International Journal of Electrical and

Electronics Engineering Research (IJEEER)

ISSN(P): 2250-155X; ISSN(E): 2278-943X
Vol. 4, Issue 4, Aug 2014, 39-46
TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR RELIABILITY

METRICS
C. V MOHAN1, SEETHARAM K2, H. B. PHANI RAJU3
1

Associate Professor, Sir MVIT, EEE, BMSCE, Research Centre, Research Scholar, VTU, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2

Professor, Department of EEE, RGIT, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

3

Principal, RGIT Bangalore, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT
System Reliability evaluation is a basic step in all reliability studies. Various service performance indices are
required for the reliability analysis of distribution system. Various literature exists [1, 3] for the reliability evaluation of
distribution system. Fuzzy logic is applied for the customer number using the power supplied by the feeder.

KEYWORDS: Distribution System, Reliability Evaluation, SAIDI, SAIFI, CAIDI, PCA Principal Component
Analysis

INTRODUCTION
With electrical distribution system reliability we mean continuous availability of supply for the customer.
reliability is measure of number of outages for a customer. So it is important to improve and measure of the reliability of
the distribution system to prevent power interruptions.
In this regard a data information from existing distribution system at Devanoor station, Mysore zone, Karnataka is
collected from 2005 to 2012. Our assessment is focused on three reliability metrics: [2, 7]

System Average Interruption Duration Index(SAIDI)

System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), and

Customer Average Interruption

Duration Index
(CAIDI) = (SAIDI) (SAIFI)
These three indices can be used to develop a comprehensive assessment of reliability zone wide.
Analysis
The paper analyses for the reliability evaluation and assessment in distribution system. Devanoor station data is
taken for the required analysis. Four analysis

Large size analysis

Medium size analysis

Small size analysis

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C.V Mohan, Seetharam K, H. B. Phani Raju

General analysis are carried out.

The distribution system contains the following components. Number of the system under consideration are

31 rural,

150 suburban,

93 urban,

With total customers equal to 69,976,482.

The number of customers are grouped into three types small, medium and large, using fuzzy logic [4, 6]..
When the customers size is in the range of

Less than or equal to 10000 customers size is considered as small

Less than equal to 100000 customers is considered as medium

Greater than 1000000 customers is considered as large

Table 1: 1A, 1B, and 1C is Representing for Large Size Values
Table 1A
SAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
162
152.2
158
160
151

Large
3 QRT
126.5
118.5
124
140
115

2 QRT
99.2
88.2
94
101
96

Table 2: 2A, 2B and 2C Gives Medium Size

Table 1B
SAIFI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
1.41
1.37
1.24
1.38
1.22

Large
3 QRT
1.08
0.98
1.06
1.03
1.01

2 QRT
0.88
1.06
0.9
0.93
0.86

Table 3: 3A, 3B and 3C Gives Small Size

Table 1C
CAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
136.4
134.7
128
139
134

Large
3 QRT
114.8
107.6
110
118
115

2 QRT
86.7
91.1
90
93
93

1A gives SAIDI at 25%, 50% and 75% load at every year from 2008 to 2012 in yearly interval.

1B gives for SAIFI at 25%, 50% and 75% load at every yea from2008 to 2012 in yearly interval.

1C gives CAIDI at 25%, 50% and 75% load at every year from2008 to 2012 in yearly interval.

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.9638

Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

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Computational Methods for Distribution System for Reliability Metrics

Similarly, SAIDI at 25%, 50% and 75% load at every year from 2008 to 2012 in yearly interval are formulated in
table 2 and 3 as related to medium and small.
Table 4: SAIDI, SAIFI & CAIDI at 25%, 50% and 75% Load at Every Year
from 2005 TO 2012, as General Size Values are Obtained
Table 2A
SAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
206.6
256.9
160
170
167

Medium
3 QRT 2 QRT
163.4
131.7
100.5
101.8
132
95
141
107
142
99

Table 5: 5A, 5B, and 5C Gives Correlation Matrix [5] for

SAIDI, SAIFI & CAIDI Respectively
Table 2B
SAIFI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
1.62
1.76
1.45
1.55
1.37

Medium
3 QRT
1.37
1.32
1.23
1.2
1.19

2 QRT
1.29
1.03
1.01
1.03
0.92

Table 6: 6A, 6B, and 6C Gives PCA Analysis Matrix FOR

SAIDI, SAIFI & CAIDI Respectively
Table 2C
CAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
134.7
122.5
122
127
125

Medium
3 QRT
117
102.8
106
113
108

2 QRT
94.9
83.4
91
99
96

Table 7
Table 3A
SAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 QRT
226.5
206
162
225
190

Small
3 QRT
196.8
109.5
121
180
116

2 QRT
122.7
74.6
76
140
79

Table 8
Table 3B
SAIFI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

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4 QRT
2.2
1.83
1.47
1.7
1.59

Small
3 QRT
1.64
1.26
1.24
1.41
1.11

2 QRT
1.21
0.94
0.92
1.15
0.97

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C.V Mohan, Seetharam K, H. B. Phani Raju

Table 9
Table 3C
CAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 Qrt
121.6
111.33
117
129
137

Small
3 Qrt
104.1
88.4
97
122
94

2 Qrt
98.8
72.1
77
113
80

Table 10
Table 4A
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 Qrt
191.8
198
200.1
196.3
166.9
158
171
163

SAIDI
3 Qrt
144.6
146.1
143.5
154.8
115.8
128
143
126

2 Qrt
98.3
105.4
109.4
102.6
81.2
89
106
93

Table 11
Table 4B
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4Qrt
1.63
1.7
1.71
1.6
1.49
1.46
1.55
1.39

SAFI
3 Qrt
1.39
1.36
1.33
1.34
1.12
1.17
1.16
1.08

2 Qrt
1.09
1.11
1.06
1.06
0.89
0.93
0.96
0.89

Table 12
Table 4C
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

4 Qrt
127.4
130.7
126.7
134.7
120.7
122
130
130

CAIDI
3 Qrt
104.87
107.5
109.07
109.94
101.94
106
117
110

2 Qrt
82.5
81.73
84.91
93.65
83.31
88
99
93

Table 13
Table 5 A
SAIDI
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010

2005
1
0.9636
0.8342
0.9275
-0.7497
-0.9484

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.9638

2006
0.9636
1
0.9499
0.8086
-0.7959
0.9933

Correlation Matrix of SAIDI Variation

2007
2008
2009
2010
0.8342
0.9275
-0.7497
-0.9484
0.9499
0.8086
-0.7959
0.9933
1
0.5852
-0.7313
-0.9617
0.5852
1
-0.7252
-0.7634
-0.7313
-0.7252
1
0.7262
-0.9617
-0.7634
0.7262
1

2011
-0.7421
-0.6712
-0.5771
-0.6138
0.1199
0.7268

2012
-0.9944
-0.983
-0.8765
-0.9027
0.8017
0.965

Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

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Computational Methods for Distribution System for Reliability Metrics

2011
2012

-0.7421
-0.9944

-0.6712
-0.983

Table 13: Contd.,

-0.5771
-0.6138
0.1199
-0.8765
-0.9027
0.8017

0.7268
0.965

1
0.6894

0.6894
1

Table 14
Table 5 B
SAIFI
2005
2006
2007

2005
1
0.9549
0.8474

2006
0.9549
1
0.946

Correlation Matrix of SAIFI Variation

2007
2008
2009
2010
0.8474
0.9647
-0.9744
-0.9161
0.946
0.8505
-0.9306
-0.9912
1
0.6779
-0.7667
-0.9792

2011
-0.9959
-0.9262
-0.8147

2012
-0.9533
-0.9879
-0.9681

2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

0.9647
-0.9744
-0.9161
-0.9959
-0.9533

0.8505
-0.9306
-0.9912
-0.9262
-0.9879

0.6779
-0.7667
-0.9792
-0.8147
-0.9681

-0.9766
0.9625
0.8826
1
0.933

-0.8404
0.8951
0.9885
0.933
1

1
-0.9653
-0.7809
-0.9766
-0.8404

-0.9653
1
0.8739
0.9625
0.8951

-0.7809
0.8739
1
0.8826
0.9985

Table 15
Table 5C
CAIDI
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

2005
1
0.9127
0.4861
0.9237
-0.8871
-0.9887
-0.3937
-0.8065

2006
0.9127
1
0.6086
0.7
-0.8001
0.9372
-0.4923
-0.6948

Correlation Matrix of CAIDI Variation

2007
2008
2009
2010
0.4861
0.9237
-0.8871
-0.9887
0.6086
0.7
-0.8001
0.9372
1
0.1869
-0.779
-0.6104
0.1869
1
-0.7558
-0.8643
-0.779
-0.7558
1
0.9319
-0.6104
-0.8643
0.9319
1
0.3438
-0.3839
-0.0546
0.311
-0.8028
-0.8028
0.9863
0.8606

2011
-0.3937
-0.4923
0.3438
-0.3839
-0.0546
0.311
1
-0.2162

2012
-0.8065
-0.6948
-0.8028
-0.8028
0.9863
0.8606
-0.2162
1

Table 16
Table 6A
SAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

Eigen Value
3.1287
2.2118
1.0676
0.4235
0

PCA Analysis
Variance
45.7974
32.3763
15.6267
6.1996
0

Cumulative
45.7974
78.1737
93.8004
100
100

Table 17
Table 6B
SAIFI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

Table 6C
CAIDI
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
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Eigen Value
6.6154
0.8944
0.4902
0
0

PCA Analysis
Variance Cumulative
82.6929
82.6929
11.18
93.8729
6.1271
100
0
100
0
100

Table 18
PCA Analysis
Eigen Value
Variance
3.8677
77.355
0.8927
17.8538
0.2396
4.7912
0
0
0
0

Cumulative
77.355
95.2088
100
100
100
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C.V Mohan, Seetharam K, H. B. Phani Raju

RESULTS

Three reliability related matrix are calculated.

Four different analysis is carried out.

Customers size is classified for three levels.

SAIDI, SAIFI & CAIDI are calculated for 2nd quarter, 3rd quarter and 4th quarter.

SAIDI, SAIFI & CAIDI related correlation matrix. is calculated

SAIDI, SAIFI & CAIDI related PCA analysis is calculated.

CONCLUSIONS

Table No 5A, 5B & 5C gives correlation co-efficient between any two years of the data.

Eigen value greater than one for first three variables in Table 6A are considered significant. Variables with Eigen
values less than one, as seen in fourth and fifth variables of Table 6A are insignificant and disregarded[8]

Similarly, first variable in Table 6B and Table 6C Eigen value is greater than one, therefore considered as
significant. Remaining four other variables in the same Tables are insignificant and disregarded.

REFERENCES
1.

Billinton R, Wang P, "Reliability network equivalent approach to distribution system reliability evaluation,"
IEE Proc. -Gener. Trans. Distrib, vol. 145(2), pp.149-153, Mar. 1998.

2.

Allan,R, Billinton R Probabilistic assessment of power systems proceedings of the IEEE vol 88,no.
2,2000,pp.140-162.

3.

Applied Reliability and quality B. S. Dhillon Springer series in reliability engineering.

4.

Fuzzy logic with engineering applications, Timothy J Ross. McGraw-Hill 1997.

5.

Power System Generation, Operation, & Control, A. Wood, B. Wollenberg, John Wiley & Suns, 1994.

6.

Application of fuzzy logic in power systems Power Engineering Journal August 1998, pp185-190

7.

Tracking the Reliability of the U.S. Electric Power System: Joseph H. Eto and Kristina Hamachi LaCommare
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000 Berkeley CA
94720-8136

8.

Multivariate data Analysis Sixth edition Hair etal. Pearson Education 2006

APPENDICES
System Average Interruption Duration Index SAIDI
Customer Average Interruption Duration Index CAIDI
SAIDI is defined as the average duration of interruptions for customers served during a specified time period.

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.9638

Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

Computational Methods for Distribution System for Reliability Metrics

45

CAIDI is the weighted average length of an interruption for customers affected during aspecified time period. The
formula to determine this average is:
SAIDI =

Total Duration of Customer Interruptions

Total Number of Customers Served

CAIDI =

Total Duration of Customer Interrupti ons

Total Number of Customer Interrupti ons

System Average Interruption Frequency Index SAIFI

SAIFI described the average number of times that a customers power is interrupted during a specified time
period.
SAIFI =

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Total Number of Customer Interrupti ons

Total Number of Customers Served

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