Question for HIV-AIDS

1. In epidemiologic studies of human immunodefciency virus HIV!

infection and ac"uired immunodefciency syndrome AIDS!# it $as
noticed that certain individuals failed to develop HIV infection
despite %no$n e&posure to the virus under conditions that caused
HIV disease in all other individuals similarly e&posed. 'hen the
(D)* lymphocytes from resistant individuals are incu+ated $ith
HIV-1# they fail to +e infected. Such a resistance to infection +y HIV
is most li%ely caused +y a mutation a,ecting $hich of the follo$ing
genes-
a. .-cell receptor
+. (hemo%ine receptor
c. Interleu%in-/ receptor
d. (D/0 receptor
e. 1c receptor
/. A 23-year-old male %no$n to +e HIV positive has noticed the
appearance of multiple# 4.5- to 1./-cm# pla"ue-li%e# reddish purple
s%in lesions on his face# trun%# and e&tremities. Some of the larger
lesions appear to +e nodular. .hese lesions have appeared over the
past 6 months and have slo$ly enlarged. 7olecular analysis of the
spindle cells found in the lesion is li%ely to reveal the genome of
$hich of the follo$ing viruses-
a. (ytomegalovirus
+. 8pstein-9arr virus
c. Adenovirus
d. Human herpesvirus-0
e. HIV-I
2. A 24-year-old male %no$n to +e infected $ith H1V +egins to have
di:culty $ith activities of daily living. He has memory pro+lems and
decreased a+ility to perform functions that re"uire fne motor
control# such as $riting or painting. His (D) lymphocyte count is
154 cell;<=. 'hich of the follo$ing cell types is most important for
the dissemination of the infection into the central nervous system-
a. >? cell
+. 7acrophage
c. >eutrophil
d. (D0 lymphocyte
e. =angerhans cell
). A 1@-year-old female presented $ith fever# myalgia# sore throat# and
mild erythematous rash over her a+domen and thighs. .hese
symptoms a+ated in a month# and she remained healthy until 0
years later# $hen decreased visual acuity and pain in her right eye
led to a fnding of cytomegalovirus retinitis on funduscopy. Assuming
that her initial illness and the ocular pro+lem are a part of the same
disease process# $hich of the follo$ing la+oratory test fndings is
most li%ely to +e found in this patient after her ocular pro+lems
+egan to appear-
a. Antinuclear anti+ody titer of 1A14/)
+. .otal serum glo+ulin level of 654 mg;d=
c. Bositive H=A-9/3 antigen
d. Anticentromere anti+ody titer of 1A51/
e. (D) lymphocyte count of 14/;;<=
5. A 2/-year-old female $ith a 14-year history of intravenous drug use
developed a chronic $atery diarrhea. 8&amination of the stool
revealed cysts of (ryptosporidium parvum. She then developed a
cryptococcal meningitis that $as successfully treated. A diagnosis of
oral candidiasis $as made a month later. 'hich of the follo$ing
neoplasms is she at greatest ris% for developing-
a. >on-Hodg%in lymphoma
+. Adenocarcinoma of the lung
c. =eiomyosarcoma of retroperitoneum
d. (ervical s"uamous carcinoma
e. (ere+ral astrocytoma
6. An inCamed mucosal surface ma%es an ideal location for the
transmission of HIV during se&ual intercourse. 'hich of the follo$ing
cells is instrumental in transmitting HIV to (D)* . lymphocytes-
a. (D0* cells
+. >? cells
c. Dendritic cells
d. >eutrophils
e. Blasma cells
3. A )5-year-old male presents $ith fever# cough# and dyspnea
$orsening over the past fe$ days. A +ronchoalveolar lavage sho$s
cysts of B. carinii. His (D) lymphocyte count is 125;<=# total serum
glo+ulin concentration is /.5 g;d=# and '9( count is 3044;<=# $ith a
di,erential count of 35 segmented neutrophils# 0 +and neutrophils#
6 lymphocytes# 14 monocytes# and 1 eosinophil. 'hich of the
follo$ing positive serologic la+oratory fndings $ould you most
e&pect-
a. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoanti+ody
+. Dheumatoid factor
c. Anti+odies to human immunodefciency virus
d. Antistreptolysin E
e. Antinuclear anti+ody
0. A )4-year-old male is %no$n to have +een infected $ith HIV for the
past l4 years. He has +een +othered in the past $ith oral candidiasis
+ut has had no maFor illnesses. He is diagnosed $ith ?aposi sarcoma
involving the s%in. He has e&perienced a /4-%g $eight loss in the
past 6 months# His HIV-1 D>A viral load is 64#444 copies;m=. 'hich
type of cell is depleted the most in his lymph nodes-
a. (D)* lymphocyte
+. (D0* lymphocyte
c. 7acrophage
d. >eutrophil
@. A 13-year-old +oy is found to have a positive serologic test result for
HIV. He is currently $ell. He is not an inFection drug user# +ut he has
+een se&ually active for 2 years. 'hat is the +est advice for this
patient-
a. Gou should not have unprotected se& $ith other persons.
+. Gou $ill pro+a+ly develop AIDS $ithin the ne&t year.
c. Gour HIV test may +ecome negative $ithin the ne&t year.
d. As long as you are clinically $ell# you can donate +lood.
e. .he course of your infection is +est follo$ed +y titers of anti-HlV
anti+odies.
14. 'hat is the functional signifcant of the o+servation that HIV-1
nef protein does not decrease H=A-( and H=A-8-
a. H=A-( and H=A-8 are inhi+itory signals for >? cells
+. H=A-( and H=A-8 are activation signals for >? cells
c. H=A-( and H=A-8 are activation signals for (.=s
d. .o decrease detection +y (.=s
Ans$erA
1. 9
/. D
2. 9
). 8
5. A
6. (
3. (
0. A
@. A
14. A