21 Big Profit Ideas For

Small Retail Investors

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21 Big Ideas

#1 - Listen to the Shoe Shine Boy
#2 - Invest In Small Caps Stocks
#3 - Look For Insider Trading
#4 - Buying REITS Below Their Net
Asset Value
#5 - Sell High Buy Low
#6 - Follow A Few Stocks You
Really Know Well
#7 - Look At Charts
#8 - Ignore The Media
#9 - Keep It Simple
#10 - Do Not Invest In Anything
You Do Not Know
#11 - Know Yourself
#12 - If Something Is Too Good To
Be True, It Probably Is
#13 - Choose Passive Investing If
You Do Not Have Time
#14 - Patience Is A Virtue
#15 Qualitative or Quantitative
Analysis
#16 - Understand the Power Of
Compounding Interest
#17 - Think Of Investing As A
Sport
#18 - Differentiate Price From
Value
#19 - Do Not Follow Gurus Blindly
#20 - Keep Your Biases In Check
#21 - Track Your Performance And
Measure Your Returns

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#1 - LISTEN TO THE SHOE SHINE BOY



In 1928 in New York City, or so the story goes, John D. Rockefeller was
having his shoes shined. The shoe shine boy, presumably not knowing
who Rockefeller was, started giving him stock tips. J.D. took his shoe
shine boys advice but not in the way youd expect.

He decided that if a shoe shine boy making a penny a shine was
giving stock tips it was time to get out of the market. He did and its
the reason his family was able to stave off the Depression, and
continued to be one of the richest in our history.

Who is your equivalent shoe shine boy? Is he the taxi driver? Is he your
colleague who has shown sudden interest in stocks like never before?

The first tip is about increasing your street smarts by surveying the
sentiments of the people around you. When many people are
optimistic about investing in stocks, it is probably time to get out.

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#2 INVEST IN SMALL CAPS STOCKS



Big cap stocks are the favourites of funds, institutions and many
investors. Due to high demand for big caps, there is a premium to pay
to own their shares. It is more worthwhile to invest in smaller caps
where they are often overlooked by investors, and thus, undervalued.
Many funds are not able to buy small cap stocks due to a few reasons
and we will only name two.

First, it is difficult for them to buy small cap because they have too
much money. Investing a portion of their funds would make them the
majority shareholder of the company. This is not something they would
want.

Second, fund managers want to keep their job, as Peter Lynch said, "If
IBM goes bad and you bought it, the clients and the bosses will ask:
Whats wrong with the damn IBM lately? But if La Quinta Motor Inns
goes bad, theyll ask: Whats wrong with you?" In other words, it is not
worthwhile for fund managers to risk their career on unknown stocks,
because like it or not, all stocks will come down in price someday. Since
you have nobody to answer to except yourself, buy small caps for
bigger gains. Of course, most small cap stocks are lousy in terms of
fundamentals and you will need to learn how to filter and invest in the
right ones.
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#3 - LOOK FOR INSIDER TRADING



Insiders of a company are the decision makers and senior management
personnels. They are normally the CEOs, directors, or substantial
shareholders etc. They are the ones who know best what's going on in
the company.

If these insiders know that their company's shares are undervalued or
there is a huge growth potential for the company, they are going to buy
their shares NOW while it's still cheap relatively. They know they will
profit handsomely when the share prices run up in the future.

So, if these insiders buy substantially, it usually indicates that they have
a lot of confidence in their stock.







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#4 - BUYING REITS BELOW THEIR NET ASSET VALUE



It is easier to evaluate assets than to evaluate earnings. Assets are what
the companies already have while earnings will fluctuate going forward.
However, not all assets are good assets. Assets like investment-grade
property and cash are good assets. Assets like machinery and inventory
are not good assets.

Of all the companies listed on the exchange, REITs have very good
assets because they hold investment-grade properties. One way to
evaluate their worth is to take the difference between their total assets
and total liabilities. The difference is known as Net Asset Value or NAV.
Then you divide the NAV by the number of shares to know how much
each share is worth.

Lastly, you compare the NAV per share to the share price. The REIT is
considered undervalued if the share price is less than the NAV per
share. Buying undervalued REITs is one of the easiest ways to make
money in the stock market.



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#5 - SELL HIGH BUY LOW



Most investors are very familiar with "buy low sell high", which work
very well if a stock is on an uptrend. We call it trading the long side of
the market. Trading "long", or buying, is when an investor buys a stock
with the hope of making a profit when the share price rises in value.

However, when stock prices are falling, most retail investors would just
stand aside, do nothing and wait for the next opportunity to long again.
Prices tend to fall a lot faster than they go up. You can make your profit
much faster if you are able to participate in a falling market.

This is where short-selling, or trading short, comes in and give you the
opportunity to profit in a falling market. It is the opposite of going long.
Instead you sell at higher price first and buy it back when it reaches a
lower price to earn a profit. Hence the term, "Sell high buy low"

For eg, you short-sell 1000 shares at $1.00 (value at $1,000), if the share
price drops to $0.60, you buy-back 1000 shares at this lower price
(value at $600). Your profit would be ($1,000 - $600) which is $400.

You are able to short-sell via CFDs or through Securities Borrowing and
Lending (SBL)

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#6 - FOLLOW A FEW STOCKS YOU REALLY KNOW
WELL

"It is easier to follow a few stocks well than it is to follow a well full of
stocks" ~ S.A Nelson

Too many investors try to analyse and track far too many different
stocks beyond they can handle and it can lead to information overload.
They feel that they need to understand as many companies as possible,
or else they will miss a good opportunity to buy a good stock.

Nowadays, because of Internet, you can get access to news extremely
fast and to keep up with the ever changing daily events becomes
almost impossible. By the time the news reach you, normally it's too
late already. Most retail investors like to follow companies' news and
react according to the news. Bad move. They tend to buy at the top, got
frightened when price falls and sell out at the bottom. Only to see price
rise again!

What you should really do is to just follow a few stocks... can be
between 5 to 10 stocks, whatever you are comfortable. Follow those
stocks you know well, have keen interest or have an advantage in. For
example, you could be working in the F&B industry and you have an in-
dept knowledge on how restaurants operate. You can follow stocks that
are in the F&B industry because you know them so well that you have
advantage over other people.

Learn a great deal about them, know them inside-out fundamentally,
sieve out the potential winners and wait for the right timing to buy the
stocks.


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#7 - LOOK AT CHARTS



After doing your research, you reckon that company ABC is
fundamentally sound and is a good stock to invest in. So when is a good
timing to buy? This is where looking at charts - commonly known as
Technical Analysis (TA) - can be useful.

The chart will show the stock's price over time and TA can help
investors anticipate what is "likely" to happen to prices in the near
future. Chart reading is about probability and does not result in
absolute prediction about the future.

However, it provides a useful tool for analysis. For example, a very
common TA chart pattern is called "double bottom". If the stock you are
interested in is showing such pattern, it may signal that price has
reached a bottom and may reverse soon.

In short, Fundamental Analysis tells you "what" to buy and Technical
Analysis tells you "when" to buy.





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#8 - IGNORE THE MEDIA



Whether it is newspapers, mainstream financial websites or TV, the
media's primarily goal is to capture the audience's attention and create
excitement. This is why if you follow the media long enough, you will
realize that they tend to exaggerate and take things out of context.

The markets don't drop or rise 1%, they "plunge" or "drop sharply" or
"soar", helping to create fear or greed in the process. By the time you
receive the information from the media, it is OLD news already.

Listening and reacting on the advice from the media is a recipe for
disaster. It will definitely throw you off from your initial investing
strategy. For example, because of a "bad news" from the media, you
sold away your stocks in fear when the fundamentals are still intact.
You need to have your own independent views and should not let the
media affects your emotions.








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#9 - KEEP IT SIMPLE



Albert Einstein said, "If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand
it well enough"

This quote is an excellent way to keep yourself in check. Can you
explain your investment to someone how it works, why you decide to
invest, or why is it a good investment? Would your partner find your
explanation convincing? If you struggle to explain, most likely it's too
complicated and you aren't aware of the potential risks.

Just look at those mortgage-backed securities (MBS), collateralized debt
obligations (CDO) and credit default swaps during the 2008 Global
Financial Crisis. They were complex investments that most people had
difficulty understanding them.

You don't need complex investments to generate good returns.
Sometimes the simplest ones (stocks, properties etc) are the best!




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#10 - DO NOT INVEST IN ANYTHING YOU DO NOT
KNOW



A friend excitedly came up to me with insisting that I buy into Australian
mining company Redfork immediately. I asked him when he knew
about investing in Australia, his insight on the mining industry Down
Under, and also his thoughts of the company's prospects.

It turns out that he was acting on a hot tip from another friend and had
no inkling whatsoever. His first purchase has already made him some
money and that is all that matters.

It was then that I realized. The difference between Investing and
Speculating is the level of knowledge. An Investor knows what he is
investing in. He knows about the industry, the product. He knows about
the company and the prospects. He knows about the asset class and
the peculiarities. He knows about the risk and reward, the upside and
the downside. He knows exactly how much his investment is worth, and
consequently when to buy more and when to sell. The Investor has
sound reasons for making every single investment.

Be an Investor. Operate in the know.


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#11 - KNOW YOURSELF



Remember the last time you bought a shoe without trying it on?
Probably not. Even though you have been buying shoes your whole life
and know your own shoe size better than anyone else, chances are like
me, you try on every single pair of shoes before buying. Because
nothing is more painful buying a pair of expensive shoes and then
realizing that it does not fit.

Now try and recall the last time you made an investment. Have you
ever paused for a moment and considered whether the investment is a
good fit for you, like the shoe, or is it going to cause pain and more than
a few blisters?

When it comes to investing, the majority of us take an 'outside-in'
approach. We see something with great potential and fantastic returns
and waste no time jumping into it. In fact it will be more beneficial to
approach investing from an 'inside-out' perspective.

Look inside ourselves to find out what are our strengths and
weaknesses lie, know our own risk appetite and our own emotional
strength, know our interest and our dislikes. Only then will we be able
to seek out the perfect investment for ourselves. Only then will the
shoe fit.
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#12 - IF SOMETHING IS TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE, IT
PROBABLY IS



If someone promises you super normal returns for a seemingly risk
free investment, would you do a double take? I would. Often I am
seduced, and sometimes I even considered parting with my money for
a shot at financial stardom. But over the years I have learnt to do a
double take on my double take and rationally examine every good deal
that comes along with a healthy dose of skeptism.

If that heritage building redevelopment project in faraway Europe deal
is really such a steal, if that plot of land on the other side of the earth
really has that amount of potential to be redeveloped into a township,
if there is really such great returns to be made, someone who is nearer
to the deal, more well informed than you and me and richer than all of
us combined would have jumped on it long ago.

Financial scammers are successful because they have one powerful
weapon against us that we willingly relinquish to them. They play on
our emotions; our greed and fear. Just because someone has made a
lot of money and has been made an example should only serve to put
us on our guard more. Unfortunately more often than not we choose to
be greedy when we see the spoils laid out and fearful that others will
get to it if we do not, and that often leads to the ultimate downfall.
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#13 - CHOOSE PASSIVE INVESTING IF YOU DO NOT
HAVE TIME

For the working class and small retail investors, investing has been
touted as the way out of the rat race and towards financial freedom.
The allure of multiple passive income streams drive people to plunge
headlong into the stock market.

However, many new Investors do not realize that a buy and hold
strategy for stocks is hardly "passive". Yes, an investor could pick up
stock tips and punt the market without much knowledge or
understanding of the fundamentals of the company. But to pursue a
sound and sustainable and successful stock picking strategy requires
much effort and time.

There are Annual Reports to peruse, analysts recommendations to take
into account, fundamentals of the company to consider and other
stocks to benchmark against. Market conditions and situations within
the industry change with time and one needs to remain in touch
always.

A typical day for the world's greatest value investor Warren Buffet
involves reading five different newspapers and stacks of reports and
trade journals. It is hard work, and passive would be the last word one
can use to describe this form of investing.

Fortunately for many of you who genuinely want to invest and grow
your money passively, there is a free lunch. Invest in an STI ETF. It has
returned 10% annually over the past decade, the charges are low and
most importantly, it is a totally hands off investment suitable for busy
people with no time to monitor their portfolio on a regular basis. Go for
it now!
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#14 - PATIENCE IS A VIRTUE



So you did your research, analysed the financial report and determined
that the stock is undervalued. You bought the stock, feeling that it is
going to be a winner for you. Now you are waiting in anticipation for
the price to rise.

A few months have passed but your stock price is not moving at all. You
begin to question yourself whether you made the right decision and
your patience is waning. Then there are bad news in the market, you
are shaken and you sold the stock. Sounds familiar?

Sometimes an undervalued stock can stay undervalued for a prolonged
period of time before analysts uncover the gem. Major advances
require time to complete. Your holding period should be in terms of
years, not months. The best investors understand the importance of
patience and it is one of the most difficult skills to learn as an investor.
Be patient!






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#15 QUALITATIVE OR QUATITATIVE ANALYSIS



Benjamin Graham mentioned that there are two ways to select stocks.
The first way is to conduct qualitative analysis on stocks. Usually, this
requires the investor to understand the business and be able to
evaluate factors that are not quantifiable. For example, the investor
need to assess the capability of the management and the trends of the
industry the company is in, and determine if the company is cheap at
current prices compared to its future value.

The second method is to use quantitative analysis, which emphasises
on the companys past and present financial performance. The investor
will usually make use of financial ratios such as Price-to-Earnings and
Price-to-Book to assess the companies, and invest in them if they are
selling below todays value. In this way, the investor does not need to
understand the business as detailed as the qualitative analyst.

Both analyses have their own merits and it is up to the investor to
decide which suits him better.




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#16 - UNDERSTAND THE POWER OF COMPOUNDING
INTEREST



The secret to wealth is the miracle of compound interest. Even a
seemingly modest return can generate great wealth if you give it
enough time. On the surface, compounding looks insignificant and even
boring. "So what if my investments give me a 6% returns annually. It's
so little", you may tell yourself.

In the short term, it doesn't make much difference. But in the long run,
the difference is huge!

For example, if 20 year old John makes a one-time investment of
$10,000, in an Index fund which generates an average of 8% return
annually, and if he never touches the money, the $10,000 will grow to
$320,000 by the time he retires! Compounding interest is more
powerful than you think!




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#17 - THINK OF INVESTING AS A SPORT



Can you beat Roger Federer at tennis? If not, what makes you think you
can waltz into the market place and expect to beat the professionals at
their own money game?

Many retail investors and traders see the markets as an easy and
accessible way to make money. Everyone thinks they can invest and
trade their way to financial freedom and great riches in the shortest
possible time. Seldom do people consider what they are up against.
The fact is, every retail investor is up against the very best in the
business.

Think of investing as a sport. As with all sporting endeavors, the harder
one trains, the better one would be. But if one is not prepared when
the bell is rung, one can only expect total decimation in the arena. By
training, we mean get yourself educated - read widely, attend courses
or seminars (can be free or paid), have a mentor and gain the necessary
experience.





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#18 - DIFFERENTIATE PRICE FROM VALUE



We all know what price is. To find the price of a stock one just needs to
get online and you have all these prices coming at you instantaneously.
Despite the speed at which they change, the price of a stock is absolute.
At any one time there can only be one price. It is absolute, it leaves no
room for interpretation and it requires no further processing.

On the other hand, the value of a stock is subjective. One can
determine the value of a company based on its net assets or a
projection of its earnings but even within these two pathways there are
many intricacies to grapple with. At any one time there can be many
interpretations of value, and hence any determination of value requires
additional processing and thought.

And precisely because it is so tough to determine value, that many
investors overlook or disregard the value part of the equation. Warren
buffet famously quotes - price is what you pay, value is what you get.
Learn to recognize value and you will never go wrong in the long run!


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#19 - DO NOT FOLLOW GURUS BLINDLY


At an Investment fair an elderly investor took Jim Rogers to task about
his stand on the China stock market. Rogers, he claims, was bullish on
Chinese stocks since many years ago, but instead of making meteoric
highs, the Shanghai Composite Index is now languishing at half of its
peak. The investor has taken Rogers' advice to buy into China but has
since cut his losses.
Rogers was visibly perplexed as he addressed the issue. He has bought
Chinese stocks four times over the years, but till date has never sold a
single Chinese stock, he explained. He bought them for his little
daughters and the time frame on this investment stretches for
decades. To him, sluggish performance of that market now is but a blip.
By adopting his stand on the market with no regards to the time frame,
the elderly investor painted himself into a hole and suffered losses as a
result.
In the same breathe, Jim Rogers urged all investors present not to
follow gurus blindly. Gurus can tell you what to buy and when, but
chances are they will not be around to tell you when to sell (or not sell).
Now that is a piece of advice worth following!
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#20 - KEEP YOUR BIASES IN CHECK

Our brains are constantly processing information and drawing
conclusions and based on the stimuli we are exposed to. The amount
of neuro activity is mind boggling. Over the years, we have learnt to
apply cognitive shortcuts and heuristics to information processing and
decision making. These shortcuts reduce the load on our brains and
make our lives less effortful.
Unfortunately these shortcuts lead to biases that cause "incorrect
thinking" at times. Experiments exposing participants to an initial
random number and then asking them to provide an estimate for
something else found that exposures to higher random numbers lead
to higher estimates. For no reason other than a random exposure,
participants become anchored. Psychology experiments have also
discovered that human beings are more prone to avoiding losses than
acquiring gains.
Understanding the anchoring effect brings us closer to the true value of
our investment. Understanding the loss aversion bias frames the way
we see profit and losses and allows us to make sounder investing
decisions.
We are guilty of being affected by these biases every single day.
Understand them and keeping them in check will make us better
investors!



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#21 - TRACK YOUR PERFORMANCE AND MEASURE
YOUR RETURNS


As an investor, you are essentially the manager of your investments.
You want to know what is working and what isn't. You want to know
how well your portfolio is performing. You want to benchmark it against
other possible options.
Unfortunately precious few retail investors actually know how well
exactly their investments are doing. Many choose to glorify their wins
and forget their painful losses. Others see it as too much of a bother
and disregard this important aspect.
As the old management adage goes, "You cannot manage what you
cannot measure". Start tracking your performance and make yourself a
better manager of your investments now!

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