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Song lost control of Northern China to the Jin dynasty and moved their capital southwards in Lin'an. Dynasty ended with Mongol invasion in 1279. The Grand Canal was a major port for trade and commerce.
Song lost control of Northern China to the Jin dynasty and moved their capital southwards in Lin'an. Dynasty ended with Mongol invasion in 1279. The Grand Canal was a major port for trade and commerce.
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Song lost control of Northern China to the Jin dynasty and moved their capital southwards in Lin'an. Dynasty ended with Mongol invasion in 1279. The Grand Canal was a major port for trade and commerce.
Hak Cipta:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Format Tersedia
Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
Figure 1. Northern Song Dynasty, 960-1127 Figure 2. Southern Song Dynasty, 1127-1279
•Emperor Taizu reunified China in AD 960, established capital at
the northern city of Bianjing. •By 1127, the Song lost control of Northern China to the Jin Dynasty and moved their capital southwards in Lin’an. • Cities no longer administrative; centers of trade, industry, and maritime commerce. • Song Dynasty ended with Mongol invasion in 1279. Song Dynasty, AD 960-1279 • Imperial Examinations • paper (1st - 2nd c. AD) •books, printing • Yin privelege • Neo-Confucianism • Fan Zhong-yan (called for reforms in the education system) • Wang Anshi (attacked basis of local family wealth; curb corruption in government) • Zhu Xi (emphasis on the duality of li and qi; education Figure 3. Song Imperial Examination • Scholar-gentry class Song Dynasty, AD 960-1279 •Contributions: • Highly centralized bureaucracy • Printing and education spread leading to a rise in wealthy commoners • Bolstered naval strength as Figure 4. Song well as maritime trade Dynasty Junk. • Revolutionized technology in using gunpowder • Rise of Neo-Confucianism Figure 5. and other refinements of Trebuchet catapult used in previous philosophies launching explosives. Yuan Dynasty, AD 1279-1368
Figure 6. Yuan Dynasty
•Founded by Kublai Khan under his grandfather’s name.
• Fair amount of cultural exchange; but discriminations between groups continued to exist. • Rivalry amongst heirs, natural disasters, and peasant uprisings led to its collapse in 1368. Yuan Dynasty, AD 1279-1368 • Contributions: Figure 7. Kublai • increased use of the written Khan vernacular: rise of drama and novel • Western influences in music and performing arts • Tolerance for different religions: Islam, Roman Catholicism • Advances in travel literature Figure 8. Yuan (Marco Polo), cartography, dynasty armor geography, scientific education used during • Beijing became the terminus of Mongol invasions. the Grand Canal – completely renovated • improved maritime commerce and first contact with Europeans Ming Dynasty, AD 1368-1644
Figure 9. Ming Dynasty
•Established by Zhu Yuanzhan (Hongwu – “vast military”, a
peasant and Buddhist monk – capital: Nanjing (“S. capital”) and Beijing (“N. capital”) • Last native imperial dynasty in Chinese history • First quarter of the 15th century: peak; 1600s: decline Ming Dynasty, AD 1368-1644 •Contributions: • introduced terrace farming •construction of a vast navy – contributing during times of war and trade • construction projects: Grand Canal, Great Wall, and the Figure 10. establishment of the Forbidden The City Forbidden City. • attempt to restore classical Chinese works in literature Figure 11. Ming • heightened maritime trade Dynasty with the Europeans: Portuguese, painting of the Spanish, and Dutch at the port Forbidden of Guangzhou (Canton) City.
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