Topic
1 ALGEBRA
1.1 Solutions of Equations
1.2 Multiplication of Polynomials
1.3 Factorisation
1.4 Solving Quadratic Equations
2 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS
2.1 Simultaneous Linear
Equations in Two Unknowns
2.2 Simultaneous Linear and Non-
Linear Equations in Two
Unknowns
3 COORDINATE GEOMETRY
3.1 Distance between Two Points
Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time
 Solve simple linear and fractional equations. 2 weeks
 Expand products of algebraic expressions.
 Factorise expressions of the form ax bx, a 2 x 2 b 2 ,
a 2 2ab b2 and ax2 bx c .
 Solve quadratic equations by factorization.
 Solve quadratic equations by use of quadratic formula.
 Solve simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns either by New Additional Mathematics 2 weeks
substitution or by elimination. Chapter 2
Additional Mathematics Chapter 5
 Solve simultaneous linear and non-linear equations in two unknowns by
substitution.
 Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of a straight line and a
curve by solving their equations simultaneously.
 Calculate the length of a line segment by using the formula New Additional Mathematics 3 weeks
x 2 x1
2
y 2 y1 .
2 Chapter 7
Additional Mathematics Chapter 7
 Solve problems on distance between two points.
1
 Topic Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time

3.2 Midpoint of the Line Joining Two  Find the midpoint of a line segment using x1 x2 y1
,
y 2 and solve
Points 2 2
problems related to the midpoint of a line segment.

3.3 Gradient of a Line  Calculate the gradient of a straight line passing through two points.
 State the gradient of a straight line from a given equation.

3.4 Equation of a Straight Line  Obtain the equation of a straight line graph in the form y = mx + c given
the gradient, m and the y-intercept, c.
 Obtain the equation of a straight line using y y1 m( x x1 ) given the
gradient and one point (x1 , y1) on the straight line.

3.5 Equations of Parallel and  State that the gradients of parallel lines are equal.
Non-Parallel Lines  Solve problems on the gradients and equations of parallel lines and non-
parallel lines.

3.6 Equations of Perpendicular Lines  State that the product of the gradients of the perpendicular lines is equal
to −1. (m1m2 1) .
 Solve problems on the gradients and equations of perpendicular lines.

3.7 Perpendicular Bisector  Write the equation of the perpendicular bisector of a given line segment
and solve problems on perpendicular bisector.

3.8 Miscellaneous Problems  Solve miscellaneous problems on coordinate geometry including finding
the coordinates of vertices of a triangle or quadrilateral, ratio of lengths
of sides and area of a triangle or trapezium.

4 INDICES / SURDS  Perform simple operations using rules of indices. New Additional Mathematics 2 weeks
 Simplify expressions and write answers as a single term e.g. write Chapter 3
4.1 Indices (Exponents) 2 3 x 2.8 x as a single term in the form of a power of 2. Additional Mathematics Chapter 4
42x 1

2
 Topic
4.2 Simple Exponential Equations
4.3 Surds
4.4 Rationalising Surds
5 LOGARITHMIC &
EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS
5.1 Logarithmic Functions
5.2 Laws of Logarithms
Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time
2 1 1 2
 Expand and simplify expressions like (a 3 b 3 )(a 3 b3 ) .
http://library.thinkquest.org/C01
10248/algebra/islsurdlaw.html
 Solve simple exponential equations a x b by using the same base or
index. http://www.purplemath.com/modul
 Solve exponential equations e.g. 22 x 3(2 x ) 2 0 by using suitable es/radicals.htm
substitution.
 Define a surd as a root that cannot be expressed as a rational number.
 Apply the rules of surds a b ab and a a to perform simple
b b
operations with surds.
 Know that the product of a surd expression and its conjugate surd gives
a rational number.
 Rationalise the denominator of simple surds like 1 , 8 , by multiplying
3 2
both numerator and denominator with the surd itself.
 Rationalise the denominator of surds like 2
,
2 3 10 by multiplying
3 2 3 1
both numerator and denominator with the conjugate surd of the
denominator.
 Solve word problems involving surds.
 Define logarithmic function as the inverse of exponential function. New Additional Mathematics 4 weeks
 Convert exponential functions to logarithmic functions and vice-versa. Chapter 3 and Chapter 19 (Graphs
 Solve simple logarithmic equations such as x log2 64 , log x 25 2 , etc. of Exponential and Logarithmic
by converting to exponential form. Functions)
Additional Mathematics Chapter 7
 State and apply the laws of logarithms to evaluate logarithmic http://www.coolmath.com/algebra/
expressions. Algebra2/06ExponentialsLogs/07_
 Apply the laws of logarithms to solve logarithmic equations. whatsalog.htm
3
 Topic
5.3 Common and Natural
Logarithms
5.4 Simultaneous Equations
Involving Exponential &
Logarithmic Functions
5.5 Change-of-Base Law
5.6 Application of Exponential &
Logarithmic Functions
5.7 Graph of Exponential &
Logarithmic Functions
Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time
 Define common logarithm as logarithm to the base 10, written as lg x.
 Define natural logarithm as logarithm to the base e, written as ln x.
 Solve equations of the form a x b by taking logarithms on both sides.
 Solve logarithmic equations involving common and natural logarithms.
 Solve exponential equations involving substitution and use of logarithms
e.g. 32 x 6(3x ) 8 0 .
 Solve simultaneous equations involving exponential functions and
logarithmic functions.
logc b
 State the change-of-base law loga b .
logc a
 Apply the change-of-base law to simplify and evaluate logarithmic
expressions.
 Apply the change-of-base law to solve logarithmic equations.
 Solve word problems involving exponential and logarithmic functions. Use Graphmatica software or
graphic calculator to investigate
the graphs of exponential and
 Draw the basic graph of exponential and logarithmic functions, logarithmic functions.
y = e x and y = ln x.
 Explain the characteristic of the two graphs.
 Recognize that since y = ln x is the inverse function of y = e x , thus the
graph of y = ln x is the reflection of the graph of y = e x in the line y = x.
 Sketch or draw the graph of exponential and logarithmic functions and
use it to solve equations graphically.
4
 Topic
6 FUNCTIONS
6.1 Introduction to Functions
6.2 Composite Functions
6.3 Inverse Functions
6.4 Absolute-Valued Functions
7 FACTORS OF POLYNOMIALS
7.1 Polynomial Identities
7.2 Remainder Theorem
Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time
 Understand the terms function, domain, range (image set), one-one New Additional Mathematics 4 weeks
function, inverse function and composition of functions. Chapter 9
 Use the notation, f : x → lg x, (x 0) [read as ‘f maps x onto lg x’] , Additional Mathematics
f(x) = sin x [read as ‘f of x is equal to sin x’], f 1 (x) and f 2 (x) = f(f(x)). Chapter 2
 Form composite functions.
 Know that fg gf , f 2 ( x) ( f ( x))2 .
http://www.coolmath.com/algebra/
 Explain in words why a given function is a function or why it does not Algebra2/05InverseFuncs/02_one-
have an inverse. to-one.htm
 Find the inverse of a one-one function and of a composite function. Use Graphmatica software to
 Use sketch graphs to show the relationship between a function and its investigate the relationship
inverse. between a function and its inverse.
 Understand and use the relationship between y = f(x) and y = f(x) , Use Graphmatica software or
where f(x) may be linear, quadratic or trigonometric. graphic calculator to observe the
 Solve absolute-valued equations. relation between of graphs of y =
 Sketch the graphs of the absolute-valued functions. f(x) and y = f(x) .
 Recognise polynomials and know the terms: coefficient, constant term, New Additional Mathematics 3 weeks
degree of a polynomial and polynomial identity. Chapter 5
 Find unknowns in an identity. New Additional Mathematics
Chapter 6
 Find the remainder when a polynomial f(x) is divided by (ax+b) using
long division, then use the Remainder Theorem to evaluate f ( b ) .
a
 Evaluate unknowns using the Remainder Theorem.
5
 Topic
7.3 Factor Theorem
7.4 Solving Cubic Equations
8 QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS
AND EQUATIONS
8.1 Maximum/ Minimum Value of a
Quadratic Expression
8.2 Roots of a Quadratic Equation
8.3 Quadratic Inequalities
Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time
 Determine if (ax + b) is a factor by testing if f ( b ) 0 . http://www.purplemath.com/
a modules/polydiv3.htm
 Find one factor for f(x) by trial and error. Find the other factors either by long
division or by inspection.
 Solve f(x) = 0 and if the resulting quadratic factor cannot be factorised further, then
use the quadratic formula.
 Write f: x → ax2 + bx + c in the completed square form f: x → a(x – h)2 + k. New Additional Mathematics 3 weeks
 Find the maximum or minimum point of the quadratic function Chapter 4
f: x → ax2 + bx + c by using the completed square form or any other method. Additional Mathematics
 Sketch the graph of f(x) and describe the properties of the parabola. Chapter 3
 Determine the range of f(x) for a given domain.
http://www.coolmath.com/al
 State the conditions with respect to the discriminant b 4ac for a quadratic
2 gebra/Algebra1/11Quadratic
equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 to have (i) two real and distinct roots, (ii) two real and s/07_intrographing.htm to
equal roots, or (iii) no real roots. ...Quadratics/17....
 Determine the nature of the roots of a quadratic equation.
 State the conditions when a given line (i) intersects a given curve at two points,
b 2 4ac 0 , (ii) is a tangent to a given curve, b 2 4ac 0 , or (iii) does not Use Graphmatica software
or graphic calculator to
intersect a given curve, b 2 4ac 0 . investigate the coordinates
 Solve problems related to the condition that b 2 4ac = 0 given that the roots of the of the maximum or minimum
quadratic equation are real and equal or that a line is a tangent to a curve. points in relation to the
values of h and k in the
 Find the solution set for quadratic inequalities. function
 Solve quadratic inequalities formed using conditions related to b 2 4ac 0 (when f: x → a(x – h)2 + k.
the roots are real), b 2 4ac 0 or b 2 4ac 0 .
http://www.purplemath.com/
modules/ineqquad.htm
6
 Topic Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time

9 BINOMIAL EXPANSIONS

9.1 The Binomial Expansion of  Identify a binomial as an algebraic expression that contains two terms. New Additional Mathematics 2 weeks
( 1 + b) n where n is a  Write out expansions for (1+ b)n for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and show that the Chapter 14
positive integer binomial coefficients, when arranged, form the Pascal’s Triangle. Additional Mathematics
 Use the notations n!, and nCr or n . Chapter 12
r
http://mathforum.org/dr.m
n n!
 Evaluate nCr using the formula or by using the calculator directly. ath/faq/faq.pascal.triangl
r (n r )! r! e.html
 Write out the expansion of (1 + b)n using the general term nCr br.
www.acts.tinet.ie/introduc
 Perform expansion of (a + b)n and (ax + b)n by applying the binomial theorem tiontothebinom_674.html
9.2 The Binomial Expansion of n n1 n n 2 2 n n r r
( a b) n an a b a b ... a b ... b n .
( a + b) n 1 2 r
www.themathpage.com/a
 State the properties of the expansion of (a b) n such as the general term is PreCalc/binomial-
n n r r theorem.htm
a b , the number of terms is n + 1 and the sum of powers of a and b in each
r
www.acts.tinet.ie/Binomialt
term is n. heorem
n n r r
 Use the general term a b or list out the terms in the expansion of (px + q)(ax
r
+ b)n to find a specific term.
 Evaluate unknowns in the given expansions.

10 CIRCULAR MEASURE  Define 1 radian as the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc equal in New Additional Mathematics
2 weeks
length to the radius. Chapter 12
10.1 Radian Measure  State the relationship between an angle in radians and in degrees. Additional Mathematics
Chapter 97
10.2 Arc Length and Area of a 1 2
 State that Arc Length s = r and Area of Sector = r , where is in radians or
Sector 2
1
Area of Sector = rs .
2

7
 Topic
10.3 Problems Related to
Circular Measure
11 TRIGONOMETRY
11.1 Trigonometric Ratios
11.2 General Angles and
Trigonometric Ratios of Any
Angle
11.3 Graphs of the Sine, Cosine
and Tangent Functions
Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time
 Find the arc length and area of sector.
 Solve problems involving finding the arc length, area of sector, chord length, area of
segment and angle of a sector.
 Solve problems involving circular measure including the use of geometry and
trigonometry.
 Define the three basic trigonometric functions of sine, cosine and tangent.
New Additional Mathematics 5 weeks
 Evaluate the three basic trigonometric functions of acute angles in right-angled
Chapters 10 and 11
triangles with two sides given. Additional Mathematics
Chapter 10
 Find the exact values of trigonometric functions of special angles of 30o, 45o and
60o (useful to know but not compulsory to memorise).
www.acts.tinet.ie/trigonom
etry_645.html
 Determine the location of any angle in the four quadrants and hence determine
the sign of the trigonometric functions in the four quadrants using S A .
T C
 Determine the trigonometric function of any angle by expressing it in terms of its
basic/principal angle and writing the correct sign.
 Solve basic trigonometric equations by identifying the quadrant the angle x lies in,
the basic angle and the value of x in the required interval.
 Sketch the graph of the sine, cosine and tangent functions for the domain in Use Graphmatica software
degrees or in radians in terms of . or graphic calculator to
 State the properties of the sine, cosine and tangent functions in terms of its range, study the properties of the
maximum and minimum values. graphs of the Sine, Cosine
 State the amplitude and periodicity of the graphs and know the relationship and Tangent Functions
between graphs of y = sin x and y = 2 sin x, between
y = sin x and y = sin 2x.
 Draw and use the graphs of y= a sin(bx) + c, y= a cos(bx) + c,
y = a tan(bx) + c where a, b and c are constants.
 Determine the number of solutions to trigonometric equations in a given interval by
using the graphical method.
8
 Topic Learning Outcomes Resources/Activities Time

11.4 Reciprocal of Trigonometric  Define secant, cosecant and cotangent as reciprocals of cosine, sine and tangent
Functions functions.
 Evaluate expressions and solve simple equations involving the three reciprocal
functions.

11.5 Simple Trigonometric sin A cos A

 State and use the identities tan A and cot A .
Identities cos A sin A
 Apply the identities sin2 A + cos2 A 1, sec2 A 1 + tan2 A , cosec2 A 1+
cot2 A to prove other simple trigonometric identities.

11.6 Trigonometric Equations
 Apply the above identities to solve trigonometric equations by
(i) reducing to the basic form e.g. sin x = k, sin(ax + b) = k,
(ii) factorisation,
(iii) substitution using one of the identities.
 Solve trigonometric equations where the angles are in radians.

Text books
1. New Additional Mathematics (Ho Soo Thong & Khor Nyak Hiong)
2. Additional Mathematics (H H Heng, JF Talbert)