FIZIKMOZAC 2010

FORCES & PRESSURE

3.1 PRESSURE
1. Question 3: Teknik 07
Diagram 3.1 shows a man weight of
500 N sitting on 800 nails and feels no
pain although the nails exerted pressure
to him. Diagram 3.2 shows the surface
area of the tip of the nail



DIAGRAM 3.1 DIAGRAM 3.2

(a) State the SI unit of pressure?

..............................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the pressure exerted on
the man in Diagram 3.1



[3 marks]

(c) Its easier to cut through a loaf of bread
using a sharp knife than a blunt knife.
Explain this situation.

..............................................................

..............................................................
[2 marks]










2. Question 5: Kelantan 09
Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two
balloons A and B exerted with the same
force.


(a) What is meant by pressure?

...............................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram
5.2,
(i) Which balloon will burst easily?

...............................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the pressure exerted on
the balloon.

...............................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Compare the surface area of
finger and needle which in contact
with the balloon.

..........................................................
[1 mark]
(iv) Relate the pressure exerted on the
balloon with the surface area

...........................................................
[1 mark]
(v) What happens to the pressure on
the balloon if force exerted is
increased?

...........................................................
[1 mark]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010


3. Question 6: Johor 07
A farmer has two vehicles with the same
mass and the same number of wheels.


Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

(a) Based in the Diagram 6.1 and
Diagram 6.2:

(i) compare the contact area between
the wheels in the Diagram 6.1 and
Diagram 6.2.

...............................................................

................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) compare the weight of the
vehicle 1 and vehicle 2.

...............................................................

................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Which vehicle should the farmer use
when driving across his fields when
the ground is very soft? Give your
reasons.

......................................................................

......................................................................
[2 marks]

(c) Name the physics concept involved.

...............................................................
[1 mark]


(d) A manufacturer of car wheels
estimates that the area of a car
wheel in contact with the road is
about the same as the area of a
persons shoe in contact with the
ground. A car weighs 10 000 N and a
driver weighs 500 N.

(i) Calculate the ratio pressure of car
on ground : pressure of driver on
ground. The car has 4 tyres and a
driver has 2 feet)







[2 marks]

(ii) Suggest why it might be a good
idea to reduce the pressure of the
air in car tyres if the car is to be
driven over soft sand.

......................................................................

......................................................................
[1 mark]



















FIZIKMOZAC 2010

3.2 LIQUID PRESSURE
4. Question 2: Kelantan 10
Diagram 2.1 shows two different
containers filled with water. The water
pressure at
point P and point Q are the same.

(a) What is the meaning of pressure?

...............................................................
[1 mark]

(b) State one factor that affect the water
pressure at point P and Q.

...............................................................
[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the water pressure at point
P.
[Density of water = 1000 kgm
-3
]
[2 marks]




(d) Diagram 2.2 shows the water spurt
when a hole is made near the base
of container B.

Diagram 2.2

Diagram 2.3 shows the water in
container B is replaced by liquid X which
has higher density than water.
Diagram 2.3

Sketch the spurt of liquid X in Diagram
2.3.
[1 mark]

5. Question 5: SBP 07
Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two
dams with different shapes.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2


(a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram
5.2
(i) Compare the dams in Diagram
5.1 and Diagram 5.2.

...........................................................

...........................................................
[1 mark]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(ii) Compare the pressure at point
A and point B in the lake.

...........................................................

..........................................................

...........................................................
[1 mark]


(b) (i) Based on the answer in (a)(ii),
which dam is stronger?

........................................................

........................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain the reasons for your
answer in (b)(i).

........................................................

.......................................................
[ 2 marks ]

(c) Diagram 5.3 shows an apparatus
used to remove water from a beaker
to a cylinder.


Diagram 5.3

(i) Name the apparatus shown in
diagram 5.3.

.....................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Give a reason why water flows
from the beaker to the cylinder
as shown in Diagram 5.3.

.....................................................

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) In Diagram 5.4, mark the
water level in the cylinder
when water stops flowing
from the beaker to the
cylinder.

[1 mark]





6. Question 7: SBP 09
Diagram 7.1 shows a concrete water
tank filled with water.

Diagram 7.1

(a) State a factor that affects the water
pressure in the tank.

..............................................................
[1 mark]


FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(b)(i) Compare the water pressure at P
and Q

..........................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate the water pressure at Q.
(Density of water = 1000 kg m
-3
)




[2 marks]


(c) Diagram 7.2 shows water flows
from the concrete tank to the house
water tank.




Diagram 7.2
(i) What is the factor that causes
the water to flow from the
concrete tank to the

..............................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) The flow of water from the
concrete tank to the house
will stop at level P.
Explain why the supply
stops?

..............................................................

..............................................................
[2 mark]

(d) (i) Suggest two modifications
that can be done to ensure the
water flow continously to the
house water tank.

..............................................................

..............................................................
[2 mark]
(ii) Draw a water tank that can
withstand high water
pressure .





[1 mark]















3.3 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

7. Question 5: Melaka 09
Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two
mercury manometers in a laboratory.
The gas supply in Diagram 5.1 has less
pressure than diagram 5.2
FIZIKMOZAC 2010



(a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram
5.2
(i) state similarities about the
magnitude and the direction of
pressures

Magnitude :

Directions:

[2marks]

(iii) what is the total pressure at
point W


[1 mark]

(iii) state the relationship between
pressure at W and the gas
pressure


[1 mark]

(b) Based on the answers in 5(a)(ii)
and 5(a)(iii), write words equation
that relate between the
atmospheric pressure, mercury
pressure and the gas pressure.


[1 mark]


(c) (i) The gas supply is taken out.
Describe changes on the
height of the mercury column
in both Diagrams.



[1 mark]


(ii) Give one reason to your
answer in (c)(i).




[1 mark]








3.4 PASCALS PRINCIPLE
8. Question 2: Melaka Trial 08
Diagram 2 shows a hydraulic brake
system of a car. The cross-sectional
areas of the main cylinder and the small
cylinder are 5 x 10
- 4
m
2
and 6.0 x 10
- 4

m
2
respectively.
5(b)

1

5(a)(ii)

5(a)(iii)
1

1
FIZIKMOZAC 2010


Diagram 2

(a) State the physics principle
involved in Diagram 2.

..........................................................
[1 mark]

(b) On Diagram 2 show the direction
of motions of the main cylinder
and the small cylinder.
[1 mark]

(c) State the relationship between the
liquid pressure in the main
cylinder and the small cylinder.

...........................................................
[1 mark]

(d) The brake pedal is pressed with a
force of 15 N. Calculate the force
applied to the small cylinder.



[2 marks]







9. Question 3: Kedah 08
Diagram 3.1 shows a model of a
hydraulic jack. The force F
1
applied on
the small piston R is able to support two
loads which are placed on piston S and
T.


(a) Name the principle used in the
hydraulic jack.

..
[1 mark]

(b) (i) If F
1
= 5.0 N, calculate the
pressure exerted on piston R.

[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the fluid pressure at S
and T to the pressure at R.

.
[1 mark]

(iii) Determine the magnitude of the
force F
2
[2 marks]


(c) Give one reason why it is more
suitable to use a liquid instead of air
as the hydraulic fluid.


[2 marks]






3.5 ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

10. Question 3: MRSM 09
Diagram 3.1 shows a freely floating
hydrometer in water.
FIZIKMOZAC 2010


Diagram 3.1

A principle states that:
When a body is immersed wholly or
partially in a fluid, the buoyant forces
acting on the body is equal to the weight
of the fluid it displaces.
(a) (i) Name the principle above.

...........................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Mark on Diagram 3.1 the
direction of the two forces acting
on the hyrdrometer.
[1 mark]

(b) The hydrometer is removed from
water, dried and then placed in oil.
(i) Predict the length of the
hydrometer that is submerged in
oil, compared to length in water

........................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in
3(b)(i).

........................................................
[1 mark]

Diagram 3.2

(c) Diagram 3.2 shows an object
which has a weight of 0.25 N fully
immersed in water. Its apparent
weight is 0.22 N. [Density of water
= 1000 kg m
-3
]
(i) What is the buoyant force
on the object?

[1 mark]

(ii) Determine the volume of the
object.


[2 marks]



11. Question 3: Kedah 09
Diagram 3 shows a block of concrete
being lowered to the bottoms of a lake.
The volume of the block is 2.5 m
3
and its
weight is 125 000 N. The density of the
water in the lake is 1 010 kgm
-3
.

Diagram 3

(a) State the SI unit for pressure.

......................................................
[1 mark]

(b) State one factor that affects the
pressure at a point below the
surface of a liquid.
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(c) (i) Calculate the weight of the
water displaced by the block.

[2 marks]



(ii) Calculate the tension, T, in the
cable.

[2 marks]



12. Question 5: SBP 08
Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two
solid spheres A and B with different
density place in the water.


(a) What is meant by density?

............................................................
[ 1 mark ]






(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram
5.1,
(i) compare the density of sphere A
and sphere B

...........................................................
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) compare the weight of sphere A
and sphere B

...........................................................
[ 1 mark ]
(iii) compare the weight of water
displaced by sphere A and sphere
B

...........................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(iv) relate the weight of sphere and
the weight of water displaced

...........................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(v) relate the weight of water
displaced and upthrust

.........................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(c) Name the physics principle
involved in Diagram 5.1 and
Diagram 5.2.

............................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(c) State one application of physics
principle in 5 (c).

..............................................................
[ 1 mark ]

13. Question 5: Mid Melaka 09

Diagram 5.1 shows three boxes with
different density at stationary state.


Diagram 5.1





FIZIKMOZAC 2010


Diagram 5.2 shows the boxes float still
when placed in a liquid.

Diagram 5.2

(a) Based on the situation in Diagram
5.1 and the situation in Diagram
5.2,
(i) State similarities about the
volume and the net force of the
boxes.
Volume: ................................

Net force of the boxes:

...............................................
[2 marks]

(ii) Compare the weight of the boxes
in ascending order.


[1 mark]
(b) Observe Diagram 5.2
(i) Describe the position of the
boxes in the liquid

[2 marks]



(ii) Explain your answer in
5(b)(i).
[2 marks]




(c) Based on the answer in 5(b)(ii),
name the physics concept
involve.
[1 mark]
14. Question 5: Trengganu 07
A fisherman finds that his boat is at
different levels in the sea and in the
river, although the boat carries
the same load. The density of sea water
and river water is 1025 kg m
-3
and 1000
kg m
-3
respectively.

Diagram 5.1(a) Diagram 5.1(b)

Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 illustrate
the situation of the boat in the sea and
in the river.

(a) What is meant by density?

..............................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram
5.2 :
(i) Compare the level of the boat
in the sea water and in the river
water.

.....................................................

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the volume of water
displaced by the boat in the
sea and in the river

.....................................................

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Compare the density of sea
water and river water.

.....................................................

.....................................................
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

[1 mark]

(c)(i) Relate the volume of water
displaced to the density of water.

..............................................................

..............................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Deduce relationship between
weight of the boat and the weight
of the water displaced.

...........................................................

...........................................................
[1 mark]
(d) Name the physics principle that
explains the situation above.

..............................................................
[1 mark]

(e) A submarine can sail on the sea
surface and under the sea by using
the principle stated in (d).
How a submarine on the surface of
the sea can submerge?

..............................................................

.............................................................
[1 mark]
15. Question 7: N9 08
(a) Diagram 7.1 show a boat made from
steel floating at the sea. The mass of
the boat is 7500 kg.

(i) State one function of plimsoll
line?

........................................................
(ii) What is the buoyant force acts
on the boat.

.......................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) In the Diagram 7.2, mark the
level of water when the boat
enter the river Mouth.
[1 mark]

(iv) Explain your answer in (a)(iii).

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Diagram 7.3 shows a hot air
balloon floating stationary in the
air.



FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(i) State the relationship between
the weight of air balloon and
the upthrust.

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What will happen to the air
balloon if the load is dropped?

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Explain your answer in (b) (ii).

.....................................................

.....................................................
[2 mark]


3.6 BERNOULLIS PRINCIPLE
16. Question 2: Melaka 08
Diagram 2.1 shows an insecticide
sprayer.

(a) (i) Name the science principle
involved in the insecticide
sprayer.

...........................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Which region experiences low
pressure?
In the box below, tick the
correct answer.

X


Y


X

[1 mark]

(b) State one reason for your answer
in 2 (a) (ii).

..........................................................
[1 mark]
(c) Describe how the instrument
produced a fine spray liquid?

...........................................................
[1 mark]

17. Question 3: SBP 08
Diagram 3.1 shows a horizontal tube AB
with both of it ends are closed with
rubber stoppers. The tube is also fixed
with three vertical tubes X,Y and Z.
Water is then poured into the horizontal
tube AB.

(i) Mark the water level in the
vertical tube X,Y and Z.
[1 mark]

(ii) State one physical quantity that
affected the water level in the
above diagram.

...........................................................
[1 mark]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Diagram 3.2

(c) A ventury tube AB now is replaced
with the ventury tube shown in
diagram 3.2. Water flows uniformly
from end A to end B of the tube and
it is found that the water level of
tube P is at Z. (Density of water =
1000 kgm
-3
)

(i) Compare the water level in the
vertical tube P,Q and R.

..........................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Name the principal involve in b(i).

...........................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) By neglecting atmospheric
pressure, calculate the pressure
caused by the water column at
point X.


[2 marks]























18. Question 5: Perak 07
The Diagram 5.1 shows before and when
air flow through tube.
The Diagram 5.2 shows the situation of
the roof of a house before and when
high wind blows.


Before air flows When air flows

Diagram 5.1


Before air flows When air flows

Diagram 5.2

(a) What is meant by speed?

..........................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and
Diagram 5.2:
(i) State two similarities for the
situations in Diagram 5.1 and
Diagram 5.2.
1. ..............................................

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

.............................................

2. ..............................................

..............................................
[2 marks]

(ii) Compare the air pressure
above the roof and below the
roof in Diagram 5.2.

....................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) Relate the speed of the air and
the pressure of the air.

....................................................
[1 mark]

(c) Name the principle involved in 5
(b)(iii).

...........................................................
[1 mark]




(d) Diagram 5.3 shows an instrument
use to spray an insecticide.


In Diagram 5.3,
(i) Compare the speed of air at Q
and at R.

....................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Compare air the pressure at Q
and R.

.....................................................
[1 mark]



















































FIZIKMOZAC 2010

19. Conceptual: Kedah 07
Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show how
water spurts out from its container when
the valve is opened.

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

When a liquid is held in a container, it
exerts pressure on the container.

(a) What is meant by pressure?
[1 mark]

(b) With reference to Diagram 9.1 and
Diagram 9.2, compare the depth of
the water in both containers, the rate
at which water spurts out and the
distance travelled by the water that
spurts out.
Relate the distance travelled by the
water that spurts out to the depth of
the water. Hence make a conclusion
regarding the relationship between
the pressure and the depth of the
water.
[5 marks]

20. Understanding: Kedah 07
A small bubble of air is released from
the bottom of a lake.
(i) Explain what happens to the size of
bubble as it rises to the surface of
the water.
[2 marks]

(ii) Explain how this change affects the
upward motion of the bubble.
[2 marks]


21. Understanding: Trengganu 07
Diagram 9.2 shows the toothpaste flows
out of its tube while squeezing at the
bottom end.



DIAGRAM 9.2

Explain how the toothpaste flows out
and name a physics principle related to
it.
[4 marks]
]
22. Understanding: Perak 07
(i) What is meant by pressure?

[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why places at high altitude
the temperature is colder compare to
places at low altitude which is more
warmer.

[4 marks]

23. Understanding: SBP 07


Diagram 11.2

Diagram 11.2 shows rod A and rod B of
different densities are immersed in
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

water. Explain why the rods float in
water and why B sinks deeper than A.
[4 marks]

24. Understanding: Trengganu 07
Diagram 11.1 shows a small aircraft.
Diagram 11.2 shows a cross section of
the aircrafts wings.



Diagram 11.1

Diagram 11.2

(a) Name the shape of the cross
sectional of the aircraft wings.
[1 mark]

(b) The aircraft obtains its lift when
flying due to a difference in
pressure of the air between the
upper and bottom sides of the
wings.
(i) Explain how this difference in
pressure is produced.
[3 marks]

(i) Name the principle involved in
your answer to(b)(i)
[1 mark]



25. Teknik 07
Diagram 11.1 shows a gas balloon,
moored with a load at the Book Festival.
The mass of the balloon is 5 kg. The
balloon and the load float at a certain
height and the buoyant force acting on
the balloon is 250 N


DIAGRAM 11.1

(i) What is the meaning of buoyant
force ?
[1 mark ]

(ii) Explain why the balloon and the
load float ?
[4 marks ]

(c) If the mooring rope cut off, the
balloons will rise up.

(i) Calculate the resultant force of the
balloon
(ii) Calculate the initial acceleration of
the balloon
(iii) what is your assumption in your
calculation in c(ii)

[5 marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Table 11.2 shows the characteristics of
four sets, A, B , C and D of balloons,
ropes and loads .

Set Type of gas
filled and
density

Mass of
loads
/kg

Maximum
Tension
allowed /
N
A Helium
(0.17 kg m
-3
)
5 300
B Hydrogen
(0.09 kg/m
3
)
20 250
C Helium
(0.17 kg m
-3
)
20 300
D Nitrogen
(1.25 kg/m
3
)
5 100

As a supervisor , you are assigned to
investigate the characteristics of set
balloons, ropes and loads that could
be used for the purpose.
Base on the table 11.2;
(i) Explain the suitable
characteristics of the balloons,
ropes and loads so that it can be
used
(ii) Decide which set is most suitable
to be used at the festival.
(iii) Explain why the others set is not
suitable

[10 marks]

26. Making decision problem: Perak
07
You are asked to investigate the
characteristics of tractors and choose a
tractor that can do heavy works, an
example of a tractor is shown in
Diagram 11.2.

Diagram 11.2


Type
of
tract
or



Characteristics of tractors

Size of
tyre
Physic
al state
of
fluids
used in
hydrau
lic
system
Mass Base
area
Cent
re of
gravi
ty

M


Large

Liquid

Large

Large

Low

N


Large

Liquid

Large

Large

High

P


Large

Gas

Large

Small

High

Q


Mediu
m

Liquid

Large

Mediu
m

Low

R


Large

Liquid

Large

Mediu
m

High

(i) Explain the suitability of the
characteristics of the tractors
used to do heavy works.
(ii) Determine the most suitable
tractor and give reasons for
you choice.

[10 marks]

















FIZIKMOZAC 2010

27. Making decision: SBP 07
Diagram 11.1 shows an apparatus which
is used to determine the density of a
liquid. These apparatus is an application
of Archimedes Principle.

Diagram 11.1

You are required to build a hydrometer
that can be used to measure densities of
concentrated acids.

Table 11.1 shows the characteristics of 4
types of hydrometers L, M, N and O.


H
y
d
r
o
m
e
t
e
r

T
y
p
e

o
f

m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l

o
f

h
y
d
r
o
e
t
e
r

D
i
a
m
e
t
e
r

o
f

c
a
p
i
l
l
a
r
y

t
u
b
e
/

c
m

D
e
n
s
i
t
y

o
f

s
h
o
t
s
/

k
g
m
-
3

D
i
a
m
e
t
e
r

o
f

b
o
t
t
o
m

b
u
l
b
/

c
m

L Plastic 0.5 1000 1.0
M Plastic 2.0 1300 3.0
N Glass 0.5 9800 3.0
O Glass 2.0 8000 1.0

Based on the table 11.1;

(ii) Explain the suitable
characteristics of the
hydrometer so that it can be
used to measure different
densities of acids.

(iii) Decide which hydrometer is
most suitable and give reasons.
[10 marks]

28. Making Descision: Trengganu 07
(a) Table 11 shows characteristic of
four design of the aircraft wings.


You are requested to choose a suitable
wing to be installed with the body of the
aircraft.

By referring to the information given in
Table 11, explain the suitability of each
characteristic and suggest the most
suitable wing to be installed with the
body of the aircraft.
[10 marks]
(b) An aircraft installation department
chooses wing P to be installed
with its aircrafts which has
maximum mass 800 kg.
(i) If the air pressure below the wing is
more than the air pressure above
the wing by 500 N m
-2
, calculate the
force that exerted from below of the
wing.
[2 marks]


(ii) Determine the resultant force and
its direction that exerted to the wing
of the aircraft.
[2 marks]

(iii) Calculate the vertical acceleration
of the aircraft.
[1 mark]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

29. Qualitative problem: Kedah 07
Diagram 9.3 and Diagram 9.4 show the side
view of two different models of a dam made
from bricks and concrete.

Diagram 9.3 Diagram 9.4

(i) Which model is preferable? Explain your
answer.
[2 marks]
(ii) Suggest two uses of the water in the
dam.
[2 marks]
(iii) Explain the modifications that need to be
made to the dam to enable it to store
more water safely.

[6 marks]

30. Qualitative problem : Trengganu 07
Diagram 9.3 shows a hidraulic jack
which can lift up a maximum mass of 1
metric tonne.


DIAGRAM 9.3

Using suitable physics concepts,
explain the modification that needs to be
done to the:
i. size of the piston,
ii. material of the body,
iii. type of liquid used,
iv. handle and
v. ability to reset the piston position
easily of the hidraulic jack to enable
it to lift mass of greater quantity.
[10 marks]


31. Quantitative problem: Perak 07
Diagram 11.1 is used to study the effect
of altitude on the magnitude of
atmospheric. The atmospheric pressure
can be measured by a Fortin barometer.
The density of the mercury used in the
Fortin barometer is 13 600 kg m
-3
.

Diagram 11.1

What is the
(i) atmospheric pressure at the
sea level in pascal (Pa)?

(ii) atmospheric pressure
experienced by the aircraft in
pascal (Pa)?

(iii) atmospheric pressure
experienced by the satellite in
pascal (Pa)?
[5 marks]









FIZIKMOZAC 2010

32. Section B: SBP 08
Diagram 9.1 shows a hot air balloon
carry up the loads at a certain height in
the morning and diagram 9.2 shows the
same hot air balloon carry up the loads
at a certain height in the afternoon. This
hot air balloon used helium gas at the
same temperature in both situation.
In the morning In the afternoon


(a) (i) What is meant by density?
[1 mark]

(ii) Using diagrams 9.1 and 9.2,
compare the density of the air, the
load that can be carry up by the
hot air balloon and the height of
the hot air balloon from the
ground.
Relate the buoyant force with the
density of the air to make a
deduction regarding the
relationship between the density
of the air and the weight of the
load carry up by the hot air
balloon.
[5 marks]


(b) Why does an iron nail sink in water
but a cargo ship with a huge mass
floats?

[4 marks]
(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a ship.

By considering the ship in Diagram
9.3, give some suggestion how you
would design a submarine that can
submerge in a deep sea. In your
explanation, emphasise on the
following aspects
( i ) the shape of the submarine.
( ii ) material used for its body.
( iii) additional component to
control its buoyant force and
to observe the sea
surroundings.
( iv) safety features for the crew
of the submarine.

[10 marks]

33. Section B: Trengganu 08
(a) Diagram 9.1(a), Diagram 9.2(b) and
Diagram 9.2(c) show a rock hung on a
spring balance in air, immersed in water
and cooking oil respectively. The
reading of the spring balance for
each situation is as shown in Diagram
9.1.
FIZIKMOZAC 2010



(i) What is meant by weight?
[1 mark]


(ii) Using Diagram 9.1(a), Diagram 9.1(b)
and Diagram 9.1(c), compare the
spring balance reading, the weight
lost of the rock and the density of the
water and the cooking oil.
Relating the weight lost and the
density, deduce a relevant physics
concept.

[4 marks]

(iii) Name the physics principle that
explains the above situations.

[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows a copper block and
a bowl shape copper sheet of same
mass.
Explain why the copper block sink in
water but the bowl shape copper sheet
floats on water.

[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a barge used to
transport goods from fresh water port
to the ship anchored away from the
seaside.


Using suitable physics concepts,
explain the required modification
needed in designing a barge that can
carry more and heavier goods, move
faster and safe in fresh and salt water.
You can emphasise on the following
aspects in your modification;
i. material used

ii. plimsoll line

iii. shape and size of the barge


[10 marks]

34. Section C: Kelantan 08
Diagram 11.1 shows two boats of the
same weights floating on the surface of
water in the sea and in the river.


(a)(i) What is meant by weight?
[1 mark]
(iii)Explain why the boat is able to
float?
[1 mark]
(iv)Explain why the sinking levels of
the boats are difference in the
river and in the sea.
[3 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(a) If the volume of the boat that
sinks in sea water is 250 mm
3
and
the density of sea water is 1 080
kgm
-3
, calculate
(i) Up thrust which acts on the
boat.
[3 marks]
(ii) The volume of water
displaced when the boat is
in the river. [density of river
water = 1 000 kgm
-3
]
[2 marks]
(b) Diagram 11.2 shows the
specifications of four hydrometers
P, Q, R and S


Long and small long and small
stem stem
Glass wall Plastics wall
Bulb of diameter Bulb of diameter
6 cm 3 cm
Lead shoots vacuum


Short and small short and small
Stem stem
Glass wall Aluminium wall
Bulb of diameter Bulb of diameter
6 cm 3 cm
Vacuum Lead shoots


You are asked to measure the density of
an acid solution.
(i) Study hydrometers P, Q,R and
S in diagram 11.2 and explain
the suitability of each features
to determine the density of
acid solution
(ii) Determine the most suitable
hydrometer to be used to
measure the density of an acid
solution.
[10 marks]
35. Section C: N9 08
Diagram 11.1 shows a machine
controlled by a worker to dump soil.
A hydraulic system helps to move the
bucket containing soil.

(a) What is meant by pressure?
[1 mark ]

(b) Using a concept of pressure in
liquid, explain why the hydraulic
system in this machine is known
as a force multiplier.
[4 marks]


FIZIKMOZAC 2010

(c) Diagram 11.2 shows a hydraulic jack
lifting the back portion of the car.

Table 11.3 shows four type of liquid, K,
L, M, and N, with different
specifications. You are required to
determine the most suitable liquid that
can be used as a hydraulic fluid in the
hydraulic jack. Study the specifications
of all the four types of liqiud from the
following aspects:
i) Boiling point of the liquid
ii) Specific heat capacity of liquid
iii) Density of liquid
iv) Rate of vaporation of liquid

[10 marks]

(d) A man of mass 60 kg walks on
snow wearing snow shoes. His feet
will sink into the snow if the
pressure exerted exceeds 500 Pa.
(i) What is the weight of the man?
(ii) Calculate the minimum area of
each snow shoe so that he will
not sink into the snow.
[5 marks]

36. Section C: Kedah 08
(a) (i) State Archimedess principle.
[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why a balloon filled with
helium gas rises up in the air.
[4 marks]
(b) Diagram 11.1 shows four hot air
balloon, P,Q, R and S with different
textures. You are required to
determine the most suitable hot air
balloon which is able to carry three
or four people to a higher altitude in
a shorter time. Study the features of
all the four hot air balloons from the
following aspects:
- The size of the balloon
- The number of the burners
- The type of the fabric of the
balloon
- The temperature of the air in the
balloon.
Explain the suitability of the aspects.
Justify your choice.



Hot air balloon P
Small balloon,
volume = 800 m
3


Features
- Type of
ballon fabric:
Synthetic
nylon
- Temperature
of flame: 100C
-
Hot air balloon Q
Large balloon
Volume: 2500 m
3

Features
- Type of
ballon fabric:
Synthetic
nylon
- Temperature
of flame: 120C






-
Hot air balloon R
Large balloon
Volume: 2500 m
3


Features
- Type of
ballon fabric:
Canvas

- Temperature
of flame: 60C
-
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

Hot air balloon S
Small balloon
Volume: 800 m
3



Features
- Type of
ballon fabric:
Canvas

- Temperature
of flame: 80C
-

[10 marks]


(c) Diagram 11.3 shows a cylindrical glass
tube of uniform cross sectional area of
2 cm
2
. The glass tube contains lead
shots and floats upright in water.



The density of water is 1 g cm
-3

(i) Calculate the total mass of the
glass tube and the lead shots.
(ii) The tube is then placed in
another liquid of different
density. Determine the
minimum density of liquid for
the tube to float in it.
[5 marks]







]
37. Quatitative problem: SBP 07
Diagram 11.3 shows a boat which has a
safety limit line, L. The volume of the
boat under the line L is 4 m
3
. The mass
of the boat is 250 kg.
[density of water : 1000 kgm
-3
]


Diagram

(i) Calculate the volume of water
displaced by the boat.

(ii) What is the maximum load that can
be carried safely by the boat?

[ 5 marks]