ENSAYO PARA DETERMINAR LA RESISTENCIA A LA FLEXOCOMPRESION DE UNA COLUMNA

ARTICULADA EN SUS EXTREMOS

I.

II.

III.

IV.

OBJETIVOS:
OBJETIVO GENERAL:
Determinar la resistencia a la flexocompresin de una columna articulada en sus
extremos.
OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS:
Determinar la carga critica.
Determinar el esfuerzo crtico.
Determinar el modulo de elasticidad del material.
EQUIPOS Y MATERIALES:
Maquina de ensayo.
Diales de carga y deformacin.
Cinco muestras de columnas (tubos de aluminio).
Regla metlica de 50cm.
Dos cmaras de alta resolucin (para la lectura de diales).
PREPARACIN DE LAS MUESTRAS:
Para las condiciones de esbeltez =75 y los clculos realizados, elegimos tubos
de aluminio de de de 2mm de espesor de 43cm de luz. (El clculo de
esbeltez se muestra ms adelante).
Marcamos los centros de apoyo de la muestra en la parte superior e inferior y
el centro de luz de la misma (A 21cm de los extremos).
PROCEDIMIENTO DE ENSAYO:
Instalamos los diales de deformacin y carga. El dial de deformacin medir la
deflexin lateral del punto medio de la muestra que se haba marcado, y el
otro dial medir la carga, y se ubica en el anillo de la mquina de ensayo.

 Luego instalamos las muestras coincidiendo los centros de apoyo superior e

inferior marcados anteriormente con los rodillos.

Distribuir las tareas de ensayo de la siguiente manera:

Un operador de carga
Dos cmaras de alta resolucin para grabar los diales de deformacin
y carga
Un controlador de tiempo a cada 3 s (Es una referencia para preparar y
encender las cmaras sincronizar los videos)
Una tercera cmara que capture las imgenes del procedimiento de
ensayo

 Se cuenta tres segundos en voz alta para el alistamiento y encendido de las

dos cmaras (Ver primera imagen), y nuevamente contamos tres segundos
para que el operador inicie la carga sobre la columna en ensayo (Ver imagen
siguiente).

El ensayo para una muestra termina cuando el dial de deformacin pierda

contacto con la superficie de la columna.

Observacin: Al comenzar la deflexin lateral de la muestra en el ensayo, esta

se pandeaba hacia adelante en el sentido del dial de deformacin hasta cierto
punto, luego se procedi a girar la muestra 180 para continuar la deflexin en
el sentido opuesto.

V.

PROCESAMIENTO DE DATOS:

ENSAYO DEL TUBO N 1

LONGITUD
AREA

430
82.40326845

mm
mm2

radio

INTERIOR(mm)
8.025
0.35
3193.765793

EXTERIOR(mm)
9.52
Kg
mm4

6.225572765
69.06995007

mm

Masa
INERCIA
radio de
giro
esbeltez

TIEMPO

CARGA

FLECHA(0.01mm)

CARGA Kg

2.8

10

4.8

15

flecha(mm)

esfuerzo(Kg/mm2)

ESBELTEZ

172

20.44

0.04

24.80484134

134.3094352

35.04

0.07

42.52258516

110.1117167

13

43.8

0.13

53.15323145

93.28009686

20

7.5

19

54.75

0.19

66.44153931

80.90199468

25

24

65.7

0.24

79.72984718

71.41911267

30

10.9

26

79.57

0.26

96.5617038

63.92329658

35

10.25

30

74.825

0.3

90.80343706

57.84986028

40

12.5

46

91.25

0.46

110.7358989

52.82938005

45

14

61

102.2

0.61

124.0242067

48.61007403

50

16

94

116.8

0.94

141.7419505

45.01445734

55

17.1

31

124.83

0.31

151.4867096

41.91383538

60

20.4

87

148.92

0.87

180.7209869

39.21262472

65

21.5

40

156.95

0.4

190.465746

36.83835257

70

23

100

167.9

203.7540539

34.73507284

75

24.9

160

181.77

1.6

220.5859105

32.85891096

80

26

210

189.8

2.1

230.3306696

31.17497564

85

28

256

204.4

2.56

248.0484134

29.65517241

90

30

302

219

3.02

265.7661573

28.27662582

95

33

346

240.9

3.46

292.342773

27.02052162

100

35

392

255.5

3.92

310.0605168

25.87124402

105

36.9

431

269.37

4.31

326.8923734

24.81572384

110

38

469

277.4

4.69

336.6371325

23.84293984

115

39.9

510

291.27

5.1

353.4689891

22.94353273

120

42

550

306.6

5.5

372.0726202

22.10950336

125

43

584

313.9

5.84

380.9314921

21.33397435

130

44.1

614

321.93

6.14

390.6762512

20.61100011

135

46

645

335.8

6.45

407.5081078

19.93541426

140

47.3

682

345.29

6.82

419.0246413

19.30270599

145

48.5

709

354.05

7.09

429.6552876

18.70891934

150

49.8

710

363.54

7.1

441.171821

18.70891934

155

50.5

711

368.65

7.11

447.3730314

17.97178632

160

51.4

712

375.22

7.12

455.3460161

17.52782734

165

52.2

713

381.06

7.13

462.4331136

17.1052718

170

53.5

714

390.55

7.14

473.9496471

16.70260846

175

54.9

715

400.77

7.15

486.3520678

16.31846508

180

55.5

716

405.15

7.16

491.6673909

15.9515928

185

56.4

717

411.72

7.17

499.6403756

15.60085255

190

57.1

718

416.83

7.18

505.841586

15.26520327

195

58

719

423.4

7.19

513.8145707

14.94369159

200

58.8

720

429.24

7.2

520.9016682

14.63544278

205

60

721

438

7.21

531.5323145

14.33965281

210

60.9

722

444.57

7.22

539.5052992

14.05558134

215

61.5

723

448.95

7.23

544.8206224

13.78254556

220

62.2

724

454.06

7.24

551.0218327

13.51991468

225

63.5

725

463.55

7.25

562.5383662

13.26710509

230

64.4

726

470.12

7.26

570.5113509

13.02357602

235

65.4

727

477.42

7.27

579.3702228

12.78882568

240

66.1

728

482.53

7.28

585.5714332

12.56238783

245

67

729

489.1

7.29

593.5444179

12.34382864

250

67.9

730

495.67

7.3

601.5174026

12.13274397

255

68.2

731

497.86

7.31

604.1750642

11.92875686

260

69

732

503.7

7.32

611.2621617

11.73151526

265

70

733

511

7.33

620.1210336

11.54069004

270

70.5

734

514.65

7.34

624.5504696

11.35597313

275

71

735

518.3

7.35

628.9799055

11.17707588

280

71.5

736

521.95

7.36

633.4093415

11.00372752

285

72

737

525.6

7.37

637.8387774

10.83567385

290

73.9

738

539.47

7.38

654.670634

10.67267594

295

75.5

739

551.15

7.39

668.8448291

10.51450904

300

77.4

740

565.02

7.4

685.6766857

10.36096152

305

78.9

741

575.97

7.41

698.9649936

10.21183392

310

80.6

742

588.38

7.42

714.0250758

10.06693811

315

82.5

743

602.25

7.43

730.8569325

9.926096505

320

84.8

744

619.04

7.44

751.2323378

9.789141288

325

87

745

635.1

7.45

770.721856

9.655913794

330

88.5

746

646.05

7.46

784.0101639

9.526263878

335

90.9

747

663.57

7.47

805.2714565

9.400049349

340

93.9

748

685.47

7.48

831.8480722

9.277135452

345

96.1

749

701.53

7.49

851.3375904

9.157394391

350

98.1

750

716.13

7.5

869.0553342

9.040704882

355

101

751

737.3

7.51

894.7460628

8.926951743

360

103.9

752

758.47

7.52

920.4367913

8.816025519

365

107

753

781.1

7.53

947.8992942

8.707822127

370

108.4

754

791.32

7.54

960.3017149

8.602242532

375

111

755

810.3

7.55

983.3347818

8.499192444

380

113.5

756

828.55

7.56

1005.481962

8.398582036

385

117

757

854.1

7.57

1036.488013

8.300325686

390

119.1

758

869.43

7.58

1055.091644

8.204341732

395

121

759

883.3

7.59

1071.923501

8.110552246

400

123

760

897.9

7.6

1089.641245

8.018882822

405

124.8

761

911.04

7.61

1105.587214

7.929262381

410

126.9

762

926.37

7.62

1124.190845

7.841622985

415

128.9

763

940.97

7.63

1141.908589

7.755899667

420

131

764

956.3

7.64

1160.51222

7.672030272

425

133.4

765

973.82

7.65

1181.773513

7.589955302

430

136

766

992.8

7.66

1204.80658

7.509617778

435

138.1

767

1008.13

7.67

1223.410211

7.43096311

440

140.5

768

1025.65

7.68

1244.671503

7.353938969

445

142.5

769

1040.25

7.69

1262.389247

7.278495176

450

144.1

770

1051.93

7.7

1276.563442

7.204583586

455

145.1

771

1059.23

7.71

1285.422314

7.132157994

460

146.1

772

1066.53

7.72

1294.281186

7.061174033

465

147

773

1073.1

7.73

1302.254171

6.991589082

470

147.9

774

1079.67

7.74

1310.227155

6.923362189

475

148.1

775

1081.13

7.75

1311.99893

6.85645398

480

149

776

1087.7

7.76

1319.971914

6.79082659

485

149.1

777

1088.43

7.77

1320.857802

6.726443592

490

149.6

778

1092.08

7.78

1325.287238

6.663269925

495

149.9

779

1094.27

7.79

1327.944899

6.601271833

500

150

780

1095

7.8

1328.830786

6.540416806

505

150.1

781

1095.73

7.81

1329.716673

6.48067352

510

150.1

782

1095.73

7.82

1329.716673

6.422011787

515

150.1

783

1095.73

7.83

1329.716673

6.364402501

520

150.1

784

1095.73

7.84

1329.716673

6.307817592

525

150.1

785

1095.73

7.85

1329.716673

6.252229977

530

150.1

786

1095.73

7.86

1329.716673

6.197613523

535

150.1

787

1095.73

7.87

1329.716673

6.143942999

540

149.1

788

1088.43

7.88

1320.857802

6.091194042

545

149.1

789

1088.43

7.89

1320.857802

6.039343118

550

149.1

790

1088.43

7.9

1320.857802

5.988367489

555

148.4

791

1083.32

7.91

1314.656591

5.938245176

560

148

792

1080.4

7.92

1311.113042

5.888954931

565

148

793

1080.4

7.93

1311.113042

5.840476205

570

147.5

794

1076.75

7.94

1306.683607

5.792789121

575

147.1

795

1073.83

7.95

1303.140058

5.745874445

580

147

796

1073.1

7.96

1302.254171

5.699713561

585

146.1

797

1066.53

7.97

1294.281186

5.654288448

590

145.9

798

1065.07

7.98

1292.509411

5.609581653

595

145.2

799

1059.96

7.99

1286.308201

5.565576272

600

145

800

1058.5

1284.536427

5.522255927

605

144.1

801

1051.93

8.01

1276.563442

5.479604744

610

144

802

1051.2

8.02

1275.677555

5.437607339

615

143.9

803

1050.47

8.03

1274.791668

5.396248793

620

143.9

804

1050.47

8.04

1274.791668

5.35551464

625

143.9

805

1050.47

8.05

1274.791668

5.315390846

630

143.9

806

1050.47

8.06

1274.791668

5.275863795

631

143.9

807

1050.47

8.07

1274.791668

5.236920272

632

143.9

808

1050.47

8.08

1274.791668

5.19854745

633

145.8

809

1064.34

8.09

1291.623524

5.160732876

634

146.1

810

1066.53

8.1

1294.281186

5.123464456

635

147

811

1073.1

8.11

1302.254171

5.086730442

636

147

812

1073.1

8.12

1302.254171

5.050519423

637

148

813

1080.4

8.13

1311.113042

5.014820307

638

148

814

1080.4

8.14

1311.113042

4.979622316

639

148

815

1080.4

8.15

1311.113042

4.944914973

640

148

816

1080.4

8.16

1311.113042

4.910688088

641

148

817

1080.4

8.17

1311.113042

4.876931754

642

148.1

818

1081.13

8.18

1311.99893

4.843636335

643

148.1

819

1081.13

8.19

1311.99893

4.810792452

644

148

820

1080.4

8.2

1311.113042

4.778390984

645

147.4

821

1076.02

8.21

1305.797719

4.746423052

646

147

822

1073.1

8.22

1302.254171

4.714880011

647

147

823

1073.1

8.23

1302.254171

4.683753446

648

145

824

1058.5

8.24

1284.536427

4.653035165

649

144

825

1051.2

8.25

1275.677555

4.622717185

650

142.9

826

1043.17

8.26

1265.932796

4.592791733

651

141.9

827

1035.87

8.27

1257.073924

4.563251235

652

140.5

828

1025.65

8.28

1244.671503

4.534088311

653

139.1

829

1015.43

8.29

1232.269082

4.505295766

654

138.1

830

1008.13

8.3

1223.410211

4.476866592

655

137.1

831

1000.83

8.31

1214.551339

4.44879395

656

136

832

992.8

8.32

1204.80658

4.421071177

657

135

833

985.5

8.33

1195.947708

4.393691773

658

134

834

978.2

8.34

1187.088836

4.366649396

659

132.9

835

970.17

8.35

1177.344077

4.339937864

660

131

836

956.3

8.36

1160.51222

4.31355114

661

129.9

837

948.27

8.37

1150.767461

4.287483336

662

128.9

838

940.97

8.38

1141.908589

4.261728706

ESFUERZO VS ESBELTEZ

esfuerzo(Kg/cm2)
1400

1200

1000

800

600

2
=

( )2

2
( )

=39555.99274 kg/cm2
400

200

82
0
0

20

40

60

69

80

100

120

140

160

180

KL/r

200

CARGA VS FLECHA ENSAYO COMPLETO TUBO 01

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

120

(Kg/cm2)

= 82

100

= 0.25

80

60

40

20

()
0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

ENSAYO DEL TUBO N 2

LONGITUD
AREA

430
82.40326845

mm
mm2

radio

INTERIOR(mm)
8.025
0.35
3193.765793

EXTERIOR(mm)
9.52
Kg
mm4

6.225572765
69.06995007

mm

Masa
INERCIA
radio de
giro
esbeltez

TIEMP
O

CARG
A

FLECHA(0.01mm
)

CARGA
Kg

flecha(mm
)

esfuerzo(Kg/cm2
)

172

1.9

13.87

16.83185663

134.309435
2

10

3.1

22.63

27.46250292

110.111716
7

15

5.1

37.23

45.18024673

93.2800968
6

20

51.1

62.01210336

80.9019946
8

25

58.4

70.87097527

71.4191126
7

30

65.7

79.72984718

63.9232965
8

35

10.1

73.73

89.47460628

57.8498602
8

40

12

87.6

106.3064629

52.8293800
5

45

13.1

95.63

116.051222

48.6100740
3

ESBELTEZ

50

15

109.5

0.01

132.8830786

45.0144573
4

55

16.2

118.26

0.01

143.5137249

41.9138353
8

60

17.8

1.3

129.94

0.013

157.68792

39.2126247
2

65

19

1.3

138.7

0.013

168.3185663

36.8383525
7

70

20

1.4

146

0.014

177.1774382

34.7350728
4

75

22

1.8

160.6

0.018

194.895182

32.8589109
6

80

23.9

174.47

0.02

211.7270386

31.1749756
4

85

25

182.5

0.03

221.4717977

29.6551724
1

90

26.8

195.64

0.04

237.4177671

28.2766258
2

95

27.8

4.2

202.94

0.042

246.2766391

27.0205216
2

100

28.9

210.97

0.05

256.0213982

25.8712440
2

105

30

219

0.06

265.7661573

24.8157238
4

110

32

7.5

233.6

0.075

283.4839011

23.8429398
4

115

34

248.2

0.08

301.2016449

22.9435327
3

120

36

8.5

262.8

0.085

318.9193887

22.1095033
6

125

37.1

270.83

0.09

328.6641478

21.3339743
5

130

38

9.4

277.4

0.094

336.6371325

20.6110001
1

135

39

10

284.7

0.1

345.4960044

19.9354142
6

140

41

11

299.3

0.11

363.2137482

19.3027059
9

145

42

12

306.6

0.12

372.0726202

18.7089193
4

150

43

13

313.9

0.13

380.9314921

18.1505704
4

155

44.1

14

321.93

0.14

390.6762512

17.6245790
7

160

45.8

15

334.34

0.15

405.7363334

17.1282119
5

165

47

16.3

343.1

0.163

416.3669797

16.6590351
5

170

48

17.5

350.4

0.175

425.2258516

16.2148742
6

175

49.2

19

359.16

0.19

435.8564979

15.7937806
6

180

63.1

19.2

460.63

0.192

558.9948174

15.394003

185

64.5

20.1

470.85

0.201

571.3972381

15.0139628
2

190

65.1

22

475.23

0.22

576.7125612

14.6522337
4

195

66.1

24

482.53

0.24

585.5714332

14.3075235
8

200

67.1

489.83

0.06

594.4303051

13.9786589
6

205

68

27

496.4

0.27

602.4032898

13.6645719

210

69

29.5

503.7

0.295

611.2621617

13.3642883

215

70

31

511

0.31

620.1210336

13.0769178
5

220

70.8

33

516.84

0.33

627.2081311

12.8016451
4

225

71.5

33

521.95

0.33

633.4093415

12.5377220
4

230

72.5

34.5

529.25

0.345

642.2682134

12.2844608
3

235

73.2

35

534.36

0.35

648.4694237

12.0412282
7

240

74

36

540.2

0.36

655.5565212

11.8074402
7

245

74.8

37.5

546.04

0.375

662.6436188

11.5825572
4

250

75.1

38.5

548.23

0.385

665.3012803

11.3660799
3

255

76

39

554.8

0.39

673.274265

11.1575457
2

260

76.5

40

558.45

0.4

677.703701

10.9565253
2

265

77.1

41

562.83

0.41

683.0190241

10.7626198
4

270

77.8

42

567.94

0.42

689.2202345

10.5754581
2

275

78

42.6

569.4

0.426

690.9920089

10.3946943
8

280

78.9

42.9

575.97

0.429

698.9649936

10.2200060
8

285

79.6

43

581.08

0.43

705.1662039

10.0510919
9

290

80.4

43

586.92

0.43

712.2533014

9.88767049
2

295

81

43

591.3

0.43

717.5686246

9.72947797
1

300

81.5

43

594.95

0.43

721.9980605

9.57626742

305

82.1

43

599.33

0.43

727.3133837

9.42780715

310

82.9

43

605.17

0.43

734.4004812

9.28387961

5
315

83.9

43

612.47

0.43

743.2593531

9.14428035
4

320

84.2

43

614.66

0.43

745.9170147

9.00881702
3

325

84.5

43

616.85

0.43

748.5746763

8.87730850
5

330

85

43

620.5

0.43

753.0041122

8.74958410
6

335

85

43

620.5

0.43

753.0041122

8.62548281
7

340

85

43

620.5

0.43

753.0041122

8.50485263
5

345

85

43

620.5

0.43

753.0041122

8.38754994
1

350

80.5

43

587.65

0.43

713.1391886

8.27343893
2

355

80

43

584

0.43

708.7097527

8.16239109
6

360

80

43

584

0.43

708.7097527

8.05428472
9

365

80

43

584

0.43

708.7097527

7.94900448
9

370

80.1

43

584.73

0.43

709.5956399

7.84644098
6

375

81.3

43

593.49

0.43

720.2262862

7.74649040
5

380

83

43

605.9

0.43

735.2863684

7.64905415
3

385

85

43

620.5

0.43

753.0041122

7.55403853
5

390

86

43

627.8

0.43

761.8629841

7.46135445
6

395

86.4

43

630.72

0.43

765.4065329

7.37091713
8

400

87

43

635.1

0.43

770.721856

7.28264586
5

405

87.5

43

638.75

0.43

775.151292

7.19646374
3

410

88

43

642.4

0.43

779.5807279

7.11229747
2

415

89

43

649.7

0.43

788.4395999

7.03007714
3

420

90

43

657

0.43

797.2984718

6.94973604
2

425

90.2

43

658.46

0.43

799.0702461

6.87121047
2

430

91

43

664.3

0.43

806.1573437

6.79443958

435

92

43

671.6

0.43

815.0162156

6.71936520
4

440

92.5

43

675.25

0.43

819.4456515

6.64593172
4

445

93

43

678.9

0.43

823.8750875

6.57408592
4

450

93.9

43

685.47

0.43

831.8480722

6.50377686
6

455

94.2

43

687.66

0.43

834.5057338

6.43495576
8

460

95

43

693.5

0.43

841.5928313

6.36757588
9

465

95.9

43

700.07

0.43

849.565816

6.30159242
7

470

96.1

43

701.53

0.43

851.3375904

6.23696241
8

475

96.6

43

705.18

0.43

855.7670264

6.17364464
3

480

97

43.5

708.1

0.435

859.3105751

6.11159953
7

485

97.1

43.5

708.83

0.435

860.1964623

6.05078911
5

490

97.2

43.5

709.56

0.435

861.0823495

5.99117688
2

495

97.3

43.5

710.29

0.435

861.9682367

5.93272777
4

500

101.3

43.

739.49

0.43

897.4037243

5.87540807
7

505

104.4

43.5

762.12

0.435

924.8662272

5.81918536
9

510

108.7

43.5

793.51

0.435

962.9593765

5.76402845
9

515

113.2

43.5

826.36

0.435

1002.8243

5.70990732
5

520

116.4

47

849.72

0.47

1031.17269

5.65679306
2

525

120.2

51.5

877.46

0.515

1064.836403

5.60465783
3

530

124.1

55

905.93

0.55

1099.386004

5.55347481
5

535

127.3

57

929.29

0.57

1127.734394

5.50321815
8

540

133.2

63

972.36

0.63

1180.001738

5.45386293
9

545

135.3

64

987.69

0.64

1198.605369

5.40538511
9

550

138.3

64

1009.5
9

0.64

1225.181985

5.35776150
9

555

142.4

64

1039.5
2

0.64

1261.50336

5.31096972
8

560

146.8

64

1071.6
4

0.64

1300.482396

5.26498817
1

565

151.8

64

1108.1
4

0.64

1344.776756

5.21979597
6

570

156.7

64

1143.9
1

0.64

1388.185228

5.17537298
8

575

162.3

64

1184.7
9

0.64

1437.794911

5.13169973
6

580

167.3

64

1221.2
9

0.64

1482.08927

5.08875739
6

585

171.3

64

1250.4
9

0.64

1517.524758

5.04652777
5

590

174.3

64

1272.3
9

0.64

1544.101374

5.00499327
3

595

178.3

64

1301.5
9

0.64

1579.536861

4.96413686
9

600

182.4

64

1331.5
2

0.64

1615.858236

4.92394209

605

185.2

64

1351.9
6

0.64

1640.663077

4.88439299
5

610

188.3

64

1374.5
9

0.64

1668.12558

4.84547414
9

615

188.3

64

1374.5
9

0.64

1668.12558

4.80717060
6

620

178.3

64

1301.5
9

0.64

1579.536861

4.76946788
9

625

172.3

64

1257.7
9

0.64

1526.38363

4.73235197
2

630

169.3

64

1235.8
9

0.64

1499.807014

4.69580926

630

165.3

64.5

1206.6
9

0.645

1464.371526

4.65982657
8

630

162.3

68.5

1184.7
9

0.685

1437.794911

4.62439114
8

630

160.3

80.5

1170.1
9

0.805

1420.077167

4.58949058
2

630

157.8

99.5

1151.9
4

0.995

1397.929987

4.55511286

630

154.8

126

1130.0
4

1.26

1371.353371

4.52124631
9

630

153.3

164.5

1119.0
9

1.645

1358.065064

4.48787964
4

630

152.3

220.5

1111.7
9

2.205

1349.206192

4.45500184
7

630

151.2

310.5

1103.7
6

3.105

1339.461433

4.42260226
4

630

151.2

513.5

1103.7
6

5.135

1339.461433

4.39067053
5

630

151.2

787.5

1103.7
6

7.875

1339.461433

4.3591966

630

151.2

1113.5

1103.7
6

11.135

1339.461433

4.32817068
4

630

151.2

1479.5

1103.7
6

14.795

1339.461433

4.29758328
9

630

151.2

1889.5

1103.7
6

18.895

1339.461433

4.26742518
2

630

151.2

2343.5

1103.7
6

23.435

1339.461433

4.23768739

630

151.2

2834.5

1103.7
6

28.345

1339.461433

4.20836118
6

630

151.2

3364.5

1103.7
6

33.645

1339.461433

4.17943808
4

630

151.2

3932.5

1103.7
6

39.325

1339.461433

4.15090983

630

151.2

4522.5

1103.7
6

45.225

1339.461433

4.12276839
3

630

151.2

4522.6

1103.7
6

45.226

1339.461433

4.09500595
9

630

151.2

4522.7

1103.7
6

45.227

1339.461433

4.06761492
2

630

151.2

4522.8

1103.7
6

45.228

1339.461433

4.04058787
9

630

151.2

4522.9

1103.7
6

45.229

1339.461433

4.01391762
4

630

151.2

4522.10

1103.7
6

45.221

1339.461433

3.98759713
6

630

151.2

4522.11

1103.7
6

45.2211

1339.461433

3.96161958
1

630

151.2

4522.12

1103.7
6

45.2212

1339.461433

3.9359783

630

151.2

4522.13

1103.7
6

45.2213

1339.461433

3.91066680
5

630

151.2

4522.14

1103.7
6

45.2214

1339.461433

3.88567877
5

630

151.2

4522.15

1103.7
6

45.2215

1339.461433

3.86100804
8

630

151.2

4522.16

1103.7
6

45.2216

1339.461433

3.83664861
9

630

151.2

4522.17

1103.7
6

45.2217

1339.461433

3.81259463
3

630

151.2

4522.18

1103.7
6

45.2218

1339.461433

3.78884038

630

151.2

4522.19

1103.7
6

45.2219

1339.461433

3.76538029
4

630

151.2

4522.20

1103.7
6

45.222

1339.461433

3.74220894
3

630

151.2

4522.21

1103.7
6

45.2221

1339.461433

3.71932102
9

630

151.2

4522.22

1103.7
6

45.2222

1339.461433

3.69671138
5

630

151.2

4522.23

1103.7
6

45.2223

1339.461433

3.67437496
4

630

151.2

4522.24

1103.7
6

45.2224

1339.461433

3.65230684
6

630

151.2

4522.25

1103.7
6

45.2225

1339.461433

3.63050222
4

630

151.2

4522.26

1103.7
6

45.2226

1339.461433

3.60895640
7

630

151.2

4522.27

1103.7
6

45.2227

1339.461433

3.58766481
4

630

151.2

4522.28

1103.7
6

45.2228

1339.461433

3.56662297
4

630

151.2

4522.29

1103.7
6

45.2229

1339.461433

3.54582651
5

ESFUERZO VS ESBELTEZ

esfuerzo(Kg/cm2)
1800

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

2
=

( )2

2
( )

=38591.21243Kg/c
600

400

200

80
0
0

20

40

60

69

80

100

120

140

160

180

KL/r

200

CONCLUSIONES

Se observ que a medida que la esbeltez aumenta, la resistencia disminuye.

a menor momento de inercia respecto a un eje, este fallar, por lo tanto se trata de disear estructuras donde el IX=IY, en columnas lo
ms recomendable son las secciones circulares
De acuerdo a la esbeltez, se conoci que existen columnas largas, intermedias y cortas, cada una con diferentes propiedades
los efectos de flexo compresin las gobiernan las frmulas de leonhardo Euler.
Como la resistencia a la flexin varia con el momento de inercia, el valor de I en la frmula de Euler es siempre el menor momento de
inercia de la seccin recta. La tendencia al pandeo tiene lugar, pues, con respecto al eje principal de momento de inercia mnimo de la
seccin recta.
La frmula de Euler tambin demuestra que la carga crtica que puede producir el pandeo no depende de la resistencia del material,
sino de sus dimensiones y del mdulo de elstico tal como se observa en las muestras 1, 2,3 y 4.
Para un rea dada, el material debe distribuirse tan lejos como sea posible del centro de gravedad y de tal manera que los momentos
de inercia con respecto a los ejes principales sean iguales, o lo ms parecidos posible ( como en una columna hueca).

BIBLIOGRAFA

Nash, William
Resistencia de materiales
Editorial, McWraw Hill
Series Schaum.
Singer, Ferdinard L., Pytel, Anrew

Resistencia de materiales,
introduccin a la mecnica de slidos
Oxford University, cuarta edicin.