A MANUAL FOR PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT

1. GENERAL :
The manual is intended to provide broad guidelines to the M.E. / M.Sc. / M.Tech. / M.C.A. / M.B.A. candidates in the
preparation of the project report. In general the project report shall report in an organised and scholarl! fashion an
account of original research "or# of the candidate leading to the discover! of ne" facts or techni$ues or correlation
of facts alread! #no"n %anal!tical e&periments hard"are oriented etc.'
2.NUMBER OF COPIES TO BE SUBMITTED :
M.B.A. : Students should submit five copies to the (ead of the )epartment concerned on or before the specified
date. The (ead of the )epartment should send %i' *ne cop! to the +onal Coordinator for on"ard transmission to the
,niversit!. %ii' *ne cop! to the )epartment librar! %iii' *ne cop! each to the internal and e&ternal e&aminer and %iv'
*ne cop! to the student concerned.
3.SIZE OF PROJECT REPORT :
The si-e of project report should not e&ceed .// pages of t!ped matter rec#oned from the first page of Chapter . to the
last page.
4. ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS OF PROJECT REPORT :
The se$uence in "hich the project report material should be arranged and bound should be as follo"s 0
.. Title page
1. Bonafide Certificate
2. Abstract
3. Ac#no"ledgement
4. Table of Contents
5. 6ist of Tables
7. 6ist of 8igures
9. 6ist of S!mbols Abbreviations or :omenclature %*ptional'
;. Chapters
./. Appendices
... <eferences
The Tables and 8igures shall be introduced in the appropriate places.
5. PAGE DIMENSIONS AND MARGIN :
The dimensions of the final bound copies of the project report should be 1;/mm & 1/4mm. Standard A3 si-e %1;7mm
& 1./mm' paper ma! be used for preparing the copies.
The final five copies of the project report %at the time of submission' should have the follo"ing page margins 0
Top edge 0 2/ to 24 mm
Bottom edge 0 14 to 2/ mm
6eft side 0 24 to 3/ mm
<ight side 0 1/ to 14 mm
The project report should be prepared on good $ualit! "hite paper preferabl! not lo"er than 9/ gms /S$. Meter.
6. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION :
The headings of all items 1 to .. listed section 3 should be t!ped in capital letters "ithout punctuation and centred
4/mm belo" the top of the page. The te&t should commence 3 spaces belo" this heading. The page numbering for
all items . to 9 should be done using lo"er case <oman numerals and the pages thereafter should be numbered using
Arabic numerals.
5.1 Bona!"# C#$%!!&a%# = ,sing double spacing for t!ping the Bonafide Certificate should be in this format 0 SEE
APPENDI' 1
5.2. A()%$a&% = Abstract should be an essa! t!pe of narrative not e&ceeding 5// "ords outlining the problem the
methodolog! used for tac#ling it and a summar! of the findings.
5.3. A&*no+,#"-#.#n% = It should be brief and should not e&ceed one page "hen t!ped double spacing.
5.4. Ta(,# o &on%#n%) = The table of contents should list all material follo"ing it as "ell as an! material "hich precedes
it. The title page bonafide Certificate and ac#no"ledgement "ill not find a place among the items listed in the table
of contents but the page numbers of "hich are in lo"er case <oman letters. *ne and a half spacing should be adopted
for t!ping the matter under this head.
.
5.5. L!)% o Ta(,#) = The list should use e&actl! the same captions as the! appear above the tables in the te&t. *ne and a
half spacing should be adopted for t!ping the matter under this head.
5.7. L!)% o F!-/$#) = The list should use e&actl! the same captions as the! appear belo" the figures in the te&t. *ne and a
half spacing should be adopted for t!ping the matter under this head.
5.9. L!)% o S0.(o,)1 A(($#2!a%!on) an" No.an&,a%/$# = *ne and a half spacing should be adopted for t!ping the
matter under this head. Standard s!mbols abbreviations etc. should be used.
5.;. C3a4%#$) = The chapters ma! be broadl! divided into 2 parts %i' Introductor! chapter %ii' Chapters developing the
main theme of the project report %iii' <esults )iscussion and Conclusion.
The main te&t "ill be divided into several chapters and each chapter ma! be further divided into several divisions and
sub>division.
Each chapter should be given an appropriate title.
Tables and figures in a chapter should be placed in the immediate vicinit! of the reference "here the! are cited.
8ootnotes should be used sparingl!. The! should be t!ped single space and placed directl! underneath in the ver!
same page "hich refers to the material the! annotate.
5../. A44#n"!&#) = Appendices are provided to give supplementar! information "hich if included in the main te&t ma!
serve as a distraction and cloud the central theme under discussion.
Appendices should be numbered using Arabic numerals e.g. Appendi& . Appendi& 1 etc.
Appendices Tables and <eferences appearing in appendices should be numbered and referred to at appropriate
places just as in the case of chapters.
5.... L!)% o R##$#n&#) = An! "or# of other researcher is used either directl! or indirectl! the origin of the material thus
referred to at appropriate places in the project report should be indicated. A paper a monograph or a boo# ma! be
designated b! the name of the first author follo"ed b! the !ear of publication placed inside brac#ets at the
appropriate places in the project report should be indicated. A paper a monograph or a boo# ma! be designated b! the
name of the first author follo"ed b! the !ear of publication placed inside brac#ets at the appropriate place of
reference. The citation ma! assume an! one of the follo"ing forms.
E5a.4,#) o &!%a%!on
%i' An improved algorithm has been adopted in literature %Ts!chi!a .;9/'
%ii' ?an#ins and @alts %.;59' have dealt at length this principle.
%iii' The problems of mechanical manupulators has been studied b! Shin et al %.;93' and certain limitations of the
method used has been pointed out b! Shin et al %.;93 a'.
The listed should be t!ped 3 space belo" the heading A<E8E<E:CESB in alphabetical order in single spacing
left>justified. The reference material should be listed in the alphabetical order of the first author. The name of the
author/authors should be immediatel! follo"ed b! the !ear and other details. A t!pical illustrative list given belo"
relates to the citation e&amples $uoted above.
REFERENCES
.. Ariponnammal S. and :atarajan S. %.;;3' CTransport Dhonomena of Sm Se .>& As&E Dramana = ?ournal of Dh!sics
Fol. 31 :o.4 pp.31.>314
1. Barnard <.@. and Gellogg C. %.;9/' CApplications of Convolution operators to Droblems in univalent function
theor!. Michigan Mach. ?. Fol 17 pp 9.>;3
2. ?an#ins H.M. and @alts ).H. %.;59' Spectral Anal!sis and its ApplicationsE (older )a! Sanfrancisco.
3. Shin G.H. and Mc#a! :.). %.;93' C*pen loop minimum time control of mechanical
manupulations and its applicationsE Droc. Amer. Contr. Conf. San )iego CA pp. .12.>.125.
5..1. Ta(,#) an" F!-/$#) = B! the "ord Table is meant tabulated data in the bod! of the project report as "ell as in the
appendices. All other material used in the bod! of the project report and appendices such as charts graphs maps
photographs and diagrams ma! be designated as figures.
A table or figure including caption should be accommodated "ithin the prescribed margin limits and appear on the
page follo"ing the page "here their first reference is made.
Tables and figures on half page or less in length ma! appear on the same page along "ith the te&t. (o"ever the!
should be separated from the te&t both above and belo" b! triple spacing.
All tables and figures should be prepared on the same paper or material used for the preparation of the rest of the
project report.
1
8or preparing captions numerals s!mbols or characters in the case of tables or figures the Computer should be
used.
T"o or more small tables or figures ma! be grouped if necessar! in a single page.
@henever possible the entire photograph%s' ma! be reproduced on a full sheet of photographic paper.
Dhotographs if an! should be included in the colour &ero& form onl!. More than one photograph can be included
in a page.
Samples of 8abric 6eather etc. if absolutel! necessar! ma! be attached evenl! in a page and fi&ed/pasted suitabl!
and should be treated as figures.
6. T7PING INSTRUCTIONS
6.1 G#n#$a,
This section includes additional information for final t!ping of the project report. Some information given earlier
under CManuscript preparationE shall also be referred.
The impressions on the t!ped copies should be blac# in colour.
Un!o$.!%0 !n %3# on% o ,#%%#$) !n %3# )a.# 4$o8#&% $#4o$% )3a,, (# o()#$2#".
A sub>heading at the bottom of a page must have atleast t"o full lines belo" it or else it should be carried over to the
ne&t page. The last "ord of an! page should not be split using a h!phen. On# an" a 3a, )4a&!n- )3o/," (# /)#" o$
%04!n- %3# -#n#$a, %#5%.
Single spacing should be used for t!ping0
%i' 6ong Tables
%ii' 6ong $uotations
%iii' 8oot notes
%iv' Multiline captions
%v' <eferences
All $uotations e&ceeding one line should be t!ped in an indented space = the indentation being .4mm from either
margins. )ouble spacing should be used for t!ping the Bonafide Certificate and Ac#no"ledgement.
6.2. C3a4%#$)
The format for t!ping chapter headings divisions headings and sub division headings are e&plained through the
follo"ing illustrative e&amples.
Chapter heading 0 C(ADTE< .
)ivision heading I:T<*),CTI*:
)ivision heading 0 ... *,T6I:E *8 D<*?ECT <ED*<T
Sub>division heading 0 ....1. 6iterature revie".
The "ord C(ADTE< "ithout punctuation should be centered 4/mm do"n from the top of the page. T"o spaces
belo" the title of the chapter should be t!ped centrall! in capital letters. The te&t should commence 3 spaces belo"
this title the first letter of the te&t starting 1/mm inside from the left hand margin.
The division and sub>division captions along "ith their numberings should be left>justified. The t!ped material
directl! belo" division or sub>division heading should commence 1 spaces belo" it and should be offset 1/mm from
the left hand margin. @ithin a division or sub>division paragraphs are permitted. Even paragraph should commence 2
spaces belo" the last line of the preceding paragraph the first letter in the paragraph being offset from the left hand
margin b! 1/mm.
9. NUMBERING INSTRUCTIONS
9.1. Pa-# N/.(#$!n-
All pages numbers %"hether it be in <oman or Arabic numbers' should be t!ped "ithout punctuation on the upper
right hand corner 1/mm from top "ith the last digit in line "ith the right hand margin. The preliminar! pages of the
project report %such as Title page Ac#no"ledgement Table of Contents etc.' should be numbered in lo"er case
<oman numerals. The title page "ill be numbered as %i' but this should not be t!ped. The page immediatel! follo"ing
the title page shall be numbered %ii' and it should appear at the top right hand corner as alread! specified. Dages of
main te&t starting "ith Chapter . should be consecutivel! numbered using Arabic numerals.
9.2 N/.(#$!n- o C3a4%#$)1 D!2!)!on) an" S/(:D!2!)!on)
The numbering of chapters divisions and sub>divisions should be done using Arabic numerals onl! and further
decimal notation should be used for numbering the divisions and sub>divisions "ithin a chapter. 8or e&ample sub>
2
division 3 under division 2 belonging to chapter 1 should be numbered as 1.2.3. The caption for the sub>division
should immediatel! follo" the number assigned to it.
Ever! chapter beginning "ith the first chapter should be seriall! numbered using Arabic numerals. Appendices
included should also be numbered in an identical manner starting "ith Appendi& ..
9.2. N/.(#$!n- o Ta(,#) an" F!-/$#)
Tables and 8igures appearing an!"here in the project report should bear appropriate numbers. The rule for assigning
such numbers is illustrated through an e&ample. Thus if as figure in Chapter 2 happens to be the fourth then assign
2.3 to that figure. Identical rules appl! for tables e&cept that the "ord 8igures is replaced b! the "ord Table. If figures
%or tables' appear in appendices then figure 2 in Appendi& 1 "ill be designated as 8igure A 1.2. If a table to be
continued into the ne&t page this ma! be done but no line should be dra"n underneath an unfinished table. The top
line of the table continued into the ne&t page should for e&ample read Table 1.. %continued' placed centrall! and
underlined.
9.3. N/.(#$!n- o E;/a%!on)
E$uations appearing in each Chapter or Appendi& should be numbered seriall! the numbering commencing a fresh
for each Chapter or Appendi&. Thus for e&ample an e$uation appearing in Chapter 1 if it happens to be the eighth
e$uation in that Chapter should be numbered %1.9' thus0
C%s' H. H1
>>>>> I >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> %1.9'
<%s' . J H. H1 (
@hile referring to this e$uation in the bod! of the project report it should be referred to as E$uation %1.9'.
<. BINDING SPECIFICATIONS
Droject report submitted for M.E. / M.Tech. / M.Sc./ M.C.A. / M.B.A. should be bound using fle&ible cover of thic#
"hite art paper. The spine for the bound volume should be of blac# Calico of 1/mm "idth. The cover should be
printed in blac# letters and the te&t for printing should be identical to "hat has been prescribed for the title page.
APPENDI' 1:Bona!"# &#$%!!&a%#:)3o/," (# %04#" !n "o/(,# )4a&!n-
ARULMIGU MEENA=S>I AMMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
?A,!a%#" %o Anna /n!2#$)!%0@
AADAMAAANDAL : 6B4 41B
?N#a$ =an&3!4/$a.@
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report titled CA )%/"0 on o$-an!Da%!ona, &,!.a%# !n >A=RA LTD !n =an0a*/.a$!E is
the bonafide "or# of M$. =. Pa$%3!(an1 "ho carried out the research under m! supervision. certified further that to the
best of m! #no"ledge the "or# reported here in does not form part of an! other project report or dissertation on the basis of
"hich a degree or a"ard "as conferred on an earlier occasion on this or an! other candidate.
S/4#$2!)o$ >#a" o %3# D#4a$%.#n%
In%#$na, E5a.!n#$ E5%#$na, E5a.!n#$
3
APPENDI':2 TITLE PAGE
A STUD7 ON ORGANISATION CLIMATE IN >A=RA LTD1 IN =AN7A=UMARI
B0
PART>IBAN.=
REG.NO.5B3B663156
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A<,6MIH, MEE:AGS(I AMMA: C*66EHE *8 E:HI:EE<I:H
FA)AMAFA:)A6 GA:C(ID,<AM
A project report
Submitted to the
FACULT7 OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
In partial fulfillment of the re$uirements
for the a"ard of the degree
of
Ma)%#$ o B/)!n#)) A".!n!)%$a%!on
In
>/.an R#)o/$&#FF!nan&#FMa$*#%!n-
O
Anna /n!2#$)!%0
C3#nna! 6BBB25 1
J/n#:2B11
4