Part A

1. What do you understand by recreation? (1)

Ans. Recreation is light playful activity which gives us enjoyment, fun and pleasure. In these activities
there are no hard and fast rules.
2. Explain the objectives for intramurals. (1)
Ans. The objectives of intramurals are
(i) To provide incentive, motivation and opportunity to learn various skills.
(ii) To develop sportsman spirit among students.
(iii) To help in recreation of the students.
(iv) To improve social circle among the students.
3. Explain sports environment. (1)
Ans. Environment means totality of mans surroundings, which influence the mind, senses and action.
Sports environment means an environment of a player where he performs an activity or sport. There
should be a proper environment for participation as per appropriate age and sex.
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Maximum Marks : 70 Time : 3 hours
2014
P hy s i c a l Educ a t i on
General Instructions
(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Question paper carries A and B two parts.
(iii) Answers to questions carrying 1 mark should be in approximately 30 words.
(iv) Answers to questions carrying 2 marks should be in approximately 60 words.
(v) Answers to questions carrying 3 marks should be in approximately 100 words.
(vi) Answers to questions carrying 5 marks should be in approximately 150-200 words.
4. Define flat foot. (1)
Ans. Flat foot is a deformity of feet. In this deformity, there is no arc in the foot and the foot is completely
flat, which may cause pain in foot, problem in running and walking.
5. What is swadhyaya in yogic Niyamas? (1)
Ans. It means to make life happy and peaceful. It is essential that we make use of extensive study of
subjects in which we want to specialise, e.g., study of great vedas.
6. What are vitamins? (1)
Ans. Vitamins are compounds of carbon and essential for the normal growth and working of the body.
They are required in a very small quantity.
The important vitamins are A, C, D, E, K and B-complex (B
1
, B
2
, B
3
, B
5
, B
6
, B
7
, B
9
and B
12
).
Sources of Vitamins Milk, butter, egg, green vegetables, sunlight, oil, nuts, fish and amla, etc.
7. Define acceleration runs. (1)
Ans. It is the ability to achieve high speed of locomotion froma stationary position or froma slowmoving
position. Acceleration ability is improved indirectly by improving on explosive strength, technique
and movement frequency.
8. What is goal setting? (1)
Ans. In sports as well as in life it is very important to set goals for yourself. They provide direction so that
you can achieve the things that will bring you happiness and success.
9. Explain any two factors affecting wellness. (2)
Ans. The factors affecting wellness are
(i) Regular Exercise It the physical exercise is not done regularly, the fitness level of a person
declines considerably.
(ii) Heredity It decides structure of a person, colour of eyes, skin, type of muscle fibres (slow and
fast twitch).
10. Explain any two types of causative factors related to accidents in sports. (2)
Ans. The main causes of accidents in sports are
(i) Lack of physical fitness may cause accidents.
(ii) Not performing proper warming-up before the activity.
(iii) Poor maintenance of play field not as per rules of the game.
(iv) Equipment fault or failure of equipment can cause accident.
11. Mention any four points to show the importance of yoga. (2)
Ans. (i) It reduces mental tension, stress and promotes relaxation.
(ii) It controls and regulates sense organs and curve various diseases and chronic problems.
(iii) Heights of meditation can be achieved through pranayama.
(iv) It improves correct body posture, memory and mental sharpness.
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12. Explain any two methods for flexibility development. (2)
Ans. Developing methods for flexibility are
(i) Ballistic method In ballistic method, the movement is performed with a swing in a rhythmic
way.
(ii) Static stretching method In this method, the joint is stretched and hold 10 to 30 seconds. (2)
13. Explain ethics in sports.
Ans. Ethics is a branch of philosophy rather it is known as moral philosophy. When applied to a particular
profession or field, ethics is useful in uncovering the values that drive practice. These values are
clearly defined as codes of ethics. Teacher possessing good character always impress students a lot.
Ethically fair play and honesty are the prime factors for the promotion of healthy sports environment.
14. Games and sports are the best means for attaining fitness. Justify. (3)
Ans. Games and sports are the combination of aerobic and anaerobic activities. Participation in games
and sports is one of the best means to develop physical fitness. In games and sports the physical
fitness components are very important.
Every game and sport requires physical fitness components. In some activities we require endurance
(like long distance races) whereas in some speed (sprint), in some we need strength (weight lifting)
and in some flexibility (gymnastics). Games and sports develop good level of co-ordination ability.
Thus, we can say that games and sports are the best means to develop physical fitness.
15. Elucidate the role of media for improvement of positive sports environment. (3)
Ans. Media refers to all those ways that are used to bring us stories, news, actions, knowledge and
information. Media is of various types like magazines, books, newspapers, television, radio, cinema,
computer, internet etc.
Media plays big role in popularising sports at the global level. It gives us knowledge about sports, it
guides us the changing trends in sport. Media promotes new games and sports, at highlights the up
coming players and tells us more about good players. Electronic media also provides live coverage
of sports competition. It also provides great opportunities in jobs for sports person.
16. Explain any three techniques of meditation. (3)
Ans. (i) Dharana fixing the attention on single object, high concentration. These should be performed
under the able guidance of a guru or teacher who guides for maximum development and
control of senses.
(ii) Dhayana It is the process of controlling the mind through meditation. It develops high levels of
concentration.
(iii) Samadhi It is the state of super-consciousness where, dhayana its climax. It is also the state of
union with god. i.e., merging conciousness and salvation.
17. Explain any three principles of training in brief. (3)
Ans. (i) Principle of progression The principle of progression also makes us realise the need for proper
rest and recovery. The overload should not be increased too rapidly. If the overload is
increased too rapidly, it may result in injury or muscle damage.
(ii) Principle of specificity Principle of specificity states that exercising a certain part or component
of the body primarily develops that part. It means to become better at a particular exercise or
skill. You must perform that exercise or skill.
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(iii) The principle of continuity According to this principal, the training shauld be a continuous
process. There should not be any break. It should be a regular phenomenon. In fact, there
should not be a long period of inactivity. It has been observed that discontinuity of training
reduces the psychological capacity of sport persons. Along this, the interval between two
training sessions should be maximum but not too long.
18. Suggest the formation of various committees for systematic and smooth conduct of
sports day in your school. (5)
Ans. The organisation of sports events requires a lot of planning. The planning is executed properly, when
different committees work together for the smooth conduct of the sports events.
The following various committees are
(i) Technical Committee This committee is responsible for the technical conduct of the events.
This committee selects various officials such as refrees, judges, recorders, starters, umpires,
time keepers etc.
(ii) Transport Committee This committee is responsible for providing the facilities regarding
transportation of various teams to the venue of sports events.
(iii) Reception Committee The members of this committee are responsible to welcome the chief
guest and spectators at opening and closing ceremonies.
(iv) Boarding and Lodging Committee This committee is responsible for making necessary
arrangements for providing accommodation and serving meals to the sportspersons and
officials.
(v) Ground and Equipment Committee This committee makes necessary arrangements of
equipments related to the games and sports and athletics meet.
(vi) Medical and First Aid Committee This committee is formed to provide medical assistance to
participants round the clock.
(vii) Protest Committee In case of protest, the members of the jury decide about it.
(viii) Publicity Committee All the press releases and press conference are conducted by this
committee.
(ix) Finance Committee This committee is assigned to make budget for the event.
(x) Refreshment Committee This committee is formed to provide refreshment to the participants.
The food at the place of stay is also taken care of by this committee.
19. Explain in detail about any five advantages of correct posture. (5)
Ans. Advantages of correct postures are
(i) Physical Appearance The first image of personality comes through good posture. A good
posture makes individual appear smart, good looking, charming and attractive.
(ii) Optimum Physical Efficiency Good posture provides optimum opportunity to an individual to
improve physical efficiency and fitness.
(iii) Reduces Postural Deformities Correct posture helps to prevent postural deformities. Thus,
health problems are reduced like kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis, knock-knees, etc.
(iv) Improves Social Status A good physique reflects positive social qualities. Good posture is an
image of happy life style and social well being of an individual.
(v) Psychological Balance A good posture improves the psychological balance of the body and
mind. It improves the activeness of mind and leads to its optimum development.
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20. What is the role of various elements of diet on performance of an athlete? (5)
Ans. The energy requirement of an athlete depends on
(i) Quality Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and fluids.
(ii) Quantity Calories according to sports.
(iii) Variety Different types of food.
(iv) Palatability Proper cooking.
(v) Acceptability of Nutrients To suit different customs, habits and tastes.
The quality of sports diet depends on correct proportion of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals,
salts which constitute main nutrients of the diet.
Functions of different elements of diet are
(a) Carbohydrates are helpful in increasing endurance.
(b) Protein is necessary for the growth and development of various tissues of the body.
(c) A minium amount of fat is desirable for a long distance runner, high jumper and gymnast.
(d) Diet prevents various diseases.
(e) Vitamins are essential for good performance.
(f) Vitamin-B complex helps in increasing the internal strength of our systems.
(g) Vitamin-E is beneficial in the treatment of heart diseases.
(h) Diet maintains healthy weight.
(i) Diet provides stress relief.
(j) Diet maintains normaly body functions, proper blood, sugar levels.
(k) Diet gives positive psychological feeling.
(l) Diet provides enough glycogen storage.
(m) Protein is necessary for the growth and development of various tissues of the body.
(n) Minerals deficiency can decrease the performance specially during the exercises in hot
climate.
A normal person needs around 2100-2800 calories per day. But an athlete needs may expands upto
5000 to 7000 calories per day.
At training or competition time, the best food is to take in a small amount of non-carbonated fruits,
juices or non-carbonated soft drinks.
Eating Diet Before Performance We should eat suitable food in breakfast, cereals, porridge, bread
and toast, fruit juice, boiled, rice potatoes and biscuits, etc.
21. What is endurance? Explain the various methods for its development. (5)
Ans. Endurance is the ability of an individual to sustain any activity for a longer period. It also means the
ability to resist fatigue.
Various methods of endurance development are
(i) Interval Training Method In this method, the whole work load is divided into smaller load
periods with rest period in between them. Incomplete recovery is given in intervals.
Work load Rest Load Work load
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In this method, heart rate increases from normal to 180 beats/min. The bouts of load are
repeated, when the heart rate comes down from 180 beats/min to about 120 beats/min.
Interval training method is of two types
(a) Slow or Extensive Interval Method
Intensity Low (60-80%)
Distance 400-800 m
Frequency 15-25 rps
(b) Fast or Intensive Interval Method
Intensity High (80-100%)
Distance 50-400 m
Frequency 8-12 rps
(ii) Fartlek Training Method Affort - recovery - affort
Fartlek is a Swedish word which means speed play. This was introduced by Dr Astrand.
In this training, athlete can run at any pace, can select any path, can run for any distance. Athlete
involves run through streets, woods, river or sea side, running up and down the hill, forest and
mud etc.
Continuous Method
In this method, exercise is done for a longer duration without giving any break or pause in
between the exercise.
It is of three types
(i) Slow Pace Continuous Method In this method,
Intensity Low
Distance Long (10-30 km)
Heart rate 140-160 beats/min
Note Intensity means rate of doing work. HB represents heart beat and D represents duration.
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Recovery
Recovery
Hill running
Start
Running in knee
deep water
Sand running
Finish
Recovery
Load
180 beats/min
120 beats/min
70 beats/min
O
P
h
a
s
e
L
o
a
d
i
n
g
Load
180 beats/min
120 beats/min
Duration O
(ii) Fast Continuous Method
Intensity High
Distance Less (2-10 km)
Heart rate 160-180 beats/min
(iii) Variable Pace Method
Intensity Between low and high
Distance 8-20 km
Heart rate 140-180 beats/min
Part B
Answer the question nos. 22-24 and 26-27 from any one game/sport of your choice
only.
22. Write about any four tournaments of the game/sport of your cholce. (2)
Ans. (i) National Basketball Championship This is a national championship of basketball for men and
women. The first national basketball championship was held at bangalore in 1952. It was
organised by Basketball federation of India.
(ii) World Cup Cricket It is a one day international competition. It is held after every four years.
The first world cup was organised from june 7,1975 at Lords Stadium (England). The first match
was played between India and England. In the beginning this cup was named as prudential
cup and later on this cup was named as world cup cricket on June 9, 1979 since 1999 world
cup, its name has been changed permanently as ICC Trophy. India won the world cup in 1983.
(iii) Olympic Volleyball Championship Volleyball was included in olympic games in 1964
olympics which were held in tokyo (Japan). Since then, this championship is held in olympic
games.
(iv) Asian Games Volleyball Championship This championship is held in Asian Games. It was
included in Asian Games in 1958 in Tokyo. India won a bronze medal in volleyball in these
games.
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HB
180 beats/min
160 beats/min
O
D
HB
160 beats/min
140 beats/min
O
D
23. Explain any six terminologies from the game/sport of your choice. (3)
Ans. (i) Jump Ball A jump ball is a technique of starting basketball game in the beginning from the
circles. It takes place when official tosses the ball between the two opposing players, with new
rules only one time the jump ball is done and next time, it done with throw in.
(ii) Blocking It is illegal personal contact which impedes the progress of opponent player with or
without the ball.
(iii) Dribbling It is pumping of ball with hands so that it bounces back by which the movement of
ball takes place by a player.
(iv) Shooting An attempt to goal or basket scoring.
(v) Violation An infringement of rules, where opponent is awarded with throw-in from sideline or
end line closest to infraction.
(vi) Holding It is personal contact to opponent player that interferes with the freedom of movement
(by body contact).
24. Explain any five latest rules from the game/sport of your choice. (5)
Ans. Five latest rules of football are given below
(i) The objective of soccer is to send the ball into the opposing teams goal, by propelling it with
the feet or any other part of the body but not with the arms or hands.
(ii) Two teams, with a maximum of 11 players each (1 goal keeper and 10 field players), play.
(iii) Two halves of 45 minutes period each is the time.
(iv) Game is started with push-pass in opponents field from centre circle.
(vi) Referee keeps a check on the time and may extend the period beyond the regulated 45 minutes
cit if seems necessary due to the change of the player, undue delay, etc. The Referee is assisted
by two linesmen or Assistant Referees.
25. Explain Arjuna Award. (2)
Ans. Arjuna Award was started in 1961. It is given for outstanding performance after taking into account
of previous three years performance. As per newguidelines, only international achievement is taken
into consideration. Arjuna award cannot be presented second time. Two persons; one male and one
female, can get the award in the same discipline, otherwise only one sportsperson per game is
eligible for the award.
From 1965, this award is given in Olympic, Asian, Commonwealth game and Cricket. The
sportsperson whose name is recommended for this award, must obey. This award carries bronze
statue of Arjuna, scroll of honour and a medal with ` 5 lakh.
The committee consists of
(i) Olympians (ii) 4 Former Arjuna Awards
(iii) 2 Sports Administrators (iv) 1 Sport Secretary
Sport Personalities
(i) Athletics Neelam J Singh (1998), PT Usha (1983)
(ii) Basketball Sarabjit Singh (1961), Parminder Singh (2001)
(iii) Badminton Prakash Padukone (1972), Syed Modi (1980)
(iv) Cricket Kapil Dev (1979), Sunil Gawaskar (1975)
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26. Write about achievements of any three important sports personalities. (3)
Ans. (i) Dalel Singh Dalel singh was an outstanding volleyball player of India. He belongs to Amin
(Haryana). He was conferred with Arjuna Award in 1990. At present, he is working as the
director of sports at kurukshetra university. kurukshetra.
(ii) Balwant Singh Balwant singh was a very famous player of India. He belongs to kaul (Haryana).
He was conferred with Arjuna Award in 1972. He is popularly called Ballu.
(iii) Nripjit Singh He was an outstanding volleyball player of India. He belongs to punjab. He was
honored with Arjuna Award in 1962.
27. Explain any five common soft tissue injuries in the game/sport of your choice. (5)
Ans. (i) Cramp Cramp is inability of muscles to contract properly causing severe pain over affected
part. In other words, this in unbalance contraction of muscles. The causes of cramp are due to
over-straining (without rest), loss of body water by sweating, physical activity during sickness
etc.
(ii) Strain It is the result of stress or force applied on muscles. In this, the muscle or muscle tendons
are overstretched. There is severe pain at the site of injury. Such injury takes place in athletics,
skiing gymnastic etc.
(iii) Sprain A sprain may be defined as an injury of a ligament resulting from overstretched or torn.
Swelling, pain and tenderness can be felt at the sprained part. Sprains may take place in weight
lifting, athletics and tennis etc.
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(iv) Contusion It is caused by the blow or impact without breaking or rupture of the skin pain and
sometimes swelling on the effected part.
Such injuries take place in sports like hockey, boxing, basketball etc.
(v) Abrasion It is the injury of skin in which skin is scrapped or rubbed by fraction or fall during
any game/sport. It causes severe pain and sometimes bleeding.
Such injury occurs in sports like wrestling, football, cricket, jumps etc.
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