Find the real root of equation x3 2x 5 = 0 by the method of regula-falsi position, correct to three decimal

places.
Answer:
Let f(x) = x3 2x 5
Then,
f (1) = 1-2-5 = -6 < 0
f (2) = 8-4-5 = -1 < 0
f (3) = 27-6-5 = 16 > 0
Hence a root lies between 2 and 3.
Take x1 = 2, x2 = 3, f (x1) = -1, f (x2) = 16, in the method of false position, we get
X3 = x1 f (x1) (x2-x1) / f (x2) f (x1) = 2 (-1) (3 - 2) / 16 (-1) = 2 + 1/17 = 2.0588
Now, f (x3) = f (2.0588) = (2.0588) ^3 2 X 2.0588 5 = -0.3908 < 0.
Since f (2.0588) < 0 we have that root lies between 2.0588 and 3.0
Replace x1 by x3, and generate the next approximation using the formula,
X4 = x3 - f (x3) (x2-x3) / f (x2) f (x3) = 2.0588 (-0.3908) (3 2.0588) / 16 (-0.3908) = 2.0813
Repeating this process, the successive approximation are x5 = 2.0862, x6 = 2.0915, x7 = 2.0934, x8 = 2.0941, etc.
Hence the root x = 2.094 correct to three decimal places.

Find the rank of the matrix using elementary row transformation.

1

Answer:
Rank of matrix A <= {3, 4} = 3

2 R1

1 R2

5 R3

Perform, R2 = R2 2R1, R3 = R3 - R1, Then

1

0 -1 -1 -3
0

Perform, R2 = (-1) R2, Then

1

Perform, R3 = R3 - R2, Then

Hence the Rank of matrix A is 2 by using elementary row transformation.

Find all the Eigen values and the corresponding Eigen vectors of the matrix:
8 -6
-6

7 -4

2 -4

Answer:
Characteristic equation of A is [A I] = 0 Where,

Therefore,
8- -6

-6 7- -4
2

-4 3-

Expanding we get,
(8 - ) [(7 - ) (3 - ) - 16]+6[- 6(3- ) + 8] +2[24 - 2 (7- )] = 0
- 3 + 18 2 - 45 = 0
That is, 3 - 18 2 + 45 = 0 on simplification.
( - 3) ( - 15) = 0
Therefore = 0, 3, 15 are the given Eigen values of A.
If x, y, z be the components of Eigen vector corresponding to the Eigen value , then we have

8- -6
(A - I)X

That is,

-6 7- -4

-4 3-

(8 - ) x 6y + 2z = 0
-6x + (7 ) 4z = 0
2x 4y + (3 - )z = 0

0
=

0
0

Let = 0 we have
8x-6y+2z=0 ------- (1), -6x+7y-4z = 0 ------- (2), 2x-4y+3z = 0 ------ (3)
Applying the rule of cross multiplication for (1) and (2),
x

-y

-6

-6

-4

-6

-4

-6

X / 24-14 = -y / -32+12 = z / 56-36

X / 10 = -y / -20 = z / 20 or x / 1= y / 2 = z / 2
Thus the Eigen vector X1 corresponding to the Eigen value = 0 is,
1
2
2

Let = 3 then the corresponding equation are:

5x-6y+2z = 0 ------ (4)
-6x+4y-4z = 0 ------ (5)
2x-4y-1z = 0 ------ (6)
From equation (4) and (5) and solving we have Eigen vector corresponding to = 3,

2
1
-2

Let = 15 and corresponding equations are:

-7x-6y+2z = 0 ------- (7)
-6x-8y-4z = 0 ------- (8)
2x-4y-12z = 0 -------- (9)
From equation (7) and (8) and solving we have Eigen vector corresponding to = 15,

2
-2
1

Given that

x
y

1
7.989

1.1
8.403

1.2
8.781

1.3
9.129

1.4
9.451

1.5
9.75

Find dy / dx and d2y / dx2 at:

X = 1.1
X = 1.6 using Newtons forward difference formulae.
Answer:
The difference table is,
x
y
1
7.989
1.1
8.8403
1.2
8.781
1.3
9.129
1.4
9.451
1.5
9.75
1.6
10.031

0.414
0.378
0.348
0.322
0.299
0.281

2
-0.036
-0.03
-0.026
-0.023
-0.018

3
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.005

4
-0.002
-0.001
-0.002

5
0.001
0.003

6
0.002

(a) X = 1.1
( dy / dx ) = 1/h [y0 - 1/2 2 y0 + 1/3 3 y0 1/4 4 y0+1/5 5 y0 1/6 6 y0 + . ]
( d2y / dx2 ) = 1/h2 [2 y0 - 3 y0 + 11/12 4 y0 5/6 5 y0 + 137/180 6 y0 + ]
Here,
h = 0.1, x0 = 1.0, x1 = 1.1, Then above formulae can be rewritten as:
( dy / dx ) = 1/h [y1 - 1/2 2 y1 + 1/3 3 y1 1/4 4 y1+1/5 5 y1 1/6 6 y1 + . ] ( 1 )
( d2y / dx2 ) = 1/h2 [2 y1 - 3 y1 + 11/12 4 y1 5/6 5 y1 + 137/180 6 y1 + ] ( 2 )
Putting values of,
y1 = .378, 2 y1 = -.030, 3 y1 = .004, 4 y1 = -.001, 5 y1 = .003 in (1) and (2) we get
( dy / dx )x=1.1 = 3.947 and,
( d2y / dx2 )x=1.1 = -3.546
(b) X = 1.6
Similarly for x = 1.6
( dy / dx )x=1.6 = 2.728 and
( d2y / dx2 )x=1.6 = -1.703 Newtons forward difference formulae.

1.6
10.031

Find f1 (3), f11 (7) and f111 (12) from the following data using Newtons General Inter-polation formula