Stomata on Monocot and Dicot Leaves: Analysis and Conclusions

Data Analysis
For each research question, perform a two-tailed t-test, and write a conclusion based on the t-test.
Include the following in your conclusion
1. A clear answer to the question.
2. Indication of whether there is a significant difference or a significant difference has not
been found.
3. Indication of which group had the higher/greater value and which group had
the lesser/smaller value if a significant difference is found.
4. The p value in parenthesis.
5. A brief explanation of the conclusion that provides any reasons for a difference or lack of
difference (1-2 sentences).
Example
Did students who studied for two hours earn a higher grade on the cellular respiration test compared
to students who spent fifteen minutes studying?
Students who spent two hours studying did earn higher grades on the cellular respiration test
compared to students who spent fifteen minutes studying. A two-tailed t-test showed that there is a
significant difference between the two sets of scores (p = .02).
Data Analysis Questions
a. Is there a difference in stomata density between the top and bottom of the leaf from the
monocot?
b. Is there a difference in stomata density between the top and bottom of the leaf from the dicot?
c. Is there a difference in stomata density between the bottom of the dicot leaf and the bottom of
the monocot leaf?



t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal
Variances


Monocot Top
Monocot
Bottom
Mean 7.427894737 50.50714286
Variance 163.1880398 897.8357451
Observations 19 14
Hypothesized Mean Difference 0

df 17

t Stat
-
5.051743283

P(T<=t) one-tail 4.91743E-05

t Critical one-tail 1.739606726

P(T<=t) two-tail 9.83485E-05

t Critical two-tail 2.109815578

There is a significant difference between the weight gain of high protein diet and the low protein diet
because the t stat of the t-test data is 2.54 which is greater than the t critical value, which is 2.04 (using
two tail critical value since there are no research involved to justify). In terms of certainty, it is shown
that the data displays significant difference since the P (percent certainty) value is 0.016. This means
that it is 99.984% certain that there is a significant difference between the two varied diets, and the
0.016 p value is the small fraction of amount saying that there is no significant value.

t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal
Variances


Dicot top Dicot Bottom
Mean 40.83357143 47.94357143
Variance 406.9003016 261.4888863
Observations 14 14
Hypothesized Mean Difference 0

df 25

t Stat -1.02900838

P(T<=t) one-tail 0.156664566

t Critical one-tail 1.708140761

P(T<=t) two-tail 0.313329132

t Critical two-tail 2.059538553


By taking the absolute value of the t stat, the t stat of the data of tumor growth with the drugs was at
1.57. However the t critical value (since the hypothesis as of now is not as directional, nor are there
research involved to justify) of this data is 2.07. This shows that there is no significant difference
between the mice that received drugs growth of the tumors, and the mice that did not. The p value is
also pretty high, showing 0.13 which means that it is only 87% sure that there is a significant difference
between the two data.