5 cm
18 kg
1.5 m
5.6 kg
At what rate are the two masses accelerating when they pass each other?
Correct answer: 5.14915 m/s2 .
Explanation:
Let : R = 4.5 cm ,
m1 = 5.6 kg ,
m2 = 18 kg ,
h = 1.5 m , and
v = R.
m2 g
5.6 kg
m1 g
18 kg
m2 g T = m2 a
(2)
a=
T = m1 (g + a)
= (5.6 kg) (9.8 m/s2 + 5.14915 m/s2 )
= 83.7153 N .
Tx
Mb
Ma
and
Tx > Ma g correct
2. Ty = Mb g
and
Tx < Ma g
3. Ty > Mb g
and
Tx = Ma g
4. Ty = Mb g
and
Tx > Ma g
5. Ty > Mb g
and
Tx > Ma g
6. Ty = Mb g
and
Tx = Ma g
7. Ty < Mb g
and
Tx < Ma g
8. Ty > Mb g
and
Tx < Ma g
9. Ty < Mb g
and
Tx = Ma g
(2)
Ty = Mb (g a) < Mb g .
Explanation:
The magnitude of the tension in the string
is the same at all points along the string:
T Ty = Tx .
Ma
Mb g
Ty
Mb
Ma g
Ty
Tz
Tx
Tz = Ty + Tx
= Mb (g a) + Ma (g + a)
= Mb g + Ma g (Mb Ma ) a
< Mb g + Ma g
004 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points
What is the magnitude of the acceleration of
the center of mass of the system?
1.
Mb + Ma
g
Mb Ma
What is the tension T1 in the string between the two blocks on the left-hand side
of the pulley? The acceleration of gravity is
9.8 m/s2 .
1. T1 = (3 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) correct
11
2. T1 =
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
3
7
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
3. T1 =
2
8
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
4. T1 =
3
17
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
5. T1 =
6
7
6. T1 =
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
3
13
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
7. T1 =
6
19
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
8. T1 =
6
5
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
9. T1 =
2
10
kg (9.8 m/s2 )
10. T1 =
3
Explanation:
Let :
23.4 m
R = 23.4 m ,
m1 = 2 kg ,
m2 = 1 kg ,
m3 = 9 kg , and
h = 1.4 m .
T2
T3
9 kg
m3 g
2 kg
1 kg
T1
9 kg
2 kg
m2 g
1.4 m
m1 g
T3
1 kg
T1
T1
T2
1. a1 =
2. a1 =
3. a1 =
4. a1 =
5. a1 =
(1)
(2)
6. a1 =
7. a1 =
8. a1 =
9. a1 =
T + m3 g = m3 a .
10. a1 =
(3)
1
(9.8 m/s2 )
3
1
(9.8 m/s2 ) correct
2
1
(9.8 m/s2 )
6
3
(9.8 m/s2 )
4
1
(9.8 m/s2 )
12
7
(9.8 m/s2 )
12
5
(9.8 m/s2 )
12
5
(9.8 m/s2 )
6
1
(9.8 m/s2 )
4
2
(9.8 m/s2 )
3
a=
(5)
Explanation:
The acceleration is the same for every mass
(a a1 ), since the string is inextensible.
keywords:
007 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
A pulley is massless and frictionless. The
masses 3 kg, 3 kg, and 7 kg are suspended as
in the figure.
22.7 cm
T2
T1 m1 g = m1 a ,
T3
3 kg
4.3 m
T1
7 kg
T T1 m2 g = m2 a ,
3 kg
What is the tension T1 in the string between the two blocks on the left-hand side
of the pulley? The acceleration of gravity is
9.8 m/s2 .
Explanation:
Let : R = 22.7 cm ,
m1 = 3 kg ,
m2 = 3 kg ,
m3 = 7 kg , and
h = 4.3 m .
m3 m1 m2
g
m1 + m2 + m3
7 kg 3 kg 3 kg
(9.8 m/s2 )
=
3 kg + 3 kg + 7 kg
= 0.753846 m/s2 .
a=
T1
7 kg
T3
m3 g
T2
3 kg
m2 g
3 kg
m1 g
T1
T1 = m1 (a + g)
= (3 kg) (0.753846 m/s2 + 9.8 m/s2 )
= 31.6615 N .
0 + m1 g = m2 g +
(m1 m2 ) g =
1
1
m1 v 2 + m2 v 2
2
2
1
(m1 + m2 ) v 2
2
Therefore
v=
8.2 kg
(m1 m2 )
2g
(m1 + m2 )
8.2 kg 3.5 kg
8.2 kg + 3.5 kg
q
2 (9.8 m/s2 )(6.7 m)
= 7.26309 m/s .
6.7 m
keywords:
3.5 kg
Use conservation of energy to determine
the final speed of the masses after the heavier
mass has fallen (starting from rest) 6.7 m .The
acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
22.2 cm
Explanation:
2.5 kg
Let : m1 = 8.2 kg ,
m2 = 3.5 kg ,
= 6.7 m .
1.62 kg
and
3.8 m
8.2 kg
1.21 kg
3.5 kg
m2 g
m1 g
Explanation:
Let the figure represent the initial configuration of the pulley system (before m1 falls
down).
From conservation of energy
K i + Ui = K f + Uf
Let : m = 2.5 kg ,
R = 22.2 cm = 0.222 m ,
m1 = 1.21 kg ,
m2 = 1.62 kg , and
h = 3.8 m .
Consider the free body diagrams
T1
a
m1 g
38 cm
Multiplying by
cw = I
1
a
1
2
= mra
mr
2
r
2
2
gives
r
m a = 2 T1 2 T2
= 2 (m1 m2 ) g 2 (m1 + m2 ) a
2 (m1 m2 ) g
a=
m + 2 m1 + 2 m2
2 (1.21 kg 1.62 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
=
2.5 kg + 2 (1.21 kg) + 2 (1.62 kg)
= 0.984804 m/s2 .
011 10.0 points
Consider two masses of 3.2 kg and 7.9 kg
connected by a string passing over a pulley
having a moment of inertia 9.9 g m2 about
its axis of rotation, as in the figure below.
The string does not slip on the pulley, and the
system is released from rest. The radius of
the pulley is 0.27 m.
7.9 kg
3.2 kg
T1 r T2 r =
ccw
Explanation:
T1
1
m r 2 and
2
T2
Fnet = m2 a = T2 m2 g
T2 = m2 a + m2 g .
m2 g
3.2 kg
Fnet = m1 a = m1 g T1
T1 = m1 g m1 a
net =
7.9 kg
The net acceleration a = r is in the direction of the heavier mass m1 . For the mass
m1 ,
0.27 m
9.9 g m2
1.21 kg
m2 g
1.62 kg
m1 g
T2
If we neglect friction in the system, the mechanical energy is constant and the increase
in kinetic energy equals the decrease in potential energy. Since Ki = 0 (the system is
initially at rest), the masses have a common
speed and v = R ,
T3
K = Kf Ki
1
1
1
= m1 v 2 + m2 v 2 + I 2 ,
2
2
2
v 2
1
1
1
= m1 v 2 + m2 v 2 + I
2
2
R
2
1
I
=
m1 + m2 + 2 v 2 .
2
R
From the figure, we see that m2 loses potential
energy while m1 gains potential energy; i.e.,
U2 = m2 g h and U1 = m1 g h. Applying
the principle of conservation of energy in the
form
K + U1 + U2 = 0
15 cm
T2
71 kg
T1
46 kg
2.9 m
21 kg
What is the magnitude of the tension T1 ?
The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
Assume up is positive.
Correct answer: 255.995 N.
Explanation:
1
I
m1 + m2 + 2 v 2 = m2 g h m1 g h .
2
R
T1
m1
m1 g
T2
M2
M2 g
= 1.76509 m/s .
and
v
u 2 (m m ) g h
2
1
.
v=u
t
I
m1 + m2 + 2
R
v
u 2 (7.9 kg 3.2 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
u
=u
t
0.0099 kg m2
3.2 kg + 7.9 kg +
(0.27 m)2
0.38 m
Let : M2 = 46 kg ,
m1 = 21 kg ,
Mp = 71 kg ,
= 2.9 m .
T1 m1 g = m1 a
T1 = m1 (g + a)
M2 g T2 = M2 a
T2 = M2 (g a)
(1)
(2)
1
a
and since and I = Mp r 2 for a disk,
r
2
the equation of motion for the torque is
Explanation:
I = (T2 T1 ) r
= [M2 (g a) m1 (g + a)] r
1
a
Mp r 2
= [(M2 m1 ) g (M2 + m1 ) a] r
2
r
Let :
M = 2 kg ,
R = 20.4 cm ,
m1 = 1.07 kg ,
m2 = 1.56 kg ,
h = 4.5 m , and
v = R.
a=
m1 g
1.07 kg
m2 g
T1 = m1 (g + a)
(1)
2
2
= (21 kg) (9.8 m/s + 2.39024 m/s )
= 255.995 N .
T1
T2
1.56 kg
Thus
20.4 cm
2 kg
net =
1.56 kg
4.5 m
1.07 kg
What is the magnitude of the linear acceleration of the hanging masses? The acceleration
of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
Correct answer: 1.03715 m/s2 .
ccw
T1 r T2 r = (m r 2 )
cw = I
a
= mra
r
m a = T1 T2
m a = (m1 m2 ) g (m1 + m2 ) a
m a + (m1 + m2 ) a = (m1 m2 ) g
10
(m1 m2 ) g
m + m1 + m2
(1.07 kg 1.56 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
=
2 kg + 1.07 kg + 1.56 kg
I = mpulley r 2 and
= 1.03715 m/s2 .
a=
net = I = m r 2
(1)
T2 r2 T3 r2 = m2 r2 a
m2 a = T2 T3 .
(2)
m4
= mra
m2
m3
T1 r1 T2 r1 = m1 r1 a
m1 a = T1 T2
T3
T1
m1
a
m3
m4
m3g
m4g
and
m4 a = T3 m4 g .
Explanation:
(3)
(4)
m1
r1
m2
r2
m3
m4
= 2.3 kg ,
= 22.75 cm ,
= 2.7 kg ,
= 34.57 cm ,
= 1.87 kg , and
= 1.39 kg .
T1
m3
(m3 m4 ) g
m1 + m2 + m3 + m4
(1.87 kg 1.39 kg) (9.8 m/s2 )
=
2.3 kg + 2.7 kg + 1.87 kg + 1.39 kg
a=
= 0.569492 m/s2 .
T2
m1 r1
m1 a + m2 a + m3 a + m4 a = m3 g m4 g
m2r2
a
T3
m4
The net acceleration a = r is in the direction of the heavier mass m3 . Each pulleys mass is concentrated on the rim, so