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671
THE
CONSOLIDATED
BANK
AND
TRUST
CORPORATION (SOLIDBANK), petitioner, vs. THE
COURT OF APPEALS, CONTINENTAL CEMENT
CORPORATION, GREGORY T. LIM and SPOUSE,
respondents.
Evidence; Findings of fact by the Court of Appeals, especially if
they affirm factual findings of the trial court will not be disturbed by
the Supreme Court, unless these findings are not supported by
evidence.On the first issue respecting the fact of overpayment
found by both the lower court and respondent Court of Appeals, we
stress the time-honored rule that findings of fact by the Court of
Appeals, especially if they affirm factual findings of the trial court
will not be disturbed by this Court, unless these findings are not
supported by evidence.
Loans; Banks and Banking; Letters of Credit; Interest Rates;
Compensation; It would be onerous to compute interest and other
charges on the face value of the letter of credit which a bank issued,
without first crediting or setting off the marginal deposit which the
borrower paid to itcompensation is proper and should take effect
by operation of law because the requisites in Article 1279 of the Civil
Code are present and should extinguish both debts to the concurrent
amount.Petitioners contention that the marginal deposit made by
respondent Corporation should not be deducted outright from the
amount of the letter of credit is untenable. Petitioner argues that
the marginal deposit should be considered only
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FIRST DIVISION.
672
672
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673
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674
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entered into and signed the contract clearly in his official capacity
as Executive Vice President. The personality of the corporation is
separate and distinct from the persons composing it.
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675
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3
676
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INTEREST
RATE
IS
VALID
UNDER
APPLICABLE JURISPRUDENCE AND THE
RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE CENTRAL
BANK.
4. WHETHER OR NOT THE RESPONDENT
APPELLATE COURT GRIEVOUSLY ERRED IN
NOT CONSIDERING THE TRANSACTION AT
BAR AS A TRUST RECEIPT TRANSACTION ON
THE BASIS OF THE JUDICIAL ADMISSIONS OF
THE PRIVATE RESPONDENTS AND FOR
WHICH
RESPONDENTS
ARE
LIABLE
THEREFOR.
5. WHETHER OR NOT THE RESPONDENT
APPELLATE COURT GRIEVOUSLY ERRED IN
NOT
HOLDING
PRIVATE
RESPONDENT
SPOUSES LIABLE UNDER
THE TRUST
6
RECEIPT TRANSACTION.
The petition must be denied.
On the first issue respecting the fact of overpayment
found by both the lower court and respondent Court of
Appeals, we stress
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6
677
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325 SCRA 259, citing Guerrero v. Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 670 (1998)
and Sta. Maria v. Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 351 (1998).
678
678
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(1990).
9
Exhibit A.
10
11
Emphasis ours.
679
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679
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14
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12
13
14
Ibid., p. 12.
680
680
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over the construction materials pass to the bank, but directly to the
Petitioners from CM Builders Centre. This impresses upon the
trust receipt in question vagueness and ambiguity, which should not
be the basis for criminal prosecution in the event of violation of its
provisions.
The practice of banks of making borrowers sign trust receipts to
facilitate collection of loans and place them under the threats of
criminal prosecution should they be unable to pay it may be unjust
and inequitable, if not reprehensible. Such agreements are
contracts of adhesion which berrowers have no option but to sign
lest their loan be disapproved. The resort to this scheme leaves poor
and hapless borrowers at the mercy of banks, and is prone to
misinterpretation, as had happened in this case. Eventually, PBC
showed its true colors and admitted that it was only after collection
of the money, as manifested by its Affidavit of Desistance.
681
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682
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COURT:
Proceed.
ATTY. BANAGA:
Q Who owns the bunker fuel oil after purchase from
Petrophil Corp.?
15
A Gregory Lim.
16
(2000), citing Rustan Pulp and Paper Mills, Inc. vs. Intermediate
Appellate Court, 214 SCRA 665, 672 (1992).
683
683
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