PURPOSE
This guide was developed by Val-Matic Valve and Manufacturing Corporation as a
convenience to its customers and should be utilized only as a guide for the
selection of valve materials. Mixtures and other chemical concentrations of
chemicals are beyond the scope of this guide. Performance of materials in existing
systems also offer valuable information in predicting valve performance.
Information given in the table consist of the maximum recommended temperature
for the listed material in F or a letter designating:
A
B
C
blank
=
=
=
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dampening properties and is easily machined. It is standard material for bodies and bonnets of
ANSI Class 125 and 250 valves. Gray iron has corrosion resistance that is improved over steel in
certain environments.
Ductile Iron has a chemical composition similar to gray iron, but special treatment during the
casting process enhances its metallurgical graphite structure to yield higher mechanical properties
and improved ductility similar to steel. It is standard material for bodies and bonnets of ANSI Class
150 and 300 valves
Bronze is one of the first copper alloys developed in the bronze age and is generally accepted as
the industry standard for pressure-rated bronze valves and fittings. Bronze has a higher strength
than pure copper, is easily cast, has improved machinability, and is very easily joined by soldering
or brazing. Bronze is very resistant to pitting corrosion, with general resistance to most chemicals
less than that of pure copper. Historically, bronze alloys have contained lead to improve
machinability and leak tightness, but recently are being improved with the release of lead-free alloys
for drinking water applications.
Aluminum Bronze is the most widely accepted disc material used in many valves for liquid service.
Aluminum bronze is heat treatable and has the strength of steel. Formation of an aluminum oxide
layer on exposed surfaces makes this metal very corrosion resistant.
304 SS is basic 18% chromium, 8% nickel austenitic stainless steel commonly used for valve trim.
Its .08 max carbon content reduces intergranular corrosion usually associated with carbide
precipitation that can occur during welding. It offers excellent resistance to a wide range of
corrosives and atmospheric exposures.
17-4 PH SS is similar to 304 SS except it is capable of being heat treated, doubling its strength and
making it a good choice for high performance valve trim. 17-4 PH withstands corrosive attack better
than any of the 400 series stainless steels and in most conditions its corrosion resistance closely
approaches that of 300 series stainless steel. 17-4 PH is primarily used as a stem material for high
pressure butterfly and ball valves.
316 SS is chemically similar to 304 SS except with the addition of molybdenum providing better
corrosion and pitting resistance and higher strength at elevated temperatures. It is non-magnetic
with greater ductility than 400SS. 316SS has excellent corrosion resistance in a wide range of
environments, is not susceptible to stress corrosion cracking, and is not affected by heat treatment.
Most common uses in valves are stem, body and ball materials.
Nitronic 60 is a high-performance stainless steel alloy with excellent gall and wear resistance with
corrosion resistance falls between 304SS and 316SS but with approximately twice the yield
strength. Nitronic 60 is used fro valve trim when extreme wear resistance or strength is required.
Monel is a nickel-copper alloy used primarily as interior trim on valves. It is one of the most
specified materials for corrosion resistance to sea and salt water. Monel is also very resistant to
strong caustic solutions.
Inconel is nickel-copper-molybdenum alloy with excellent corrosion resistance in a wide range of
corrosive media and is especially resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Like Monel, it is a
favorable choice for seawater applications but with far greater strength.
EPDM
Viton
Hypalon
Natural Rubber
Teflon
Nylon
Carbon Steel
Nickel
Cast Iron
Bronze
Alum. Bronze
304 SS
17-4 PH SS
316 SS
Nitronic 60
Monel
Inconel
25%
METALS
Neoprene
Acetic Acid
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
140
200
350
Acetic Anhydride
70
200
350
Acetone
130
350
70
200
Acetyl Chloride
Acetylene
Aluminum Acetate
Alum
10%
Aluminum Chloride
185
200
140
70
200 200
70
70
250
70
200
70
350
70
70
275
70
70
280
Aluminum Fluoride
250
Aluminum Hydroxide
70
70
250
200
Aluminum Nitrate
70
250
500
Ammonia Anhydrous
100 200
250
70
Ammonia Liquid
70
70
400
70
400
50
70
400
70
70
400
70
Ammonium Bifluoride
Ammonium Carbonate
Ammonium Chloride
Ammonium Hydroxide
210
400
70
Ammonium Nitrate
30%
70
210
70
200
400
70
50
Ammonium Phosphate
400
70
Ammonium Sulfate
400
70
Ammonium Sulfite
350
200
70
Aniline
140
70
200
Aniline Hydrochloride
1185
212
Arsenic Acid
400
70
Barium Carbonate
70
400
Barium Chloride
70
400 190
Barium Hydroxide
70
400
70
200
Barium Nitrate
250
Barium Sulfate
70
400
Barium Sulfide
70
400
50
Beer
70
70
300 140
Benzene
Benzyl Alcohol
Black Liquor
Bleach
5%
Borax
Boric Acid
Brine
Bromine Water
70
70
150
250 100
200
50
140
400
180
70
180 200
70
225
140 185
70
200
300
70
185
70
50
70
400
300
50
C
A
Inconel
Monel
Nitronic 60
140
Butyl Alcohol
316 SS
Butyl Acetate
17-4 PH SS
350
304 SS
Alum. Bronze
Teflon
Bronze
Natural Rubber
185
Cast Iron
Hypalon
Nickel
Viton
140
Carbon Steel
EPDM
METALS
Nylon
Neoprene
Butadiene
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
200
175 140
300
300
A
A
Butylene
70
100
400
Butyl Stearate
100
185
250
140
70
300
350
70
350
Butyric Acid
Calcium Bisulfite
70
70
Calcium Carbonate
100
70
210 300
70
Calcium Chlorate
70
70
140 185
70
350
Calcium Chloride
350
70
300
Calcium Hydroxide
140
250 120
Calcium Hypochlorite
70
185 200
200
Calcium Nitrate
70
70
200
70
Calcium Sulfate
200
200
Camphor
100
Cane Sugar
210 250
70
350
A
400
400
150
70
70
Carbonic Acid
180
70
Castor Oil
140 100
Carbitol
70
Carbon Dioxide
wet
Carbon Monoxide
gas
Carbon Tetrachloride
Caustic Soda-NaOH
20%
Chloramine
5%
Chloric Acid
10%
Chlorinated Water
Chlorinated Water
Chlorine
70
70
20
400
70
185
350
200
210 200
70
350
70
10
160 180
B
100
140
10ppm 140
Sat
70
140 150
350
350
450
140
70
350
70
200
C
A
140 200
140
300
50
210 185
400
70
185
400
70
200
200
Chlorobenzene
70
200
Chloroform
70
200
Chlorosulfonic Acid
200
Chloroacetic Acid
Chromic Acid
Liq
50%
10%
Citric Acid
Coconut Oil
Coffee
Coke Oven Gas
5%
100 140
350
70
200
70
100
400
100
B
70
185
140 200
70
185 140
Copper Acetate
Copper Chloride
A
400
350
C
350
C
C
Corn Oil
180
Cottonseed Oil
180
Creosote
73
Cresylic Acid
Crude Oil
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanone
Inconel
Monel
300
400
185 200
400
73
73
350
185
200
70
200
400 100
185
300
70
200
400
Dextrose
Diacetone Alcohol
Diesel Fuel
70
Diethylamine
70
Dimethyl Formamide
Disodium Phosphate
C
C
Detergents
Dioxane
A
A
Nitronic 60
316 SS
17-4 PH SS
5%
304 SS
Carbon Steel
C
Alum. Bronze
Nylon
C
Bronze
Teflon
350
Nickel
Natural Rubber
Viton
EPDM
Neoprene
Cast Iron
Copper Sulfate
25%
Copper Nitrate
METALS
Hypalon
Copper Cyanide
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
70
183
70
100
100
100
70
210
70
140
400
200
350
70
350
200
250
70
400
Ether
Ethyl Acetate
70
200
180
70
170
200
300
70
200
Ethyl Benzene
70
350
200
Ethyl Chloride
140
70
350
Ethylene Bromide
350
Ethylene Chloride
70
350
Ethylene Dichloride
120
350
70
Ethylene Glycol
Ethylene Oxide
Fatty Acids
Ferric Chloride
140 140
sat
Ferric Hydroxide
400
70
185
400
70
400
400
Ferric Nitrate
400
70
Ferric Sulfate
200
70
Ferrous Chloride
180
400
Ferrous Nitrate
Ferrous Sulfate
5%
200 200
400
B
400
Fish Oil
70
300
Flue Gas
180
300
Fluoboric Acid
Florine
70
100
350
50
Nickel
Cast Iron
Bronze
Alum. Bronze
304 SS
17-4 PH SS
316 SS
Nitronic 60
Monel
Inconel
Hypalon
Viton
EPDM
Neoprene
Carbon Steel
40%
Formic Acid
Nylon
Formaldehyde
Teflon
25%
METALS
Natural Rubber
Fluosilicic Acid
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
300
50
140 140
200
300
200
140 200
70
300
200
70
Freon
70
130
300
Fructose
300
300
Furfural
70
140
70
Gallic Acid
70
70
185
70
300
Gasoline
70
100
70
200
Gasahol
70
100
70
200
Gelatin
300
70
120
Glucose
400
Glue
400 120
Glycerin
70
400
Glycol
70
300
70
200
Grease
150 100
200
Gypsum
350
Heptane
70
300
Glycolic Acid
70
185
70
Hexanol
70
160
70
Hydraulic Oil
160
70
250
70
300
Hydrazine
70
70
70
250
Hydrobromic Acid
20%
Hydrochloric Acid
35%
Hydrocyanic Acid
10%
70
Hydrofluoric Acid
20%
Hydrogen
Gas
Hydrogen Peroxide
50%
Hydrogen Sulfide
Gas
Hydrogen Sulfide
Wet
70
70
70
Ink
Iodine
Hydroquinone
Hypochlorous Acid
10%
250
70
250
100 100
250
50
70
150 150
300
300 120
300
70
70
140
70
70
185
300
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
Isobutyl Alcohol
70
70
70
70
5%
70
Isobutane
Isooctane
300
300
70
200
140
70
300
185 200
70
300
70
200
140 140
C
300
Isopropyl Acetate
70
Isopropyl Alcohol
70
70
300
Isopropyl Ether
70
140
70
70
185
200
Lactic Acid
25%
210 200
Inconel
Monel
140
Ketones
Nitronic 60
Ketchup
316 SS
250
17-4 PH SS
304 SS
Alum. Bronze
Teflon
300
Bronze
Natural Rubber
Cast Iron
Hypalon
70
Nickel
Viton
140
Carbon Steel
EPDM
Kerosene
CHEMICAL
METALS
Nylon
Neoprene
Buna-N
CONCENTRATION
A
A
250
200 120
140
70
70
140
300
Lard Oil
140
70
85
300
70
Latex
70
100
70
70
200
70
Lead Acetate
70
160 210
100
300
Lead Nitrate
70
300
Lead Sulfate
Lemon Oil
Lime Slurry
140
70
300
200 100
300
70
160
140
300
250 200
300
Linoleic Acid
Linseed Oil
180
70
Lithium Chloride
70
70
Lubricating Oil
180
70
Magnesium Carbonate
100 140
70
125
350
70
70
225
70
Magnesium Chloride
400
70
Magnesium Hydroxide
300
150
Magnesium Nitrate
70
300
70
Magnesium Sulfate
300
70
250
250
Maleic Acid
70
200
Malic Acid
100
70
200
70
Maganese Sulfate
300 120
Mercuric Chloride
300
Mercuric Cyanide
70
70
70
70
140
70
300 120
Mercurous Nitrate
70
70
300
Mercury
300
Methane
180
300
Methanol
70
185
70
300
Methyl Acetate
300 120
Methyl Amine
70
70
100
70
70
300
Methyl Bromide
70
185
300
Methyl Chloride
70
250
70
200
70
Methyl Formate
70
100
70
Methylene Chloride
70
250
Milk
400
Mineral Oil
140
300
Molasses
Monochloroacetic Acid
50%
70
300
300 120
70
200
70
Morpholine
Naphtha
Naphthalene
Nickel
Cast Iron
Bronze
Alum. Bronze
304 SS
17-4 PH SS
316 SS
Nitronic 60
Monel
Inconel
350 120
Carbon Steel
METALS
Nylon
250
Teflon
Natural Rubber
Hypalon
Viton
180
EPDM
Neoprene
Motor Oil
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
70
70
200 120
140
150
200
200
170
250
70
400
Natural Gas
140 140
185 140
300
Nickel Chloride
400
200
Nicle; Nitrate
70
400
70
400
Nickel Sulfate
70
400
70
200
Nitric Acid
10%
Nitrobenzene
Nitrogen
Gas
70
185 100
250
70
400
300
Nitromethane
300
Nitrous Acid
100
400
Nitrous Oxide
Oleic Acid
Oleum Acid
Olive Oil
70
400
100
185
70
250
100
70
150
140 140
Oxalic Acid
B
C
150
350
70
300
Oxygen
Gas
Ozone
Gas
400
300
Palm Oil
140
70
200
Palmitic Acid
100
70
185
Peanut Oil
100
150
70
300
250
Perchloric Acid
70
70
70
70
Perchloroetylene
200
Phosphoric Acid
70
250
200
C
A
B
B
C
A
300
50
Picric Acid
10%
70
140 140
70
300
Potash-KOH
180
70
400
Potassium Bicarbonate
70
400
70
Potassium Bisulfate
70
400
Potassium Bromate
180 140
250 140
70
400
Potassium Bromide
400
70
Potassium Carbonate
400
Potassium Chlorate
400
400
70
Potassium Chromate
140
70
400
Potassium Cyanide
400
70
400
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium Permanganate
Potassium Chloride
Potassium Hydroxide
B
C
70
170 200
400
70
400
Salicylic Acid
Silicone Oil
Silver Cyanide
Nitronic 60
Monel
Inconel
70
70
316 SS
Rosin Oil
17-4 PH SS
70
304 SS
70
Propyl Alcohol
100
Alum. Bronze
Propane
140 200
Bronze
70
Cast Iron
70
70
Nickel
100
Potassium Sulfite
Carbon Steel
Potassium Sulfide
Nylon
Teflon
Potassium Sulfate
METALS
Natural Rubber
Hypalon
Viton
EPDM
Neoprene
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
200
70
300
300
300
70
200
70
350
200
200
200
70
100
70
210 185
70
300
70
140
70
350
70
70
140 140
70
350
100
Silver Nitrate
350
70
Soap
400
70
200
Sodium Acetate
Sodium Aluminate
170
70
400
300
70
Sodium Bicarbonate
400
200
Sodium Bisulfate
70
Sodium Bisulfite
400
Sodium Bromide
70
70
300
Sodium Carbonate
400
200
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Dichromate
20%
Sodium Fluoride
Sodium Hydroxide
15%
Sodium Hypochlorite
70
210 250
350
70
300
70
70
70
350
200
70
400
70
140 150
350
70
70
Sodium Metaphosphate
70
70
70
Sodium Nitrate
400
70
200
Sodium Perborate
70
70
70
350
70
Sodium Peroxide
70
70
250
70
70
400
70
70
400
Sodium Sulfide
350
70
Sodium Sulfite
350
Sodium Thiosulphate
350
Soybean Oil
140
70
Stannic Chloride
140
Stannous Chloride
140 160
Starch
Sodium Phosphate
Sodium Silicate
Sodium Sulfate
SAT
250 200
400
70
350
200 200
350
100 200
70
300
70
400
Stearic Acid
140
70
100
70
350
350
Sugar
350
70
Steam
10
350
70
70
350
70
100 200
350
250
250
Sulfur Dioxide
Dry
Sulfuric Acid
30%
Tannic Acid
100 100
70
100 100
Toluene
70
Tomato Juice
70
200 200
Inconel
70
Monel
250
Nitronic 60
70
316 SS
C
C
17-4 PH SS
70
304 SS
Alum. Bronze
70
Bronze
Cast Iron
Teflon
Nickel
Natural Rubber
70
Carbon Steel
Hypalon
Nylon
Viton
Gas
Sulfur Chloride
EPDM
Sulfur
METALS
Neoprene
Sulfamic Acid
Buna-N
CHEMICAL
CONCENTRATION
300
200
350
70
Tributyl Phosphate
70
300
Trichloroethylene
185
200
Trisodium Phosphate
70
70
70
185 185
350
Turpentine
70
150
Urea
70
Urine
70
140
400
UV Radiation
Varnish
70
70
350
Vegetable Oil
70
70
200
70
300
Vinegar
70
140
200
300
Vinyl Acetate
70
70
350
70
180
400
Water, Brackish
400
Water, Deionized
70
160 200
70
200
400
Water Potable
200
400
400
Water, Sea
400
Water, Waste
70
70
400
Whiskey
350
70
Wine
350
70
Water, Chloramines
Xylene
Zinc Acetate
70
70
Zinc Chloride
70
Zinc Sulfate
200 300
70
150
350 120
180 160
70
70
70
400
400
11