Gr.

8 Integrated Science - Final Exam Study Guide 2011

Scientific inquiry: writing a procedure, identifying and controlling variables,
processing data, making conclusions.
Energy: describe different forms of energy and resources, compare kinetic and
potential energy
2 types of energy:
Potential:

Water behind a dam.

Car parked down hill.
Wound car spring.
Gasoline and sugar
Kinetic:

Falling water
Car rolls down the hill
Clocks hands begin to move
Energy appears as movement of the car or muscles and as engine or body heat.

Matter: identify matter according to its properties, measure & calculate density,
compare physical and chemical properties, distinguish physical & chemical changes,
explain how the periodic table is organized and can be used, read chemical formulas
and balance chemical equations.
Substances around us change depending on their chemical make-up and what is done
to them.
Physical change: Doesnt result on the formation of new substances. They only change
the size, shape, form or matter state of a material. (ex. Water, boiling, melting ice,
tearing paper, freezing water)
Chemical changes: A new substance is formed. It involves heat, burning, or other
intercalation with energy. There are five rules that determine if a chemical change
occurs:

Color change
Gas is given off
A new substance forms
Heat is given of (exothermic)
Heat is required (endothermic)

 Atmosphere: understand the importance (role) of Earths atmosphere in relation to

conditions on Earth; identify the different weather conditions, describe how
weather is formed; relate the concepts of heat energy to weather, climate, ocean
currents, etc.; explain the relationship between atmosphere and ocean.
Coriolis Effect- tendency of the motion of an object to curve due to earths rotation.
Due to the tilt of the earth we have seasons. Air moves from areas of high pressure
to areas of low pressure. Dense air flows from poles towards the equator.
Weather: State of the atmosphere at a given time in a particular place. Thunder,
storms, rain, hurricane, snow, hail, sun, humidity. Weather comes from water, sun,
movement of air, differences in air pressure. Weather happens in the troposphere,
lowest layer of the earth. It depends on the tilt, the movement of the earth and the
position in relation to the sun. The angle when sun heat hits earth, air pressure
depends on the density. Amount of stuff in a given volume. Moisture affects.
Life processes: know the chemical equations for photosynthesis and where these
processes take place, recognize parts of LEAVES along with their functions
(diagrams, photos and microscope imagery)