Physics 30 Lessons 1 to 36 Review

Kinematics
1. A car travels 150.0 km in 3.0 h. What is its average speed? (50 km/h)
2. A runner with a speed ! 5.5 m/s cvers a distance ! "5.0 m during a practice race. #w
lng des she take? (15 s)
3. A vehicle travels 1.5 $ 10
2
m in %.5 s& then 2.0 $ 10
2
m in a !urther 5.0 s. What is the
vehicle's speed during each part ! the (urne)? What is its average speed?
(20 m/s& *0 m/s& 2" m/s)
*. An electrn accelerates in a straight line !rm *.0 $ 10
+
m/s t +.5 $ 10
+
m/s in 1.* $ 10
,2
s.
What is its acceleratin? (1." $ 10
"
m/s
2
)
5. A -us was seen t mve with a velcit) ! 15.0 km/h nrth. 3.0 minutes later it was
mving with a velcit) ! 10.0 km/h suth. What was its average acceleratin?
(".3 km/h/min suth))
+. A (et car starting at ".0 m/s accelerates uni!rml) at *.0 m/s
2
!r %.5 s. .ind the car/s !inal
speed and the distance it cvers. (3" m/s& 1.% $ 10
2
m)
%. A 0apanese -ullet train is -served t mve thrugh 1.5 $ 10
2
m in 5.0 s as it accelerates at
".0 m/s
2
. .ind the train/s initial and !inal speeds. (10 m/s& 50 m/s)
". A car accelerated !rm rest at a rate ! 2.5 m/s
2
. #w lng will it take t reach a speed !
15.0 m/s? (+.0 s)
1. .ind the acceleratin ! a crate riginall) at rest& i! it cvers 3* m in %.2 s. (1.3 m/s
2
)
10. A mtrc)cle initiall) travelling at 15.0 m/s cmes t rest in 5.0 s. What is its deceleratin
and hw !ar des it travel during deceleratin? (,3.0 m/s
2
& 3" m)
11. A plane taking !! n the runwa) ! an airprt accelerates at 3.5 m/s
2
!rm rest !r %.5 s.
2etermine3
i. the plane/s speed a!ter %.5 s. (2+ m/s)
ii. its average speed. (13 m/s)
iii. the distance it travelled in %.5 s. (1" m)
12. 4! a -$ takes 15.0 s t !all !rm a cli!! tp t the grund -elw& hw tall is the cli!!? (1.1 $
10
3
m)
13. 4! a -all is drpped !rm rest& !ind its speed a!ter 1+.0 s. (15% m/s)
1
1*. #w lng wuld a -rick take t !all !rm a height ! %" m n the mn where the
gravitatinal acceleratin is 1.% m/s
2
? (1.+ s)
15. A -) threw a metal -all straight dwn !rm an apartment -lck windw with an initial
speed ! 1*.0 m/s. What was its speed (ust -e!re it struck the grund *.2 s later? (55 m/s)
1+. An arrw is !ired up int the air with an initial speed ! 15.0 m/s.
i. #w lng des it take t reach ma$imum height? (1.+" s)
ii. #w high des it rise? (*+0 m)
iii. #w lng des it take t return t the grund? (11.* s)
1%. 4! a pr(ectile is !ired verticall) int the air and attains a ma$imum height ! 1.0 $ 10
3
m&
what is its speed ! pr(ectin? #w lng will it take t rise? (1*0 m/s& 1*.2 s)
Kinematicsgraphing
1. 5ketch a displacement6time graph shwing
a) cnstant psitive velcit).
-) 7er velcit).
c) cnstant negative velcit).
d) cnstant psitive acceleratin !rm rest.
e) cnstant negative acceleratin !rm rest.
!) the mtin ! an -(ect thrwn upwards with a high initial velcit) t the time where
the -(ect cmes -ack t the grund.
2. 5ketch the velcit)6time graph shwing
a) cnstant psitive velcit).
-) cnstant negative velcit).
c) cnstant psitive acceleratin !rm rest.
d) cnstant negative acceleratin !rm rest.
e) the mtin descri-ed in part !) ! 8uestin 1. What is the slpe ! this graph n
9arth?
3. What ph)sical 8uantit) is represented -)
a) the slpe ! a psitin,time graph?
-) the slpe ! a velcit),time graph?
c) the area under a velcit),time graph?
d) the area under an acceleratin,time graph?
2
Projectiles
1. A pr(ectile is !ired hri7ntall) !rm the tp ! a cli!! with an initial speed ! 3.0 $ 10
2
m/s
and strikes the grund -elw a!ter 1.* s. #w high is the cli!!? What is the pr(ectile/s
range? (*.3$10
2
m& 2."$10
3
m)
2. 5anta :laus entered the ;rth <le Annual 9l! =hrwing :mpetitin. #e !ired his el!
with a hri7ntal speed ! 25 m/s !rm the tp ! an ice-erg ! height 110 m. What was the
el!/s range and time ! !light? (1.2 $ 10
2
m)
3. A steeplechase runner must (ump !rm the tp ! a 2.0 m high hillck and dear a water,
!illed ditch -elw which 4s 3.0 m wide. 4! she (umps !! the !ence hri7ntall)& at what
speed must she leave the !ence? (*.%m/s)
Vectors
1. Which ! the !llwing 8uantities are vectrs?
distance time velcit) temperature
vlume speed displacement pressure
!rce energ) densit) acceleratin
intensit) area
2. A truck travelled 30. 0 km >;? then *0.0 km >9?. What was the car/s !inal displacement
!rm its starting psitin? (50.0 km at 53.0@ east ! nrth)
3. A mtr c)cle was ridden 30. 0 km >W0 and then *0.0 km >5?. 4t was then driven +0.0 km
>9l. .ind its resultant displacement. (50.0 km at 53@ suth ! east)
*. A rwer intends t rw his ra!t at its tp speed ! 1.5 m/s !rm the suth -ank ! a river t
a pint directl) ppsite n the nrth -ank. #e !ails t recgnise the river current which
pulls a 0g west at 0.50 m/s& What is the ra!t/s resultant velcit) with respect t the -ank?
(1.+ m/s at 1"@ west ! nrth)
5. A 0.50 km wide east,west river has a water current ! 1.2 m/s. A small -at leaves the
nrth -ank with an intended velcit) ! 1." m/s >5?.
4. What is the velcit) ! the -at relative t the river? (1." m/s suth)
44. What is the -at/s velcit) relative t the -ank? (2.2 m/s at 3*@ west ! suth)
444. #w lng will the -at take t crss the river? (2." $ 10
2
s)
4A. #w !ar dwnstream !rm its intended arrival pint will it tuch the ppsite -ank?
(3.3 $ 10
2
m)
+. A pilt intended t !l) his plane with a velcit) ! *.0 $ 10
2
km/h >;? relative t the
grund. #e was unaware ! the strng easterl) wind that -lew with a grund speed ! 1.0 $
10
2
km/h. What is the plane/s velcit) relative t the grund. (*.1 $ 10
2
km/h at 1*@ west
! nrth)
3
%. =hree !rces act at a single pint. =w ! the !rces are 31 ; 5uthwest and *5 ; nrth.
What is the value ! the third !rce that creates e8uili-rium? (%.33;)
Newton's laws o motion
1. An -(ect is acted upn -) an applied !rce ! 10.0 ; against a !rictinal !rce ! 2.0 ;.
:alculate the net !rce n it. (".0 ;)
2. A scu-a diver pushes hersel! thrugh the water with a net !rce ! 11.0 ;. 4! her applied
!rce is 2+.0 ;& !ind the !rictinal !rce ! the water n her. (%.00 ;)
3. 4! the ce!!icient ! !rictin ! a hri7ntal sur!ace is 0.30 and an -(ect ! mass *.1 kg
mves n it at a stead) speed. What is the !rictinal !rce n it? (1* ;)
*. 4! there is a resistive !rce ! 15.0 ; n an -(ect when a 25.0 ; !rce is applied. .ind the
net !rce n the -(ect. (10.0 ;)
5. :alculate the acceleratin ! a 3.1 kg skate-ard acted n -) a net !rce ! *.0 ;.
(1.0 m/s
2
)
+. What is the acceleratin ! a 3.2 $ 10
2
kg -lck su-(ect t an un-alanced !rce ! 1* ;?
(0.21 m/s
2
)
%. What is the un-alanced !rce re8uired t cause an acceleratin ! ".2 m/s
2
in a sack !
!lur ! mass 5.1 kg? (*2 ;)
". A crate ! mass 25.0 kg is mved alng a level !lr -) an applied !rce ! 1.5 $ 10
2
;
against a !rictinal !rce ! 50.0 ;. 2etermine the acceleratin ! the crate. (*.0 m/s
2
)
1. 4! a trlle) ! mass 5.00 kg is accelerated at 3.50 m/s
2
against a !rictinal !rce ! 10.0 ;&
determine the applied !rce. (2%.5 ;)
10. A -us ! mass *.5 $ 10
*
kg is su-(ected t a !rce ! 3.* $ 10
*
; and accelerates at a rate !
0.+% m/s
2
. :alculate the resistive !rce n the -us. (3.1 $ 10
3
;)
11. A -all is seen t accelerate !rm 2.5 m/s t +.0 m/s in 1.1 s. 4! its mass is 0.+0 kg& !ind the
average net !rce n it. (1.1 ;)
12. A t) truck ! mass 0.25 kg is pushed !rm rest -) a !rce ! 5.0 ; against a !rictinal
!rce ! 3.0 ; !r a distance ! 3.0 m. What is the !inal speed ! the truck? #w lng des
the mtin take? (*" m/s& 0."% s)
13. =w wden -lcks A and B have respective masses ! 3.0 kg and *.0 kg and are
cnnected with an ine$tensi-le crd. 4! the -lcks are placed n a hri7ntal !rictinless
sur!ace and a !rce ! ".0 ; is applied t A& !ind the tensin in the cnnecting crd. (*.+ ;)
*
1*. A plane ! mass +.0 $ 1 0
5
kg travelling at 1.5 $ 10
2
m/s is accelerated t 2.0 $ 10
2
m/s in
10.0 s. 4! there is air resistance n the plane e8ual t 1.0 $ 10
+
;& determine
i. the acceleratin ! the plane (5.0 m/s
2
)
ii. the net !rce n the plane (3.0 $ 10
+
;)
iii. the applied !rce n the plane (*.0 $ 10
+
;)
15. A man ! mass +0.0 kg stands in an elevatr. .ind the !rce ! the elevatr n his !eet when
i. it mves upward at a stead) 2.0 m/s (5.1 $ 10
2
;)
ii. it mves dwnwards at a cnstant rate ! 1.5 m/s (5.1 $ 10
2
;)
iii. it mves upwards with a uni!rm acceleratin ! 2.0 m/s
2
. (%.1 $ 10
2
;)
iv. it mves dwnwards with a cnstant acceleratin ! 2.0 m/s
2
(*.% $ 10
2
;)
1+. ;ewtn/s 5ecnd Caw ! Dtin can -e stated in the e8uatin . E ma. =his law is ne !
three ver) imprtant laws ! mtin. #is !irst law& which was knwn t Falile& dealt with
-(ects that mve with uni!rm mtin.
i. What is uni!rm mtin?
ii. What is the acceleratin ! a -d) mving with uni!rm mtin?
iii. What is the net !rce n a -d) mving with uni!rm mtin?
iv. What d )u think ;ewtn said a-ut the !rces n a -d) that mves with
uni!rm mtin?
v. 5tate hw ;ewtn phrased his .irst Caw ! Dtin.
1%. =w hrses are pulling a -arge alng a canal. 9ach hrse e$erts a !rce ! 1.2 $ 10
3
; at
30@ t the !rward directin ! mtin -ut n ppsite sides ! the canal. 4! the -arge glides
in the water at a stead) speed& !ind the water resistance n the -arge. (2.1 $ 10
3
;)
1". An apple rests n a ta-le and its weight is de!ined as the actin !rce. What is the reactin
!rce?

!irc"lar motion an# $ravitation
1 . What is the e8uatin !r the speed ! an -(ect mving arund a circle ! radius (r) and
taking time (=)?
2. 2e!ine perid and !re8uenc) !r uni!rm circular mtin.

3. 4! an -(ect mves at a cnstant speed in a circle& it is still accelerating. Wh)?
*. What is the directin ! the velcit) vectr in uni!rm circular mtin?
5. What is the directin ! the acceleratin (and !rce) vectrs in uni!rm circular mtin?
+. A car travels arund " curved path that ha " radius ! 115 m at a cnstant speed ! 22 m/s.
What is the centripetal acceleratin ! the car? (2.5 m/s
2
)
5
%. An amusement park ride has " radius ! 2.5 m. 4! the time ! ne revlutin ! a rider is
0.%5 s& what is the speed ! the rider? (21 m/s)
". :alculate the (a) speed and (-) acceleratin ! a pint n the circum!erence ! a 33 1/3
phngraph recrd (Gemem-er thse? <r-a-l) ntH). =he diameter ! the recrd is 30.0
cm. (;te that 33 1/3 is the !re8uenc) ! the recrd in rpm.) (0.52 m/s& 1."3 m/s
2
)
1. An athlete whirls a 3." kg sht,put in a hri7ntal circle with a radius ! 0.10 m. 4! the
perid ! rtatin is 0.30 s.
a) What is the speed ! the sht,put when released? (11 m/s)
-) What is the centripetal !rce acting n the sht,put while it is rtated? (1500 ;)
c) #w !ar wuld the sht,put travel i! it is released 1.2 m a-ve the grund?
(1.3 m)
10. A 2%00 kg satellite r-its the 9arth at a distance ! 1"000 km !rm the 9arth/s centre at a
speed ! *%00 m/s. What is the !rce acting n the satellite? (3300 ;)
11. A 2.2 kg -(ect is whirled in a vertical circle whse radius is 1.0 m. 4! the time !r ne
revlutin is 0.1% s& what is the tensin in the string (assuming uni!rm circular mtin)3
a) at the tp ! the circle? (%0.% ;)
-) at the -ttm ! the circle? (11* ;)
12. A 2.0 kg mass is swung in a vertical circle ! radius 1.2 m using a crd that will -reak i! it
is su-(ected t a !rce greater than 252 ;. What is the ma$imum speed that this mass can
travel as it passes thrugh the -ttm ! the circle? (12 m/s)
13. #w !ast can a 1200 kg car rund an un-anked curve ! radius +2 m i! the ce!!icient !
!rictin -etween the tires and the rad is 0.**? (1+ m/s)
1*. A 125 kg car runds an un-anked curve at a speed ! 25 m/s. 4! the radius ! the curve is
%2 m& what is the minimum ce!!icient ! !rictin -etween the tires and the rad s that the
car des nt skid? (0."")
15. What are Iepler/s Caws?
1+. What are the tw wa)s in which the weight ! an -(ect can -e calculated?

1%. What is anther name !r acceleratin due t gravit) and hw can it -e calculated?
1". Fiven that the mass ! Aenus is *."3 $ 10
2*
kg and the mass ! 9arth 4s 5.1" $ 10
2*
kg& and
that the r-ital radius !r Aenus is 1.0" $ 10
11
m and !r 9arth is 1.*1 $ 10
11
m3
a. 2etermine the DAJ4DKD !rce ! gravitatinal attractin -etween Aenus and
9arth. (1.15 $ 10
1"
;)
-. 4! )u weigh **5 ; n 9arth& what will )u weigh n Aenus? =he radius ! Aenus i!
+.31 $ 10
+
m. (3+% ;)
+
c. 4! )u were placed n a line -etween 9arth and Aenus& at what pint measured !rm
9arth wuld )u e$perience e8ual gravitatinal !rce !rm each planet?
(2.1+ $ 10
10
m)
11. 4! )u weigh "10 ; n 9arth& what is the gravitatinal pull at a distance ! 11320 km
ABLA9 =#9 5KG.A:9 ! the 9arth? (55.+ ;)
20. 4! )u weigh ++% .5 ; n 9arth& what will )u weigh n a planet that has 5 times the mass
! 9arth -ut nl) twice the diameter ! the 9arth? ("3* ;)
21. What is the gravitatinal !ield strength n the sur!ace ! the mn i! the radius ! the mn
is 1.%+* $ 10
+
m and the mass ! the mn is %.3* $ 10
22
kg? (1.+2 ;/kg)
22. What is the gravitatinal !ield strength 1.2% $ 10
%
m a-ve the sur!ace ! the 9arth?
(1.01 ;/kg)
23. Ln the sur!ace ! planet J an -(ect has a weight ! +3.5 ; and a mass ! 22.5 kg. What is
the gravitatinal !ield strength n the sur!ace ! planet J? (2."2 ;/kg)
2*. At what distance a-ve the 9arth/s sur!ace is the gravitatinal !ield strength e8ual t
%.33 ;/kg? (1.01 $ 10
+
m)
25. What is the speed ! an arti!icial satellite ! mass +25 kg which is placed in an r-it
1.00 $ 10
+
m a-ve the sur!ace ! a planet with a mass ! 3.1" $ 10
23
kg and a radius ! 2.*3
$ 10
+
m? (2.*1 $ 10
3
m/s)
2+. An arti!icial satellite with a mass ! 5%2 kg 4s placed int a circular r-it arund the 9arth
which has a mass ! 5.1" $ 10
2*
kg. 4! the radius ! the r-it 4s 1.2 $ 10
%
m hw lng will it
take t make ne revlutin? (1.3 $ 10
*
s)
2%. What is meant -) the term ge,s)nchrnus?

%&'( )aves( *n# Light
1. What is meant -) the perid and !re8uenc) ! an -(ect that is vi-rating?
2. 2e!ine simple harmnic mtin.

3. What is meant -) the e8uili-rium psitin?
*. What is the di!!erence -etween displacement and amplitude?
5. What is #ke/s Caw?
+. 4! a pendulum has a perid ! 2.%5 minutes& what is its !re8uenc)? (0.00+ #7)

%
%. What is the perid ! a pendulum that has a 1ength ! 3.%5 m n 9arth? (3."" s)
". What is the length ! a pendulum that will swing "0 times in tw minutes n 9arth?
(0.5+ m)
1. Ln the planet M4#A=9<#N54:5O& a pendulum that is 1+ cm lng has a !re8uenc) !
0.+3% #7. What is the gravitatinal !ield strength ! the planet? (2.5+ ;/kg)
10. #w man) -unces will a spring make in * minutes when a 520 g mass is attached t it i!
it has a !rce cnstant ! 10 ;/m? (1+5.5)
11. A 50*0 g mass attached t a spring causes a stretch ! 2*.% cm. #w lng wuld it take !r
this spring with its attached mass t vi-rate 500 times? (*11 s)
12. 2e!ine& draw& and la-el a lngitudinal wave.

13. 2e!ine& draw& and la-el a transverse wave.
1*. What is the universal wave e8uatin?
15. What is the speed ! a vi-ratin that has a wavelength ! *.%5 m and a !re8uenc) ! 1 k#7?
(*.2" km/s)
1+. A series ! waves travels 15 m in *.5 minutes. 4! the waves arrive ever) 1/5
th
! a secnd&
what is the wavelength ! the waves? (0.0% m)

1%. =he wavelength ! range light is +30 nm. What is the perid ! the wave? (2.10 $ 10
,15
s)
1". 4! sund waves travel at 335 m/s& what is the wavelength ! sund that has a perid !
0.01 s? (3.35 m)
11. 1.5 waves -reak n a -each in 1.0 minute. What is the !re8uenc) ! these waves? (0.1+ #7)
20. What is the law ! re!lectin !r waves?

21. What is the re8uired relatinship !r di!!ractin ! a wave t -e apparent?
22. What is meant -) superpsitin?
23. What is cnstructive inter!erence and when des it ccur?
2*. What is the di!!erence -etween a nde and antinde?

25. What !actrs in!luence the s)mmetrical inter!erence pattern when a wave passes thrugh
tw slits?

"
2+. 2raw and la-el a re!ractin diagram !r a wave slwing dwn.
2%. 2raw and la-el a re!ractin diagram !r a wave underging ttal 4nternal re!lectin.
2". What are the tw main theries regarding the nature ! light?
21. A pin hle camera that is 1+.0 an lng prduces a %.5 cm tall image ! a 5.+ m tall -(ect.
What is the distance ! the pinhle camera t the -(ect? (11.1 m)
30. A 3 cm card is placed 25 cm in !rnt ! a light surce. 4! a 30 cm shadw is generated n
the wall -ehind the card& hw !ar is the card !rm the wall? (225 cm)
31. Fala$) JJ is lcated +.5 $ 10
22
km !rm 9arth. #w man) light,)ears awa) is the
ga1a$)? (+."% -illin light )ears)
32. 4! the rtating mirrr in Dichelsn/s mirrr e$periment rtates at "3.3 #7& hw !ar awa)
must the !i$ed mirrr -e lcated in rder t give a success!ul e$periment? (225 km)
33. 4! the !i$ed mirrr in an eight,sided Dichelsn/s mirrr e$periment is placed +5 km awa)
!rm the rtating mirrr& what is the !re8uenc) !r the rtating mirrr in rder t give a
success!ul e$periment? (2"" #7)
3*. What is the cmplete 5nell/s Caw !rmula?
35. When des ttal internal re!lectin ! light ccur?
3+. What is the inde$ ! re!ractin !r a li8uid in which the speed ! light is 1."5 $ 1 0
"
m/s?
(1.+2)
3%. A ra) ! light strikes glass (nE1.5) with an incident angle ! 50@. What is the re!racted
angle in the glass? (31@)

3". A prism -ends the light such that an incident angle ! 5*@ in air -ecmes a re!racted angle
! 30 in the glass. What is the speed ! light in the glass? (1."5 $ 10
"
m/s)
31. A su-stance has a critical angle ! 31 !r light travelling !rm it int air. What is the inde$
! re!ractin !r the su-stance? (1.51)
*0. Cight travels !rm diamnd int air. 4! the angle ! incidence is 30@& what is the angle !
re!ractin? (=4G)
*1. What is <issn/s -right spt and what is it caused -)?
*2. What is the di!!erence -etween the particle mdel/s and wave mdel/s descriptin ! the
re!ractin ! light?
1
*3. What e$periment prvided de!initive evidence that light is a wave?
**. Dnchrmatic light strikes a di!!ractin grating ! 0.25 mm spacing. =he light passes
thrugh the grating t prduce an inter!erence pattern n a screen 3 m awa). 4! 50 -right
lines are prduced ver a 30 cm space3
a) what is the wavelength ! the light? (500 nm)
-) what is the !re8uenc) ! the light? (+ $ 10
1*
#7)

*5. Ged light ! wavelength +** nm strikes a du-le slit apparatus with a separatin !
1.0 mm. 4! the -right -ands have a 0.5* mm width& what is the distance !rm the du-le silt
apparatus t the screen? (0.+* m)

*+. Freen light ! 530 nm strikes a du-le silt apparatus with a separatin ! 1.5 mm. 4! the
screen is lcated 2.5 m -ehind the du-le slit apparatus& hw man) -right lines per 20 cm
culd -e generated n the screen? (22+)
*%. #w man) lines per metre des a di!!ractin grating have ! the 2nd rder image ccurs at
an angle ! 1+ when light ! 530 nm wavelength is used? (3.*% $ 10
5
)
*". Dnchrmatic light with a !re8uenc) ! 5.50 $ 10
1*
#7 is directed nt a di!!ractin
grating ruled with +000 lines/m. What is the distance -etween the third -right line and the
!i!th dark line ! the inter!erence pattern !rmed n a screen 2.50 m !rm the grating?
(0.0123 m)
*1. A + cm -(ect is lcated 25 cm in !rnt ! a diverging mirrr with a radius ! curvature
e8ual t *0 cm. What is the si7e ! the image? ( P 2.+% cm )
50. A 30 cm -(ect is lcated 1+ cm in !rnt ! a cnverging mirrr with a !cal length ! 12
cm. What is the si7e ! the image? ( ,10 cm )
51. A 12 cm -(ect lcated in !rnt ! a curved mirrr generates an erect image 3+ cm tall
lcated +0 cm !rm the mirrr3
a. What is the radius ! curvature !r the mirrr? ( +0 cm )
-. What is the t)pe ! mirrr? ( cncave& cnverging )

52. An -(ect lcated in !rnt ! a diverging mirrr with a radius ! curvature e8ual t 20 cm
generates an erect image that is 1/5 the si7e ! the -(ect. What is the -(ect distance? (*0
cm)
53. A * cm tall -(ect is lcated 10 cm in !rnt ! a cncave lens with a !cal length ! 5 cm.
What is the si7e ! the image prduced? ( 1.33 cm )
5*. A 3 cm tall -(ect is lcated 15 cm in !rnt ! a cnve$ lens with a !cal length ! 5 cm.
What is the si7e ! the image prduced? ( ,1.5 cm )
10
55. A + cm -(ect lcated 15 cm in !rnt ! an ptical device generates an image 2 cm tall
which lcated n the same side as the -(ect.
a. What is the !cal length ! the device? ( ,%.5 cm )
-. What is the t)pe ! device? ( cncave lens )
5+. A lens with a !cal length ! * cm generates an inverted image which is 5 times as large as
the -(ect. What is the image distance? ( 2* cm )
5%. A lens with a !cal length ! 15 cm generates an erect image that is 1/* the si7e ! the
-(ect. What is the image distance? ( ,11.25 cm )
!onservation Laws +Lessons 3, to 36-
1. Write the cnservatin ! energ) e8uatin !r the !llwing. 5u-stitute the apprpriate
e8uatins.
a) a car ! mass m and initial speed v1 rlling t the -ttm ! a hill ! height h&
neglecting !rictin.
-) a charge 8 with mass m with initial speed v mving thrugh an accelerating vltage
A
c) a phtn ! wavelength hitting a statinar) electrn& scattering the phtn at / and
giving the electrn speed v.
d) !r the phtelectric e!!ect.
e) !r $,ra) prductin.
!) !r phtn emissin -) atms.
2. When wrk is dne -) a net !rce& what t)pe ! energ) is changed?
3. When wrk is dne -) a !rce such as !rictin& what t)pe ! energ) is changed?
*. A sail-at is mving with a cnstant velcit). (a) 4s wrk -eing dne -) the net !rce
acting n the -at? 9$plain. (-) Gecgni7ing that the wind prpels the -at !rward and the
water resists the -at/s mtin& what des )ur answer in part (a) impl) a-ut the wrk
dne -) the wind/s !rce cmpared t the wrk dne -) the water/s resistive !rce?
5. B) measuring the speed ! a -at at ne mment and cmparing it t the speed at anther
mment& ne can tell whether a net !rce has dne wrk n the -at. =his statement is
pssi-le -ecause ! the wrk,energ) therem. 5uppse the tw speeds are measured t -e
e$actl) the same& and the -at mves hri7ntall). 4s it sa!e t cnclude that n !rce has
acted n the -at? 9$plain& making sure t distinguish -etween the phrases On !rceO and
On net !rce.O
+. A persn pulls a t-ggan !r a distance ! 35.0 m alng the snw with a rpe directed
25.0@ a-ve the snw. =he tensin in the rpe is 1*.0 ;. (a) #w much wrk is dne n the
t-ggan -) the tensin !rce? (-) #w much wrk is dne i! the same tensin is directed
parallel t the snw? (2.1" k0& 3.21 k0)
%. When spring arrives& a wman packs her winter clthes in a -$ and li!ts it at a cnstant
velcit) t the tp shel! ! her clset& a distance ! 1." m a-ve the !lr. =he clthes
weigh 150 ;. #w much wrk des she d in li!ting the clthes? (0.2% k0)
11
". A 0.0%5 kg arrw is !ired hri7ntall). =he -w string e$erts an average !rce ! +5 ; n
the arrw ver a distance ! 0.10 m. With what speed des the arrw leave the -w? (31
m/s)
1. A %5.0 kg skier rides a 2"30 m lng li!t t the tp ! a muntain. =he li!t makes an angle !
1*.+@ with the hri7ntal. What is the change in the skier/s gravitatinal ptential energ)?
(0.525 D0)
10. A ple,vaulter appraches the take,!! pint at a speed ! 1.0 m/s. Assuming that nl) his
speed determines the height t which he can rise& !ind the ma$imum height at which the
vaulter can clear the -ar. (*.1 m)
11. A persn is sled,riding dwn a hill that is *.+ m high. 5tarting at the tp with a speed ! 3.1
m/s& the sled reaches the -ttm with a speed ! %.+ m/s. (a) 2etermine whether
mechanical energ) has -een cnserved. (-) Wh) might mechanical energ) nt -e
cnserved?
12. A wman runs with a speed ! 5.* m/s !! a plat!rm that is 10.0 m a-ve the water. 4gnre
air resistance. #w !ast is she mving when she hits the water? (15 m/s)
13. A c)clist appraches the -ttm ! a gradual hill at a speed ! 11.0 m/s. =he hill is 5.0 m
high& and the c)clist estimates that she is ging !ast enugh t cast up and ver it withut
peddling. 4gnring air resistance and !rictin& !ind the speed at which the c)clist crests the
hill. (*." m/s)
1*. A -asket-all pla)er makes a (ump sht. =he 0.+0 kg -all is released at a height ! 2.0 m
a-ve the !lr with a speed ! %.2 m/s. =he -all ges thrugh the hp 3.0 m a-ve the
!lr at a speed ! *.2 m/s. #w much wrk is dne -) air resistance? (,*.* 0)
15. A 3.00 $ 10
2
kg pian is -eing li!ted at a stead) speed !rm grund level straight up t an
apartment 10.0 m a-ve the grund. =he crane that is ding the li!ting prduces a stead)
pwer ! *.00 $ 10
2
W. #w much time des it take t li!t the pian? (%3.+ s)
'"ltiple !hoice Review ."estions
1. Quantities in ph)sics are generall) divided int
A. magnitude and scalar 8uantities.
B. d)namic and scalar 8uantities.
:. vectr and scalar 8uantities.
2. kinematic and scalar 8uantities.
2. A vectr is a 8uantit) that
A. is at rest.
B. has a magnitude& a unit& and a directin.
:. e$plains wh) -(ects are in mtin.
2. has nl) a magnitude and a unit.
12
3. A plane/s velcit) relative t the grund is !und -) adding the plane/s velcit) relative t
the air and
A. the velcit) ! the plane relative t the grund.
B. the velcit) ! the air relative t the plane.
:. the velcit) ! the air relative t the grund.
2. the velcit) ! the grund relative t the plane.
*. A -all is -eing swung in a hri7ntal circle in the clckwise directin. Which ! the
!llwing can -e said a-ut the velocity ! the -all?
A. =he velcit) ! the -all is increasing alng the circular path.
B. =he velcit) ! the -all is decreasing alng the circular path.
:. =he velcit) ! the -all is tangent t the circular path.
2. =he velcit) ! the -all is perpendicular t the circular path.
5. What is the directin ! acceleratin ! an -(ect mving in a circular path?
A. 4t is tangent t the circular path.
B. 4t is tward the center ! the circle.
:. 4t is awa) !rm the center ! the circle.
2. 4t is e8ual t the arc length !r small angles.
+. What des it mean !r a -d) t -e in !ree !all?
A. An) -d) !alling under the in!luence ! gravit) alne.
B. An) -d) !alling thrugh water.
:. An) -d) under the in!luence ! -th hri7ntal and vertical !rces.
2. =he !all ! a sk) diver a!ter his parachute pens .
%. What is the directin ! the acceleratin due t gravit)?
A. Ln& the cean !lr it is dwn while n muntain tps it is up.
B. 4t is alwa)s upward& awa) !rm the 9arth.
:. 4t is alwa)s dwnward tward the centre ! the 9arth.
2. Acceleratin due t gravit) is a scalar 8uantit) and has n directin.
". Which ne ! the !llwing statements is the de!initin ! amplitude !r a pendulum?
A. =he length ! string !rm the tp t the center ! mass.
B. =he amunt ! mass at the end ! the string.
:. =he time re8uired !r ne cmplete c)cle.
13
2. =he ma$imum sidewa)s displacement ! the mass !rm its rest psitin.
1. What is a !rce?
A. 4t is a push r a pull.
B. 4t speeds thing up& slws them dwn& and sends them arund crners and up hills.
:. 4ts is an agent that -(ects use t interact with ne anther.
2. All ! the a-ve.
10. Which ! the !llwing is true regarding gravitatinal !ield strength n 9arth?
A. 4t is the same ever)where.
B. 4t is greater n muntain tps.
:. 4t is weaker in valle)s.
2. 4t varies with distance !rm the 9arth/s center.
11. Wh was the !irst scientist t see the cnnectin -etween !alling -(ects& pr(ectiles& and
satellites in r-it?
A. Aristtle
B. Falile
:. ;ewtn
2. 9instein
12. #w des the gravitatinal !rce -etween tw -wling -alls change as the distance
-etween their centers is !irst reduced t ne hal! and then increased t three times the
riginal distance?
A. 4t !irst -ecmes !ur times as great and then ne,ninth as great.
B. 4t !irst -ecmes ne,!urth as great and then ne,ninth as great.
:. 4t !irst -ecmes !ur times as great and then ne,third as great.
2. 4t !irst -ecmes twice as great and then three times as great.

13. What is inertia?
A. =he amunt ! matter in an -(ect.
B. =he !rce ! gravit) n an -(ect.
:. =he amunt ! !rce acting n each kilgram ! mass.
2. =he tendenc) ! an -(ect t resist changes in its state ! mtin.
1*. Which ! the !llwing is a statement ! ;ewtn/s .irst Caw ! Dtin?
1*
A. 4! n un-alanced !rce acts n an -(ect& the -(ect accelerates in the directin ! the
single greatest !rce acting n the -(ect.
B. 4! n net !rce acts n an -(ect& the -(ect maintains its state ! mtin.
:. Acceleratin varies directl) with the un-alanced !rce.
2. .r ever) actin !rce& there e$ists a reactive !rce that is e8ual in magnitude -ut
ppsite in directin.
15. Which ! the !llwing is a statement ! ;ewtn/s 5ecnd Caw ! Dtin?
A. 4! an un-alanced !rce acts n an -(ect& the -(ect accelerates in the directin ! the
!rce.
B. 4! n net !rce acts n an -(ect& the -(ect maintains its state ! mtin.
:. .r ever) actin !rce& there e$ists a reactive !rce that is e8ual in magnitude -ut
ppsite in directin.
2. When n e$ternal& un-alanced !rce acts n an -(ect& its velcit) remains cnstant.
1+. Which ! the !llwing is a statement ! ;ewtn/s =hird Caw ! Dtin?
A. When n e$ternal& un-alanced !rce acts n an -(ect& its velcit) remains cnstant.
B. .r ever) actin !rce& there e$ists a reactive !rce that is e8ual in magnitude -ut
ppsite in directin.
:. 4! n net !rce acts n an -(ect& the -(ect maintains its state ! mtin.
2. 4! an un-alanced !rce acts n an -(ect& the -(ect accelerates in the directin ! the
!rce.
1%. #w is the acceleratin ! an -(ect related t the mass and the net !rce?
A. Acceleratin varies directl) with -th the un-alanced !rce and the mass.
B. Acceleratin varies inversel) with -th the un-alanced !rce and the mass.
:. Acceleratin varies directl) with the un-alanced !rce and inversel) with the mass.
2. Acceleratin varies inversel) with the un-alanced !rce and directl) with the mass.
1". A trans!er ! energ) in the !rm ! a peridic distur-ance thrugh a medium is called a
A. wave.
B. perid.
:. wavelength.
2. watt.
11. Lne cmplete vi-ratin ! a vi-rating -(ect is called a
A. series.
15
B. circuit.
:. c)cle.
2. re!ractin.
20. =he time re8uired !r ne cmplete scillatin ! a vi-rating -(ect is called
A. the !re8uenc).
B. the peridic rate.
:. the perid.
2. ne #ert7.
1+
21. =w -(ects vi-rate in simple& ne,dimensinal mtin at the same !re8uenc) and in
di!!erent directins at the same time. =hese -(ects are said t -e RRRRRRR with each ther.
A. in phase
B. ut ! phase
:. ut ! !re8uenc)
2. ut ! velcit)
22. =w pendulums ! the same length are released !rm the same relative psitins at the
same time. Lne wuld e$pect them t scillate RRRRRRRRRRRR with each ther.
A. in !re8uenc)
B. in perid
:. in phase
2. ut ! phase
23. <articles in a transverse wave vi-rate
A. at right angles t the directin ! travel ! the wave.
B. 1"0@ ut ! phase with the directin ! travel ! the wave.
:. at a supplementar) angle t the directin ! travel ! the wave.
2. parallel t the directin ! travel ! the wave.
2*. <articles in a lngitudinal wave vi-rate
A. at right angles t the directin ! travel ! the wave.
B. 1"0@ ut ! phase with the directin ! travel ! the wave.
:. at a supplementar) angle t the directin ! the wave.
2. parallel t the directin ! travel ! the wave.
25. Waves transmitted !rm a !aster t a slwer medium will
A. decrease in wavelength.
B. increase in wavelength.
:. decrease in !re8uenc).
2. increase in !re8uenc) and decrease in wavelength.
1%
2+. When using wave ra)s t descri-e wave re!lectin& the angle ! incidence and the angle !
re!lectin& are measured !rm
A. an imaginar) line perpendicular t the re!lecting sur!ace.
B. the nrma1 t a re!lecting -(ect.
:. an angle determined -) the !re8uenc) ! the wave.
2. Bth A and B are crrect.
2%. Which ! the !llwing is true regarding a -illiard -all and a !eather drpped !rm the
same height near the sur!ace ! the 9arth.
A. =he -illiard -a1l and the !eather will -th reach terminal velcit) and hit the grund
at the same mment.
B. =he) will accelerate and hit the grund at the same mment.
:. =he -illiard -all will hit the grund !irst.
2. =he !eather will cling t the -illiard -all and slw it dwn.
2". Which ! the !llwing is true regarding a -illiard -all and a !eather drpped !rm the
same height near the sur!ace ! the mn. Gecall that the mn des nt have an
atmsphere.
A. =he -illiard -a1l and the !eather will -th reach terminal ve1cit) and hit the grund
at the same mment.
B. =he) will accelerate and hit the grund at the same mment.
:. =he -illiard -all will hit the grund !irst.
2. =he !eather will cling t the -illiard -all and slw it dwn.
21. #w man) images will -e !rmed -) an -(ect p1aced -etween tw parallel mirrrs?
A. tw
B. !ur
:. si$teen
2. an in!inite num-er
30. =he image !rmed in a plane mirrr is
A. the same si7e as the -(ect& erect& and virtual.
B. the same si7e as the -(ect& erect& and real.
:. smaller than the -(ect& erect& and virtual.
2. smaller than the -(ect& inverted& and virtua1.
1"
31. A 5.0 cm high -(ect is placed
25.0 cm !rm a pint surce !
light. A 3+.0 cm high shadw
appears n a screen. What is the
distance& d& !rm the -(ect t the
screen?
A. %.20 cm
B. 32.2 cm
:. 155 cm
2. 1"0 cm
32. A light ra) re!lects !rm tw mirrrs in a department stre.
=he measure ! angle W is
A. 100@
B. 120@
:. 130@
2. 1*0@
33. =he idea that light is a transverse wave is supprted -) evidence that light
A. can -e plarised.
B. -ends tward the nrmal when slwing dwn.
:. -ends awa) !rm the nrmal when speeding up.
2. waves will inter!ere with each ther when passing thrugh tw narrw slits.
11
5.00 cm
-(ect
3+.0 cm
shadw
25.0 cm d
W 20

+0

3*. A plarising !ilter is set s that the light passing thrugh it has DAJ4DKD -rightness.
#w !ar must the !ilter -e rtated s the light passing thrugh it will -e ! D4;4DKD
-rightness?
A. 3+0

B. 1"0

:. 135

2. 10

35. =he speed ! light in a medium that has an inde$ ! re!ractin ! 1.20 is
A. 2.%" $ 10
"
m/s
B. 2.50 $ 10
"
m/s
:. *.00 $ 10
%
m/s
2. 3.+0 $ 10
%
m/s
3+. Cight travelling !rm ne medium int anther has an angle ! incidence ! 30.0@ and an
angle ! re!ractin ! +".5

. 4! the inde$ ! re!ractin ! the !irst medium is 1."+& then the

inde$ ! re!ractin ! the secnd medium wuld -e
A. 1."1
B. 1.30
:. 1.03
2. 1.00
3%. A c)an,clred !ilter will nl) pass green and -lue lightS a )ellw !ilter will nl) pass red&
)ellw and green light. 4! a c)an and a )ellw !ilter are placed in !rnt ! a white light
surce and the result is pr(ected nt a mvie screen& then the clr n the screen is
A. reddish,-lue.
B. white.
:. -lack.
2. green.
3". A -eam ! mnchrmatic light passes thrugh tw slits& prducing an inter!erence pattern.
4! the slit separatin is halved& the distance -etween ad(acent !ringes will -e
A. halved.
B. 8uadrupled.
:. du-led.
2. unchanged.
20
31. Dnchrmatic light passes thrugh tw narrw slits that are 2.0 $ 10
,+
m apart and is
pr(ected n a screen 1.0 m awa). 4! the light prduces a !irst,rder -right !ringe 2.0 $ 10
,1
m !rm the center ! the inter!erence pattern& the wavelength ! the light is
A. *.0 $ 10
,"
m
B. *.0 $ 10
,%
m
:. *.0 $ 10
,5
m
2. *.0 $ 10
,*
m
*0. Cight ging !rm air t glass at an angle ! *5@ t the nrmal will
A. decrease its speed and wavelength.
B. decrease its wavelength and !re8uenc).
:. increase its !re8uenc) and maintain its speed.
2. increase its wavelength and maintain its !re8uenc).
*1. 4n a du-le,slit e$periment& light passes thrugh tw slits that are 0.020 cm apart. =w
cnsecutive dark !ringes are !rmed 0.+0 cm apart when a screen is placed 3.0 m !rm the
slits. =he wavelength ! the light is
A. 1.0 $ 10
,%
m
B. 2.0 $ 10
,%
m
:. *.0 $ 10
,%
m
2. ".0 $ 10
,%
m
*2. 4t was thught that an ether was necessar) t e$plain
A. the :mptn e!!ect.
B. the high speed ! light.
:. the transverse nature ! light waves.
2. hw light waves culd travel thrugh the vacuum ! space.
*3. GTmer gathered data t measure the speed ! light -) -serving
A. lantern !lashes n distant hills.
B. the mvement ! 0upiter/s mns.
:. light radiated -) the sun.
2. light re!lected !rm an ctagnal mirrr.
21
'"ltiple choice answers
1. : 11. : 21. A 31. :
2. B 12. A 22. : 32. :
3. : 13. 2 23. A 33. A
*. : 1*. B 2*. 2 3*. 2
5. B 15. A 25. A 35. B
+. A 1+. B 2+. 2 3+. 2
%. : 1%. : 2%. : 3%. 2
". 2 1". A 2". B 3". :
1. 2 11. : 21. 2 31. B
10. 2 20. : 30. A *0. A
*1. :
*2. 2
*3. B
22