Dental surgery

Dental surgery is any of a number of medical procedures that involve articially modifying dentition, in other
words surgery of the teeth and jaw bones.

to the implant by cement or retained by a

screw.
Dentures (false teeth) a partial or complete
set of dentition which either attach to neighboring teeth by use of metal or plastic grasps
or to the gingival or palatial surface by use of
adhesive.

Types

Some of the more common are:

Implant-supported prosthesis a combination of dentures and implants, bases are placed

into the bone, allowed to heal, and metal appliances are xed to the gingival surface, following which dentures are placed atop and xed
into place.

Endodontic (surgery involving the pulp or root of

the tooth)
Root canal
Pulpotomy The opening of the pulp
chamber of the tooth to allow an infection to drain; Usually a precursor to a root
canal
Pulpectomy - The removal of the pulp
from the pulp chamber to temporarily relieve pain; Usually a precursor to a root
canal.

Orthodontic treatment
Implants and implant-supported prosthesis
also an orthodontic treatment as it involves
bones
Apiectomy also an orthodontic treatment as
part of the underlying bone structure must be
removed.

Apicoectomy - A root-end resection. Occasionally a root canal alone will not be enough
to relieve pain and the end of the tooth, called
the apex, will be removed by entering through
the gingiva and surgically extracting the diseased material.

Extraction a procedure in which a diseased,

redundant, or problematic tooth is removed,
either by pulling or cutting out. This procedure
can be done under local or general anesthesia
and is very common many people have their
wisdom teeth removed before they become
problematic.

Prosthodontics (dental prosthetics)

Crowns (caps) articial coverings of the
tooth made from a variety of biocompatible materials, including CMC/PMC (ceramic/porcelain metal composite), gold or a
tin/aluminum mixture. The underlying tooth
must be reshaped to accommodate these xed
restorations

Fiberotomy a procedure to sever the bers

around a tooth, preventing it from relapsing.
Periodontics
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Veneers articial coverings similar to

above, except that they only cover the forward
(labial or buccal) surface of the tooth. Usually
for aesthetic purposes only.

2 Professional dental care

See also: Oral hygiene

Bridges a xed prothesis in which two or Regular tooth cleaning by a dental professional is recommore crowns are connected together, which re- mended to remove tartar (mineralized plaque) that may
place a missing tooth or teeth through a bridge. develop even with careful brushing and ossing, espeTypically used after an extraction.
cially in areas of the mouth that are dicult to clean. Pro Implants a procedure in which a tita- fessional cleaning includes tooth scaling and tooth polnium implant is surgically placed in the bone ishing, as well as debridement if too much tartar has ac(mandible or maxilla), allowed to heal, and 4 cumulated. This involves the use of various instruments
6 months later an articial tooth is connected and/or devices to loosen and remove tartar from the teeth.
1

EXTERNAL LINKS

Oral and maxillofacial surgery

Surgery
Tooth extraction
Wisdom tooth

6 References
7 External links
Dental hygienist polishing a patients teeth

Most dental hygienists recommend having the teeth professionally cleaned at least every six months .
More frequent cleaning and examination may be necessary during the treatment of many dierent dental/oral
disorders or due to recent surgical procedures such as
dental implants. Routine examination of the teeth by a
dental professional is recommended at least every year.
This may include yearly, select dental X-rays. See also
dental plaque identication procedure and removal.

Dental instruments and restorative materials

Main articles: Dental instruments and Dental restorative

materials

Dental anesthesia

Main article: Dental anesthesia

Dentists inject anesthetic to block sensory transmission
by the alveolar nerves. The superior alveolar nerves are
not usually anesthetized directly because they are dicult
to approach with a needle. For this reason, the maxillary
teeth are usually anesthetized locally by inserting the needle beneath the oral mucosa surrounding the teeth. The
inferior alveolar nerve is probably anesthetized more often than any other nerve in the body. To anesthetize this
nerve, the dentist inserts the needle somewhat posterior
to the patients last molar.

See also
Dentistry

A Number of Conditions which May Require Oral

Surgery

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

8.1

Text

Dental surgery Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgery?oldid=626895495 Contributors: Rsabbatini, Ronz, WhisperToMe,

Jni, Everyking, Alison, Moogle10000, Gscshoyru, Discospinster, Orbital, Bobo192, Arcadian, Espoo, 119, Wouterstomp, Katefan0, Mel
Etitis, Woohookitty, Dozenist, Graham87, TheDJ, Topstar, RussBot, Gaius Cornelius, Speedoight, SmackBot, Snowmanradio, TastyPoutine, Lesion, Iggy402, Applemana2, Opelio, Hermant patel, Annekcm, GuyQuest, Acroterion, JamesBWatson, Adrian J. Hunter,
JaGa, R'n'B, All Is One, Jamesontai, Je G., Alesnormales, BlueCanary9999, H. Carver, 51fty, Flyer22, Jwri7474, Joedoedoe, ClueBot, Achilles.g, Dekisugi, Dentistben, Dentdude, GB fan, Loriusgr, Bellow to enjoy2, Udaymengane, ClueBot NG, TheMage25, MrBill3,
Yasht101, Cerestwist, Dr.Gray40, Brettsalt and Anonymous: 29

8.2

Images

File:Dentistry_stub.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Dentistry_stub.svg License: CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.52.0-1.0 Contributors: Based upon tooth section shown in Image:ToothSection.jpg Original artist: Ch1902 vectorized, Asbestos raster
File:Merge-arrow.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Merge-arrow.svg License: Public domain Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
File:Question_book-new.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/99/Question_book-new.svg License: ? Contributors:
Created from scratch in Adobe Illustrator. Based on Image:Question book.png created by User:Equazcion Original artist:
Tkgd2007
File:Tooth_polishing_9332.JPG Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Tooth_polishing_9332.JPG License:
CC-BY-2.5 Contributors: ? Original artist: ?

8.3

Content license

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0