PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL EXPERIMENTAL REPORT EXAMINATION OF

SUBSTANCES AND QUALITY OF CONCRETE

MODULE 6
EXAMINATION OF MOISTURE CONTENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE


KELOMPOK 31
Danny TirtaWinata 1306437025
Sabrina NurulHidayah 1306437145
Daniel AndigaWibisana 1306437076
Ahmad Haekal 1306437151


Date of Experiment : September 28, 2013
Experiment Assistant : Suryo Wijiono
Date of Approval :
Score :
Assistants Signature :

LABORATORY OD STRUCTURE AND MATERIAL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENT
ENGINEERING FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
DEPOK 2013

EXAMINATION OF MOISTURE CONTENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE

I. Objective
This experimental work is to determine the moisture content of aggregate by drying. Moisture
content is the ratio of weight of moisture in aggregate and the weight of dried aggregate. This
experimental work has objective to adapt dose of concrete if the humidity of concrete changes.

II. Material
MAXIMUM GRAIN SIZE OF
AGGREGATE
MINIMUM WEIGHT OF DRIED
AGGREGATE SAMPLE
(mm) (inch) (kg)
6,3 0,5
9,5 3/8 1,0
12,7 2,0
19,1 3,0
25,4 1 4,0
38,1 1 5,0
50,8 2 8,0
63,5 2 10,0
76,2 3 13,0
88,9 3 16,0
101,6 4 25,0
152,4 6 50,0

III. Apparatus
1. Scale/balance
2. Oven with temperature adjustment to heat up the specimen up to (110 5) C.
3. Large enough capacity of anti-corrosive metal tray to dry the specimen.

IV.Procedure
1. The weight of the container is measured with a scale.
2. The coarse aggregate is separated from the mixed aggregate using the inch sieve.

3. The coarse aggregate is poured into the container until it is full, and the total weight is
measured.
4. The container of coarse aggregate is then put in the oven for 24 hours to be dried.
5. After the container of coarse aggregate is taken out of the oven, the total weight is
measured again.

V. Observation and Data Calculation
Weight of container = 465 gram (w
1
)
Total weight of coarse aggregate and container = 10,755 gram (w
2
)
Weight of coarse aggregate (w
3
) = (w
2
w
1
) = 10,755 465 = 10,290 gram
Weight of dried coarse aggregate and container = 10,388 gram (w
4
)
Weight of dried coarse aggregate (w
5
) = (w
4
w
1
) = 10,338 465 = 9,873 gram

( )

( )

VI. Experimental Analysis
i. Analysis of Experiment
The examination of moisture content of coarse aggregate is done to find the percentage of
humidity in coarse aggregate. The method used in this examination is drying. Before
calculation the moisture of aggregate, the preparation has to be done one day before the
examination, so there is enough time to dry the aggregates. The coarse aggregates are
obtained from a pile of mixed aggregates located outside the lab. These aggregates have
been exposed to different kinds of conditions because they are located outside in an open
area. They have been exposed to cold and night temperatures, and rain. So they are
suitable for this experiment, which measures the moisture content of coarse aggregate.
The weight of coarse aggregates that is used in this examination is 10,290 grams. To

separate the coarse aggregates from themixedaggregates, they first have to be filtered
using the inch sieve. Using the inch sieve to filter the aggregates will separate the
coarse aggregates from the fine aggregates and other small materials. The coarse
aggregate is then placed in a container. But the weight of the container has to be
measured before so that the net weight of the aggregate can be determined. After that, the
container full of coarse aggregates is put in the oven for 24 hours. When 24 hours have
past, the container filled with the coarse aggregates is measured again. Then finally all
the data for this examination can be collected and processed.

ii. Result Analysis
When the difference of weight between the humid aggregate and dry aggregate is
calculated, the moisture of coarse aggregate is determined. From there, the percentage of
moisture content of the aggregate can be determined. The moisture content is basically
the ratio of weight of moisture tothe weight of dried aggregate. According to this
examination and the aggregates that are used, the moisture content of coarse aggregate is
4.22 percent. This number can change depending on the level of humidity of the
aggregates. The humidity of aggregate is proportional to the moisture content
If the moisture content is high, then the level of humidity is also high and vice versa.

iii. Error Analysis
1. When the students use the sieve to filter the mixed aggregates, some fine
aggregates could have fallen into the coarse aggregate container because the
students did not properly filter the aggregates
2. One parallax error that cannot be considered as the tools or students fault is
when the coarse aggregate is put in the oven; the ovens door might be open many
times because many people are using it too, which can affect the temperature of
the oven.

VII. Conclusion
The objective of this examination determines the moisture content of coarse aggregate in
percentage. And our coarse aggregate that weighs 10,290 grams has a moisture content of 4.22%.


VIII. References
American Society for Testing and Materials. Standards Test Method for Total
Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by Drying, No. ASTM C 566 97.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
BadanStandarisasiNasional. MetodePengujian Kadar Air Agregat, SNI 03-1971-
1990.


PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL EXPERIMENTAL REPORT EXAMINATION OF
SUBSTANCES AND QUALITY OF CONCRETE

MODULE 10
RESISTANCE TO DEGRADATION OF SMALL-SIZE COARSE AGGREGATE BY
ABRASION IN THE LOS ANGELES MACHINE


KELOMPOK 31
Danny TirtaWinata 1306437025
Sabrina NurulHidayah 1306437145
Daniel AndigaWibisana 1306437076
Ahmad Haekal 1306437151

Date of Experiment : September 28, 2013
Experiment Assistant : Suryo Wijiono
Date of Approval :
Score :
Assistants Signature :

LABORATORY OD STRUCTURE AND MATERIAL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENT
ENGINEERING FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
DEPOK 2013

RESISTANCE TO DEGRADATION OF SMALL-SIZE COARSE AGGREGATE BY
ABRASION IN THE LOS ANGELES MACHINE

I. Objective
This experimental work is intended to determine resistance to degradation of small-size coarse
aggregate by abrasion using Los Angles Machine The abrasion of aggregate is stated in ratio of
the weight of abrasive material passed sieve No. 12 to its initial weight (in percentage).

II. Material

Sieve
Weight for each
Gradation of Specimen
(gram)
Passed (mm) Retained (mm) B
19.05 12.7 2500
12.7 9.51 2500

III. Apparatus
1. Los Angeles Machine; consists of cylindrical steel with a cap in both side with 71 cm
(26) of diameter and 50 cm (20) of length. The cylindrical steel is supported on two-
continuous short shafts, and rotates in a horizontal axis. The cylindrical has a hole to
input the specimen. Thecover is set precisely so that the surface its inner surface, a steel
shaft lays perfectly in transverse direction with 8.9 cm (3.56) of height.
2. Sieve No. 12
3. Scale/balance
4. Steel balls with 4,68 cm (1.84) of average diameter and self weight at around 390-445
gram.
5. Oven with adjustable temperature (110 5) C to heat up the aggregate.

IV. Procedure
1. Aggregates and all the steel balls are put in the Los Angeles Machine.
2. The machine is turned on to rotate for 15 minutes.

3. After the rotation is finished, the aggregate is poured out of the machine into a container
4. The aggregate is filtered using No. 12 sieve
5. The retained materials are washed properly and then put in the oven for 24 hours to be
dried.
6. After 24 hours, the weight of the aggregate is measured again.

V. Observation and Data Calculation
Initial weight of aggregate = 5000 grams
Weight of container = 262 grams
Weight of retained sieve No. 12 of the aggregate = 3,586 262 = 3,324 grams

a = initial weight of the aggregate (gram)
b = weight of retained sieve No. 12 of the aggregate (gram)

VI. Experiment Analysis
i. Analysis of Experiment
This experiment measures the resistance ofsmall size coarse aggregate to degradation by
abrasion. The Los Angeles machine will break parts of the coarse aggregates. The weight
is then measured to determine how much of the coarse aggregate can retain abrasion. The
pure weight of small coarse aggregate is 5,000 grams. The aggregate is put in the Los
Angeles machine for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, some of the aggregates turn into even
smaller aggregates and dust or sand. The abrasion inside of the machine is caused by the
steel balls that crush the aggregates. To separate the fine aggregates from the small
aggregates, No. 12 sieve is used. To help the filtering process, running water is also used
to help push the aggregates through the sieve. After the aggregates are filtered, they are

put in the oven for a whole day to be dried. The dried weight after 24 hours is of course
less than the initial weight because physically, it is obvious that the aggregates become
even smaller and some even turn into sand because of abrasion.

ii. Result Analysis
This experiment determines the percent of aggregates lost during abrasion. According to
this experiment, 33.52% of 5,000 grams of aggregates are lost during the process of
abrasion. The percentage of abrasion is the ratio of weight of aggregates retained by No.
12 sieve to its initial weight. The percent of abrasion can change depending on the length
of the process, strength of the aggregates, and number of steel balls that are placed inside
the machine.

iii. Error Analysis
1. Some materials might have fallen on the floor when the aggregates are poured
from the machine to the container
2. Some aggregates could also have fallen out when they are washed and filtered
through the sieve.

VII. Conclusion
This experiment shows that to calculate the percent of abrasion, the weight retained from
the Los Angeles machine and No. 12 sieve is needed, as well as the initial weight of the
aggregate. According to the amount of aggregates that is used, the percentage of abrasion
of 5,000 grams aggregate is 33.52%.

VIII. References
American Society for Testing and Materials. Standards Test Method for Resistance to
Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by abrasion and Impact in the Los
Angeles Machine, No. ASTM C 131 03.Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Vol. 04.02.



Attachment


Photo 1. Los Angeles Machine


Photo 2. Washing and filtering aggregates using No. 12 sieve.