David Melnyczuk

CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014
Problem Statement:
The overall goal of this assignment is to design an equal, two span continuous steel I-girder
superstructure. It will be designed in accordance to AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design. The bridge
is orginally formulated through an example presented by the FWHA and this independent
homework design will follow that example closely. Furthermore, most of the bridge parameters
will be taken from the FHWA design example, yet they will explicity be defined. Therefore,
this design can stand-alone.
The first part of this multiple step homework assignment is to neatly layout the bridge criteria
and begin the fundamental calculations to start designing the I-girders. These steps include
selecting a trial girder section and computing that sections positive and negative flexure. With
that said, the first portion of this assignment, 10a, begins below.
Step 10a.1 Bridge Criteria Defined:
The first step for any bridge design is to establish the initial bridge criteria. These are
parameters that will follow through out the entire design and thus an integral place to begin.
Figure 1 below illustrates the bridge span as well as a typical cross section of the bridge.

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014
Design Criteria:
Units:
K
ksi
2
in
Selected Bridge Dimensions:
K 1000 lb

K
ksf
2
ft

Bridge length:

Ltotal 240 ft

Span length:

Lspan 120 ft

Deck width:

wdeck 46.875 ft

Roadway width:

wroadway 44 ft

Shoulder width:

wshoulder 10 ft

Lane width:

wlane 12 ft

Overhang width:

woverhang 3.9375 ft

Number of girders:

Ngirders 5

Girder spacing:

S 9.75 ft

Total deck thickness:

tdeck 8.5 in

Total overhang thickness:

toverhang 9 in

Integral wearing surface

(conc.):

tiws 0.5 in

K
kci
3
in

K
kcf
3
ft

Future wearing surface

(asph.):

tfws 2.5 in

Parapet height:

Hpar 3.5 ft

[FHWA]

Parapet width:

wpar 1.4375 ft

[FHWA]

Wc 0.150 kcf

[S3.5.1-1]

Material Properties:
Concrete density:
F t

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014
Future wearing surface
density:

Wfws 0.140 kcf

[S3.5.1-1]

K
Wpar 0.53
ft

[FHWA]

Concrete compressive
strength (28 day):

f'c 4.0 ksi

[S5.4.2.1]

Steel reinforcement strength:

fy 60 ksi

[S5.4.3]

Web yield strength:

Fyw 50 ksi

[S6.4.1-1]

Flange yield strength:

Fyf 50 ksi

[S6.4.1-1]

Strength I DC:

DC 1.25

[S3.2.1-1 & 1-2]

Strength I DW:

DW 1.50

[S3.2.1-1 & 1-2]

Strength I LL:

LL 1.75

[S3.2.1-1 & 1-2]

Flexure resistance:

f 1.00

[S6.5.4.2]

Dynamic load allowance:

IM 0.33

[S3.6.2.1-1]

Multiple presence (1 lane):

m1lane 1.20

[S3.6.1.1.2-1]

Multiple presence (2 lane):

m2lane 1.00

[S3.6.1.1.2-1]

Parapet weight (each):

Relevant Factors:

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014
Step 10a.2 Define Possible Girder Section:
Before the girder design can continue, a trial girder must be selected. This means several
things. First, the girder is spilt into three sections. The first section (closest to the abutment)
will be considered the girder portion largely subject to positive flexure. The next section,
immediately proceeding the positive flexure section, is the section where both positive and
negative flexure happen. The flange and web thicknesses will be altered knowing the nature of
flexure experienced in this portion of the design girder. Lastly, the girder section nearest to the
pier is the negative flexure section. The flange and web thicknesses will also be altered for this
portion of the design girder. Explicit lengths of each portion can be determined by running
analysis software (this report will use FHWA's findings). Lastly, selecting the 'trial' flange and
web thicknesses for each section can be a daunting task. Often, experince will help to dictate
which thicknesses to start the design with. Therefore, this report will use FHWA's initial trial
dimensions. Seen below in Figure 2 are each dimensions' naming convention.

Girder dimensions (FHWA):

Positive flexure length:

LgirPos 84 ft

Changing flexure length:

LgirChg 24 ft

ti

fl

th

12 f

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014
Negative flexure length:

LgirNeg 12 ft

Web thickness:

tweb 54.5 in

Positive top flange thickness:

tflPosTop 14.625 in

Positive bottom flange

thickness:

tflPosBot 14.875 in

Changing top flange

thickness:

tflChgTop 15.25 in

Changing bottom flange

thickness:

tflChgBot 15.375 in

Negative top flange

thickness:

tflNegTop 16.5 in

Negative bottom flange

thickness:

tflPosBot 16.75 in

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014
Step 10a.3 Define Section Properties:
Now that the design criteria and possible girder section properties are selected, checking
whether those parameters are sufficient is the next step. We begin below with a few integral
calculations, starting with the modular ratio, n:

Wc = 0.15 kcf

defined above

f'c = 4 ksi

defined above

1.5
Ec 33000 Wc
f'c

Ec 3834 ksi

Es 29000 ksi
Es
n = 7.564
Ec

[S5.4.2.4]
[S6.4.1]

use

n8

The effective flange width is computed as equal to the girder spacing:

Weffflange S = 9.75 ft
The total area of longitudinal deck reinforcing steel is the negative region is computed as
follows:
Assume #5 steel bars:

5
Dbar in
8

2
2
Abar
Dbar = 0.307 in
4

Weffflange
2
Adeckreinf 2 Abar
= 14.358 in
5 in
Based on the trial built up girder dimensions defined in step 10a.2, the composite section
properties for the positive moment region are computed as shown in the following table. Note
that the centroid is measured from the bottom of the girder.

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014

David Melnyczuk
CE361 HW10a
November 14, 2014