eclipses can only be seen as a partial eclipse, because the umbra nev
er intersects the Earth's surface.
Annular Eclipse:
An annular eclipse occurs when only a small, ring-like sliver of light is seen f
rom the sun's disc. the Sun and Moon are exactly in line, but the apparent size
of the Moon is smaller than that of the Sun. Hence the Sun appears as a very bri
ght ring, or annulus, surrounding the outline of the Moon.
(Recommended Book: Discovering the World of Everyday Science)
. Life isnt about getting and having, its about giving and being. Kevin Kruse
2. Whatever the mind of man can conceive and believe, it can achieve. Napoleon Hi
ll
3. Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value. Albert Einstein
4. Two roads diverged in a wood, and II took the one less traveled by, And that h
as made all the difference. Robert Frost
5. I attribute my success to this: I never gave or took any excuse. Florence Nigh
tingale
6. You miss 100% of the shots you dont take. Wayne Gretzky
7. Ive missed more than 9000 shots in my career. Ive lost almost 300 games. 26 tim
es Ive been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed. Ive failed over and
over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed. Michael Jordan
8. The most difficult thing is the decision to act, the rest is merely tenacity.
Amelia Earhart
9. Every strike brings me closer to the next home run. Babe Ruth
SCIENTIFIC ABBREVIATIONS
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
a.m. Ante Meridiem (before noon)
AC Alternating Current
ACTH Adrinocoticotrophic Hormone
ADH Antidiuretic Hormone
ADP Adenosine diphosphate; Automatic Dala processing
AGR Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit
AM Amplitude Modulation
AMP Adenosine monophosphate
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode/ Automated Teller Machine
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
AU Astronomical Unit
AVO METER Ampere Volt Ohm Meter
AWACS Airborne Warning and Control System
AZT Azido-Thymidine (AIDS Drug)
BASIC Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
BC Before the Christian era or before Christ
BCE before the Common Era
BCG Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (tuberculosis vaccine)
BMI Body Mass Index
BMR Basal Metabolic Rate
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
BP Boiling Point/ Blood Pressure
BTU British Thermal Unit
BWR Boiling Water Reactor
CAD Computer Aided Drawing
CAL Computer Aided Learning
CAT Computed Axial Tomography
CCTV Closed-Circuit Television