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SAMPLE PAPER-05 (solved)
PHYSICS (Theory)
Class XI

ANSWER

1. What happens to surface tension when impurity is mixed in i!uid"
#ns$
If impurity is mixed in i!uid% the surface tension of the i!uid decreases.
&. Is it possi'e for the reati(e (eocity of two 'odies mo(in) in opposite direction to 'e )reater than
the a'soute (eocity of either"
#ns$
Yes. When two 'odies mo(e in opposite direction then the reati(e (eocity of each is )reater than
the indi(idua (eocities.
*. Comment$ +# 'ody at hi)her temperature contains more heat,.
#ns$
This is not aways true 'ecause heat content of a 'ody depends on mass of the 'ody% its specific
heat and temperature.
-. What is apparent wei)ht of the foatin) 'oc.% when a 'oc. of wood is foatin) in a a.e"
#ns$
The apparent wei)ht of the foatin) 'oc. is e!ua to /ero 'ecause the wei)ht of the 'oc. actin)
(erticay downwards is 'aanced 'y the 'uoyant force actin) on the 'oc. upwards.
0. 1i in the 'an.s$
c) 2 ms
3&
4 333333333333333 .mh
3&

d) 1 m 4 333333333333333333 i)ht year
#ns$
a) 5.552 x 16
-

') 1.62 x 16
312

2. If a 'uet of mass &6) is mo(in) with a speed of 106 m s
31
stri.es a tar)et and is 'rou)ht to rest
after piercin) 16 cm into it% then cacuate the a(era)e force of resistance offered 'y the tar)et.
#ns$
m 4 &6 ) 4 6.6& .)% u 4 106 m s
31
% ( 46 and s 4 16cm 4 6.1 m
#ccordin) to wor. 7 8.9. theorem
. 78: 4 W 4 1s



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2
2 2
1
mu 0 Fs
2
mu 0.02 x (150)
F = = = 2250N
2s 2 x 0.1
=

5. 1ind the time period of motion if a mass m is dropped in a tunne aon) the diameter of earth
from hei)ht h a'o(e the surface of earth. Is the motion simpe harmonic"
#ns$
When a 'a is dropped from a hei)ht h% it )ains (eocity due to )ra(ity pu. The 'ody wi enter
the tunne of earth with (eocity 2 v gh = after a time 2 / t h g = . The 'ody wi )o out of the
earth on the other side throu)h the same distance 'efore comin) 'ac. towards the earth. When
the 'ody is outside the earth% the restorin) force
2
( 1/ ) F r and not (3r) so the motion does not
remain SH;.
<. Cacuate the percenta)e of heat used for doin) wor.% if a steam en)ine inta.es steam at &66
6
C
and after doin) wor. exhausts it directy in air at 166
6
C. #ssume the en)ine to 'e idea en)ine.
#ns$
T1 4 &66
6
C 4 -5* 8 and T& 4 166
6
C 4 *5* 8
The efficiency of en)ine
1 2
1 1
473 373 100
0.21
473 473
T T W
Q T

| |
= = = = =
|
\

W 4 6.&1% =14 &1> o
Hence the en)ine wi con(ert &1> of heat used for doin) wor..
?r
Cacuate the temperature at which the root mean s!uare (eocity of nitro)en moecues wi 'e
e!ua to < .m s
31

#ns$
r.m.s (eocity C 4 < .m s
31
4 < x 16
0
cm s
31

;oar )as constant @ 4 <.*1 x 16
5
er) mo
31
8
31

;oecuar wei)ht of nitro)en ; 4&<
Aet T 'e the re!uired temperature

2
3 3 RT RT
C orC
M M
= =

2 5 2
7
MC 28 x (8 x10 )
T = K = 71881K
3R 3 x 8.31x10
=



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B. 1ind an expression for the wei)ht of a 'ody at the centre of the earth.
#ns$
The (aue of acceeration due to )ra(ity at a depth Cd: 'eow the surface of earth is )i(en 'y%

a
d
g = g 1 -
R
| |
|
\

#t the centre of earth d 4 @ and hence

centre
R
g = g 1 - = g(1 - 1) = 0
R
| |
|
\

Wei)ht of a 'ody at the centre of earth 4 m)centre 4 m x 6 which means that at the centre of earth a
'ody wi 'e wei)htess.
16. Di(e reasons$ +The sprin)s made of stee and not of copper,.
#ns$
# sprin) wi 'e 'etter one if a ar)e restorin) force is set up in it on 'ein) deformed% which in
turn depends upon the easticity of the materia of the sprin). Since the Youn):s moduus of
easticity of stee is more than that of copper% hence the stee is preferred in ma.in) the sprin)s.

11. 9xpain the foowin) w.r.t. associatin) it with (ector.
d) The en)th of a wire 'ent into a oop
e) # pane area
f) # sphere
#ns$
a) We cannot associate a (ector with the en)th of a wire 'ent into a oop. This is 'ecause the
en)th of the oop does not ha(e a definite direction.
b) We can associate a (ector with a pane area. Such (ector is caed area (ector and its direction
is represented 'y a norma drawn outward to the area.
c) The area of a sphere does not point in any definite direction. Howe(er we can associate a nu
(ector with the area of the sphere. We cannot associate a (ector with the (oume of a sphere.
1&. State whether the foowin) statement is true or fase with proper reason.
(i() The net acceeration of partice in circuar motion is aways aon) the radius of the circe
towards the centre.
(() The (eocity (ector of a partice at a point is aways aon) the tan)ent to the path of the
partice at that point.



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((i) The acceeration (ector of a partice in uniform circuar motion a(era)ed o(er one cyce is
a nu (ector.
#ns$
(i) 1ase% the net acceeration of a partice in circuar motion is aon) the radius of the circe
towards the centre ony in uniform circuar motion.
(ii) True% 'ecause whie ea(in) the circuar path% the partice mo(es tan)entiay to the
circuar path
(iii) True% the direction of acceeration (ector in a uniform circuar motion is directed towards
the centre of circuar path. It is constanty chan)in) with time. The resutant of a these
(ectors wi 'e a /ero (ector.
1*.
c) What is the coefficient of performance (E) of a Carnot refri)erator wor.in) 'etween *6
6
C and
6
6
C"
d) What woud 'e the .inetic ener)y of 1 ) of nitro)en )as at 55
6
C. Di(en @ 4 <.*1 F mo
31
8
31

#ns$
a)
T& 4 6
6
C 4 &5* 8
T1 4 *6
6
C 4 &5* G *6 4 *6* 8

2
1 2
T
T T
=

4
273 273
= =9.1
303-273 30


') ;ass of Hitro)en ; 4 &<
Temperature T 4 55 G &5* 7 *06 8
Das constant @ 4 <.*1 F mo
31
8
31
.
8.9. of 1) of nitro)en 4
3
2
RT
M

4
3x8.31x350
=155.8J
2x28

1-. # 'oc. with a mass of *.6 .) is suspended from an idea sprin) ha(in) ne)i)i'e mass and
stretches the sprin) 'y 6.& m



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(iii) What is the force constant of the sprin)
(i() What is the period of osciation of the 'oc. if it is pued down and reeased"
#ns$
(i) 1orce constant
F mg
k = =
l l

; 4 *.6 .) and eon)ation in en)th of sprin) 46.& m
1orce constant
-1
3.0x9.8
k = = 174Nm
0.2

(ii) Period of osciation
m 3
T = 2 = 2 x 3.14 = = 0.9s
k 147

10. # wire of en)th l and area of cross section # is stretched 'y the appication of a force. If the
Youn):s moduus is Y what is the wor. done per unit (oume"
?r
# sprin) 'aance reads 16 .) when a 'uc.et of water is suspended from it. 9xpain what wi 'e
the readin) o sprin) 'aance when
iii) #n ice cu'e of mass 1.0 .) is put into 'uc.et
i() #n iron piece of mass 5.< .) suspended 'y another strin) is immersed with haf of its
(oume inside the water in the 'uc.et. I@eati(e density of iron 45.<J
#ns$
The wire has en)th l% area of the corss3section # made of materia constant Y. et force 1 'e
appied and at any instance% x 'e the extension associated (x K A) where A is the maximum
extension. #t this incident
. AY x
F
l
= .
Since force is a (aria'e with x% wor. done to stretch wire is

L
o
W Fdx =

2
1
.
2
AY
W L
l
=

1
( )
2
YL L
W Al
l l
| || |
=
| |
\ \


1
2
W = x Loume x Stress x Strain
Therefore Wor. done per unit (oume 4
1
2
x Stress x Strain



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?r
i) @eadin) on 'aance 4 16 G1.0 4 1.0 8)
ii) Loume of Iron 4
3 3
3
7.8
10
7.8 10
M
m
P x

= =
;ass of water dispaced 4
3
3
10 1
10
2 2
x kg

=
@eadin) of 'aance 4 16 G6.0 4 16.0 .)
12. The acceeration due to )ra(ity on the surface of moon is 1.5 ms
3&
. What is the time period of a
simpe penduum on the moon if it time period is *.0 s on earth"
#ns$
?n earth T 4 *.0s% ) 4 B.< mMs
&

Nsin) 2
l
T
g
=
3.5 2
9.8
l
=
?n ;oon T: 4"% ): 41.5 mMs
&


' 2 2
' 1.7
' 9.8
3.5 1.7
l l
T
g
T
= =
=

T: 4 &-6 x *.0 4 <.- s
15. Oiscuss the effect of temperature on the (eocity of sound in )ases. State Hewton:s second aw of
;otion. ?n its 'asis deri(e the reation 'etween force and acceeration.

#ns$
Leocity of sound in )ases depends directy on the s!uare root of the a'soute
temperature. #ccordin) to Hewton:s second aw% force actin) on an o'Pect is the rate of chan)e of
its momentum

( ) dp m v u
F ma
dt t

= = =
1<. # partice starts SH; from the mean position. Its ampitude is # and its time period T. at one
time its speed is haf that of the maximum aped. What is this dispacement.
#ns$
In a SH; (eocity is )i(en 'y
2 2
v A x = where x is the dispacement from mean position.
Leocity at
3
2
A
x =

2 2
1
3 1
4 4 2
A
v A A A

= = =
Leocity at centra position 4
2 2
0 A A =



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Therefore Leocity at
3 1
2 2
A
=
1B. What is a thermostat" Qriefy expain its principe"
#ns$
It is a de(ice that heps in maintainin) a constant temperature. It consists of a 'i3metaic strip
which comprises of two thin strips of different materias weded to)ether aon) their en)ths. ?n
heatin)% this com'ination 'ends into an arc. It happens 'ecause 'rass has a hi)her coefficient of
expansion than in(ar.
&6. # i!uid drop of diameter - mm 'rea.s into 1666 dropets of e!ua si/e. Cacuate the resutant
chan)e in surface ener)y% the surface tension of the i!uid is 6.65 Hm
31
"

#ns$

1 3
0.07 , 2 10
2
D
Nm R x m

= = =
H 4 1666
Chan)e in surface ener)y
2 2
[ 4 4 ] W N r R = where r 4 @H
31M*


1 3/ 2 2 2
2 1/3
[ 4 4 ]
4 [ 1]
W N R R
W R N

=
=


3 2 1/3
22
0.07 4 (2 10 ) [(1000) 1]
7
W x x x x x

=

6
22
0.07 4 4 10 9
7
W x x x x x

=
W 4 *1.2< x 16
32
F
&1.
iii) When is the wor. done said to 'e /ero"
i() Di(e two exampes from daiy ife where accordin) to physics% wor. done is /ero.
#ns$
i) When the force appied F

or the dispacement s

or 'oth are /ero then wor. done

cos W Fs = is /ero. #so when an)e 'etween F

and s

is B6
6
%
0
cos cos 90 0 = =
therefore wor. done is /ero.
ii) # person carryin) a oad on his head and standin) at a pace. # 'ody mo(in) in a circe.
&&. # wood 'a of density is immersed in water of density to depth h and then reeased. 1ind
the hei)ht H a'o(e the surface of water upto which the 'a Pumps out of water.
#ns

Aet L 'e the (oume of the 'a. Wei)ht of the 'a 4 V g
Npward thrust on the 'a 4 V g
9ffecti(e upward thrust 4 V g V g
Npward acceeration
V g V g
a g
V


| |
= =
|
\




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Aet ( 'e the (eocity of 'a whie reachin) the surface of the water% after 'ein) reeased at
depth h in water.

2
2 2 v as x gh

| |
= =
|
\

1or the motion of 'a outside the water%
8inetic 9ner)y at the surface of water 4 Potentia 9ner)y at hei)ht H
2
1
2
mv mgH =

2
1
2
v
H h h
g


| | | |
= = =
| |
\ \

&*. Sara was afraid on )oin) anywhere 'y air. Qut% she coudn:t a(oid )oin) 'y an air. Her friend
Hema who .new her pro'em was with her. Inside the pane Hema saw that Sara was (ery !uiet
and feein) uncomforta'e. She tried to ta. to Sara 'ut she didn:t answer. #s the pane was a'out
to ta.e off% Hema started fi)htin) with Sara without any cause for di(ertin) her mind. Whie
fi)htin) Sara didn:t reai/e that pane had ta.en off and now she was in air. She fet (ery happy to
o(ercome her fear.
i() What (aues do you associate with Hema"
() #n aeropane ta.es off at an an)e of *6
6
to the hori/onta. If the component of its
(eocity aon) the hori/onta is &06 .mMh. what is the actua (eocity" 1ind aso the
(ertica component of (eocity.
(i) The 'ades of an aeropane propeer are rotatin) at the rate of 266 re(outions per
minute. Cacuate its an)uar (eocity"
#ns$
i) Hema is (ery understandin) and hepfu.
ii)
0
30 =
Hori/onta component
#x 4 &06 .mMh
#ctua (eocity # 4"
Lertica component #y 4"
cos
x
A A =
0
/ cos 250 / cos 30
x
A A = =
250 2 3 A x =
# 4 &<<.5 .mMh
sin
y
A A =
#y 4 &<<.5 x sin *6
6

1
288.7
2
y
A x =
#y 41--.*0 .mMh



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iii) Here ( 4 266 re(outionM minute
4
600
60
re(oution M minute
1
2
2 600 / 60
20 rad.s
v
x




=
=
=

&-. If a 'ody executin) inear SH; has a (eocity of * cm s
31
when its dispacement is - cm and a
(eocity of - cm s
31
when its dispacement is * cm% then
(c) 1ind the ampitude and period of the osciation
(d) Cacuate the tota ener)y of osciation if the mass of the 'ody is 06 )%
#ns$
(a) In SH; the (eocity L at a dispacement x is )i(en 'y
L 4 R(#
&
7 x
&
)
1M&

L
&
4 R
&
(#
&
7 x
&
)
L 4 * cm s
31
when x 4 - cm.
B 4 R
&
(#
&
7 12) 33333333333333333333333 (i)
L 4 - cm s
31
when x 4 * cm
12 4 R
&
(#
&
7 B) 33333333333333333333333 (ii)
Simutaneous soution of e!uations (i) and (ii)
#mpitude # 40m and #n)uar fre!uency R 4 1 rad s
31
Hence time period
2
T

= 4 &S seconds 4 2.&0 s

(') m 4 06 ) 4 06 x 16
3*
.)% # 4 0 cm 4 0 x 16
3&
m% R 4 1 d s
31

Tota ener)y 4 T m#
&
R
&

4 T x (06 x 16
3*
) x (0 x 16
3&
)
&
(1)
&

4 2.&0 x 16
30
F
?r
If a sonometer wire of en)th 116 cm is stretched with a tension T and fixed at its ends is di(ided
into three se)ments 'y pacin) two 'rid)es 'eow% then where the 'rid)es shoud 'e paced so
that the fundamenta fre!uencies of the se)ments are in the ratio 1$&$*"
#ns$
Aet A1% A& and A* 'e the en)th of the se)ments of wire #Q.



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A1 G A& G A* 4 116 cm 333333333333333333333333333 (i)
Aet n1% n& and n* 'e their respecti(e fundamenta fre!uencies
1
1
1
2
T
n
L m
=
2
2
1
2
T
n
L m
=
3
3
1
2
T
n
L m
=
Hence n1A1 4 n&A& 4 n*A* 3333333333333333333333333333333333333 (ii)
n1 $ n& $ n* 4 1 $ & $ *
n& 4 &n1 and n* 4 *n1 333333333333333333333333333333333 (iii)
1rom (ii) and (iii) we )et
A1 4 &A& 4 *A* 333333333333333333333333333333 (i()
Su'stitutin) (-) in (1) we )et

1 1 1
1 1
110
2 3
L L L + + =
A1 4 26 cm
A& 4 *6 cm and A* 4 &6 cm
Thus the 'rid)es shoud 'e paced at distance of 26 cm and B6 cm from #.



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&0. If a 'a of mass 166 ) is proPected (erticay upwards from the )round with a (eocity of -B mMs
and at the same time another identica 'a is dropped from a hei)ht of B< m to fa freey aon)
the same path as foowed 'y the first 'a% then after sometime the two 'as coide and stic.
to)ether and finay fa to)ether. 1ind the time of fi)ht of the masses.
#ns$

Aet the 'as coide at an instant t seconds after they start their respecti(e motion. Ceary the two
'as are at the same hei)ht a'o(e the )round at that instant.
The hei)ht of the first 'a after t seconds 4 -B t 7 T x B.<t
&
4 -.B t (16 7 t)
The hei)ht of the second 'a after t seconds 4 B<3 downward mo(ed in t seconds
4 B< 7 T x B.<t
&

4 -.B(&6 7 t
&
)
-.B t(1663 t) 4 -.B(&6 7 t
&
)
16t 7 t
&
4 &6 7 t
&

t 4 &s
The 'as are coidin) two seconds after the start of their motion. Their (eocities at that instant
are
1irst 'a$ (1 4 (-B 7 B.< x &) mMs
4 &B.- mMs directed upwards
Second 'a$ (& 4 (6 G B.< x &) mMs
4 1B.2 mMs directed downwards
If ( is the (eocity of the com'ined mass of the two 'as after they stic. to)ether foowin) their
coision% we ha(e 'y principe of conser(ation of momentum
&66 x ( 4 166 x &B.- 7 166 x 1B.2
( 4 -.B mMs



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The com'ined mass mo(es forward after coision with the (eocity of -*B mMs. its hei)ht a'o(e
the )round at this instant
(B< 7 T x B.< x &
&
)m 4 (B< 7 1B.2) m 4 5<.- m
How% to find the timeCt: ta.en 'y the com'ined mass of the two 'as to fa to )round%
Com'ined mass u 4 -.B mMs
s 4 35<.- m
a 4 3) 4 3 B.< ms
3&

35<.- 4 -.B t: G T (3B.<) t
&

t:
&
7 t: 7 12 4 6

1 1 64 1 8.06
'
2 2
t
+
= =
t: 4 -.0*& s
The com'ined mass thus ta.es -.0* s to fa to the )round. Since the 'as coided &s after they
started their motion% their tota time of fi)ht is (& G -.0*) s 4 2.0* s
?r
# )un .ept on a strai)ht hori/onta road to hit a car tra(ein) aon) the same road away from the
)un with a uniform speed of 5& .mMh. The car is at a distance of 066 m fr-om the )un when the
)un is fired at an an)e of -0
6
to the hori/onta. 1ind
(iii) The distance of the car from the )un when the she hits it
(i() The speed of proPection of the she from the )un

#ns$
The )un and the card are at ? and # at t46

Aet at t4t% the she and the car reach Q simutaneousy so that the she hits the car when it is at a
distance ?Q from the )un.



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Aet u 'e the speed of proPection of the she from the )un. Then the initia hori/onta component
of the (eocity of the she 4 u cos -0
6
4
2
u
and the initia (ertica component of the (eocity of
the she 4 u sin -0
6
4
2
u

Time of fi)ht of the she 4
2( / 2
2( / )
u
u g
g
=
The car ta.es this time to co(er the distance #Q whie the she co(ers the distance ?Q in this time
?Q 4 ?# G #Q 4 066 G #Q
?Q 4
2
2
.
2
u u u
g g
=
#Q 4 20x 2 20 2
u u
g g
| |
=
|
\


2
500 20 2
u u
g g
= +

2
20 2 4900 0 u u =

1
20 2 400 x 4+4 x 4900
=
2
u ms

1
(10 2 5300) u ms

=

1
10 2 53 u ms

(
=


[ ]
1 1
10 1.414 7.280 86.94 u ms ms

= + =
This is the speed of proPection of the she from the )un. The distance of the car from the )un
when the she hits it is ?Q where

( )
2
2
86.94
771.3
9.8
u
OB m m
g
= = =
&2. #n o'Pect starts from rest and co(ers tota distance U in the 'eow manner$
It first has uniform acceeration a1 from some time t1 mo(es with the speed ac!uired at the end of
t1 for some distance and is then )i(en a uniform retardation a& so that it is a)ain at rest at the end
of the Pourney. 9xpain that the Pourney is co(ered in east time if this 'ody is acceerated



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1or a time
1
2
2
1 1 2
2
( )
Xa
a a a
(
(
+

and this minimum time is
1
2
1 2
1 1
2x
a a
( | |
+
( |
\


#ns$
Aet x1 'e the distance tra(eed 'y the o'Pect in t1 second then (% the speed ac!uired after
tra(ein) distance x1. ( 4 a1t1 3333333333333333333333333 (i)
&a1t1 4 (
&
7 6
&
4 (
&

x1 4 (
&
M&a1 333333333333333333333333333 (ii)
et x& and x* are distance tra(eed in the second and third e) of the Pourney of the partice
extendin) o(er the time t& and t*.
x& 4 (t& 333333333333333333333333333 (iii)
3&a&x* 4 6
&
7 (
&
4 3(
&
333333333333333333333333333 (i()
6 4 ( 7 a& t*
L 4 a&t* 33333333333333333333333333333333333333333 (()
The tota time t of the Pourney%

2
1 2 3
1 2
x v v
t t t t
a v a
= + + = + + 3333333333333333333 ((i)

2 2
1 2 3 2
1 2
2 2
v v
X x x x x
a a
= + + = + +

2
2
1 2
1 1
2
v
x X
a a
| |
= +
|
\
333333333333333333333 ((ii)
1rom the e!uation ((i) and ((ii)

1 1 2 2
1 1
2
v X v v
t
a v a a a
| |
= + + +
|
\


1 2
1 1
2
X v
t
v a a
| |
= + +
|
\
333333333333333333333333333 ((iii)
Nsin) e!uation ((iii) and (i)

1 1
1 1 1 2
1 1
2
a t X
t
a t a a
| |
= + +
|
\
333333333333333333333333333 (ix)

1or a particuar (aue of U% t is east



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1
0
dt
dt
= 3333333333333333333333333333 (x)
Oifferentiatin) e!uation (ix) we )et

1
2
1 1 1 1 2
1 1
0
2
a dt X
dt a t a a
| |
= + + =
|
\


( )
1 1 2
2
1 1 1 2
2
a a a
X
a t a a
+
=

1
2
2
1
1 1 2
.2
( )
X a
t
a a a
(
=
(
+


Correspondin) to these (aues of t1 we )et

1
2
1 2
1 1
2 t X
a a
( | |
= +
( |
\

?r
1rom the top of the tower 102.< m hi)h a proPectie is thrown up with (eocity of *B.& ms
31
%
ma.in) an an)e *6
6
with hori/onta direction. 1ind the distance from the foot of tower where it
stri.es the )round and the time ta.en 'y it .
#ns$


The hei)ht of the tower ?Q 4 102.< mV u 4*B.& mMs V 4*6
6

Component of the (eocity aon) ?U 4 u cos 4 *B.& cos *6
6
4 **.B-5 ms
31

Component of the (eocity aon) ?Y 4 u sin 4 *B.& sin *6
6
4 1B.2 ms
31

Aet Ct: 'e the tota time of fi)ht. Since the (ertica downward direction ?Q is the positi(e direction
of y axis. Ta.in) motion of a proPectie from ? to O aon) Y axis
y6 4 6% y 4102.< m
uy 4 3 u sin *6
6
4 31B.2 mMs



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Portal for CBSE Notes, est Papers, Sample Papers, ips and ric!s
ay 4 B.< mMs
&
% t 4 t
y 4 y6 G uy t G T ayt
&

102.< 4 6 G (31B.2) t G T x B.< x t
&

102.< 4 31B.2t G -.B t
&

-.Bt
&
7 1B.2t 7 102.< 46
t
&
7 -t 7 *& 46
t
&
7 <t G -t 7 *& 46
t (t3<) G -(t3<) 46
(t G-)(t3<) 46
t 4 3- or <
t 4 3- s is not possi'e
t 4<s
Oistance from the foot of tower where it stri.es the )round%
QO 4 u cos *6
6
x t 4 *6.B-5 x <
4 &51.05 m