í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 23 -ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2008
S. Sriram, Hyderabad A. 'See' has the meaning of 'meet' too. With the
Q. By pass road †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™
à´’-Ø√L?
A.
´’Rxç°æ¤ ü∆J/ ®Ω£æ«-ü∆J ÅØÌa.
Q. (Bank) Pass book †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™
à´’--ØÌa?
A. ûÁ©’-í∫’™ ÆæÈ®j† ´÷ô-™‰ü¿’.
Q. ®√´’-ߪ ’u†’ Ramayya ÅE
é¬èπ◊çú≈ Ramaiah ÅE áçü¿’èπ◊ ®√Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. 'ߪ’u—
èπ◊ iah ᙫ ÆæJ- §Ú-ûª’çC?
A. Indian names N≠æ-ߪ÷-E-éÌÊÆh, ÆæÈ®j† ¨¡¶«lEo ûÁLÊ°
à spelling Å®·Ø√ ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çC. Standard
spelling Åçô÷ àç Öçúøü¿’.
Q. ü¿Ææ®√ ÂÆpLxçí˚ 'Dussehra' éπÈ®-ÍédØ√?
A. British §ƒ©† Å´-¨Ï≠æç Ç spelling (Dussehra).
Dasara Åçõ‰ ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çC, Cuddapah èπ◊ •ü¿’©’
Kadapa ÅE -¢√-úÌ-a.
G. Shankar, Keshavapatnam
Q. What is/ are the difference between the
sentences which are as follow under.
i) I don't try to speak loudly.
ii) I try not to speak loudly.
A . i) Gí∫_-®Ωí¬ ´÷ö«x-úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ v°æߪ’-Aoç-’.
ii) Gí∫_-®Ωí¬ ´÷ö«x-úø-èπ◊çú≈ -
I alone can do it
ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊ v°æߪ’-Ao-
≤ƒh†’– È®ç-úÕçöÀéà ŮΩnç
ü∆ü∆°æ¤ -äéπ-õ‰.
Q. i) I alone can do it.
ii) I can do it alone.
A . i) ØËØÌ-éπ\-úÕØË ÅC îËߪ’-í∫-©†’
ii) ؈C äéπ\-úÕí¬ (Éûª-®Ω’© Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç ™‰èπ◊çú≈)
îËߪ’-í∫-©†’.
Q. i) The mother loves Amitab better than me.
ii) The mother loves Amitab better than I.
A . i)
Ç ûªLx ††’o vÊ°N’ç-îËç-ü¿’-éπçõ‰ ÅN’-û√-¶¸†’
áèπ◊\´ vÊ°N’-Ææ’hçC = Ç ûªLxéÀ Ø√°j éπçõ‰ èπÿú≈
ÅN’-û√¶¸ O’ü¿ vÊ°´’ áèπ◊\´
ii) ÅN’-û√-¶¸†’ ؈’ vÊ°N’ç-îËçü¿’ éπØ√o Ç¢Á’ áèπ◊\´
vÊ°N’-Ææ’hçC = ÅN’-û√¶¸ °æôx Ø√èπ◊†o vÊ°´’-éπØ√o
Ç¢Á’ vÊ°´’ áèπ◊\´.
A. Sudhakar,Peddamallareddy (Nizamabad) A. It would have been going on for sometime =
Q. You told us in the previous lessons about 'if
conditions' have no shall, will, should and
would in them. But I have seen some sen-
tences like (a) If you will wait a moment I'll
fetch a chair (b) I should be very grateful if
you would do that for me. Please clarify.
A. In sentences like a) If you will wait a
moment... the 'if' clause is not a conditional
clause. It is a request, and so the rule that
will/ shall/ would/ should should not be used
in it does not apply here. In your sentences, If
you will wait = Just wait a moment, and... if
you would do that = please do that. So you
see that not all clauses beginning with 'if' are
conditional clauses. A conditional clause
expresses a condition. That is, what the main
clause states will happen only if what the
subordinate clause (beginning with 'if' some
times) states happens.
eg: If he gets the job, his mother will feel
happy. Here his mother will feel happy on
condition that he gets the job. If you pay
more, you can travel A/C = on condition that
you pay more, you can travel A/C.
Q. Present continuous some verbs see,
™
think, know, understand etc., am + is + are +
Q. Åûª-úø’çõ‰ ؈’ îËÆæ’hçúË¢√úÕE ņ-ú≈-EéÀ If he is, I
ing form
™ ®√´¤ éπü∆. Ñ ¢√é¬u-©†’ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ. would have been doing it ņ-´î√a?
1. I'm seeing her tomorrow.
2. You're always seeing something
strange.
A. Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈, If he had been here, I would to
3. I was just thinking it might be a good
idea.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
P. Srinivasu,
meaning of 'meet' 'see' can be used in the Tatiparthi.
am/ is/ are + ing form. In the sentence, 'you Q. May I request you to
are always seeing strange things', the word clarify the following
'see' has the meaning of imagining doubts. He started
(Ü£œ«ç--
With this meaning, am/ is/ are see-
éÓ-´-úøç). to run. He started
ing is used, but it is not correct. 'You always running.
-O-öÀ -´’-üµ¿u
see strange things' is certainly better.
ûË-ú≈ -à-N’-öÀ?
One of the meanings of 'think' is, having
A. He started to run = He started running ´’E/ ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’ç-ü¿-E îÁ°æp-úøç.
ideas, words or pictures in your mind about
(°æ®Ω’í∫’ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-î√úø’) He is going to pay the bill tomorrow= Å-ûª-úø’
something'
bill He will pay the
(äéπ N≠æߪ’ç í∫’-Jç-* ´’†èπ◊ éπ-LÍí
'am/ is/ Q. I like to play cricket. I like playing cricket. Í®°æ¤ îÁLxç-îª-¶-ûª’-Ø√oúø’– ÉC
bill
Ç™-îª-†©’, ´÷ô©’, ü¿%¨»u©’). Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ
A. I like to play cricket = I like playing cricket
are thinking' 'What are you think-
¢√úø-´îª’a. éπçõ‰ éπ*aûªç.
ing?' - üËEo í∫’-Jç-* Ç™-*-Ææ’h-Ø√o´¤?/ àç îÁ§ƒp-© (cricket Çúøôç Ø√éÀ-≠dçæ ) (He shall pay the bill = Åûª-úø’ G™¸ îÁLxç-î√L-
Order/ rule)
-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤? ü∆Eo í∫’-Jç-* N≠æߪ’ç àç Öç-C In these contexts, to play = playing;
´’†-Ææ’™ ÅØË-é¬F, †’¢Ëyç Ç™-*-Ææ’h-Ø√o-´E é¬ü¿’. Ç to start = starting. He is to pay (be form + infinitive) the bill =
Å®ΩnçûÓ 'I was just thinking it was a good idea' Åûª-úø’ bill îÁLxç-î√L/ îÁLxç-î√Lq ÖçC (Éçé¬
- (Ç, àç ™‰ü¿’ ÅC -´’ç* Ç™-îªØË ÅE°œç-*çC P. Simhachalam, Vijayawada îÁLxç-îª-™‰ü¿’)
Ø√èπ◊) correct. Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ-™éÀ ņ’-´-Cç-îªçúÕ. He was to pay the bill = í∫ûªç™ Åûª-úø’ bill
ÂÆ©-´¤© í∫’Jç* ÅúÕ-TûË ≤ƒ®˝ à´’-Ø√o®Ω’? îÁLxç-î√Lq ÖçúÕçC (îÁLxç-î√úø’ èπÿú≈ ÅØË Å®Ωnç,
Nagasrinivas, Chirala
A. What did the teacher say about holidays? ≤ƒüµ¿uç)
Q. í∫ûªç™ †’ç* Éçé¬ îËÆæ’hç-úø- Q. Éûª-®Ω’© ÅGµ-v§ƒ-ߪ÷-©†’ ´’†ç Q. ÉçTx≠ˇÂ°j °æô’d ≤ƒCµç-î √-©çõ‰ ´÷ûª%-¶µ«≠æ ûÁ©’-í∫’°j
í∫-LÍí ¢√úÕE ņ-ú≈-EéÀ could °æô’d Öçú≈-©E Åçô’-Ø√o®Ω’. Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? ņ’-
íı®Ω-Nç-î√™‰ ûª°æp, ´’† ÅGµ-v§ƒ-
have + p.p. + ing form ¢√úø-
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 512
ߪ÷-©†’ ¢√∞¡x°j ®Ω’ü¿lèπÿúøü¿’. ¢√ü¿ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ (ÉçTx≠ˇ †’ç* ûÁ©’í∫’) îªCN Å®Ωnç
´î√a? A. We should only respect îËÆæ’-éÓ-¢√™«? ™‰éπ-§ÚûË ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ sentence struc-
tures practice îËÆ œ ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-
¢√™«? Sentence struc-
ture èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç* éÌEo
ņ’-¢√ü¿ °æ¤Ææh鬩 Ê°®Ω’x
îÁ°æpçúÕ.
A. English ´îËaç-ü¿’èπ◊
A. Could have p.p. ing form others' opinions but not
Åçõ‰ Ééπ\úø ûÁ©’í∫’ ¶«í¬ ûÁL-ߪ÷-LqçüË. ÆæçüË-£æ«ç-™‰ü¿’. áçü¿’-éπçõ‰
p.p been
Åçõ‰ Å®·-†-ôx-®·ûË ¢√úø-´îª’a. impose our opinions on
´’† Ç™-îª-†©’ Ææp≠ædçí¬ Öçõ‰ ´’†-¶µ«≠æ èπÿú≈ Ææp≠ædçí¬
Been p.p.
ûª°æp ÉçÍé ¢√úø-ö«-EéÀ ™‰ü¿’. them.
Öçô’çC. ûÁ©’í∫’ ¶«í¬ ûÁLÆœ Öçõ‰, ¶µ«´- Ææp≠æd-ûª °®Ω’-
He could have been (p.p.) doing Q. ؈’ Ø√ @N-ûªç™ àüÁjØ√ ≤ƒCµç-î √-
í∫’-ûª’çC. Å°æ¤púø’ English ™ èπÿú≈ ´’†ç Ææp≠ædçí¬
it for two days now =
Åûª-†C È®çúø’- Lq† Æ洒ߪ’ç ´*açC. îÁ°æp-í∫©ç. Structures practise îËÆœ-†çûª ´÷vû√†
®Ó-V© véÀûªç †’ç* É°æp-öÀ-´-®Ωèπ◊/ Éçé¬ A. The time has come when I English °j °æô’d-®√ü¿’. Sentence ™ °æü∆© Å´’-Jéπ
should achieve something in life.
îÁߪ’u-í∫-©’í∫’ûª’ç-úË-¢√-úË (é¬E îËߪ’-™‰-éπ-§Ú- M.SURESAN (structure) É™« Öçú≈L ņ’-èπ◊E, Ç v°æ鬮Ωç (´÷ö«x-
ߪ÷úø’) Q. Å®·Ø√ éπ≥ƒd©’ ´’†èπ◊ îÁ°œp ´≤ƒhߪ÷ úË-ô°æ¤púø’) °æü∆-©†’ Å´’-®Ωaç- éπü∆? English ´÷ö«x-úøE
Å®·ûË, îËߪ’-í∫-Lí¬úø’ (î˨»úø’ èπÿú≈) ÅØË Å®Ωnç àçöÀ? 鬙«-EéÀ ûªí∫_-ô’dí¬ Ææ®Ω’l-èπ◊-§Ú- ¢√∞¡x-´’üµ¿uí∫ü∆ ´’†ç Öçô’Ø√oç. Åçü¿’-éπE next best
鬢√-©çõ‰ He has been able to do it Å-Ø√-L. ´-úø¢Ë’. áçûª O©’çõ‰ Åçûª English îªü¿-´-úøç ´©x ™«¶µº-°æ-úø-
Q. í∫ûªç™ †’ç* Éçé¬ ï®Ω’-í∫’ûª÷ ÖçúËC ņ-ú≈-EéÀ A. We can't anticipate/ No knowing when we
û√ç. Grammar knowledge, structures Åçûªí¬
would have + P.P. + ing form ¢√úÌî√a? face troubles. We've to get adjusted with ≤ƒßª’-°æ-úø´¤. Å´-鬨¡ç *éÀ\-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x, ûª§Úp, ä§Úp
them/ take them in their stride. ´÷ö«x-úË-ߪ’-úøç, O©-®·-†çûªÊÆ°æ¤ English N-†-úøç (TV
Q. newscasts) O©-®·-†çûª English îªü¿-´-úøç Öûªh-´’-
ï®Ω’-í∫’ûª÷ ÖçúËüË é¬E ï®Ω-í∫-™‰ü¿’. ®Ω°∂æ·èπ◊ F ÂÆ™¸-§∂ÚØ˛ í∫’Jç* îÁ°æp-èπ◊çú≈ ´’ç* °æE
It has been going on for sometime past =
î˨»´¤. ™‰éπ-§ÚûË ¶«u™„Ø˛q §∂ÚØ˛™ ¢Ëߪ’-´’E ´’† ´÷®Ω_ç.
í∫ûªç™ v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº-¢Á’i Éçé¬ ï®Ω’-í∫’ûª÷ ÖçC.
ñ‰•’©’ *©’x©’ îËÊÆ-¢√úø’. Q. ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  standard grammar books Ê°®Ω’x
A. You did a good thing, not telling Raghu about -ûÁ-©’°æí∫-©®Ω’.
Q.
the cell phone. Otherwise he'd have made a
í∫ûªç †’ç* Éçé¬ îËߪ÷Lq ÖçúËC É™«çöÀ
expressions †’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  ᙫ ûÁ©’-°æ-´îª’a? OöÀ- A. O’èπ◊ ´’ç* Grammar books: 1) Essential
hole in our pockets by ... (Balance phone ™ English Grammar 2) Advanced English
Íé-¢Á’iØ√ structure Öçü∆? ¢Ëߪ’-úø-´’çõ‰ Å®Ωnç 鬙‰ü¿’) Grammar by Reymond Murphy.
A. Somebody- he/ she/ they, etc, should have Q. ¶µºN-≠æuû˝ 鬙«-EéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† will/ shall + infini-
Q.
been doing it-
éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ ņ’-´-Cç-îªçúÕ.
¢√-∞¡xC îËÆæ÷h Öçú≈-LqçC, é¬F îËߪ’- tive, be form + going to, Be about to, simple
Let me sleep over it.
úøç ™‰ü¿’. present tense, present continuous tense,
They must have been doing it for sometime (am, is was) be + to í∫’Jç* ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. OöÀE A. é¬ÊÆ-§ƒí∫’. ††’o é¬Ææh time BÆæ’éÓF, ü∆Eo í∫’-Jç-*
now = ¢√∞¡xC éÌçûª-é¬-©çí¬ éπ*a-ûªçí¬ îËÆæ÷h ¢√úË Ææçü¿-®√s¥-©†’ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ. E®Ωg-®·ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊.
ÖØ√o®Ω’. A. ûÁ©’-Ææ’-í∫ü∆? I/ We + shall, he/ she/ it/ they + Q. Stop kidding, and don't even joke about it.
à ´’ç* Grammar book Å®·Ø√ OöÀE N´-Jç-îª- will- Åçûª éπ*a-ûªç-é¬E ¶µºN-≠æûª’h†’ ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰≤ƒh®·. A. F jokes Ç°æ¤. kidding = joke îËߪ’-úøç
í∫-©ü¿’. I shall be here again- ØËE-éπ\úø ´’Sx Öçö« Q. Wake up, sleep head. You were no.1 not any
(éπ*aûªç é¬ü¿’) He will go tomorrow- Í®°æ¤ ¢√úø’- more, I suppose.
Q. Éûªúø’ ™‰éπ-§ÚûË, ؈’ ÉEo ®ÓV© †’ç* Ééπ\úø Öçúø-
¢Á-∞«húø’ (éπ*a-ûªç-é¬ü¿’) ÅüË I/ we + will- ´÷ö«xúË A. Sleepy head, sleep head - Sleepy head
í∫-©’-í∫’-ûª’çõ‰ ¢√úÕE é¬ü¿’– -D-E-E -É-™« Å-ØÌî√a? é¬ü¿’
If he is no, I couldn't have been living here for
¢√∞¡x E®Ωg-ߪ÷Eo, ÖüËl-¨»Eo, ¢√∞¡Ÿx- ´÷ô É´y--ú≈Eo =
Evü¿-¢Á·£æ«ç (°æ‹Jhí¬ Evü¿-´’ûª’h -†’ç* éÓ©’-éÓ-E-
such this time.
ûÁ©’°æ¤-ûª’çC. Wake up, sleepy head. You were no.1.
¢√∞¡Ÿx).
He/ she/ it/ they + shall- orders (Çïc©’), Not any more =
A. ÉC ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. É™« ÅØ√L. ¢Ë’™\, Evü¿ ¢Á·£æ«´÷. äéπ-°æ¤púø’
E•ç-üµ¿-†©’, ´÷ô É´y--ú≈Eéà -¢√úø-û√ç. Å®·ûË, †’´¤y ØÁç.1. É°æ¤púø’ é¬ü¿’.
If he had not been here
Modern English ™ ´·êuçí¬ spoken form ™,
(Åûª-úø’ ™‰éπ-§Ú-ߪ·çõ‰), Q. Stop yapping and get the hat out of my
I could not have been here for such a long will ÅEoç-öÀéà ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. äéπ E•ç-üµ¿-†©’ house.
time.
(-ØËEç-ûª-鬩-N’éπ\úø Öçúø-í∫-LÍí¢√--úÕ-E-鬆’– ûÁ-LÊ°ç-ü¿’Íé he/ she/ it/ they shall ¢√úø’-ûª’Ø√oç. A. °œ*a-°œ-*aí¬ éÓ°æç ûÁ°œpç-îËô’d ¢√í∫èπ◊. §Ú, Ééπ\-úÕoç*.
shall be/ will be doing- ¶µºN-≠æu-ûª’h™  ņ’-èπ◊†o
Öçúø-í∫-L-í¬†’)
(Get out)
Q. Are you no nuts? This is Vijayawada.
ã Ææ´’-ߪ÷-EéÀ, ï®Ω’-í∫’ûª÷ ÖçúË °æEéÀ -îÁ-•’-û√ç.
I shall/ will be discussing this matter with
A. FÍé-´’Ø√o °œîÁa-éÀ\çü∆? ÉC Nï-ߪ’-¢√úø.
Åûªúø’ ™‰éπ-§ÚûË Øˆ’ îËߪ÷Lq ´îËaC ÅE ņ-ú≈-EéÀ him tomorrow-
Í®°‘ N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo Åûª-úÕûÓ
ᙫ Åçö«ç? Q. If you speak another word you're fired.
îªJa-Ææ’hç-ö«†’.
A.
Be (am/ is/ are/ was/ were) going to do
ÉçéÓ-´÷ô ´÷ö«x-ú≈-´çõ‰ F ÖüÓuí∫ç Üúø’-ûª’çC.
(fire = ÖüÓuí∫ç †’ç* ûÌ©-Tç-îª-úøç).
have been doing it Åçö«ç. (something)= ¶µºN-≠æu-û˝™ àüÁjØ√ îËߪ’-¶-ûª’-Ø√o-