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Name of some computer hardware:

(1) Central Processing Unit: CPU or Processor for short. The brain of a computer.
Approximately 1.5 in X 1.5 in. Does the entire computation/work for the computer.
(2) Memory: Although memory is technically any form of electronic storage, it is used most
often to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. Accessing the hard drive for information
takes time.
When the information is kept in memory, the CPU can access it much more quickly.
(3) Motherboard: A circuit board that allows the CPU to interact with other parts of the
computer.
(4) Power Supply: Gives your computer power by converting alternating current (AC)
supplied by the wall connection to direct current (DC).
(5)CD ROM: A device used to read CD-ROMs. If capable of writing to the CD-ROM, then
they are usually referred to as a burner or CD-RW.
(6) DVD ROM: A device that is used to read DVDs/CDs. If capable of writing to the DVD,
then it is often referred to as a DVD-burner or a DVD-RW.
(7) Floppy Drive: A device that is used to read/write to floppy diskettes.
(8) Fan: Keeps your computer cool. If the inside of your computer becomes too hot, then
the computer can overheat and damage parts.
(9) Heat sink: Used to disperse the heat that is produced inside the computer by the CPU
and other parts by increasing surface area.
(10) Random Access Memory- RAM: Where information is stored temporarily when a
program is run. Information is automatically pulled into memory, we cannot control this.
RAM is cleared
Automatically when the computer is shutdown or rebooted. RAM is volatile (nonpermanent).
(11) Read Only Memory ROM: More permanent than RAM. Data stored in these chips is
nonvolatile -- it is not lost when power is removed. Data stored in these chips is either

unchangeable or requires a special operation to change. The BIOS is stored in the CMOS,
read only memory.
(12) Hard Drive: Where you store information permanently most frequently. This is also
nonvolatile.
(13)USB Port: Universal Serial Bus. Now used to connect almost all peripheral devices to
the computer. USB 1.1 transmits data at 1.5 Mb/s at low speed, 12 Mb/s at full speed. USB
2.0 transmits data at 480Mb/s.
(14) Graphics Card: Used to convert the logical representation of an image to a signal that
can be used as input for a monitor.
(15) Network Card: Used to provide a computer connection over a network. Transmit data
at 10/100/1000 Mb/s.

PERIPHERALS OF COMPUTER:

(1) Keyboard: Keyboard is used in the input phase of a computer-based information system.
Keyboard is most common input device is used today. The data and instructions are input by
typing on the keyboard. The message typed on the keyboard reaches the memory unit of a
computer. Its connected to a computer via a cable. Apart from alphabet and numeral keys, it
has other function keys for performing different functions.
(2) Mouse: Its a pointing device. The mouse is rolled over the mouse pad, which in turn
controls the movement of the cursor in the screen. We can click, double click or drag the
mouse. Most of the mouses have a ball beneath them, which rotates when the mouse in
moved. The ball has 2 wheels of the sides, which in turn mousse with the movement of the
ball. The sensor notifies the speed of its movements to the computer, which in turn moves the
cursor/pointer on the screen.
(3) Scanner: Scanners are used to enter information directly in to the computers memory.
This device works like a Xerox machine. The scanner converts any type of printed or written
information including photographs into digital pulses, which can be manipulated by the
computer.

(4) Removable Storage:The same kinds of CD and DVD drives that could come built-in on your
computer can also be attached externally. You might only have a CD-ROM drive built-in to
your computer but you need a CD writer to burn CDs. You can buy an external CD writer that
connects to your USB port and acts the same way as if it was built-in to your computer. The
same is true for DVD writers, Blu-ray drives, and floppy drives. Flash drives have become
very popular forms of removable storage especially as the price of flash drives decreases and
the possible size for them increases. Flash drives are usually USB ones either in the form USB
sticks or very small, portable devices. USB flash drives are small, fast, removable, rewritable,
and long-lasting. Storage capacities range from 64MB to 32GB or more. A flash drive does not
have any mechanically driven parts so as opposed to a hard drive which makes it more durable
and smaller usually.

(5) USB: (Universal Serial Bus) is a serial bus standard to interface devices. USB was designed
to allow many peripherals to be connected using a single standardized interface socket and to
improve the plug-and-play capabilities by allowing devices to be connected and disconnected
without rebooting the computer. Other convient features include providing power to lowconsumption devices without the need for an external power supply and allowing many
devices to be used without requiring manufacturer specific, individual device drivers to be
installed. USB is by far the dominating bus for connecting external devices to your computer.

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