The Topic Everyone Can Stomach!

Ingestion
Mastication
Motility
Secretion
Hormone Release
Chemical Digestion
Absorption
Elimination
Gingiva (gum)

Connective Tissue

Ciliated Epithelial cells

Dentin


Pulp Cavity

Bone

Cementum

Periodontal Ligament

Gingiva (gum)


Connective Tissue

Ciliated Epithelial cells
Ameloblasts

Dentin






Pulp Cavity


Dentinal tubules

Odontoblasts


Connective Tissue

Ciliated Epithelial cells
Ameloblasts






Pulp Cavity


Connective Tissue

Ciliated Epithelial cells

Dentinal Tubules


Pulp Cavity


Cementum

Odontoblasts
Papillae




Taste buds
Connective
tissue
Skeletal
muscle
Serous glands
Filiform: Most abundant. Conical shaped with
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Fungiform: Mushroom shaped. Abundant at
tip of tongue. Taste buds on surface.

Circumvallate: Largest rounded structures near
back of tongue. 8-12; Lateral taste buds.

Foliate: Posterior lateral surface. Lateral
papillae. Associated with serous glands.
Sustentacular
(supporting) cell

Sensory cells

Taste pore

Basal cell



Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
Serous Cells
Duct
Mucous Cells
Layers of the GI Tract
(external to internal)
Serosa

Muscularis externa (longitudinal
Muscularis externa (circular)

Submucosa
Muscularis mucosae

Mucosa

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Externa
Serosa
Skeletal
Muscle
Skeletal &
Smooth muscle
Smooth
muscle
Esophagus
Stomach
Cardia, Fundus & Pyorus
All 3 regions contain 3 layers of muscularis
externa: innermost oblique layer, middle
circular layer and outer longitudinal layer

Cardiac: esophageal region. Contain mucous
secreting cardiac glands

Fundus: Contains gastric pits and rugae

Pyloric regions: Pyloric sphincter region +
Mucous secreting pyloric glands
Mucosa






Muscularis
mucosae


Submucosa




Muscularis
externa
Serosa
Mucous cells = superior surface

Parietal cells (red) secrete HCL & intrinsic
factor

Chief cells: blue: secrete pepsinogen

Enteroendocrine cells: secrete various
hormones (secretory granules may be seen)


Secretes
HCl &
intrinsic
factor
Scretes
Pepsinogen

Gastric lipase
Secretes acidic
mucus
Secrete
alkaline mucus
Secrete serotonin
& cholecystokinin

Decarboxylation
and amine
uptake

APUD cells
Amine Precursor
Uptake
Decarboxylase

Secretes
gastrin
Mucosa


Muscularis Mucosae

Submucosa


Muscularis externa
Poorly defined
innermost oblique
layer, middle circular
layer and outer
longitudinal layer.

Serosa







Submucosa
Mucosa

Muscularis
mucosae


Submucosa

Muscularis
extrerna


Serosa



Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
Duodenum: Short (12 inches), lacks serosa,
duodenal glands present. Few globlet cells

Jejunum: More goblet cells; no glands

Ileum: More goblet cells: Peyers patches
Absorb water & electrolytes
Secrete mucus
Enteroendocrine cells secrete hormones


Mucosa
Muscularis mucosae
Submucosa with
Duodenal Glands
Muscularis Externa
Adventitia
Intestinal crypt (gland)
Adventitia
Longitudinal
muscle
Circular muscle
Secretes alkaline mucus
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Jejunum
Intestinal glands

Muscularis mucosae

Submucosa

Vein
Muscularis Externis
Submucosa
Muscularis mucosae
Mucosa
Ileum
Mucosa

Muscularis mucosae

Submucosa

Muscularis externa
(with Peyers
patch)

Brush border:

Dextrinase, glucoamylase, maltase, lactase,
sucrase, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase,
nucleosidases, phosphatases, and enterokinase)

Mucosa

Submucosa

Muscularis externa
(circular)

Muscularis externa
(longitudinal)

Serosa
Mucosa

Muscularis
mucosae

Submucosa

Muscularis extrena


submucosa
Muscularis externa
Circular muscle
Longitudinal
Muscle
Skeletal
muscle
RECTUM
ANUS
Simple columnar to stratified
squamous unkeratinized epithelium
Hepatic portal vein
Bile duct
Hepatic artery
Hepatic artery
Hepatic vein
Bile Duct
Hepatocytes
Produces alkaline fluid
Produces enzymes
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin.
Carboxypeptidase
Elastidase
Pancreatic lipase
Sterol esterase acts of esters; helps produce bile
Nucleases
Pancreatic amylase