0 penilaian0% menganggap dokumen ini bermanfaat (0 suara)
91 tayangan5 halaman
Hypnotic barbiturates are more powerful enzyme inducers than benzodiazepines. Zolpidem and zaleplon have effectiveness similar to hypnotic benzodiazepines in treating sleep disorders. Hypnotic barbiturates include thiopental and phenobarbital, with thiopental used for anesthesia induction and phenobarbital commonly used for anxiety.
Hypnotic barbiturates are more powerful enzyme inducers than benzodiazepines. Zolpidem and zaleplon have effectiveness similar to hypnotic benzodiazepines in treating sleep disorders. Hypnotic barbiturates include thiopental and phenobarbital, with thiopental used for anesthesia induction and phenobarbital commonly used for anxiety.
Hypnotic barbiturates are more powerful enzyme inducers than benzodiazepines. Zolpidem and zaleplon have effectiveness similar to hypnotic benzodiazepines in treating sleep disorders. Hypnotic barbiturates include thiopental and phenobarbital, with thiopental used for anesthesia induction and phenobarbital commonly used for anxiety.
1. Hypnotic drugs are used to treat: a) Sleep disorders b) Parkinsonian disorders c) Narcolepsy d) Psychosis 2. Hypnotic drugs should: a) Prevent mood swings in patients with bipolar afective disorders b) Produce drowsiness, encourage the onset and maintenance of sleep c) Induce absence of sensation d) Reduce aniety and eert a calming efect 3. Which of these hypnotic drugs is an imidazopyridine derivative? a) Pentobarbital b) !ema"epam c) #olpidem d) $hloral hydrate 4. The hypnotic drug hich is sloly a!sor!ed is : a) !ria"olam b) %ia"epam c) Phenobarbital d) oa"epam ". The ultra # short acting !ar!iturate is : a) Secobarbital b) &mobarbital c) !hiopental d) Phenobarbital $. The folloing !ar!iturate has % # 24 hours half # life : a) Secobarbital b) !hiopental c) Phenobarbital d) &mylobarbitone &. The hypnotic !enzodiazepine' hich has the shortest half#life is : a) Nitra"epam b) %ia"epam c) 'a"epam d) !ria"olam %. ()T p4"* induction leads to: a) (arbiturate tolerance b) $umulative efects c) %evelopment of physical dependence d) )hangover* efects +. The hypnotic hich is preferred for elderly patients is : a) Secobarbital 1 CNS Pharmacology Sedatives & Hypnotics b) +luro"epam c) !ema"epam d) Phenobarbital 1*. The mechanism of !ar!iturate action ,at hypnotic doses-: a) Increasing the duration of the ,&(&-induced $l - channel openings b) %irectly activating the chloride channels c) Increasing the fre.uency of $l - channel opening events d) None of the above 11. .midazopyridines are: a) Partial agonists at brain /-!01& receptors b) Selective agonists of the (#1 2omega1) subtype of (# receptors c) $ompetitive antagonists of (# receptors d) Nonselective agonists of both (#1 and (#3 receptor subtypes 12. The competitive antagonist of /0 receptors is : a) +luma"enil b) Picrotoin c) #aleplon d) #olpidem 13. 1lumazenil !loc2s the actions of: a) 4orphine b) Phenobarbital c) #olpidem d) !hiopental 14. Which of the folloing agents is preferred in the treatment of insomnia? a) Phenothia"ide b) (en"odia"epines c) 'pioids d) (arbiturates 1". /ar!iturates are !eing replaced !y hypnotic !enzodiazepines !ecause of: a) 5ow therapeutic inde b) 4ore hang over c) 0igh potential of physical dependence and withdrawal syndrome d) &ll of the above 1$. The ideal hypnotic agent must has : a) Rapid onset and su6cient duration of action b) 4inor efects on sleep patterns c) 4inimal )hangover* efects d) &ll of the above 1&. 3uring slo ave sleep ,stage 3 4 4-: a) %reams occur b) !he secretion of adrenal steroids is at its highest level 2 CNS Pharmacology Sedatives & Hypnotics c) Somnambulism 2sleepwalking) and nightmares occur d) !he secretion of somatotropin is at its lowest 1%. Hypnotic agents induce: a) Increase the duration of R74 sleep b) %ecrease the duration of R74 sleep c) %ecrease the duration of Non-R74 sleep 2 mainly stage 2) d) Increase the duration of slow wave sleep 1+. Which of the folloing hypnotic drugs causes least suppression of 567 sleep? a) +luma"enil b) Phenobarbital c) +lura"epam d) Secobarbital 2*. 8lthough the !enzodiazepines continue to !e the agents of choice for insomnia' they have: a) !he possibility of psychological and physiological dependence b) Synergistic depression of $NS with other drugs 2especially alcohol) c) Residual drowsiness and daytime sedation d) &ll of the above 21. Hypnotic !enzodiazepines can cause: a) & dose-dependent increase in both R74 and slow wave sleep b) %o not change sleep patterns c) & dose-dependent decrease in both R74 and slow wave sleep d) & dose-dependent increase in R74 sleep and decrease in slow wave sleep 22. Which one of the folloing hypnotic !enzodiazepines is more li2ely to cause re!ound insomnia? a) !ria"olam b) +lura"epam c) !ema"epam d) &ll of the above 23. The folloing hypnotic drugs hich is used intravenously as anesthetic is : a) !hiopental b) Phenobarbital c) +lura"epam d) #olpidem 24. The usual cause of death due to overdose of hypnotics: a) %epression of the medullar respiratory center b) 0ypothermia c) $erebral edema d) Status epilepticus 3 CNS Pharmacology Sedatives & Hypnotics 2". Which of the folloing statements is correct for zolpidem? a) $auses minor efects on sleep patterns b) It has a lower risk of development of tolerance 8 dependence than with the use of ben"odia"epines c) 0as minimal muscle relaing and anticonvulsant efects d) &ll of the above 2$. To9ic doses of hypnotics may cause a circulatory collapse as a result of: a 2 (locking alfa adrenergic receptors b) Increasing vagal tone c) &ction on the medullar vasomotor center d) &ll of the above 2&. Which of the folloing hypnotic drug !inds selectively to the /01 receptor su!type' facilitating :8/8ergic inhi!ition: a) !hiopental b) #olpidem c) +lura"epam d) Phenobarbital T 4 1 : 1. The folloing chemical agent,s- is;are used in the treatment of insomnia : a) 'pioids + b) Imida"opyridines ! c) (arbiturates ! d) (en"odia"epines ! 2. Which of these hypnotic drugs is;are !enzodiazepine derivative: a) #olpidem + b) +lura"epam ! c) %is"epam ! d) Phenobarbitone + 3. Which of these hypnotic drugs is a !ar!ituric acid derivative: a) +lura"epam + b) #aleplon + c) !hiopental ! d) phenobarbitone ! 56767/65 :# Hypnotic !ar!iturates are more poerful enzyme inducers than !enzodiazepines . 0olpidem and zaleplon have e<ectiveness similar to that of hypnotic !enzodiazepines in the management of sleep disorders. 4 8nser s : 19a 39b :9c ;9d /9c <9d =9d >9a ?9c 1@9a 119b 139a 1:9c 1;9b 1/9d 1<9d 1=9c 1>9b 1?9c 3@9d 319c 339a 3:9b 3;9d 3/9a 3<9a 3=9c T 4 1 : 19 + ! ! ! 39 + ! ! + CNS Pharmacology Sedatives & Hypnotics 1- (arbiturates A - $BP ;/@ Inhibitors 1- !hiopental 3- Phenobarbitone :- C99 ;- CC a- I9D in anesthesia b- $ommon for aniety c- C99 d- CC9 "