Federal Public Service Examination

your subject combination does not affect your choice for any specific
occupational group. You can chose any subjects and be considered for any
group according to your marks and merit.
How should I select the subject?
For subject selection, keep in mind the following points:
Try to have the subjects that you have studied before.

Dont ever go for that easy subject, try to find out its scoring value.
Previous statistics show that subjects with 100 marks give more score
than subjects with 200 marks.
Science subjects are more scoring than their arts counterparts.
People even have scored 2 marks in some subjects like Constitutional
Law because they thought it was too easy.
Languages are usually high scoring subjects.
Indo-Pak History does not usually result in a high score--avoiding it as
generally helpful.
However, other history subjects have better scoring averages.
What are the compulsory and optional subjects?

Compulsory Subjects
1) Essay
2) English (precise and composition)
3) General Knowledge - 1 (everyday
science)
General Knowledge - 2 (current
affairs)
General Knowledge - 3 (Pakistan
Affairs)
4) Islamiat (optional for only nonMuslims)
Subject
Optional Subjects
Code
Accountancy and
11
Auditing
12
Economics
Business
13
Administration
Marks
200
200
100
Marks
100
100
100
100
100
100
Rules
Subject(s) carrying not
more than 200 marks
(Code No. 11- 14) can be
choosed.
Note : Business
14
Public Administration
100
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Political Science
Agricultural
Forestry
Sociology
Journalism
Pure Mathematics
Applied Mathematics
Computer Science
Statistics
Physics
Geology
Geography
Chemistry
Botany
Zoology
Islamic history and
culture
Indo Pak History
British History
European History
USA History
Law
Constitutional Law
Mercantile Law
Muslim Law and
Jurisprudence
International Law
200
100
100
100
100
200
200
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
200
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
200
200
200
200
100
200
100
100
Administration can not be

opted in combination with
Public Administration.
more than 200 marks
(Code No. 15- 19) can be
choosed.
more than 200 marks
(Code No. 20-23) can be
choosed.
Science subject(s)
carrying not more than
200 marks (Code No. 2429) can be choosed.
History subject(s)
carrying not more than
200 marks (Code No. 3034) can be choosed.
Law subject(s) carrying

not more than 200 marks
(Code No. 35-40) can be
opted.
38
100
Note : International Law
39
100 can not be opted in
combination with
40
International Relations 100
International Relations.
41
Philosophy
200 Philosophy/Psychology
subject(s) carrying not
more than 200 marks
42
Psychology
200 (Code No.41-42 ) can be
opted.
43
Sindhi
100 Regional languages not
44
Pushto
100 more than one of the 04
45
Punjabi
100 subjects (Code No. 4346
Balochi
100 46) can be opted.
47
English Literature
200 National/Foreign/Classical
languages not more than
48
Urdu
200
one of 04 subjects (Code
49
Persian
200 No. 47-50)can be opted.
Note : Urdu can not be
opted in combination with
50
Arabic
200 regional languages (Code
No. 43-Sindhi, 46Balochi)
NOTE: The candidates must select from the optional subjects
carrying a total of 600 marks.
v
At which centres exams are held?

CSS exams are held by the FPSC simultaneously at Islamabad, Karachi,
Lahore, Peshawar and Quetta. There used to be a centre in London as well
but it has been abolished.
When and for how many groups the exam is held?
Competitive Examination is held by the FPSC every year in
October/November for induction of officers in Basic Pay Scale 17 into the
Civil services of the Federation, for the following 10 Groups/Services under
the Federal Government.
Accounts Group
Commerce and Trade Group
Customs and Excise Group
District Management Group
Foreign service of Pakistan
Information Group
Income Tax Group
Police Service of Pakistan
Postal Group
Railways (Commercial and Transportation) Group
What is the format of the exam?

The Competitive Examination comprises of the following format;
Written Examination
The Written Examination for CSS consists of 1200 marks (600 marks
for compulsory subjects and 600 marks for optional subjects). The
examination is normally held during the month of October/November
every year in 5 main cities of Pakistan.Qualification marks in written
Examination:
The qualification marks in CSS written examination are as under:
o a) Compulsory Subjects 40% in each subjects
o b) Optional Subjects 33% in each subjects
o c) Aggregate Marks 50%
Medical and Psychological Test

The Candidates, who qualify the written examination as per criteria,
have to appear for their medical Test before central Medical Board,
according to the schedule prescribed by the Ministry of Health. Then

the medically qualified candidates are given psychological Tests, in
individual as well as in Groups, to access their aptitude and personality
traits for different Groups/Services, before the Viva Voce.
Viva Voce
The viva Voce tests consists of 300 marks and minimum qualification
marks are 100. No candidate is considered for appointment to any of
the Group/Service for which he/she is declared not suitable by the
Viva Voce Board. The viva voce is conducted by a larger board (mostly
five members) headed by the chairman at Islamabad and at all
Provincial headquarters.
What sort of preparation is required for Psychological and are there

any marks for Psychological Assessment?
No preparation is required for Psychological Tests. Express your true
feelings, opinions, and judgments as they are and respond to the questions
freely. There are NO MARKS for Psychological Assessment, however the
marks assigned to Viva Voce also reflect the performance on Psychological
test.
What is the Recruitment Policy?
The allocation of posts to merit and provincial / regional quota is made
according to the existing policy of the government as under:
Merit 10%
Punjab 50%
Sindh 19% ( Urban 7.6%, Rural 11.4% )
Sindh (Urban) refers only to the city area of Karachi, Hyderabad and
Sukkur. Cantonment areas are counted as part of the city. The areas
under the Jurisdiction of the District Councils of these districts are the
rural areas.
NWFP 11.5%
Baluchistan 3.5%
NAFATA 4%
AJK 2%
What is the further procedure After selection?

After selection there is 9-month basic training at the Civil Service Academy,
Lahore and after this departmental training starts. In total this training
period is of two years duration. After this period, candidates are posted as
grade-17 officers.
5-years are required for the first promotion i.e. to grade-18 provided there
are vacant posts available for it. Promotion to grade-19 further requires 7
years while promotion to grade-20 requires compulsory training at national
Institute of Public Administration (NIPA) at Lahore,Karachi, Peshawar and
Quetta. Five month training is required to be promoted to grade-21. This
training is conducted at AdministrativeStaffCollege,Lahore. Grade-22 is the
last rung in this ladder of grades.
ENGLISH (precise and composition) (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

The examination will be based upon a paper carrying 100 marks and will be geared to test
the candidates' ability to handle grammatical structure, reading comprehension and
analysis, and precise writing and composition.
The candidates should be capable of:
(a) Using English correctly and efficiently as a vehicle of communication.
(b) Reading, comprehending and analyzing advanced texts.
Grammar and Vocabulary
The candidate's ability to handle the structure of English will be tested by framing items
based upon grammatical categories that usually create problems for foreign students.
There shall be no prescribed course for this purpose.
Reading Comprehension and Analysis
Two unseen passages shall be given with a fixed reading time and multiple choice
questions would be placed at the end to be answered. The passage for comprehension shall
be fairly technical. The passages would be selected from writings on economic, social,
cultural subjects and international affairs.
Precise Writing
The candidates will be required to present an acceptable precise of a given passage. The
unseen passage will be selected from current, economic, social, cultural and international
affairs.
Suggested Books Reading

Title: A communicative
grammar of English
Author name: Leech &
Svartik
Title: A practical English

Grammar
Author name: Thomson &
Martinet
Title: A Comprehensive
English Grammar for Foreign Title: Modern English Vol. I & II
students
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
Author Name: Eckersley & Author name: Rutherford
Eckersley (Longmans)
Title: A University English

Grammar
Title: Practical English Usage
Author name: R. Quirk & S. Author name: Swan (OUP)
Greenbaum (Longmans)
Title :English Idioms
Title: Mastering English Language
Author name: McMordie
Author name: Etherton
EVERYDAY SCIENCE (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

1. Introduction
(a) Nature of Science;
(b) Brief History of Science with special reference to contribution of Muslims
in the evolution and development of science:
(c) Impact of science on society.
2. The Physical Sciences
(a) Constituents and Structure: Universe, Galaxy. Solar system, Sun, Earth.
Minerals;
(b) Processes of Nature Solar and Lunar Eclipses Day and Night and their
variation:
(c) Energy : sources and resources of Energy Energy conservation
(i) Ceramics, Plastics. Semiconductors
(ii) Radio. Television, Telephones. Camera. Laser. Microscope.
(iii) Computers, Satellites;
(iv) Antibiotics, Vaccines, Fertilizers, Pesticides,
3. Biological Sciences
1. The basis of life - the cell, chromosomes, genes, nucleic acids.
2. The building blocks - Proteins. Harmones and other nutrients Concept of
balanced diet. Metabolism.
3. Survey of Plant and Animal Kingdom - a brief survey of plant and animal
kingdom to pinpoint similarities and diversities in nature.
4. The Human body - a brief account of human Physiology, Human behavior.
Title: Exploring life Sciences

Author name: Turber, Kilburn
& Howell
Title: Exploring Physical

Sciences
Author name: Turber,
Kilburn & Howell
Title: Guide to Science

Author Name: Isaac Asimov
Title: Science Restated

Author name: Cassidy
Title: Principles of Animal

Biology
Author name: Khan, M. Rafiq
CURRENT AFFAIRS (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

Candidates will be expected to display such general knowledge of History,
Geography and Politics as is necessary to interpret current affairs.
1. Pakistans relations with its neighbors.
2. Pakistans relations with Middle Eastern. African and Far Eastern
Countries.
3. Pakistan relations with big powers.
4. International Economic issues and Pakistan.
5. Pakistans role in regional and international organizations.
6. Nuclear politics in South Asia.
7. Structure of Pakistans economy, economic planning and development
strategies
8. Central Issues and problems in the Educational Systems.
9. Issues in Pakistan Politics.
10.
Superpowers and the Issues of World Order.
11.
Major Contemporary Crises.
12.
Major Economic, social and political issues of the world as
reflected and discussed in periodicals and newspapers.
Title: India, Pakistan,
Title: Main Spring of Indian and
Bangladesh and Great Powers
Pakistani Foreign Policies
Author name: G. W.
Author name: S.M. Burke
Choudhry
Title: Pakistans Foreign
Policy
Author Name: S.M. Burke
Title: Pakistan and the Great

Powers
Author name: Mohammad
Ahsan Choudhry
Title: Pakistan and the UN

Author name: Mohammad
Ahsan Choudhry
Title :Political System of
Pakistan
Title: Pakistan the long view

Author name: Lawrence Ziring
et. al.
Title: Politics in Pakistan
Author name: Khalid B. Sayeed
Author name: Khalid B.

Sayeed
Title: Conflict and Cooperation in
Title: World Politics since
the Indian Ocean; Pakistans
1945
interests and Choices
Author name: P. Calvocrassi Author name: Pervaiz Iqbal
Cheema
Title: The Security of South
Asia
Author name: Stephen P.
Cohen
Title: The Military and Politics in

Pakistan
Author name: Hasan Askari
Rizvi
Title: The Management of

Title: Development
Pakistans economy 1947 to
Strategies of Pakistan
1982
Author name: M. L. Qureshi Author name: Ahmed, V.,
Rashid Ahmed
PAKISTAN AFFAIRS (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)
1. Evolution and growth of Muslim Society in the Sub-continent.

2. Ideology of PakistanDefinition and Elucidation. Historical aspects
Muslim rule in the sub-continent, its downfall and efforts of
Renaissance. Movements for reformsSheikh Ahmed Sarhindi, Shah
Waliullah, Aligarh, Deoband, Na&wah, Anjarnun Hamiat-e-Islam and
other Educational Institutions Sindh Madressah and Islamia College
Peshawar. Ideology of Pakistan in the lights of speeches and sayings of
Allama Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam.
3. Pakistan MovementHistorical developments, important event. role of
various individuals, communities and groups.
4. Political Developments in Pakistan since 1947 and efforts for pro
mulgation of Islamic system.
5.
Land and People of PakistanGeography. Society. Natural resources. Agriculture,
Industry, Education with reference to characterstics, trends and problems.

Title: Ideological Orientations
Title: Letters of Iqbal to Jinnah
of Pakistan
Author name: Iqbal,
Author name: Al Mujahid,
Mohammad
Sharif
Title: Muslim Separatism in

Title: Modern Muslim India and
India and Pakistan
the birth of Pakistan
Author Name: Hamid, Abdul Author name: Ikram, S. M.
Title: Quaid-i-Azam and
Pakistan
Author name: Dani, Ahmed
Hassan
Title :The case for Pakistan
Author name: Rafiq, Afzal M.
Title: Struggle for Pakistan

Author name: Qureshi, I. H.
Title: The Making of Pakistan
Author name: Aziz, K. K.
Title: The Muslim Community

of the Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent
Title: The Emergence of

Pakistan
Author name: Mohammad Ali
Ch.
Title: Towards Pakistan

Author name: Waheed-uzZaman
Title: Pakistan A study of

Political Development 1947-97
Author name: Hamid Yusuf
Title: Ulema in Politics

Title: World Scholars on Quaidi-Azam

Author name: Dani, Ahmed
Hassan
ISLAMIAT (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)
1. Basic Problems of Human Life and their Solutions

Various sources of knowledge-revelation (Wahy) as a source of
knowledge and solution to human problem. Divinity and Supremacy of
Wahy.
2. Need of Religion and its role in Human Life
Islam and other religions.
3. Islam
Its concept and meanings Deen and Muzhab, Islamic concepts of
Universe and Humanity, Place of Humanity in Islam, Man as Vicegerent
of Allah, Chief Characteristics of Islamic Ideology.
4. Fundamental Beliefs and Practices of Islam
(a) Tauheed (Unity of Allah), Risalat (Finality of the
Prophethood), Akhirat (Day of Judgment).
(b) Salat, Soum, Zakat, Hajj. Jehad.
5. Islamic Way of Life
(a) Sources of Shariah: The Quran, Sunnah, Ijma (Consensus),

Qiyas and Ijtihad (reasoning).
(b) Social system in Islam Responsibilities and mutual
relationship of members of family, separate role of man and
woman in an Islamic Social set up. concept of Womans freedom
in Islam. Responsibilities of man and woman in characterbuilding of new generation.
(c) Morality in Islam Concept of morality, Relationship of
morality and Faith, Islamic principles and methods of characterbuilding, Moral values in Islam.
(d) Islamic Political System :
(i) Legislative System
(ii) Judicial System
(e) Muslim ummuh Role and objectives of Muslim Ummah.
6. Quranic Ayat and their Translation.
Following last 10 surrah of the Holy Quran with their translations :
1. SURRAH AL-FEEL
2. SURRAH AL-QURESH
3. SURRAH AL-MAOON
4. SURRAH AL-KAUSAR
5. SURRAH AL-KAFAROON
6. SURRAH AN-NASR
7. SURRAH AL-L'AHAB
8. SURRAH- AL- AKHLAS
9. SURRAH ALFALAK
10. SURRAH-AN-NAS
ACCOUNTANCY AND AUDITING

PAPER I (Marks-100)
ACCOUNTING
Principles of Accounting and their applications to all types of Business
Organizations Banking, Insurance, Investment, Trading and Industrial
Concerns, Accounting for non-profit Organisations. Work-sheet. Financial
statements, Financial Reporting, Financial Analysis and Budgeting,
Depreciation, Partnership.
NoteAccounting for Executors, Trustees of Deceased Persons, Liquidators,
Receivers, Official Agencies, Assignees etc. and Accounting for Multinational
Corporation will not be included.
PAPER-II Marks-100
(a) Cost Accounting
Principles of Cost Accounting, Relationship of Cost Accounting to Financial
Accounting, Cost Accounting as a tool of managementuse of Cost
information, Cost flow, Cost elements, Costs classification. Process Cost and
job-order Cost Accounting, Costing for Joint and byProducts. Standard
Cost Accounting, reconciliation of Financial Accounts with Cost Accounts.
(b) Auditing
Principles of Auditing, The Accounting System, Its importance to lndependent Audit, Internal
Control, Internal Audit. Rights and Duties of Auditors. Professional Liabilities of an Auditor.
Application of Auditing Principles and Techniques to all Types of Trading, Commercial.
Industrial, Banking, Insurance and Investment under-takings, Audit programme. Special
Audit Investigation of actual or suspected Frauds, Limitations of Audit, Audit Report,
Certificates and Opinion as required under Companies Act, Securities Exchange Authority
Rules. Auditing and EDP Systems.
(c) Income Tax

Principles for Computing total income and total world income for purposes of
Income Tax, Self Assessment.
Specialised knowledge of Income Tax will not be expected. Candidates will
be required to have a sound grasp of the provisions of Section 10 of the
Income Tax Act and a working knowledgeonly of Sections 9(1), 15, 16(1),
17(1) 19(1), (2), (a), 30(1) & (2). 31(1) 11 No. Schedule (Item No. 66 & 71
to 75)39(1) & (a) 49, 69(4) 12(II), 1st Schedule 53(1), 55(1), 56, 61,
59(1), 60, 62, 68. 12(2) and the connected rules of the Income Tax
Ordinance 1979 as amended todate.
(d) Business Organization and Finance

Nature and Scope of Business Organization, Forms of Business
OrganizationSole Proprietorship, Partnership, Joint Stock Company,
Cooperative Society, Company Promotion and Management, Insurance,
business Combinations, Principles of Business Finance, Short Term,
Intermediate Term and Long Term financing, expansion and contraction,
Ratio analysisSources and flow, statement, Role of Financial Institutions.
Title: Accountancy
Author name: Pickles, W.
Title: Book Keeping and

Accounts
Author name: Big, W.S.
Title: Advanced Accounting Title: Principles and Practice of

Vol. I & II
Book Keeping and Accounts
Author Name: Muin-ud-Din Author name: Vickery, B.G.
Title: Cost Accounting,
Planning and Control
Author name: Matz and
Usry
Title: Cost Accounting
Author name: S. Qavi
Ahmed
Title: Practical Auditing
Author name: Spiecer and
Pegler
Title: Cost Accounting

Author name: Nisar-ud-Din
Title : Auditing
Author name: Dicksee, L.R.
Title: Principles and Procedure
of Auditing
Author name: Kh. Amjad Saeed
Title: Income Tax Law (Latest

Title: Income Tax Ordinance
edition)
1979 (amended to date)
Author name: Kh. Amjad Saeed
Title: Principles and Practice of
Title: Business Organization
Commerce
Author name: Nisar-ud-Din
Author name: Stephenson
Title: Basic Business Finance Title: Income Tax Law Vol. I & II
Author name: Hunt,
(Latest edition)
Williams and Donaldson
Author name: Luqman Baig
Title: Companies Act 1984
ECONOMICS
PAPER I (Marks-100)
1. Micro Economics
Consumer behavior. Determination of market demand and supply, theory of
the Firm, Producers equilibrium, Pricing of the factors of production.
2. Macro Economics
Basic Economic Concepts. National Income Accounting, Consumption
Function and Multiplier, Determination of equilibrium level of income and
output, Inflation.
3. Money and Banking
Functions of Money. Quantity Theory of Money, The Fisher and Cambridge
Formulations. Systems of note issue, Credit Creation, Functions of Central
Banks, Instruments of credit control, Theory of Liquidity Preference.
4. Public Financing
Government expenditure. Sources of Government Revenue, Types of taxes, Incidence of
different taxes, Public Debt, Objectives, methods of repayment. Deficit financing.
5. International Trade
Theory of Comparative costs, Arguments for Protection, Balance of payments, International
liquidity. International Money and Banking Institutions.
PAPER-Il (Marks-100)
PAKISTANS ECONOMY
1. Definition and measurement of Development. Characteristics of under
development, Rethinking on the concept of Development Growth vs.
Redistributive justice, Absolute and Relative Poverty, Basic Needs Approach.
2. Planning Experience of Pakistan : A critical evaluation of the strategy of
economic planning.
3. Agricultural Development in Pakistan Changes in Agricultural Policies over
plan periods, Major Monetary and Fiscal measures to promote Agricultural
development, Green Revolution Strategy and its implications for growth and
redistribution, Land Reforms and changes in the Tenure System l950-1980.
Cooperative Farming.
4. Industrial Development in Pakistan Early industrialisation strategy,
Creation of Financial and Development Institutions, Major monetary and
fiscal measures to promote industrial development. Changing role of public
sector over the plan periods, Evaluation of Nationalisation Policy
Concentration of industrial income and wealth.
5. Role of Foreign Trade and Aid in economic development, Trends in
Pakistans Balance of Payments, Changes in direction of trade, Trends in
Pakistans major exports and imports, Causes of significant changes in the
trends, the role of migration and remittances in Pakistans economy, costs
and benefits of Foreign Aid.
6. Privatization, denationalisation And deregulation, conceptual and
operational aspects, International comparisons.

Title: A Text-book of Economic Title: Economic Development
in the Third World
Theory
Author name: Stonier & Hague Author name: Todaro, M.P
Title: Under Development and
Agrarian Structure in Pakistan Title: Economic of Islam
Author Name: Khan, Mahmood Author name: Ahmed, S.M.
Hassan
Title: Foreign Aid Theory and

Practice in Southern Asia
Author name: Wolf, Jr. DC
Title: Factors in Economic

Development
Author name: Cairncross,
A.K.
Title : Government Finance An Economic Analysis
Author name: Due John, F.
Title: Introduction to
Internation Economics
Author name: Snider, D.A.
Title: Microeconomic Theory

Author name: Ferguson, C.E.
& Gould J.P.
Title: Modern Microeconomics

Author name: Koutsoyiannis,
A.
Title: Microeconomics
Author name: Rudigar
Dorubush & Stanley Fisher
Title: Population Problems

Author name: Theomson &
Lewis
Title: Studies in Economic

Development with Special
reference to Pakistan
Author name: Gouse, A.
Title: The General Theory of

Employment, Interest and
Money
Author name: Keynes, J.M.
Title: The Economics of

Developing Countries
Author name: Hynit, H.
Title: Economics
Author name: Paul, A.
Samuelson
Note: The candidates should be familiar with:Pakistan Economic Survey, Government of Pakistan, Five Year
Plans, Government of Pakistan World Development Reports.
Companies Act 1984
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (Total Marks-100)

Candidates will he asked to attempt total Five questions including one
compulsory (objective type) question. They will attempt at least one
question (out of two) from each part. Short note within the question (withomit choice) can also he given.
PART-I
MANAGEMENT
1. Nature And Scope of Management-Different Schools of thought.

2. Planning - Planning process; Planning tools; Change Management.
3. Organisation - Type of Organisation; Theory of Organisation; Group
dynamics ; Staffing.
4. ActuatingLeading; Approaches to Leadership-Coordinating:
Communicating; Motivating.
5. ControllingBudgetary Control; Budgetary process.
PART-II
PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
An overview of Marketing.
Marketings Role in Society and inside a Firm.
Environment of Marketing.
Strategic Planning and Marketing.
Marketing Mix i.e. Product, Pricing, Place (Distribution, Channels), Wholesaling,
Retailing, Sales Promotion (Advertising, Public Relations).
6. Global Marketing.
PART-III
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (Total Marks-100)
1. Public Administration -Its nature and scope, the role of Public

Administration in a modern Welfare State.
2. Major Schools of thought in Administration, Scientific Management
Movement Human Relationalists; Behavioural School; Systemic theory.
3. Bureaucracy,- Concept of Bureaucracy, Theories of Bureaucracy,
Ecology of Bureaucracy; Bureaucracy of Pakistan as a Change Agent.
4. Administrative Leadership,- Approaches to the study of Leadership,
Forms of Leadership, Leadership qualities.
5. Administrative Accountability,- Internal and External Controls;
Executive Control, Legislative Control, Judicial Control, Ombudsman,
Public Opinion and Pressure Groups; Problems of Administrative,
Accountability in Pakistan.
6. Planning, -Types of Plans, Planning Process; Principles of Planning,

Planning Machinery; the system of planning and programming in
Pakistan, Planning Machinery in Pakistan.
7. Organization, -Types of Organization. Theories of Organization,
Principle of Organization, The Organization of Federal and Provincial
Governments in Pakistan, Public Corporations in Pakistan.
8. Personnel Administration,-Nature and scope of Personnel
Administration; Personnel Functions. Tools of Personnel Management,
Salient Features of the system of Public Personnel Management in
Pakistan.
9. Controlling and Co-ordination - Forms of Controls, Control Mechanism,
the process of Control, Principles of Controlling: Principles of
Coordination; Machinery for Coordination; Problems of Coordination in
Public Administration in Pakistan.
10.
Communication, Types of Communication, Communication
Channels, Communication Process, Principles of Communication.
11.
Financial Administration, - Elements of Financial Administration. Performance and
programmed Budgeting. Capital Budget, Principles of Budgeting, Auditing and
Accounting.

Title: A Handbook of Public
Title: An Introduction to the
Relations
Author name: United Nations Author name: E.N. Cladden
Title: Administrative
Behaviour
Author Name: Herbet, A.
Simon
Title: Bureaucracy: Modern

Society
Author name: Pebr, M. Blau
Title: Human Relations

Administration
Author name: Robert Dubir
Title: Public Administration
Author name: Simon,
Smithuburg & Thompson
Title: An Introduction to the

Study of Public Administration
Author name: L.D. White
Title : Public Administration
Author name: Pfiffner and
Presthus
Title: Public Administration;

Title: Public Administration for
Theory and Practice
a Welfare State
Author name: Fesler, James
Author name: Paul Abbleby
W.
Title: Pakistan in Search of
Democracy 1947-77
Title: Pakistan: The Enigma of

Political Development
Author name: Yusuf, Hamid
Author name: Ziring,

Lawrence
Title: Research on the

Bureaucracy of Pakistan
Author name: Braibanti,
Ralph
Title: The Human Side of

Enterprize
Author name: Douglas Mc
Gregor
Title: The Bureaucracy of

Pakistan
Author name: Charles F.
Kennedy
ISLAMIC HISTORY AND CULTURE (Total Marks-200)

PAPER-I (Marks-l00)
1. Humanity at the dawn of Islam
A brief survey of major world civilization, with special emphasis on
their intellectual, humanistic and special institutions - their impact on
world history.
2. Advent of Islam
Life and teachings of the Holy Prophet. Foundations of a new and
revolutionary world order: Institutions of Islam; Political. Social,
Economic and Legal Structure of the Islamic polity.
The Quran: Emphasis on the study of Nature and Research. Changes
brought by Islam in human thinking and behavior.
3. Foundation of Muslim State
Early conquests of the Khulfa-i-Rashidin; Administrative and legal
structure of the State.
Political and Ideological differences and the emergence of the
Ummayyads: Expansion and consolidation of the Empire.
4. The Grandeur of Islam
Philosophical, scientific and Literary Progress of the Muslims during the
Abbasid period.
5.
The Ottoman Caliphate
Turkish march towards Europe. Political structure of the Turkish Empire, salient
features of their administration, decline and disintegration.
PAPER-II (Marks - 100)
1. Islam in Africa and Spain

2. Muslim achievements in Natural and Social Sciences
Schools of Baghadad, Spain and Iran, Muslim contribution to History,
Science. Medicine and other branches of human civilization.
3. Muslim Arts
Muslims' contribution in architecture, music, painting, handicrafts,
pottery, calligraphy, etc.
4. Renaissance and Reformation
Origin of this intellectual revolution; Contribution of Muslim
Universities and Seminaries in Spain and Baghdad:
Dissemination of Muslim learnings in the West.
5. Modern World
Impact of Islam on Western thought, social institutions and economic
policies.
Title: Discovering Islam Making Sense of Muslim HistoryTitle: Islam: Ideology and
Leading Issues
and Society
Author name: Ahmed, Akbar Author name: Ali, Anwar
S.
Title: The Spirit of Islam
Author Name: Ali, S. Ameer
Title: Aspects of Islamic

Civilization: The Muslim World
Depicted Through Its Literature
Author name: Arberry, A.J.
Title: The Preaching of Islam A History of the Muslim Faith

Author name: Arnold, T.W.
Title: History of the Islamic
People
Author name: Brockelmann,
Carl (ed)
Title: The History of

Philosophy in Islam
Author name: Boer, T.J. De
Title: Studies on the

Civilization of Islam
Author name: Gibb Hamilton
A.R.
Title: The Religion of Islam

Vol. I & II
Author name: Glawash,
Ahmed A.
Title: Classical Islam; A

History 600-1258
Author name: Grunebaum,
G.E. Voni
Title: Cambridge History of

India
Author name: Holts, P.M. and
Lewis, Bernard
Title: Islam Resurgent: The

Islamic World Today
Author name: Irving, T.B.
Title: Islam: From Prophet

Muhammad to the Capture of
Constantinpole
Title :Spanish Islam

Author name: Dozy, R.
Author name: Lewis, Bernard

Title: Islam in History
Author name: Munir,
Muhammad
Title: Islam and the Modern

World
Author name: Nadawi, Abu
Hassan Ali
Title: The Making of the Past; Title: A History of Medieval

the Spread of Islam
Islam
Author name: Rogers, Michael Author name: Saunders, J.J.
Title: Introduction to Islamic
Civilization
Author name: Savory, R.M.
(ed)
Title: The Legecy of Islam

Author name: Schacht,
Joseph & Bosworth, C.E. (eds)
Title: Islamic History - A New Title: A History of Muslim

Interpretation AD 750 - 1055 Philosophy
Author name: Shaban, M.A. Author name: Sharif, M.M.
Title: Muslim Thought: Its
Origin and Achievements
Author name: Mohammed
Hanif Nadvi
Title: Studies in Islamic

History
Author name: Siddiqi, Amir
Hassan
HISTORY OF PAKISTAN AND INDIA (Total Marks-200)

PAPER I (Marks-100)
1. 712-1857 (Excluding arrival of European nations decline and fall of
Muslim Rule)
2. Arrival of the Muslims in the sub-continent, foundation of Muslim Rule
- administrative system and reforms under the Sultans and the
Mughals.
3. Structure of the Muslim society.
4. Industry, trade and commerce under the Muslim patronage. the Army.
Financial administration, Zakat. Ushr. Kharaj etc.
5. Administration of Justice - Sufis and Ulema the Madrassahs and
Maktabs - Auqaf
6.
Art and architecture. literature, sports, dressMuslim contribution to scientific
knowledge Policy of the Muslim rules towards non-Muslims. The spirit and legacy
of Muslim civilization.
PAPER II (Marks-100)
Part A
1. 1857-1947 - Arrival of European nationsdecline and fall of Muslim
Rule, contributions of Shah Wali Ullah, Syed Ahmed Shaheed and Sir
Syed Ahmed Khan towards regeneration of the Muslim Hindu reform
movements and anti-Muslim role of Hindu leaders.
2. Constitutional reforms of the British Government and growth of the
Political PartiesIndian National Congress. All India Muslim league
Partition of Bengal. Simla Deputation. Role of Nawab Mohsin-uI-MuIk.
Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk.
3. Syed Ameer Ali, the Agha Khan and other Muslim leaders Lucknow
pact: Khilafat movement Contribution of Maulana Muhammad Ali,
Allama Iqbal, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad All Jinnah for Muslim uplift
and welfare.
4. Nehru report, Quaid-i-Azams Fourteen Points. Allama Iqbal's
Allahabad Address 1930, Round Table Conference. The Congress role
in the provinces, Lahore Resolution 1940, various missions and plans
for the partition of the sub-continent.
5. Quaid-i-Azam as an organizer of the Muslim League Muslim leader and
maker of Pakistan.
PAKISTAN SINCE 1947
Part B
1. Constitution making in Pakistanvarious attempts at constitution
making. Difficulties in establishing a parliamentary democracy.
imposition of various Martial Laws, nature of Pakistans economy.
development plaits. Role of foreign aid.
2. Separation of East Pakistan, causes and effect: Pakistan and the
worldmajor powers, Islamic world, relations with India.
3. Social and intellectual trends after 1947. Contribution of Quaid-i Azam
as First Governor General and Liaquat All Khan as first Prime Minister.

Title: Constitutional
Development in Pakistan
Author name: G.W.
Choudhry
Title: Constitutional History of

India
Author name: Keith A.B.
Title: Early India & Pakistan

Author Name: Wheeler
Mortimer
Title: Five Thousand Years of

Pakistan
Author name: Wheeler R.E.M.
Title: Government and Politics

in Pakistan
Title: Pakistan & India
Author name: Ahmed
Author name: G.W. Choudhry
Mushtaq
Title: Political System in
Title :Pakistan; The Formitive
Pakistan
Phase
Author name: Khalid Bin
Author name: Khalid Bin Saeed
Saeed
Title: Studies in Islamic
Title: The Making of Pakistan
Culture in Indian Environment
Author name: Richard Symond
Author name: Aziz Ahmed
Title: Political Parties in
Title: The Great Divide; Britain,
Pakistan Vol. I & II
India and Pakistan
Author name: Afzal, Rafique Author name: Hodson, H.V.
Title: The Pakistan Experience Title: A History of India
- State and Religion
Author name: Kulke, Hermann
Author name: Khan, Asghar & Rothermond, Dietmar
Title: Pakistan in Transition
Author name: Wriggins,
W.H. (ed)
POLITICAL SCIENCE (Total Marks-200)

PAPER - I (Marks-100 )
PART 'A'
1. Political Theory
1. Western Political Thought
Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Montesquieu, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau,
Bentham, Mill, Marx, Lenin, Mao
2. Muslim Political Thought
AI-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, Nizam-ul-Mulik Tusi, Al-Ghazali, Ibn-I-Khaldun,
Iqbal
PART B
2. The nature and emergence of Modern state system, Islamic concept of
state.
3. Political concepts, Sovereignty, Law, Liberty, Equality, Rights and Duties.

4. Political Dynamics: Public Opinion, Propaganda, Political Parties, Pressure
Groups.
5. Political Institutions: Legislature, Executive, Judiciary. Political Elites, Civil
and Military Bureaucracy.
6. Forms of Government: Monarchy, Democracy. Dictatorship Unitary and
Federal, Presidential and Parliamentary.
7. Totalitarianism: Fascism, Communism.
8. Local Self-government: Theory and Practice with special reference to
Pakistan.
PAPER-II (Marks - 100)
PART A
1. Selected Political Systems: Nature and dynamics of major political
institutions in U.S.A., U.K., France and Former Soviet Union,
PART B
2. Political Systems of developing countries: Turkey, Iran, India and China.
3. Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia with special reference to the role of Sir Syed
Abmed Khan, lqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah.
4. A comparative and critical analysis of the 1956, 1962, 1973 and 1985 Constitutions of
Pakistan.

Title: History of Muslim
Philosophy
Author name: M.M. Sharif
Development in Pakistan
Author name: G.W. Choudhry
Title: Comparative Politics; A Title: Contemporary Political

World View
Analysis
Author Name: Almond &
Author name: Garles Worth
Powell
James
Title: Government &
Parliament: A Survey from the Title: Government and Politics
Inside
in Pakistan
Author name: Herbert
Author name: Mushtaq Ahmed
Morrison
Title: History of Political
Title : History of Political
Theory
Theories
Author name: George H.
Author name: William A.
Sabine
Dunning
Title: Political Thought in
Medieval Islam
Author name: Rosenthal
Title: Modern Islamic State

Author name: Rosenthal
Title: Political Thought in

Perspective
Title: Pattern of Government

Author name: Samuel H. Beer
Author name: William

Edenstein
& Adam B. Ullam
Title: Pakistan: A Political

Title: Politics, Parties and
Study
Pressure Groups
Author name: Keith Callard Author name: V.O. Key Jr.
Title: Modern Political
Systems: Asia
Author name: Roy, C.
Macradis (ed)
Title: Politics in Pakistan:

Nature and Direction of Change
Sayeed
Title: Reflection on
Government
Author name: Earnest
Barker
Title: South-East Asia Political

System
Author name: Lucian W. Pye
Title: Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi,

Title: The Political System of
Published by Muhammad Ashraf,
Pakistan
Lahore, 1978
Author name: Rizvi, S. Rizwan
Sayeed
Ali
Title: Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi
(Urdu), Karachi University
1995
Author name: Prof. Dr.
Rizwan Ali Rizvi
SOCIOLOGY (Total Marks-100)

1. Individual, Culture and Society : Individual as a social product. The
variety of social forms. Methods of socialization, Ethnocentricism,
Norms and Values, Cultural Patterns, Varieties of sub-cultures.
2. Sociological Theory : The sociological perspectives Evolutionary,
order and conflict, Evolutionary Theorists : Ibn-i-Khaldun Spencer and
Tannis, Order Theorists: August Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber,
Conflict Theorists : George Hegel. Karl Mars. Lewis Coser, Mills.
3. Methods of Sociological Research: Research Design, Surveys,
Participant Observation. Experiments, Case Studies.
4. Social Interaction : Significance of social classes. Forms of social
classesTribes. Biradaris, Castes, Classes and Feudal system in
Pakistan. Social Mobility-nature of social mobility. Mobility
determinants in Pakistan society, Social immobility. Culture in
poverty.
5. Social Control: Mechanisms of social controlinternal and external

means of social control. Alienation, Integrationintegrative pat terns
in Pakistani Society.
6.
Social and Cultural Change and Social Policy Processes of Social and Cultural
Changediscovery, invention, diffusion. Factors in the rate of social and culture
change, Incentives and inhibitions to social and cultural change in Pakistan Social
planning and directed social and cultural change.
7.
8. Community: The rural community, Traditional Characteristics of rural
life, The urban community. RuralUrban convergence, Urbanism,
Future of cities in Pakistan.
9. Social Institutions: The nature and genesis of institutions, the process
of institutions, Functions and Trade of Social Institutions, Family,
Religion, Educational, Economic and Political Institutions.
10.
Social Problems in Pakistan: Population Growth. Demographic
Transition: Deviant Behaviour, Institutionalised evasions, social
conflicts, internal and international Migration, Aging, Drug abuse,
Prostitution. Smuggling, Illiteracy and Poverty.
Title: Anthropology: The
Study of Man
Author name: Adamson
Hoebel, E.
Title: Pakistani Society

Author name: Akbar Ahmed, S.
Title: Contemporary Social

Problems
Author Name: Robert K.
Merton
Title: Contemporary Sociological

Theories
Author name: Pitrim Sorokin
Title: Family in Asia

Author name: Man Singh
Das & Pahos D. Bardis
Title: Master of Sociological
Thought
Author name: Lewis A.
Coser
Title: Ibn-i-Khaldun: His Life

and Works
Author name: M. Abdullah Enan
Title: Sociology
Author name: Ogburn &
Nimkoff
Title: Strategies in Social

Research
Author name: Smith, H.W.
Title: Sociology; Role &
Title: Social Problems
Title :Pakistani Society

Author name: M. Iqbal
Chaudhry
Relationship
Author name: Everett K.
Wilson
Author name: Jon. M. Shepard

& Voss
Title: Social Change and

Title: Feudal System in Pakistan
History
Author name: Nawab Haider
Author name: Robert Nisbet Naqvi
Title: The Sociology of Rural
Title: The Sociology of Social
Life
Problems
Author name: Lynn Smith,
Author name: Horton & Leslie
T.
Title: The Sociology of
Religion
Author name: Max Weber
JOURNALISM (MASS COMMUNICATION) (Total Marks-100)

Note: Candidate will be asked to attempt total five questions including one
compulsory (objective type) question. They will attempt at least two
questions from each Section. Short note within the question (without choice)
can also be given.
SECTION 'A'
1. Concept and process of communication : Source, Message, Channel,
Destination. Encoding, Decoding, Noise, Feedback Oral vs. Written
Communication, Two step flow of Communication, Role of Opinion
Leader.
2. Information and Journalism-Functions : Scanning the Horizon and
reporting back.
o
o
o
o
News function
Educational Function
Opinion for motives
Entertainment function
3. Pakistan Press, An overview of the evolution of the Muslim Press in

South Asia before 1947 and development of the Pakistan Press since
1947, its social economic aspect; Trends and Characteristics: Problems
and Prospects.
4. Mass Media Components, functions and effects, Mass Media in
Pakistan: Size and dispersion: Role in national development, Prospects
and problems.
SECTION 'B'
5. News. Principles and techniques of News writing. Editorial Definition,

ingredients, Types and functions of writing of Editorials.
6. Public Relations : Definition, Purpose and scope, Ethics, PR in Pakistan
Duties of PRO: PR Procedures and Processes.
7. Magazine Journalism: Mag-Journalism in Pakistan. Types, Functioning
Purpose its social aspects and scope.
8. Press Release, Press Note, and Press Communication: Definitions and
Basic ingredients, Writing of Press Release, Press Note and Press
Communique.
9. Advertising: Definition, functions, types and purpose. Its social and
economic aspects, principles of successful advertising.
10.
Press Laws: Press Laws in Pakistan (gradual developments) and
the Right to Know concepts of press freedom and responsibility, Ethics
of Journalism.
Title: Advertising Operations
and Management
Author name: Beinton
Title: Contemporary Public

Relations
Author name: Garkan Gene &
Scott
Title: Communication in
Power
Author Name: Herbert
Brucver
Title: Exploring Journalism

Author name: Wosley and
Campbell
Title: Editor and Editorial

Writing
Author name: A Gayle
Waldrop
Title: Journalism in Pakistan
Author name: Dr. Abdus
Salam Khurshid
Title: Handbook of Public

Relations
Author name: Stephenson,
Howard
Title: Newspaper
Organization and
Management
Author name: Rucker
Title: Practical Newspaper

Reporting
Author name: Geofrey Haris &
David Spark
Title :Mass Communication

Author name: Wilbur Schram
Title: Process and Effects of

Mass Communication
Title: Radio & T.V. Writing
Author name: Wilbur
Author name: Max Wylic
Schram
Title: Sahafat Pakistan-o-Hind
Title: Iblagh-e-Aama (Urdu)
Mein (Urdu)
Author name: Mehdi Hassan
Author name: Dr. Abdus Salam
Khurshid
Title: Fun-e-Idarat (Urdu)
Title: Fun-e-Sahafat (Urdu)
Author name: Dr. Maskin AliAuthor name: Dr. Abdus Salam
Hijazi
Khurshid
Title: Fun-e-Idaria Naweesi
(Urdu)
Author name: Dr. Maskin Ali
Hijazi
COMPUTER SCIENCE (Total Marks-100)

Candidates will be asked to attempt total five questions including one
compulsory objective type question. They will attempt atleast one question
from each section. Each question will carry 20 marks.
SECTION 'A'
Computer Architecture
Introduction to modern machine Architecture, Storage Hierarchy Main/
Virtual/ Cache/ Secondary Memory, CPU, ALU, Peripheral communication,
Designing of Instruction set, Stored program concept. Introduction to
parallel computing; SIMD/MIMD.
Operating System
Functions/Types of operating systems, Processes, Interprocess Communication/
Synchronization/Co-ordination, Process Scheduling Policies, Virtual Memory Management
Techniques: Paging/Segmentation, File Management Systems.
Computer Networks
LAN/WAN/MAN, Communication channels, Internetworking, Internet, Network layer
structure, ISO Internet Protocol, OSI/TCP/IP reference model.
SECTION - B
Structured and Object Oriented Programming
Basics of C/C++ environment, memory concepts. operators, control
structures, selection structures, Array & functions/methods, classes & data
Abstractions, inheritance and polymorphism.
Data Structures and Algorithms
Pseudo language, Functions, Iteration, Recursion, Time/Complexity Analysis,
Stacks Queue, hashing. linked list, Searching; Sequential. Binary, Soiling
Algorithms, Graphs Algorithms, Tree Algorithms, Trees, ADTs,
Implementation using Structured/object oriented languages.
Software Engineering
Introduction to Software Engineering, Software life cycle, Software Design
Methodologies: Structured/Object oriented, Software documentation and
Management, Introduction to CASE tools.
SECTION - C
Data Base Management
Data Models, E-R Models, Relational Database concepts, SQL, Normalization,
Database Design.
Web Programming
HTML, CGI, PERL, JAVA: Applet/Script, WWW, Web based unit face Design.
Computer Graphics
Fundamentals of input, display and hard copy devices, scan conversion of
geometric primitives. 2D and 3D geometric transformations, clipping and
windowing, scene modeling and animation, algorithms for visible and surface
determination.
Title: Computer Concepts, 3rd
Edition, ITP, 1998
Author name: J.J. Parsond &
D. Oja
Title: Mathematical Structures

for Computer Science, Freeman
& Company
Author name: G.L. Gersting
Title: JavaScript: The

Title: The HTML Sourcebook,
Definitive Guide, 2/e, OReilly,
Wiley, 1996
1997
Author name: I.S. Graham
Author Name: D. Flanagan
Title: Computer Science: An
overview, 6/e, AddisonWesley, 1998
Author name: J.G.
Brookshear
Title: Web Page Scripting
Techniques, Hayden Books,
1996
Author name: J. Bloomberg,
J. Kawaski J. and P. Treffers
Title: The Art of Computer
Programming, AddisonWesley;
Vol. 1 Fundamental
Algorithms, 3/e, 1997
Vol. 3 Sorting and Searching,
2/e, 1998
Author name: D.E. Knuth
Title: Java: An Object First

Approach, Addison-Wesley,
1998
Author name: F. Culwin
Title :Computer Organization
and Architecture: Designing for
Performance; 4/e, Prentice-Hall
1997
Author name: W. Stallings
Title: Algorithms and Data

Structures, Prentice-Hall, 1985
Author name: N. Wirth
Title: Introduction to Database

Title: Software Engineering,
Systems, 6/e, Addison-Wesley
6/e 1998
1996
Author name: Ian Sommerville
Author name: C.J. Date
Title: Software Engineering: A

Title: Computer Networks, 3rd
Practitioners Approach 4/e,
Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1996
McGraw-Hill, 1997
Author name: S. Tanenbaum
Author name: R. Pressman
Title: Operating System
Title: Computer Graphics:
Concepts, 4/e, Addison
Principles and Practice, 2/e,
Wesley, 1996
Addison-Wesley 1996
Author name: Silberschatz & Author name: Foly/Van Dam/
J. Peterson
Feiner/Hughes
Title: C++: How to Program,
Title: Computer Networks and
Prentice-Hall, 1998
Internet, Prentice-Hall, 1998
Author name: H.M. Deitel, P.J.
Author name: D.E. Comer
Deitel
Title: Database Processing,
Fundamentals, Design
Title: Data and Computer
Implementation; 4th edition, Communication, 5th Edition,
Macmillan Publishing Company, Prentice-Hall International,
New York 1993
1997
Author name: David M.
Author name: W. Stallings
Kropnke
STATISTICS (Total Marks-100)
1. Basic Probability Axiomatic definition of probability, random variable,

distribution function, probability density function, mathematical
expectation; conditional probability, jointly distributed random
variables, marginal and conditional distributions, conditional
expectation, stochastic independence.
2. Some Special Distributions : Binomial, poison. negative binomial,
hypergeometric, normal distributions with their derivation of their
mean and variance; Definition and Application of chisquare, "T" and F
distributions.
3.
Statistical Inference: Maximum likelihood estimation of the mean and the variance of
a normal population; confidence interval for mean, difference of means and for
variance: testing hypothesis for the equality of two means (paired and unpaired
observations); testing of equality of sever al means (ANOVA) and testing of variance
and equality of two variance.
4.
5. Correlation and regression: Simple linear regression model point and

interval estimation of parameters, Simple Partial, Multiple Correlation
and testing of these correlations.
6. Sampling, Simple random, stratified, systematic and cluster sampling,
estimates of mean and total and their precision.
7. Applications of Statistics in social, economic and political problems
public health, crimes, Law, social innovations economic development,
socio-political inequality.
Title: Introduction to the
Theory of Statistics
Author name: Mood,
Graybill and Boes
Title: Mathematical Statistics

Author name: Freund
Title: Mathematical
Statistics
Author Name: Hood and
Craig
Title: Sampling Techniques (3e)

Author name: Cochran and Cox
Title: Statistics: An
Introductory Analysis
Author name: Yamane
Title: Statistics: A Guide to the

Unknown
Author name: Tanur; Hudith
(ed)
GEOLOGY (Total Marks-200)

PAPER - I (Marks - 100)
1. General Geology:
Earth as a planet. its origin and age. Internal structure of the earth
and lithospheric plates. Internal and external geological processes
such as earth-quakes, volcanism, weathering, erosion and deposition.
Geomorphic cycles.
2. Structural Geology:
Primary sedimentary structures. Mechanical properties of rocks.
Description and classification of secondary structures. Structures in
Metamorphic rocks. Orogeny and geosynclines in plate tectonic
framework. Major tectonic features of the earth. Geodynamics of
Pakistan.
3. Palaeontology:
Fossils and their preservation. Morphology, evolution and geologic
distribution of major invertebrate phylla. Micropalaeontology of
Foraminifera. Vertebrate and plant fossils.
4. Stratigraphy:
Stratigraphic nomenclature, and stratigraphic codes. Principles of
correlation. Sedimentary basins of Pakistan and detailed stratigraphy
of type sections.
5. Mineralogy:
Chemical composition of the earth crust. Minerals. their physical and
chemical properties. Space lattice. symmetry classes and crystal
systems. Crystal optics. Atomic structure of crystals and X-Ray
diffraction. Detailed study of important rock forming minerals.
6.
Petrology:
Origin and evolution of magma. Binary and Termary silicate systems. Description of
important plutonic and volcanic associations. Sedimentary environments and
processes. Petrography of major types of sedimentary rocks. Metamorphism.
metamorphic zones and facies. Description of principle types of metamorphic rocks.
Metamorphism and magmatism in relation to plate tectonics.
PAPER - II (Marks 100)

1. Economic Geology:
Processes of formation of mineral deposits. Detailed study of metallic
and non-metallic mineral deposits of Pakistan. Mineral based
industries. Metallogeny of Pakistan.
2. Energy Resources:
Constitution and kinds of coal. Geology of Pakistan coal fields. Origin,
migration and accumulation of natural hydro carbons. Oil well drilling
and drilling muds. Oil and gas fields of Pakistan. Origin and occurrence
of radioactive minerals. Pakistan resource of atomic energy minerals.
Geothermal energy: recovery and uses.
3. Engineering Geology:
Geological factors in the construction of civil engineering projects.
Geology of Dam Sites of Pakistan. Landslides and stability of slopes.
Open and subsurface excavations. Construction materials and building
stones. Site investigation and foundation analysis.
4. Hydrogeology:
Groundwater occurrence and types of acquifers. Movement of
groundwater. Salinity and waterlogging. Water resources of Pakistan.
5. Exploration Geology:
Geological mapping and tradition prospecting methods. Photogeology
and remote sensing mineral exploration. Disperson of trace elements
and geochemical surveys. Geophysical techniques for prospecting of
solid minerals, oil and water.
ZOOLOGY (Total Marks-200)
PAPER - I (Marks 100)
INVERTEBRATE AND CHORDATE ZOOLOGY
The candidates will be required to attempt five questions-three from Part - A
and two from Part - B.
PART - A
Invertebrate
General organization (general morphology, mode of life adaptations life
cycles and economic importance) of the following groups with special
reference to the topics mentioned in each group.
Protozoa: Parasitism, conjugation and autogamy, medical importance.

Porifera: Canal system, skeletal structures and their taxonomic value,
position of porifera in the Animal Kingdom.
Coelenterata: Polymorphism; measenteries corals and coral reefs.
Platyhelminthes: Parastic adaptations, medical importance
Nematoda: Medical importance.
Anneilda: Coelom, metamerism,
Mollusca: Shell, modifications of foot, feeding, respiration, shell
fishery,
Arthropoda: Appendages, feeding: respiration, larvae.
Echinodermata: Skeleton, water vascular system, larvae.
PART - B
Chordata
Origin; comparative account of skeleton, circulatory, Cell Biology, Morphology excretory and
nervous systems, development (egg types, cleavage, blastula and gastrula, germ
layer/formation, embryonic membranes and placentation) natural history (mode of life,
migration, adaptations, biting mechanism of snakes).
PAPER - II (Marks 100)
GENERAL ZOOLOGY
The candidates will be required to attempt at least one question from each
part.
Part - A
Cell Biology: Morphology. Chemical composition and functions of nucleus,
nuclear inclusions and cytoplasmic organelles, protein synthesis and
molecular genetics. mechanism of mitosis and meiosis.
Part - B
General Physiology: Respiration, respiratory mechanism, respiratory
pigments, transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide, circulation :
haemodynamics, control of cardiovascular system, nutrition: modes of
nutrition, digestion and assimilation of food stuff, Excretion: nature and
sources of substances excreted, modes of excretions, Nervous system, nerve
impulses, Hormones and their biological action.
Part - C
Genetics: Mendelian principles, multiple alleles, interaction of genes: linkage
and crossing over, mapping of genes, sex determination and sex linkage,
mutations, chromosoinal aberrations, gene concept.
Part - D
Evolution: Origin of life, organic diversity, theories to account for organic
diversity, Phylogeny and ontogeny, species concept, mechanism of
evolution, modem concept of natural selection, evolutionary trends.
Part - E
Ecology : Concept of ecosystem, biogeochemical cycles, animal adaptations
to major habitats, environmental pollution and its effect on life.
Title: A Text Book of Zoology
(Invertebrate)
Author name: Parker and
Haswell
Title: Comparative Anatomy

of the vertebrates
Author name: George C.kent
Title: Invertebrate Zoology

Author Name: Hegner and
Engemann
Title: Cell structure and

Function (Eighth)
Author name: Loewy and
siekevitz
Title: Cell and Molecular

Biolohgy (Eighth Edition)
Author name: DeRobbertis.E.O.D.& De-
Title: Fundamentals of
Ecology
Author name: Odum
Robertis.EMF.
Title: Principles of Genetics
Author name: Strickberger
Title :Introduction
to Evolution
Author name: Moody
Title: Modern Genetics

Author name: Ayala.F.J.and
kiger.J.A.Jr.
Title: Text Book of Medical

Physiology
Author name: Guyot.W.B
Title: Molecular Biology of Gene

Author name: Watson.J.D.
LAW (Total Marks-200)

Paper I (Marks - 100)
Civil Procedure Code, Contract Act and Law of Torts.
Paper II (Marks - 100)
Qanun-e-Shahadat 1984, Code of Criminal Procedure and Panel Code.
Title: Criminal Procedure Code Title: Law of Torts
Author name: Choudhry, A.
Author name: Shaukat
M.
Mahmud
Title: Pakistan Panel Code
Author Name: Shaukat
Mahmud
Title: Qanun-e-Shahadat
Author name: 1984
Title: The Law of Contract

Author name: Dr. M. A.
Mannan
Title: The Civil Procedure

Code
Author name: Aamir Raza
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW (Total Marks-100)
Constitutional Law: Principles of Constitutional Law with special reference to

United Kingdom, United States of America, France, Former Union of Soviet
Socialist Republic, Pakistan and India.
Title: Constitution of Pakistan
Author name: Monir, M.
Development of Pakistan
Author name: Choudhry, A.
G.
Title: Introduction to the

Title: Governments and Parties
Study of the Law of the
in Continental Europe
Constitution
Author Name: Lowell, A. L.
Author name: Dicey
MERCANTILE LAW (Total Marks-100)

Mercantile Law: The main principles of law relating to Agreements;
Contracts; Bailment; Pledge; Sale of Goods Act; Agency; Partnership Act;
Indemnity and Guarantee; Negotiable Instruments Act; Companies
Ordinance 1984; Contract Act; Life, Fire and Marine Insurances, Law of
Arbitration.
Title: A Hand Book of Company Title: A Manual of Mercantile
Law
Law
Author name: Hashmi, I.R. &
Author name: Choudhry A. M. Latif Ahmed
Title: Contract Act
Title: Insurance Law
Author Name: Mannan, M. A. Author name: Farani
Title: Negotiable Instruments
Act
Author name: Khergermvala
Title: Sales of Goods and

Partnership Acts
Author name: Pollock and
Mulla
Title: Arbitration Act., 1940
MUSLIM LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE (Total Marks-100)
1. The Islamic Law as administered in Pakistan.

2. Principals of Islamic Jurisprudence.
Candidates will be expected to show some familiarity with the original
sources.
Title: Principles of
Mohammadan Law
Author name: Mulla, D. F.
URDU (Total Marks-200)
Title: The Principles of

Mohammadan Jurisprudence
Author name: Sir Abdul
Rahim
BRITISH HISTORY (Total Marks-200)

British History - The history of the British Isles and of the British Empire and
Commonwealth.
Paper I Marks- 100
From 1688 to 1850
Paper II (Marks - 100)

From 1850 to the present day.
Note-Credit will be given in both the papers. not only for precise presentation of facts, but
also for sound critical judgment.

Title: A Text Book of Modern
Title: A Text Book of European
English History
Author name: Southgate,
G.W.
History
Author name: Southgate,
G.W.
Title: England in the

Eighteenth Century
Author Name: Serlley, W.T.
Title: Europe since Napoleon

Harmonswarth
Author name: Thompson,
David
Title: English Social History

Author name: Trevelyan,
G.M.
Title: History of Britain

Author name: Carter, E.H.
Title: History of England

Author name: Wood, E.L.
Title :Modern Britain

Author name: Derry, J.K. &
Jarman, T.L.
Title: The Struggle of Mastery Title: The penguin Dictionary of

in Europe 1848-1918
English & European History
Author name: Taylor, AJP
Author name: William, E.N.
Title: Britain Between the
Title: Democracy: Great Britain
Wars
1815-1914
Author name: Movat, Charles
Author name: Bentley, Michael
L.
EUROPEAN HISTORY (Total Marks-200)

PAPER - I (1789 -1914) (Marks - 100)
1. French Revolution
Background, Old Regime, Philosophers, Estate General. National
Assembly, Englands Reaction, Panies in the Legislative Assembly, The
fall of Monarchy, European coalition against France and the War, the
second and the third partition of Poland, the Terror and the end of
Terror. France and Europe 1793 - 95.
2. Napoleon Bonaparte
The rise of Napoleon to power. Napoleon as Emperor, statesman and
warrior, Napoleon and Europe, the continental system, the fall of
Napoleon, Englands role in the catastrophe of Napoleon.
3. Vienna Settlement and concept of Europe
Treaty of Chaumont, First treaty of Paris. Second treaty of Paris,
Treaty of Vienna, Holy Alliance, Quadruple Alliance, Congress System
and failure of congress system, British Leadership.
4. England 1814 to 1833
Effects of War period, constitutional development, progress in
industry, Agriculture and Culture.
5.
Europe 1815 to 1848

The forces of continuity and reaction. Metternich system, the force of change and
progress, Nationalism, Democracy, Liberalism, Socialism. Revolution in France 1830,
Revolution in France in 1848 and the sequence of revolutions in Europe.
6.
7. The Eastern Question 1820 to 1878
Background, the Greek Revolt 120 to Independence 1832, the Crimean
War 1853 to 1856 and Peace Treaty of Paris, Pan Slavisin, The RussoTurkish War 1877, the treaty of San Stefano. The Congress and the
treaty of Berlin 1878.
8. Risorginmento and the Union of Italy
Revolutionary movements in Italy, Mazzini, Cavour and other
architects of Italian unification, Napoleon Ill and Italian Unity. Foreign
Policy of Italy after unification to 1914
9. Unification of Germany
Background, Napoleon and Germany, Rise of Prussia, Zollverein,
Revolution of 1848 and Germany, Rise of Bismark and his role as
architect of German Unity, Wars with Denmark, Austria and France.
Domestic and foreign policy of Bismark from 1870 to 1890. Foreign
Policy of Germany from 1890 to 1914.
10.
The growth of Colonisation and of Overseas Empire 1815 92
Different forms of colonisation, British Colonial policy and expansion,
The French Colonial Policy and expansion, The French in North Africa,
Suez Canal, Anglo French Control in Egypt, Russia in the Caucasus and
Turkistan, Anglo-Russian Results of Colonial development.
11.
England 1893 to 1910
Social and constitutional reforms, material progress, social thought
and culture.
12.
Road to the First World War
Alliances and counter alliances, Drickaiserbund, Austro German
alliance 1879, Triple alliance 1882, The formation of Dualalliance
1891-93, Anglo-Japanese alliance, French British and Russo British
Entente, their crises - Algeeiras, Bosnia, Agadir, German Navy,
Baghdad Railway, Balkan crises, The cause of First World War.
PAPER - II (1914 -1960) (Marks - 100)
1. First World War

Events - U.S.As entry into the War, Wilsons 14 points, the choice of
the Turks, War in the Middle East Britains Middle East Policy during
the War, Balfour Declaration, Defeat of Germany, Austria and Turkey,
effects of the War.
2. Peace Treaties
The Treaty of Versailles, The big four, The basis of the Treaty, The
Treaty of Versailles and the U.S. The treaties of St. Germain and
Trianon, The treaty of Serres, the Treaty of Lausanne.
3. The League of Nations
The Covenant, the League between the two Wars, causes of failure.
4. Marxism and the Soviet Union
The Russian Revolution 1917, Lenin. The Third International 1919,
Civil War in Russia, Trotsky. The Constitution of the U.S.S.R. Stalin,
First Five year Plan. Purges, The Russian foreign policy between the
two Wars.
5. Italy and Fascism
Effects of the War on Italy. Mussolini's rise to power, Fascist party and
Principles, Italys foreign policy between the two Wars.
6. Germany and Nazism
Germany from the Versailles Treaty to Hitler, Origins of Nazism, Mein
Kamph, Hitler's rise to power, Domestic Policy of Hitler, the
Totalitarian State, Hitlers foreign policy.
7. France between the two Wars
Defects of the French Constitution, collapse of the Third Republic.
Foreign Policy of France between the Wars.
8. England between the two Wars
Disadvantages of Parliamentary Government, Cabinet Government in
England. Depression of 1929 and England, Stability of British Common
Wealth. Foreign Policy of England between the Wars.
9. The Second World War
Causes, the events, Atlantic Charter, Tehran. Yalta and Postdam
conferences, the allied victory. effect of the war
10.
The U.N.O.
Origin, the Charter of the U.N.O., U.N.O. as peace keeping force
11.
The Political State of Europe 1945 - 50
The new Balance of Power in Europe, Russian domination of Eastern
Europe, Decisions on Germanys Future, Economic Collapse of Western
Europe and recovery, Marshall Plan, Cold War, The Blockade of Berlin.
N.A.T.O.
12.
The Rise of Russia as a Great power
The effects of the War on Russia. the fruit of victory. Warsaw Pact.
Russias efforts to spread its influence in Eastern Europe. Asia, Africa
and Latin-America 1945 to 1960.
13.
France after the Second World War
Fourth French Republic. French Colonial Policy after Second World War,
Algeria. Indochina, De Gaules domestic and foreign policy.
14.
England after the Second World War
The rise of Labour Party, Economic Policy of the Labour Party's
Government, Englands Colonial Policy after the Second World War,
Decline of England as World Power, British Common Wealth. England
and the Common Market. England and the Middle East 1945 to 1960.
15.
Europe and Common Market
The origin and evolution of the European Common Market upto 1960.
16. USA HISTORY (Total Marks-100)
History of the USA
Facts of political history from the early settlers to the present day. Questions will also
be asked on economic and constitutional development of the USA.
Note: Credit will be given not only for precise presentation of facts but also for
sound critical judgment.
Title: America at 1750, A
Title: A Pocket History of the
Social Portrait
United States
Author name: Nevnis, Allan
Author name: Hofstadter,
and Cammager
Richard
Title: American Foreign Policy Title: Abolitionism: A New
since World War-II
Perspective
Author Name: Henry Sterl
Author name: Sorin, Gerald
Title: American
Individualism: A study of its
Origin and Development
Pakistan Journal of American
Studies
Author name: Malik, Iftikhar
H.
Title: Benjamin Franklin: The

Father of the Yankees: Pakistan
Journal of American Studies
Author name: Malik, Iftikhar H.
Title: Encyclopaedia of
Title :Evolution of Muslim
American History
Community in the US: Journal of
Author name: Morris,
Research Society of Pakistan No.
Richard and Commager, H.S. 2
eds.
Author name: Malik, Iftikhar H.
Title: Iran, Turkey and
Title: Family Encyclopaedia of Afghanistan: A Political
American History
Chronology
Author name: Ziring, Lawrence
Title: Main Currents in
American History
Author name: Perrington,
Vernon
Title: Paved with Good

Intentions, The American
experience and Iran
Author name: Rubin, Bary
Title: The Americans: The

Colonial Experience
Author name: Boorstin,
David J.
Title: The Americans: The

National Experience
Author name: Boorstin, David
J.
Title: The United States

Author name: Hofstadter,
Richard et. al.
Title: The American Constitution

Author name: Pritchet,
Herman
Title: United States Pakistan

Title: The United States and
Relations, US Pakistan
Pakistan
Relations: A Historical
Author name: Tahir-Khali,
Perspective on Cross-Cultural
Shirin
Dialogue, in Rais A. Khan ed
Title: US China Relations: A
Study in Imperialism
Strategic Studies
Author name: Malik Iftikhar
H.
Title: White Mans Burden:

Historical Origins of Racism in
the United States
Author name: Jordon,
Winthrop D.
Title: Out of our Past: The

Forces that shaped Modern
America
Author name: Degler, Carl
N.
Title: The American

Constitution: Its origins and
Development
Author name: Kelly, Alfred H
Title: Making America: The

Society and Culture of the
United States
Author name: Luedtke,
Luther, S.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (Total Marks-100)

Title: International Politics
Author name: K.J. Holsti
Title: Politics Among Nations

Author name: Hans Morgenthan
Title: World Politics : An

Introduction
Author Name: James N.
Title: An Introduction to
International Politics Power and
Justice
Rosenau
Author name: Theodor

Contobius and Thomas Wolfe
Group A
Subjects carrying not more than 200 marks can be opted.
Note: Business Administration cannot be opted in combination with
1.
Accounting & Auditing
200
2.
Economics
200
3.
Business Administration
100
4.
100
Group B
Subject/s carrying not more than 200 marks can be opted.
1.
Political Science
200
2.
Agriculture
100
3.
Forestry
100
4.
Sociology
100
5.
Journalism
100
Group C
1.
Pure Mathematics
200
2.
Applied Mathematics
200
3.
Computer Science
100
4.
Statistics
100
Group D ( Science Subjects )

1.
Physics
200
2.
Geology
200
3.
Geography
200
4.
Chemistry
200
5.
Botany
200
6.
Zoology
200
Group E ( History Subjects )

1.
Islamic History & Culture
200
2.
Indo Pak History
200
3.
British History
200
4.
European History
200
5.
History of the USA
100
Group F
Note: International Law CANNOT BE opted in combination
withInternational Relations.
1.
Law
200
2.
Constitutional Law
100
3.
Mercantile Law
100
4.
Muslim Law & Jurisprudence
100
5.
International Law
100
6.
International Relations
100
Group G
1.
Philosophy
200
2.
Psychology including Exp. Psychology
200
Group H ( Regional Languages )

Regional Languages: Not more than one of the 4 subjects can be opted.
1.
Sindhi
100
2.
Pushto
100
3.
Punjabi
100
4.
Balochi
100
Group I ( National and Foreign Languages )

National/Foreign/Classical Languages: Not more than one of 4 subjects
can be opted. Note: Urdu can not be combined with Regional
Languages.
1.
English Literature
200
2.
Urdu
200
3.
Persian
200
4. Arabic
200
- See more at: http://www.ilmkidunya.com/css-pakistan/css-subjects.aspx#sthash.aObSYYj6.dpuf
Medical Test.
Candidates who qualify the written examination will be medically examined by the Medical Boards constituted for the
purpose to ensure that candidate is in good mental and physical health and free from any physical defect likely to
interfere with the discharge of their duties. The candidates who (after such medical examination which Government
or the appointing authority, may prescribe) are found not to satisfy these requirements, will not be appointed except
the disabled candidates as rules mentioned for disabled candidates by FPSC.
Disabled candidates must submit a certificate of disability issued by the competent authority designated for the
purpose by the Federal/Provincial Government. Disabled candidates in the categories of physically impaired,
hearing/speech impaired(deaf & dumb) and visually impaired (blind) are allowed to compete for Competitive
Examination against four Occupational Groups/Services viz: (a) Commerce & Trade Group (b) Pakistan Audit &
Accounts
Service
(c)
Information
Group
&
(d)
Postal
Group....
Disabled candidates will be provided helper such as Writer, if so requested by them in their application forms.
In order to prevent disappointment, candidates are advised to have themselves examined by a Government Medical
Officer of the standing of a Civil Surgeon before applying for admission to the examination.
Psychological Test.
All candidates called for Viva Voce will be required to undergo Psychological Test first, comprising written tests and
group tasks. Such tests are designed to assess abilities, attitude and personality characteristics of the candidates with
special regard to their aptitude for the Civil Services. Separate marks are not awarded for the Psychological
assessment. However, 300 marks assigned to Viva Voce also reflect the performance on Psychological Test.
Candidates must bring their National Identity Cards and two copies of recent photographs when summoned for
Psychological test, and Viva Voce. If a candidate remains absent in the Psychological Test, he/she will not be allowed
to appear for Viva Voce.
Viva Voce.
Each candidate who qualifies written part of the exam. will be interviewed by a Board. He/she will be asked questions
on matters of general interest. The object of the interview is to assess his/her suitability for the services for which
he/she is entered and in framing their assessment the Board will attach particular importance to the moral and
ethical qualities of the candidates, his/her intelligence and alertness of mind, his/her vigour and strength of character
and his/her potential qualities of leadership. The Board will take into consideration his/her extra-mural activities such
as sports, debates, hobbies, etc., and their effect on his/her physique and character, in assessing his/her merit.
All candidates are expected to have basic knowledge regarding Islam and Pakistan. Questions may be asked in the
Interview on these subjects. Persons securing less than pass marks in these subjects will not be considered for
appointment to Government jobs, irrespective of their proficiency in other fields. However, the Non-Muslim
candidates will not be asked any question regarding Islam.
Qualifying
marks
in
over
all
test
for
eligibility
for
appointment.
The Commission with prior approval of the Government may fix qualifying marks in any or all of the subjects of the
examination but a candidate who fails to secure at least 40% marks in any compulsory subject, 33% marks in any of
the optional subjects, or 50% marks in the Aggregate and 100 marks at the Viva Voce, will be considered to have
failed and will not be eligible for appointment.
How
many
time
candidate
can
take
the
CSS
Exam?
A candidate can take CSS exam three times only.

Re-counting
of
CSS
Exam.
If you want to do re-counting of your marks obtained in CSS Exam, you will have to submit your request for recounting with in one month from the date of issue of result card/marks sheet, along with a Treasury Challan of Rs
200/- per paper as fee of re-counting.
Essay Writing for CSS/PCS Exam
This article is purely for students appearing in CSS/PCS exam and is majorly focused on the attributes of essay
writing for CSS exam.
A good essay is a comprehensive composition on a particular topic; beneficial, convincing and easily comprehendible
for a reader. Essay writing is a skill of formulating your ideas about a topic in an adequate manner with the aid of
rational arguments which convince the reader about what is discoursed in the essay.
If you are a beginner, dont worry because essay writing is not an inborn quality but it is a skill that is developed by
learning and practice.
QUESTION FORMAT (CSS Exam): Make an outline and write a COMPREHENSIVE ESSAY (2500 3500
words) on any one on the given topics. Make sure you use different forms of discourse e.g. description,
narration, illustration etc.
Essay writing can be divided into following four parts on the basis of marking in CSS Exam.
1.
Discourse/ideas
2.
and
presented
Structure
3.
4.
thoughts
in
an
of
essay
Making
Principles
and
Qualities
5. Proficiency and competency in writing in English
essay
Outline
of
good
essay
Discourse/ideas and thoughts presented in an

essay
The first and foremost thing that ensures your success in essay writing for CSS exam is what you present in your
essay, your ideas and thoughts. They expect from you a great deal of knowledge about the topic, maturity in your
thoughts and ideas, thoughts based on facts supporting or opposing the topic, widely accepted thoughts, multidimensional approach to explain about the topic and proper way of expressing your ideas and thoughts. All these
aspects as a whole depends upon following factors
How much have you done general study about various topics like different issues, personalities, aspects of society,
political issues and events, science, religion, art, literature, history, current problems and challenges, etc.
How do you observe, analyze and compare or contrast various things (like above topics etc) while you study, learn or
hear them.
Your cognitive approach to various things (like above topics etc), the way you make your personal view about a
thing.
The way you select facts or ideas about a topic that can easily convince a reader about what is said relating the topic
and which look appealing and worth reading to the reader.
All of the above aspects contribute to generate good ideas, maturity in your thoughts and multi-dimensional
approach to explain about a topic. You should have the habit of general reading because it is what you learn that you
present in your essay. General study as more as possible is quite helpful. Observe and analyze whatever you learn as
well as have your own perspective about it to explore it.
Structure of an essay
An essay has three parts, 1. Introduction, 2. Body, 3. Conclusion
Introduction
An essay always starts with an introduction to the topic or subject-matter of the essay. The first
paragraph (paragraphs) serves as an introductory paragraph, where you have to write the about what the topic
means or explain about the subject-matter in a way to provide the basic understanding of the topic. The old way is
to start an essay with a definition, literal meaning of the topic or widely accepted interpretation of the topic. The
modern essayist though starts an essay with a general explanation by writing the main attributes of the topic to
introduce the topic. Choosing either ways to write the introduction to the topic depends upon the subject matter of
essay. Some of the essays given in CSS exam may not be directly introduced with the help a definition or quotation
where you can start with widely accepted interpretation of topic or by converging its basic attributes to write its
introduction. The introduction should be appealing and fascinating to the reader because it exhibits your first
impression on reader and reflects overall beauty of essay.
Body
It is the middle part of essay which initiates after introduction. It can consist of as many paragraphs as you can
write or required to write. It is the larger part of essay including all the argumentation, elaboration of ideas,
reasoning and all necessary explanation about the topic. All what you need for this part is to learn how to write a
paragraph. Each paragraph comprises elaboration of a similar idea relating the subject matter. The first sentence of
each paragraph again serves as introductory sentence to what is discussed in the paragraph. The first line of each
paragraph
is
indented
little
to
right
making
it
distinct
from
other
paragraph.
Moreover, the order of paragraphs should be in a proper sequence. Which idea should be written first and
which idea should be written next needs to be developed.
Conclusion
The last part of essay, conclusion, is to sum up your all ideas (whatever you have written in body part) to
derive a conclusion. You are supposed to write a short theme to the all discourse made about the topic, considering
the main ideas (remember, the theme, not the all main ideas) and write some lines as a conclusion to overall
discourse. It should be a satisfactory end for the reader.
Making an Outline
Making an outline for an essay means to make a sketch for the entire essay by writing the basic and main ideas
which are to be elaborated to write the essay. Making an outline is important for two reasons, firstly it is the part of
your answer as asked in the question (CSS 2009) and secondly it helps you to write an essay with perfection.
Before starting to write the essay, think over the topic to collect the main ideas which you will elaborate to the
essay. Write down all these main ideas in the form of lines having numbers or bullets. You can give a name or a title
to each main idea while making the outline or you can also write each main idea in a sentence form but all the ideas
should be in proper order.
Principles and Qualities of a Good Essay

An essay is never written hap hazardly but always written according to certain principles. Besides, a good essay has
certain qualities which make the essay interesting, appealing and influential.
Unity: An essay, written on a particular topic, should have uniformity. All the ideas and thoughts expressed in the
essay should be related to the topic. Similarly each paragraph should have unity. Unity means that each paragraph
should be about ONLY ONE idea. Different paragraphs have different ideas relating to the topic but each paragraph is
confined to one idea. Never embed a different idea in a paragraph which explains a particular idea.
Coherence and Order: The ideas should be expressed in a logical continuity. Coherence means that ideas flow
smoothly from one sentence to the next sentence. Order is the logical sequence of ideas presented in the essay.
Order of ideas means what should be written first and what should be written next. Ideas should be expressed in a
proper order of importance or events.
Avoid repetition of a same idea. Dont reproduce a same idea again and again which you have already narrated
once in your essay. Repetition reveals a very bad impression on the reader. Similarly it is better to use different
words (noun, verbs etc) for a same meaning if it is repeated again and again.
Avoid unnecessary details and explanations. Always be focused on the subject matter and try to write to the
point. Dont try to elongate your explanation by giving unnecessary and irrelevant details. Your explanation may be
neither too long nor too short but should be comprehensive and sufficient in knowledge about the topic.
The way of presenting ideas and thoughts should be appropriate. The way you describe, explain, elaborate
or discuss about an idea counts a lot for writing a good essay. Always try to write in a simple, clear and easily
comprehendible manner. Never write ideas in a convoluted manner. Write short and simple sentences instead writing
very long sentences containing many clauses. Writing on different dimensions of the subject matter should be in a
way that each aspect should be fully unveiled so that there may be no room for ambiguity for the reader.
Proficiency and competency in writing in English

It is an open secret that writing standard English and grammatical accuracy play a vital role in success in essay
writing for CSS Exam. You should know the art of literary and scholarly writing. It needs a long discussion to
expatiate about improving written English but let me give you some rudimentary tips. A basic attribute which is to
learn idiomatic usage in writing an essay should be developed. For earning grammatical accuracy in your writing,
study English grammar thoroughly (not cursorily) to learn the correct usage of grammatical units i.e. verbs, adverbs,
adjective, coordination, subordination, subject-verb agreement, phrasal verbs etc.
Preparation for CSS Examination Pakistan
Preparation for CSS written Exam

About 5000 students appear in CSS Exam every year. 600 to 900 out of the 5000 qualify the written Test. If you are
the one who will appear in the coming CSS Exam, Remember that you have to compete against 5000 students in
Exam. It is very easy to qualify and get higher grades in CSS Exam provided you work hard and work in directed
way. Most of the students fail the test in spite of hard work because their efforts are mis-directed, they dont know
what is worth studying for preparation for CSS Exam.
I will here share the experience of students who qualified the test securing higher grades so that you can benefit
from it. CSS Exam is designed to check your educational skills, aptitude and competence in various aspects. In order
to qualify CSS Exam you should really be an intelligent, sharp minded, alert, well-informed and well versed person.
Only a book work cannot qualify the test if he is unaware of surrounding. It means CSS Exam tests both your
educational skills as well as general skills. Because a big part of your COMPULSORY SUBJECTS consists of General
Knowledge which is something you cannot only get from books. First we will talk about how to groom your
educational skills and then general skills.
You have to appear in 12 subjects, 6 out of which are compulsory and rests are Optional.
Subject-Wise Preparation for CSS EXAM

CUMPULSORY SUBJECTS
ENGLISH
ESSAY:
In English Essay you are asked to write an COMPREHENSIVE ESSAY (2500 3500 words) on one topic in given
topics. In essay they check your writing skills, grammar, expression and thoughts. For English Essay, you must have
excellent writing skills, grammatical correction and beautiful and mature expression. Try to read English Newspaper
daily, English Grammar, Essays in order to groom your writing skills.
CURRENT
AFFAIRS:
For Current Affairs, read daily Newspaper and listen to daily News. Study Relations with other countries, internal and
external affairs. You should be well informed about current political and general situation. Good books like who is
who and what is what etc are very helpful in general preparation.
EVERYDAY
SCIENCE:
For everyday science study the books of Matric/O-level and FSc/A-level. All the questions set in paper of everyday
science are extracted from these books. Questions are asked about Scientific Laws and principles, Experiments,
Scientific Terms, Processes etc.
PAKISTAN
AFFAIRS:
For Pakistan Affairs, you should study good books of Pak Studies, History, Relations with other countries, internal and
external affairs, Political and general events of Pakistan, Daily News papers and other good books like The struggle
of Pakistan by I.H Qureshi etc.
ISLAMIYAT:
For Islamiyat study text books (Bachelor and master level) as well as other Islamic books like Bahesht-i-Zewar etc.
Learn a lot of Hadees and Quranic verses with translation to write them in answer as references. Study the Basic
Concepts and knowledge of Islam.
OPTIONAL SUBJECTS
Correct selection of papers from optional subject is very important for high marks in test. Select those subjects which
you have studied in your previous classes and those subjects which you have full command on. Study books of
bachelor and master level for these subjects (if possible).
General Tips and information about CSS Examination

1.
Be careful in the selection of subjects from optional subjects. Select those subject which you have studied
in your previous classes or those subject in which you have more interest or you have more command on
them comparatively.
2.
While filling the application form never write false things or exaggeration to influence Commission or
officers or member of the staff of commission, if they come to know (even after your appointment) about
any information given by you is wrong or false, you will be liable to dismissal from service.
3.
If you are not satisfied from your exam you took this year and want to take exam again next year, apply
for exam by prescribed date without waiting for your result because result may take time and you may miss
the date for submitting application for next year exam.
4.
Date of Birth: The date of birth accepted by the Commission is that entered in the following documents:
(a)
Matriculation
(b)
Secondary
or
Higher
Certificate;
Secondary
School
Leaving
Certificate;
(c) Certificate of birth from the Principal/Headmaster of the School from where a candidate has passed his/her GEC,
O
level
or
(d)
In
equivalent
case
of
examination,
showing
Christian
the
candidates,
date
of
birth
Baptismal
in
or
the
School
birth
Admission
registration
Register;
certificate.
(The decision as to which certificate is acceptable for the purpose of date of birth rests with the Commission). Note: Once a date
of birth has been claimed by a candidate and accepted by the Commission for the purpose of admission to an examination, no
change will be allowed at a subsequent examination or selection.
1.
Age Limit Relaxation: The upper age limit will be relaxed by two years up to the age of 30 years in
respect of :
(a) the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Caste and Buddhist Community subject to production of a certificate
(Annex-A of Application Form) to be issued by Political Agent/DCO/ District Magistrate in support of their claim.
(b) the candidates belonging to the recognized Tribes who are permanent residents of the areas mentioned below
and whose families have been living in these areas. Such candidates must attach a certificate (Annex- B of
Application Form) to be issued by Political Agent/DCO/District Magistrate in support of their claim :
1.
Balochistan.
2. Tribal Areas of D.I.Khan and Peshawar Divisions (including former Frontier States of Dir, Swat,
Chitral
3.
4.
5.
Former
and
excluded
Former
Upper
(Baluch)
area
forming
Tribal
Areas
Tanawal
part
of
of
Area
Amb).
the
Dera
Ghazi
Mardan
of
Khan
and
and
Hazara
Rajanpur
Districts.
HazaraDivisions.
Division.
(c) the candidates who are permanent residents of Azad Kashmir Territory, subject to submission of a
certificate (Annex-C of Application Form) to be issued by Kashmir Affairs Division, Government of Pakistan.
(d) the candidates who are permanent residents of Northern Areas including Gilgit, Diamir, Baltistan, Ghizar and
Ghanche, subject to submission of a certificate (Annex-B of Application Form) to be issued by the Political
Agent/DCO/
District
Magistrate.
(e) the candidates who are disabled namely, physically impaired, hearing/speech impaired (deaf & dumb) and
visually impaired (blind), subject to submission of certificate of disability issued by the competent authority
designated
for
the
purpose
by
the
Federal/Provincial
Government.
(f) In Service Government Servants, Armed Forces Personnel, Contract employees, including the Government
servants of AJ&K, who possess minimum of two years continuous Government service as on first January, 2012,
subject to submission of Departmental Permission Certificate(Annex-E) from the competent authority. Employees of
Nationalized Banks, State Bank of Pakistan, WAPDA, Regulatory Authorities, Autonomous bodies and other semi
autonomous bodies are not entitled to age relaxation.
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your subject combination does not affect your choice for any specific

Try to have the subjects that you have studied before.

What are the compulsory and optional subjects?

Administration can not be

Law subject(s) carrying

At which centres exams are held?

What is the format of the exam?

Medical and Psychological Test

according to the schedule prescribed by the Ministry of Health. Then

What sort of preparation is required for Psychological and are there

What is the further procedure After selection?

ENGLISH (precise and composition) (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

Suggested Books Reading

Title: A practical English

Title: A University English

EVERYDAY SCIENCE (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

Suggested Books Reading

Title: Exploring life Sciences

Title: Exploring Physical

Title: Guide to Science

Title: Science Restated

Title: Principles of Animal

CURRENT AFFAIRS (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

Title: Pakistan and the Great

Title: Pakistan and the UN

Title: Pakistan the long view

Author name: Khalid B.

Title: The Military and Politics in

Title: The Management of

PAKISTAN AFFAIRS (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

1. Evolution and growth of Muslim Society in the Sub-continent.

Suggested Books Reading

Title: Muslim Separatism in

Title: Struggle for Pakistan

Title: The Muslim Community

Title: The Emergence of

Title: Towards Pakistan

Title: Pakistan A study of

Title: Ulema in Politics

Title: World Scholars on Quaidi-Azam

ISLAMIAT (COMPULSORY : Total Marks-100)

1. Basic Problems of Human Life and their Solutions

(a) Sources of Shariah: The Quran, Sunnah, Ijma (Consensus),

Suggested Books Reading

ACCOUNTANCY AND AUDITING

(c) Income Tax

(d) Business Organization and Finance

Title: Book Keeping and

Title: Advanced Accounting Title: Principles and Practice of

Title: Cost Accounting

Title: Income Tax Law (Latest

Suggested Books Reading

Title: Foreign Aid Theory and

Title: Factors in Economic

Title: Microeconomic Theory

Title: Modern Microeconomics

Title: Population Problems

Title: Studies in Economic

Title: The General Theory of

Title: The Economics of

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (Total Marks-100)

1. Nature And Scope of Management-Different Schools of thought.

1. Public Administration -Its nature and scope, the role of Public

6. Planning, -Types of Plans, Planning Process; Principles of Planning,