Consumer Behaviour and Customer Loyalty

Ques 1- What is Culture ?

Ans- Culture refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings,
hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects
and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group
striving. It consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behavior acquired and transmitted by
symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts;
the essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and especially their attached values; culture systems
may, on the one hand, be considered as products of action, on the other hand, as conditioning influences upon
further action.
Ques 2-Concept of Consumer and Customer.
Ans- A customer is someone who buys services or goods from someone else while a consumer is someone that
consumes a certain product or commodity. In the concept of Economics, a consumer can either be a single
person or an entire organization, that uses a certain type of service. Consumers can also be any form of
organism, that devours or eats something, as in the field of Science and Ecology. A consumer is someone who
actually consumes the goods and not just purchases it.A costumer is someone who buys the goods for more
commercial purposes.According to the 1986 Consumer Protections Act of India, a consumer can also be
somebody who uses goods and services for a living. In addition, the mere intent of buying goods makes you a
consumer, nonetheless.
Long Answer Type-
Ques 1- What do you mean by Consumer Behaviour ?
Ans- Consumers make many buying decisions every day. Most companies are interested to know what
consumers buy, where they buy, how and how much they buy, when they buy, and why they buy. But
learning about the consumer buying behavior is not easy task The central question for marketers is how
consumers respond to various marketing stimuli The company that understands how consumers will respond
to different product features, prices, and advertising appeals has a great advantage over its competitors. The
starting point is the stimulus-response model of buyer behavior This figure shows that marketing and other
stimuli enter the consumers black box and produce certain responses.Marketing stimuli consist of the four
Ps: product, price, place, and promotion. Other stimuli include major forces and events in the buyers
environment: economic, technological, political, and cultural. All these inputs enter the buyers black box,
where they are turned into a set of observable buyer responses: product choice, brand choice, dealer choice,
purchase timing, and purchase amount. The marketer wants to understand how the stimuli are changed into
responses inside the consumers black box, which has two parts. First, the buyers characteristics influence
how he or she perceives and reacts to the stimuli. Second, the buyers decision process itself affects the
buyers behaviour.
Consumer behaviour is the study of how individuals, groups and organizations select, buy and dispose of
goods, services, ideas or experiences to satisfy their needs and wants. Kotler 1994